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Participants Workbook
Section 4: Audi Advantages
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Audi Advantages
Table of Contents
Engines....................................................................................4-1
Transmissions.......................................................................4-18
Drivetrains.............................................................................4-26
Safety.....................................................................................4-46
Details of Distinction ...........................................................4-59
Engines Workstation
In this workstation you will explore some of the basics of how engines make
power, how that power can be increased and some specifics about what
makes the latest Audi engines so powerful.
Introduction
Engines breath taking in and exhausting air; they also digest
extracting energy from fuel and air
Essentials for combustion: ______________ , _____________ , _______________
Too much air = a ____________________ mixture (it won't burn well, if at all)
Too much fuel = a ____________________ mixture (makes for dirty
combustion, poor fuel economy, or no combustion at all)
Ideal air/fuel mixture 14.7:1
14.7 parts air to 1 part fuel, also called the ____________________ ratio
Air and fuel are only the start. Making more power is possible through
various other measures:
Greater power per firing interval (bigger bangs in the cylinder)
Increasing engine speed with more frequent firing intervals (more
frequent bangs)
Higher ____________________ratio
Audis 3.2 FSI V6 has the industrys highest compression ratio at _________
Turbocharging force feeds the engine extra air and fuel for more power
using waste energy in the exhaust gas. But its extra power is not quite free.
Turbocharging has one downside, compression __________ the incoming air
1. Use the tire pump to pump against resistance for approximately 2 minutes,
Pump vigorously; use the full stroke of the pump!
2. Feel the lower end of the pump cylinder. Is it warm or cool? _____________
3. Use the tapered nozzle to lightly inflate the balloon, and tie the end.
4. Take the inflated balloon back to the workstation. (Soon you will be prompted to
put the inflated balloon in the refrigerator.)
Stop
DVD Measuring test results
This change means that the air in the balloon is __________ dense.
When air is more dense, a greater amount of air can be fed into the engine's
combustion cylinder to create more powerful combustion
Start
DVD FSI Fuel Straight Injection
The new 2.0T FSI engine will be used on the _________ and _________ models
The tumbling of the incoming air promotes good mixing of the air and fuel.
FSI engines for the road were proven on the race track in the Audi _________
Stop
DVD Wrap-up and additional resources
Several articles are included in the Resource Pocket of the Kiosk. Divide these
articles among your team members and answer the following questions:
Engine Availability
Model Year
Model Engine HP 2005 2005.5/2006
A3 2.0T 200 X
A4all bodystyles 1.8 T 170 X
2.0T 200 X
3.0 220 X
3.2 255 X
S4all bodystyles 4.2 340 X X
A6 3.2 and 4.2 3.2 255 X X
4.2 335 X X
A6 Avant 3.0 220 X 2.0T
new
3.2 250 X
A3, A4
allroad quattro 2.7 T 250 X
4.2 300 X
A8all models 4.2 335 X X
6.0 450 X X
TT Coupe/TT Roadster 1.8 T 180 X X
1.8 T 225 X X 3.2 V6
3.2 250 X X new
A4, A6
Major Features
Multi-valve technology; 5 or 4 per cylinder
Relatively high compression ratio
Turbocharging
Variable valve timing
Variable intake path geometry
4.2L V8
Electronic engine management S4, allroad
New engine applications: FSI direct gasoline injection quattro
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_____________________________________________________ 4.2L V8
A8/A8 L
Features of Note
200 @ 5100-6000
2.0-liter inline 4-cylinder
FSIFuel Straight Injection 207 @ 1800-5000
4-valves per cylinder
Dual overhead camshafts
(DOHC)
Turbocharged and intercooled
Variable intake valve timing
10.5:1 compression ratio;
HP
highest in any production
Torque
turbo engine
Aluminum head, iron block
Balancer shafts
Transverse mounting
TT Engines
Features of Note
1.8-liter inline 4-cylinder
5-valves per cylinder
180 @ 5500
Dual overhead 173 @ 1950-4700
camshafts (DOHC)
Turbocharged and
intercooled
Relatively high
compression ratio
HP
(9.5:1)
Torque
Electronic turbo boost
regulation
Transverse mounting
TT Engines continued
TT 3.2-liter V6
A4 3.0-liter V6
Features of Note
3.0-liter 90O V6 220 @ 6300
5-valves per cylinder 221 @ 3200
Dual overhead camshafts
(DOHC)
Variable intake and exhaust
valve timing
Variable intake manifold
High compression ratio HP
Torque
(10.1:1)
Aluminum heads and block
Longitudinal mounting
Features of Note
2.0-liter inline 4-cylinder 200 @ 51006000
FSIFuel Straight Injection 207 @ 1800-5000
4-valves per cylinder
Dual overhead camshafts
(DOHC)
Turbocharged and intercooled
Variable intake/exhaust timing
Variable intake manifold
10.5:1 Compression ratio,
HP
highest in any production Torque
turbo engine
Aluminum head, iron block
Balancer shafts
Longitudinal mounting
A4 3.2 FSI V6
Features of Note
3.1-liter (3123cc) 90O V6 255 @ 6500
FSIFuel Straight Injection 243 @ 3250
4-valves per cylinder
Dual overhead camshafts
(DOHC)
Variable intake/exhaust timing
Variable intake manifold
12.5:1 compression ratio, the
highest of any production HP
gasoline engine Torque
Balancer shaft
Aluminum heads and block
Longitudinal mounting
S4 Engine
S4 4.2-liter V8
Features of Note
4.2-liter 90O V8 340 @ 7000
5-valves per cylinder
Dual overhead camshafts 302 @ 3500
A6 Avant 3.0-liter V6
Features of Note
220 @ 6300
3.0-liter 90O V6
221 @ 3600
5-valves per cylinder
Dual overhead camshafts
(DOHC)
Variable intake and exhaust
valve timing
Variable intake manifold
High compression ratio HP
Torque
(10.1:1)
Aluminum heads and block
Longitudinal mounting
A6 3.2 FSI V6
Features of Note
3.1-liter (3123cc) 90O V6 255 @ 6500
FSIFuel Straight Injection 243 @ 3250
4-valves per cylinder
Dual overhead camshafts
(DOHC)
Variable intake/exhaust timing
Variable intake manifold
12.5:1 compression ratio,
the highest of any production HP
gasoline engine Torque
Balancer shaft
Aluminum heads and block
Longitudinal mounting
A6 4.2-liter V8
Features of Note
4.2-liter 90O V8 335 @ 6600
5-valves per cylinder
Dual overhead camshafts 309 @ 3500
(DOHC), chain driven at rear
Variable intake valve timing
Variable intake manifold,
two stage
High compression ratio
(11.0:1)
Aluminum head and block HP
Torque
Ultra-compact chain and
accessory drives
Longitudinal mounting
Features of Note
300 @ 6200
4.2-liter 90O V8
5-valves per cylinder 280 @ 2700-4600
Dual overhead camshafts
(DOHC), chain driven at rear
Variable intake valve timing
Variable intake manifold,
two stage
High compression ratio
HP
(11.0:1) Torque
Aluminum heads and block
Longitudinal mounting
A8 L Engines
A8 and A8 L 4.2-liter V8
Features of Note 335 @ 6500
O
4.2-liter 90 V8 317 @ 3500
5-valves per cylinder
Dual overhead camshafts
(DOHC), belt driven at front
Variable intake and exhaust
valve timing
Variable intake manifold,
two stage
High compression ratio HP
Torque
(11.0:1)
Aluminum heads and block
Longitudinal mounting
A8 L W12
Features of Note 450 @ 6200*
6.0-liter W12 two 15O V6 426 @ 4000-4600*
banks joined at a 72O angle
4-valves per cylinder
Dual overhead camshafts
(DOHC)
Continuously variable intake
and exhaust valve timing
High compression ratio
(11.0:1) HP
Torque
Aluminum heads and block
Longitudinal mounting
Dry sump oil system *Preliminary specifications
Benefits
Great performance and economy
Unusually good low- and mid-range response
Very tunable engines popular with enthusiasts.
Benefits
Great power due to more efficient
use of fuel
Improved fuel economy
Reduced exhaust emissions
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Attributes
Power is developed at uncommonly low rpm and continues through to the
upper mid-range
Characterized by a relatively flat torque curve
Engine response is more linear throughout the power band instead
of being developed in a narrow, peaky region typically at high rpm
Benefits
Powerful low and mid-range throttle response
Good acceleration and passing power, often without the need to
downshift to stay in the power range
Allows either an enthusiastic or relaxed driving style
Great for everyday and sports driving, yet it doesnt demand to be
driven hard to enjoy the benefits
HP HP HP
Torque Torque Torque
Attributes
Multi-path intake design for high velocity air flow at all speeds
Long, narrower intake passage at low RPM for high velocity despite
lower total air volume
Short, large cross section intake passage at high RPM for high velocity
and high volume
Benefits
Low-end torque and high-end horsepower from the same engine.
Benefits
Combines the top-end power of a high-revving race-type engine with the
low-end response, fuel economy and reduced emissions of a mildly- tuned
engine two types of engine in one.
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Transmission Workstation
In this Workstation you will learn the principles of multitronic CVT operation
and understand the complexities that the Direct Shift Gearbox so
successfully masters.
Start
DVD Introduction
In most market segments, automatics represent ________________% of sales.
The number of speeds in an automatic transmission has steadily___________
How many speeds did your childhood bike have? _________________________
And how many on your new bike, or your kids? ___________________________
More speeds can be better for____________________________________________,
_____________________________________ , _____________________________________
Start
DVD Meet the multitronic
multitronic is the only transmission able to provide both an unusually wide
range of gear ratios and the nearly infinite ability to choose the ideal ratio
for any given circumstance automatically, continuously and seamlessly
The way the multitronic shifts from a large/small pulley combination to a
small/large pairing and anywhere in between resembles shifting a bike
Just as important as the extremes of high and low gears, the multitronic
can also select from any ratio in between. The benefits are: seamless
shifts, better fuel economy, and the ability to adapt to varied driving
styles.
Transmission Workstation
Stop
DVD The Human DSG
The DSG has a very complex set of tasks. Can your Team can duplicate them?
One set of knobs represents gears 1, 3, 5; the other represents 2, 4, 6
The black knobs each represent a clutch
One team member operates first, third and fifth gears, and one clutch
Another team member operates second, fourth and sixth, and one clutch
A third team member directs shifting, telling the gearboxes when to shift
Rules of the Road:
A gear is selected when its ball is picked up, disengaged when set down
A clutch is engaged (drive) when its ball is picked up, disengaged (neutral)
when set down
Procedure:
From a stop, Gearbox 1 (1st, 3rd, 5th) selects First gear, clutch not engaged
Gearbox 2 (2nd, 4th, 6th) waits, no gears engaged, clutch not engaged
When shift director says Start,, Gearbox 1 engages the clutch for drive,
Gearbox 2 then selects Second, but does not engage clutch.
Shift director says Shift: Gearbox 1 releases clutch (neutral) as Gearbox 2
simultaneously engages clutch (drive). Gearbox 1 then disengages First,
engages Third but keeps clutch disengaged
Shift director says Shift: Gearbox 2 releases clutch (neutral) as Gearbox 1
simultaneously engages clutch (drive). Gearbox 2 then disengages Second,
engages Fourth, but keeps clutch disengaged
Process continues up to sixth gear, then back down to First
Start
DVD DSG capabilities and comparisons
Could your Team master the speed and coordination of the DSG? _________
DSG has a racing heritage, but is built with state of the art electronics
Lightning-fast shifts (0.0080.015 seconds); no interruption in power flow
Stop
DVD Wrap-up and additional resources
Read the material in the Resource pocket and answer these questions:
Which other brand and model has something like the DSG? _______________
How many different kinds of automatic transmission does Audi offer? _____
Transmissions
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Attributes
Unlike a torque converter, the multitronic has a minimal loss of efficiency
in operation
Infinitely variable number of ratios
Greater than 6:25 difference between
highest and lowest ratios (conventional
5-speed auto is more like 5:1)
No perceptible shifting in normal
operation
Better fuel economy than a conventional torque
converter automatic: 4-12% more economical,
as good as a manual transmission in many cases*
Tiptronic capability
Benefits
Performance and efficiency similar to a manual
transmission* with the smoothness of the best automatic
Good low-end responsiveness with on-the-road fuel economy
Fuel economy comparable to a manual*
No hunting between gears; no missed shifts
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*Its more that just a theory. Check the economy and accelerations figures for an A4 1.8 T
FrontTrak with manual transmission and multitronic.
Attributes
Combines the advantages of a conventional
six-speed manual gearbox with the qualities
of a modern automatic
Highly efficient and able to transmit great
torque
Complete driver control of gear selection or
fully automatic operation
Sport or Normal shift programs available in
automatic mode
Extremely compact design
Virtually no interruption of power flow during
shifting
Benefits
Offers the choice between highly involved shift-it-yourself driving or
completely automatic shifting and either a Sport of Normal mode
Lightning fast shifts under full power result in even better acceleration
than the best driver can achieve with a manual transmission
Smooth and unruffled shifting when used in automatic mode
Fuel economy as good as a manual transmission
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Attributes
DSP (Dynamic Shift Program) selects from over 200 shift programs to suit
the drivers style of driving
Lock-up torque converter
Automatic shift lock (another Audi innovation)
Overdrive in top gear for relaxed cruising
Benefits
Smooth shifting and efficient operation
Seamless adaptation to the drivers style of driving
Six-speed automatics come in many variations, from the DSG in the A3 and
TT 3.2 to the highly refined unit in the A8 models. All share several virtues.
Benefits
Compared to a 5-speed, the new 6-speeds offer:
More relaxed high-speed cruising (due to lower engine RPM)
Quicker acceleration
Better fuel economy
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Benefits
The driving pleasure of shifting ones own gears a pleasure that is
increasingly rare in a market with fewer and fewer manual transmissions
Advantageous pricing compared to same car with automatic
Excellent mix of performance and economy
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Drivetrain Workstation
In this Workstation you will learn how the drivetrain parts work together, the
keys to all-wheel drive and essentials of electronic control systems.
Start
DVD Introduction
Power flows from the engine to transmission, to the _____________________,
to the axles, and to the wheels.
When a row in a marching band turns a corner, those on the outside march
a ___________ distance than those on the inside. This is like a car rounding a
corner. Which car wheels travel a greater distance in a corner? ____________
Drivetrain Workstation
Start
DVD Keys to quattro all-wheel drive
Regardless of its technology, every contemporary quattro system:
Is always on, always engaged and requires no special driver interaction
Actively manages the distribution of power front-to-rear, sending the
____________________ of power to the wheels with best traction
Responds to wheel spin and often can act pre-emptively to avoid spin
Works seamlessly with ABS, EDL, ASR, ESP, EDB and other systems
Start
DVD Electronic Stabilization Program
ESP is the final, and most powerful, layer in a range of integrated handling and
control systems. These includes acronyms like _______, _______, _______.
Can a car steer without using the steering wheel? Yes, if an intelligent system of
controls selectively brakes a single wheel. Its much the same as a kayaker
dragging the paddle in the water. Drag it on the right side and the kayak will steer
to the _________.
Vehicle ________________________
Brake __________________________
Wheel _________________________
Stop
DVD Additional resources
Use the workbook and resources such as accessaudi.com for more details.
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Attributes
Excellent traction in fair weather
and foul, thanks to front wheel
drive, traction control
Surprising roominess, including
cargo capacity
Cost-effective
Benefits
Driving enjoyment
A stylish sports car that can double as a daily driver on any day and
in nearly any weather
Affordability
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Attributes
Excellent traction in
fair weather or foul
Precise steering and
near viceless handling,
largely unaffected by
torque steer and road irregularities
Excellent packaging in an affordable car
Benefits
Driving enjoyment
The security and peace of mind that come from predictable
handling and ample traction
Affordability
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Whether you want a sedan, Avant, Cabriolet or sports car in any size or
range we offer the customer can choose all-wheel drive. Compare that to
the limited range, toe-in-the-water, approach of every competitor.
Attributes
Requires no special knowledge or driving skill to achieve its benefits
Requires no switches, adjustments or engagement its always on duty
Has the capability of automatically redistributing the engines power
between the front and rear axles to take advantage of changing traction
conditions
Has the capability of reacting to wheel spin by redistributing power and/or
using EDL to increase the power delivered to tires with better traction
Has the capability to predict the loss of traction in many cases and can
frequently actively redistribute power in advance of wheel spin or traction
loss
Regardless of technology, a quattro system is priced for value and returns
much of its cost at resale and in improved residual value
Benefits
quattro can often eliminate the drama of wheel-spin or loss of control by
apportioning the engines power in advance of traction difficulties
quattro also reacts in fractions of a second to the loss of traction and
can apply power where it will do most good. At the same time, it works to
limit wheel spin and preserve control
Every driver will enjoy the advantages of quattro every day and all the
time with no need for special skills
Economic advantage whether leasing or buying. Audis all-wheel drive
goes a long way towards paying for itself in improved residual value or
higher resale value a winning proposition when leasing or at resale.
Check it out at references such as Automotive Lease Guide (ALG) or Kelly
Blue Book (kbb.com)