IJSTE - International Journal of Science Technology & Engineering | Volume 3 | Issue 07 | January 2017

ISSN (online): 2349-784X

Role of UPFC for Damping Power System

Oscillations in Multi Machine System
Nishigandha M. Ingale Vijay Mankar
Student Assistant Professor
Department of Electrical Engineering Department of Electrical Engineering
Rajiv Gandhi College of Engineering Nagpur, India Rajiv Gandhi College of Engineering Nagpur, India

Abstract
Oscillations in power system are major problem related to power system. These oscillations make the system unstable and
system may collapse. Unified Power Flow Controller is one of the facts device use to damp the oscillations. The proposed system
is studied for multi machine system. Simulation model is tested for three phase and single phase fault. The simulation is carried
on MATLAB/Simulink for two machine five bus systems.
Keywords: UPFC Model, Stability
________________________________________________________________________________________________________

I. INTRODUCTION

In recent few years ongoing expansion and growth in technology demand more reliable and effective operation of power system.
System instability is the major problem in power system .many Flexible AC transmission system (FACTS) devices are use to
reduce this problem. Depending upon the applications, appropriate FACTS devices were used for improving the steady state
stability and dynamic stability [1-3]. UPFC is the combination of both shunt and series controller. UPFC having the advantages
of both shunt and series controller .The UPFC is able to control all the parameters affecting power flow in transmission line i. e.
voltage, active and reactive power flow. UPFC is also able to damp oscillations in power system and improve transient stability
in the system [4]. In this paper UPFC is used for effectively damp the oscillations in power system[5].

II. UNIFIED POWER FLOW CONTROLLER

UPFC consist of two voltage source converters. Shunt converter works as STATCOM and series converter work as SSSC. The
basic configuration of UPFC is shown in fig 1.
Both the shunt and series converter use voltage source converter (VSC). VSC use GTO, IGBT etc., to synthesize the voltage
from dc voltage source.
The function of converter 1 is to provide the active power required by converter 2 via the common dc link capacitor as shown.
Converter 2 is linked in series through series transformer with the transmission line. The converter 2 controls the reactive and
real line flows in the line by the variation of the phase angle and magnitude of the added voltage generated by converter 2.
Converter 1 can also generate or absorb controllable reactive power if it is desired [7] [6].Therefore provide independent shunt
reactive compensation for the line. The basic principle of operation of UPFC was discussed by Gyugi and Hingorani.[7]

Fig. 1: Implementation of the UPFC by two back-to-back voltage source converters

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 Role of UPFC for Damping Power System Oscillations in Multi Machine System
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III. CASE STUDY

In this model of simple transmission system two hydrulik power plant connected to power grid is illustrated [6] .Two machines
five bus system which is interconnected system in loop configuration is simulated in this paper. UPFC is connected in between
the bus 2 and bus 3. Load is connected to bus3. The complete single line diagram of 2-machine power system with UPFC
controller is shown in figure 2.

Fig. 2: 2-Machine power system with UPFC controller

The UPFC located at the right end of line L2 is used to control the active and reactive powers at the 500-kV bus B3, as well as the
voltage at bus B_UPFC. It consists of a phasor model of two 100-MVA, IGBT-based, converters (one connected in shunt and one
connected in series and both interconnected through a DC bus on the DC side and to the AC power system, through coupling reactors
and transformers).

Case 1: Simulation model without UPFC without fault

This system is healthy system without any fault created in it. This is the stable system.

Fig. 3: Two machine five bus system models without UPFC

Case 2: Simulation model without UPFC with three phase fault.

In this model UPFC is not connected in the system and three phase fault is created.

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 Role of UPFC for Damping Power System Oscillations in Multi Machine System
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Fig. 4: Two machine five bus system model without UPFC

Case 3: Simulation model with UPFC with fault.

In this model UPFC is connected in between bus B2 and B3. Three phase fault is created simultaneously near bus B1.
Oscillations are observed in bus voltage B1 and power.
UPFC plays the role and damped out these oscillations. System will stable within small duration of time.

Fig. 6: Two machine five bus system model without UPFC

IV. SIMULATION AND RESULTS

System without fault without UPFC

Consider two machine five bus system without creating any fault the scope will show the results without oscillations. The active,
reactive power and voltages at different buses will be obtained in scope .results obtained in the scope are straight line without
any oscillations.

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 Role of UPFC for Damping Power System Oscillations in Multi Machine System
(IJSTE/ Volume 3 / Issue 07 / 002)

Fig. 7: Bus active power, reactive power and bus voltages at different buses without fault.

Three phase fault (without UPFC)

In two machines five bus systems if fault is created near bus B1 then results obtained in the scope is shown in fig7 which shows
system is unstable with oscillations in power and voltages.

Fig. 8: B1 bus voltage in p.u. and bus power without UPFC

Three phase fault (with UPFC)

During the fault if UPFC is applied then voltage becomes stable at 1.2 seconds and power becomes stable at 1.4 seconds.

Fig. 9: B1 bus voltage in p.u. and bus power with UPFC

V. CONCLUSION

It is clear from the results that the UPFC controller can effectively damp the power system oscillations. This paper presents the
effectiveness of the UPFC on power system stability improvement. Time required for damping power system oscillations is
much reduce when use UPFC and we get stabilize system in small duration of time. Results are shown for both three phase and

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 Role of UPFC for Damping Power System Oscillations in Multi Machine System
(IJSTE/ Volume 3 / Issue 07 / 002)

single phase fault .Oscillations are produce by creating three phase and single phase fault in transmission line .UPFC is able to
damp oscillations which are created by three phase and single phase fault both in a transmission line.

REFERENCES
[1] Hingorani N G, Flexible ac transmission, IEEE Spectrum, April, 40-45, 1993.
[2] M. Noroozian, L. Angquist, M. Ghandhari and G. Andersson, Use of UPFC for optimal power control, IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery vol. 12, No. 4, pp.
1629-1634, 1997.
[3] M. Ghandhahi, G.Adersson, I.A.Hiskens, Control Lyapunov functions for series devices, IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, vol. 16, No.4,pp 689-
694, 2005
[4] Guo, M. L. Crow, and Jagannathan Sarangapani, An Improved UPFC Control for Oscillation Damping, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, vol. 24,
No. 1, 2009.
[5] Mr. R. H. Adware, Prof. P. P. Jagtap and Dr. J.B. Helonde, power system oscillations Damping using UPFC damping controller Third International
Conference on Emerging Trends in Engineering and Technology, 340-344.

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