11/25/2013

ACCELERATION:
Uniform Accelerated
Rectilinear Motion
(UARM)

Motion with Uniform Acceleration Equations of UARM

When acceleration of a particle is not If a particle has constant acceleration a, it
changing follows that the average acceleration is also a.
Acceleration is a constant non zero value
(UARM) The four basic UARM equations :
1. v=v0+at
Acceleration is zero (UM)
2. x = (v+v0) * t
2
3. x = v0t + at
2 2
4. v = v0 +2ax

One-dimensional Motion With Constant

Acceleration (UAM)
Uniform Accelerated Motion

v v v v
Eqn 1: v f vo at
fo f o
a
t t t where: vf = velocity of the body at a later time t
f o
v0 = initial velocity
t = elapsed time
v f vo at a = acceleration

Shows velocity as a function of

acceleration and time

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Example 1 : VROOOOM! Uniform Accelerated Motion

A motor bike passes a green traffic light Recall our equation for Vav :
while moving at a velocity of 6.00 m/s. It
then accelerates at 0.300 m/s2 for 15.0
s. What is the bikes velocity at 15.0s?

Manipulating this to get displacement:

One-dimensional Motion With Constant

Uniform Accelerated Motion
Acceleration (UAM)
From Equation 2
If the acceleration of a moving object is constant,
its average velocity is: v f vo at
vo v f
x vaveraget t
2
1
V0 is the initial velocity of the object while V is its x vot at 2 Velocity changes
uniformly
final velocity 2

Eqn 2: Represents the displacement x of the

moving body at any instant of time t.

Uniform Accelerated Motion Example 2 : Travelling Truck

1 A truck, initially travelling at 8.33 m/s,

Eqn 3: x vot at 2 accelerates at the constant rate of
2 1.50 m/s2. How far will the truck travel
where: v0 = initial velocity in 15.0s?
t = elapsed time
a = acceleration
x = displacement

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Recall : Example : Ready for take off!

Equation 1: v f vo at An airplane accelerates from rest down a
runway at 3.20 m/s2 for 32.8 s until is
vo v finally lifts off the ground. Determine the
Equation 2: x ( )t distance traveled before takeoff.
2
1
Equation 3 : x vot at 2
2

One-dimensional Motion With Constant

Acceleration (UAM)
Uniform Accelerated Motion
Recall Equation 2:

vo v f
Eqn 4: v2f vo2 2ax
x vaveraget t
2
where: vf = velocity of the body at a later time t
And Equation 1: v0 = initial velocity
v f vo at a = acceleration
x = displacement
v f vo
t
a
Represents the velocity
v 2f vo2 2ax of the moving body at
any displacement

Summary of kinematic equations Notes:

Motion with Constant Acceleration

If the velocity is constant (a=0), the
displacement d is computed by
multiplying by the velocity by the time
x=v*t.
1
x vot at 2
2

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Summary of kinematic equations The Use of Missing Variables

1. Check for the given (supplied data) in the problem
EQUATION MISSING
EQUATION 2. Make sure it is stated that the motion is uniformly
NUMBER VARIABLE
accelerated (or has uniform velocity) and is rectilinear
1 v=v0+at x (straight, narrow, flat paths)
2 x = (v+v0) * t a 3. Check for what is needed or required
4. Then check which variable is missing!
3 x = v0t + at2 v After the abovementioned steps, determine the
4 v2 = v0 2+2ax t equation to use, then solve!

Example 3: Doggie on the Road Example 4 : Road trip

Kat is driving around campus when she sees a dog in
the middle of the road. She steps on the brakes and A car has an initial velocity of 20 m/s and an
decelerates from a speed of 120 km/h to a complete acceleration of -1.0 m/s2.
stop during a displacement of 91 m at constant
acceleration to avoid hitting the dog. (a) Find its displacement after the 10 s from
the moment the acceleration begins.
a. What is the acceleration? b. How much time is required for
Given: v, v0, delta x
Required: a
the given decrease in speed? (b) How far will the car have gone when it
Missing Quantity: t Given: v, v0, delta x, a comes to a stop?
Equation to use? Required: t
Equation to use?

Example 5: CREEPY WHITE LADY

On a highway at night you see a white lady
and brake your car to a stop with an
acceleration of -5.6 m/s2.

What is the car's

stopping distance if
its initial speed is
a) 17 m/s?
b) 28 m/s?