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3
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1.1. ............................................................. 5
1.1.1. .................................................................................................................................. 6
1.1.2. ........................................................................................................................................ 8
1.2. 2010 .................................................................. 8
2. 2010 ................................................................11
2.1. 2010 .............................................................................11
2.2. ...................................................................12
2.2.1. ..................................................................13
2.2.2. .......................................................16
2.2.3. - ...............................................17
2.3. .......................................................................................................21
2.3.1. ............................................................................21
2.3.2. ...............................................23
3. ...............................................................................................................25
3.1. .......................................................................................................27

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31

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August 2010), Russia Grain Export-Ban to Affect Some Egypt Imports)
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40

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( Wheat price hike increases poverty in Pakistan)
. (5 2008 ) ,
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www.ft.com/cms/s/0/d34b3606-abc2-11df-9f02-00144feabdc0.html#axzz1HEQTdbLS (Paarlberg, R. (19 August 2010) How Grain


Markets Sow the Spikes they Fear. The Financial Times).

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(Liefert, W., O. Liefert, and E. Serova (2009), Russias Transition to Major Player in World Agricultural Markets, Choices
Magazine)

47

24
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Programmatic Actions at a Country Level to Address High Food Prices)
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(http://blogs.reuters.com/global/2010/08/12/can-export-bans-be-challenged-at-the-wto/) (Can Export Bans Be Challenged at the WTO)


Foresight (2011), :
53

Foresight, : (The Future of Food and Farming: Challenges and


Choices for Global Sustainability, Foresight, London: The Government Office for Science)
27
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28

1Federal State Statistics Service of the Russian Federation (Reviewed in April 2011), Agricultural
Production Output by Type of Agricultural Farm, Moscow: FSSSRF.
2 Federal State Statistics Service of the Russian Federation (Reviewed in April 2011), Commodity

Structure of Imports of the Russian Federation (1995-2009), Moscow: FSSSRF.


3 Ibid.
4 Ibid.
5Liefert, W., O. Liefert, and E. Serova (2009) Russias Transition to Major Player in World
Agricultural Markets, Choices Magazine, Darien: Agricultural & Applied Economics Association.
6Serova, E. (2007), Vertical Integration in Russian Agriculture, Global Supply Chains, Standards
and the Poor: How the Globalization of Food Systems and Standards Affects Rural Development
and Poverty, Wallingford, England: CAB International.
7Liefert, W., O. Liefert, and E. Serova (2009) Russias Transition to Major Player in World
Agricultural Markets, Choices Magazine, Darien: Agricultural & Applied Economics Association.
8 For example, in phone interview and email exchange with Sergey Kisilev (April 2011).
9Federal State Statistics Service of the Russian Federation (Reviewed in April 2011) ), Commodity
Structure of Imports of the Russian Federation (1995-2009), Moscow: FSSSRF
10 Interview with Alberto Volpato, Agricultural Expert at EU Delegation to the Russian Federation

14th April 2011.


11 Ibid.
12United States Department of Agriculture: Foreign Agriculture Service (16th December, 2010),
Feed Sector Update, GAIN Report, Washington: USDA Foreign Agriculture Service, p2.
13Wegren, S. (2010) Private Farming in Russia: an Emerging Success? Post-Soviet Affairs, 26(1):
1-37, p.11.
14 Liefert, W., O. Liefert, and E. Serova (2009) Russias Transition to Major Player in World

Agricultural Markets, Choices Magazine, Darien: Agricultural & Applied Economics Association.
15 At the time of printing there are 28 roubles to 1 USD. All currency conversions in the document

used todays prices.


16
Government of Russia (January 2010), Food Security Doctrine of the Russian Federation,
Moscow (http://graph.document.kremlin.ru/page.aspx?1;1049708).
17 Wegren, S. (2009) Russian Agriculture in 2009: Continuity or Change? Eurasian Geography and

Economics, 50(4): 464-79. p.468.


18 Ibid., p.468.
19 Wegren, S. (2011) Food Security and Russia's 2010 Drought. Eurasian Geography and

Economics, 52(1): 140-56, p.144.


20United States Department of Agriculture: Foreign Agriculture Service (26th January 2011),
Agricultural Budget in 2010, GAIN Report, Washington: USDA Foreign Agricultural Service.
21Liefert, W., O. Liefert, and E. Serova (2009), Russias Transition to Major Player in World
Agricultural Markets, Choices Magazine, Darien: Agricultural & Applied Economics Association.
22 Telephone interview with Stephen Wegren (31 March 2011).
23 Hoerling, M. Russian Heatwave 2010, Earth Systems Research Laboratory, NOAA

www.esrl.noaa.gov/psd/csi/moscow2010/ (last accessed on 24th March 2010).


24 Russia Today (2010) Grain Speculation as Price Rise Prompts Intervention Comment, Russia

Today, 4 August.

29
25Wegren, S. (2011) Food Security and Russia's 2010 Drought, Eurasian Geography and
Economics, 52(1): 140-56, p.151.
26 Ibid.
27 United States Department of Agriculture: Foreign Agriculture Service (2010), Effects of the

Summer Fires and Droughts and Russian Agriculture, GAIN Report, Washington: USDA Foreign
Agriculture Service, p5.
28United States Department of Agriculture: Foreign Agriculture Service (2011). Russia Begins
Selling Intervention Grain, GAIN Report, USDA Foreign Agriculture Service.
29 Dimitri Rylko, General Director of IKAR (May 2011).
30Wegren, S. (2011) Food Security and Russia's 2010 Drought, Eurasian Geography and
Economics, 52(1): 140-56, p.11.
31 J. Dyomkin (2010) Russia warns speculators after food prices rise-WRAPUP 1,

www.forexyard.com/en/news/Russia-warns-speculators-after-food-prices-rise-2010-09-
02T120359Z-WRAPUP-1 (last accessed 4 September 2010).
32 Wright, B. and C. Cafiero (2011) Grain Reserves and Food Security in the Middle East and North

Africa, Food Security, 3(1): 61-76.


33A detailed month by month breakdown of food prices can be found on the Russian Federal State
Statistics Service website at www.gks.ru/dbscripts/Cbsd/DBInet.cgi#1. These numbers are based
on yearly averages that we calculated.
34 Ibid.
35For example, the BBC used buckwheat to demonstrate general price increases, Russians wary
as the cost of food rockets, http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-12569874 (last accessed June
2011). Similarly, Reuters, Buckwheat leads drought fuelled price spike,
http://uk.reuters.com/article/2010/09/06/uk-russia-cpi-idUKTRE6851WS20100906 (last accessed
June 2011) and Russia Today, Russians to buy buckwheat at caviar prices,
http://rt.com/news/prime-time/food-prices-soar-russia/, (last accessed June 2011).
36 United States Department of Agriculture: Foreign Agriculture Service (2010). Effects of the

Summer Fires and Droughts and Russian Agriculture, GAIN Report, USDA Foreign Agriculture
Service. p.2.
37United States Department of Agriculture: Foreign Agriculture Service (21 September, 2010).
Russian Federation Semi-Annual Food Shortages Accelerate Slaughter, GAIN Report,
Washington: USDA Foreign Agricultural Service, p6.
38
United States Department of Agriculture: Foreign Agriculture Service (April 2011), Agricultural
Development Program, GAIN Report, Washington: USDA Foreign Agricultural Service.
39 O. Galal, (2010), Russia Grain Export-Ban to Affect Some Egypt Imports,

www.bloomberg.com/news/2010-08-05/russia-grain-export-ban-to-affect-some-egypt-imports-state-
buyer-predicts.html (last accessed June 2011).
40Based on prices provided on Index Mundi,
(http://www.indexmundi.com/commodities/?commodity=wheat&months=12).
41 Dawn.com Pakistan (2011) Wheat price hike increases poverty in Pakistan,

www.dawn.com/2011/02/18/wheat-price-hike-increases-poverty-in-pakistan-wb.html (last accessed


May 2011).
42
N. Minot (2008) Implications of the Food Crisis for Long Term Agricultural Development,
www.ifpri.org/sites/default/files/publications/minot20080605.pdf (last accessed June 2011).
43 R. Paarlberg (2010) How Grain Markets Sow the Spikes they Fear, The Financial Times,

www.ft.com/cms/s/0/d34b3606-abc2-11df-9f02-00144feabdc0.html#axzz1HEQTdbLS (last
accessed June 2011).
44 Ibid.
45
This was suggested in a range of interviews that we conducted. There was a common view that
while the markets may complain they will ultimately buy from whomever is cheapest.

30
46 Liefert, W., O. Liefert, and E. Serova (2009), Russias Transition to Major Player in World

Agricultural Markets, Choices Magazine, Darien: Agricultural & Applied Economics Association.
47 Ibid.
48 This point is also made in Food and Agriculture Organization (2011), Guide for Policy and

Programmatic Actions at a Country Level to Address High Food Prices.


49Liefert, W., O. Liefert, and E. Serova (2009), Russias Transition to Major Player in World
Agricultural Markets, Choices Magazine, Darien: Agricultural & Applied Economics Association.
50United States Department of Agriculture: Foreign Agriculture Service (2010). Effects of the
Summer Fires and Droughts and Russian Agriculture, GAIN Report, Washington: USDA Foreign
Agriculture Service, p6.
51 Telephone interview with Stephen Wegren (31st March 2011).
52Reuters (2010), Can Export Bans Be Challenged at the WTO
http://blogs.reuters.com/global/2010/08/12/can-export-bans-be-challenged-at-the-wto/, (last
accessed June 2011).
53 Foresight (2011), The Future of Food and Farming: Challenges and Choices for Global

Sustainability, Foresight, London: The Government Office for Science.

31
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