Академический Документы
Профессиональный Документы
Культура Документы
M.Atia 4
Design steps
M.Atia 5
Definition of problem
The function, of the element
Its geometric relation to other elements
The loads (static and. dynamic) imposed, on the element
the kind of environment temperature, humidity, dirt, corrosive elements, to
which the element will be subjected.
The stability of environmental conditions and how they would change
The required serviceable life of the element.
The available production means
The available materials and. their physical and mechanical properties.
The limits set on the production cost
The weight limitations, If any. Imposed. on the design.
Interchangeability of production units
The consequences or failure
The limits on probability of survival
M.Atia 6
Synthesis
M.Atia 7
Analysis and optimization
Force analysis
Stress analysis
Deformation
Crack propagation
Heat transfer
Thermodynamics
Fluid mechanics
Weight analysis
M.Atia 8
Evaluation
Feasibility study
Cost
Availability
Costumer satisfaction
M.Atia 9
Presentation
Construction drawings
Shapes and proportions of components
Components proper location
Fits between components
Identification of components as number, size,
material, surface finish and process of
manufacturing when necessary.
Working drawings
Bill of material
M.Atia 10
Design considerations
Strength/stress Life
Distortion/deflection/stiffness Noise
Wear Styling
Corrosion Shape
Safety Size
Reliability Control
Friction Weight
Usability Surface
Utility Lubrication
Cost Marketability
Processing Maintenance
Thermal Properties Volume
Scrapping / recycling Liability
M.Atia 11
Codes and standards
A standard
is a set of specifications for parts, materials, or processes
intended to achieve uniformity, efficiency, and a specified
quality.
One of the important purposes of a standard is to place a limit
on the number of items in the specifications so as to provide a
reasonable inventory of tooling, sizes, shapes, and varieties.
A code
is a set of specifications for the analysis, design, manufacture,
and construction of something.
The purpose of a code is to achieve a specified degree of
safety, efficiency, and performance or quality.
M.Atia 12
Some standard providers
M.Atia 13
SI Base units
M.Atia 14
Some SI derived units
M.Atia 15
Preferred sizes and numbers
M.Atia 16