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EQUILIBRIUM OF SOLID BODY UNDER THREE FORCES (English option)

I) Experiment study of equilibrium .

Forces Action line Point of sense magnetude


impact
r
FA
r
FB
r
FC

1) Draw the three line action of the three Forces.


2) Show that the forces are coplanar .

II) Polygon of forces and condition of equilibrium


EQUILIBRIUM OF SOLID BODY UNDER THREE FORCES (English option)

Below is a list of methods for describing forces in equilibrium acting on a


particle. The forces act in one plane and are called coplanar .
In this context the word equilibrium means that the forces are in
balance and there is no net force acting.

Vector Method

The condition for equilibrium is that the vector sum of forces(the


resultant)is the null vector. This means that the multipliers for
the i, j and k unit vectors are each zero.
Hiero, king of Syracuse (250 BC), commanded a
Crown in solid gold of 1 kg. When he received it, he had
But suspecting the craftsman to have mixed up
The money to gold, he asked Archimedes to remove the doubt
EQUILIBRIUM OF SOLID BODY UNDER THREE FORCES (English option)

Without altering the jewel. The legend tells that Archimedes


Found the solution in his bath and gave himself to an experiment
Close to it:
"In a vase filled to the brim of water, he plunged the crown and measured the
Volume of water expelled from the vessel: 65 ml. He repeated the same operation successively with a
Mass of 1 kg of pure gold, then 1 kg of pure silver; 51 ml and 95 ml of water came out of the
vase.
1. What does the expression "... have mixed silver with gold" mean?
2. What is the volume of the crown? 1 kg of gold and 1 kg of silver?
3. Calculate the density of gold and that of silver.
4. Why was Archimedes certain that the crown was not made of pure gold?

Hiron, roi de Syracuse(250av.J-C.), commanda une

couronne en or massif de 1 kg. Lorsqu'il la reut, il fit vrifier

son poids mais, souponnant l'artisan d'avoir ml de

l'argent l'or, il demanda Archimde de lever le doute

sans altrer le joyau. La lgende raconte qu'Archimde

trouva la solution dans son bain et se livra une exprience

voisine de celle-ci :

Dans un vase rempli ras bord d'eau, il plongea la couronne et mesura le

volume d'eau expuls du vase: 65 ml. Il recommena la mme opration successivement avec une

masse de 1 kg d'or pur, puis de 1 kg d'argent pur; 51 ml et 95 ml d'eau sortirent respectivement du

vase.

1. Que signifie lexpression ... d'avoir ml de l'argent l'or... ?

2. Quelle est le volume de la couronne ? de 1 kg dor et de 1 kg dargent ?

3. Calculez la densit* de lor et celle de largent.

4. Pourquoi Archimde tait-il certain que la couronne ntait pas faites dor pur ?

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