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The five kinds all work roughly the same way: They thicken cervical mucus so
sperm cant enter the uterus to fertilize an egg. In the rare event that some
mighty swimmers do get past the cervix, the IUDs active ingredient (either
copper or synthetic progesterone) makes it more difficult for them to travel
through the uterus and tubes toward an egg.
Insertion is the same with all of them: not comfortable, exactly, but usually
manageable. But the devices have different amounts of hormones or none at
all and will change your periods in different ways. Among the hormonal IUDs,
the higher the hormone amount, the more likely it is that your period will stop
after six months to a year. Heres how they compare to each other.
ParaGard
The Old Faithful of IUDs, ParaGard is a non-hormonal option where copper acts
as the sperm deterrent. Its approved for ten years, but studies say its actually
effective for 12. Some women love the idea of birth control without hormones, but
if you have naturally heavy periods or if your doctor says you have
endometriosis, getting a copper IUD might make an already bad situation worse.
Keep in mind, too, that you might not remember what your period is like sans
hormones if, say, youve been on the pill for a decade, says Laura MacIsaac,
MD, MPH, FACOG, director of family planning at Mount Sinai Health Systems
and associate professor of obstetrics and gynecology at the Icahn School of
Medicine. The first three periods after a new ParaGard insertion can be pretty
bad. Just heavier and crampier. And then, [with] most women, their period gets
back to their baseline, Dr. MacIsaac says. But she points out that a heavy flow
doesnt happen to every woman some might not notice a difference.
2
Mirena
Mirena was initially approved for women whod already had children, but thats
just because those were the women recruited for the study submitted to the FDA.
Doctors prescribe it to women without kids all the time and, in fact, the American
College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists has recommended long-acting
reversible contraception as the first-line method for adolescents since 2012.
Where ParaGard can make periods worse, a hormonal IUD could help improve
painful periods in fact, Mirena is also FDA-approved for the treatment of heavy
menstrual bleeding, or menorrhagia. About 20 percentof women with a Mirena
see their period stop after a year, as do a third of women who use it longer.
Mirena is approved for five years but recent data says its effective for seven.
Liletta
This device is a pharmacologic equivalent to Mirena (it has the same total
amount of hormones), but was developed to be less expensive for women
visiting family planning clinics who are either on Medicaid or lack health
insurance. It costs providers $50 and they can pass on savings to their patients.
Its not technically a generic because it looks a little different and releases slightly
less hormone on a daily basis, though there is the same amount of hormone in
the device. Still, about the same number of women reported amenorrhea (no
periods) with Liletta as with Mirena (Lilettas rate is slightly higher after three
years).
Its currently approved for three years but the manufacturer will be
submitting five-year data to the FDA and will continue to study the same group of
women for seven years. Its possible that Liletta could last even longer than
Mirena since the daily release is lower, but only further research can prove that.
3
Skyla
This device is approved for three years and is specifically marketed to women
who havent had kids. Its smaller than Mirena, which makes it more appealing to
people who havent had their cervix dilated, but were talking about the difference
of a few millimeters, says Kristyn Brandi, MD, family planning fellow at Boston
Medical Center.
Kyleena
Best for: Women who want more than three years of use, and want to keep
menstruating.
Skip if: You dont have the patience to fight with your insurance.
Bayer, which manufactures Mirena and Skyla, developed this newest IUD which
became available in October. Kyleena is approved for use in women regardless
of whether theyve had kids. It releases fewer hormones than Mirena, but more
than Skyla, though it lasts the same amount of time as Mirena.
This device might be a better option for women who want five years of pregnancy
prevention but would rather get their period than not. In the approval
studies, about 12 percent of women stopped getting their periods after one year,
and 20 percent did after three years.
4
Heres a handy chart with the dosing and approval length for each IUD.
5
*Additional studies show that the devices are effective even longer than
originally approved for: 12 years for ParaGard, seven years for Mirena,
and five years for Liletta.
6
II. Patients Data
Name: Margie Blances Cordova, 22
y/old
Ward: 4
Birthdate: April 5, 1994
Religion: Catholic
V. Laboratory Examination
VI. Diagnostic Procedure
Intrauterine device insertion is an outpatient procedure that should be
performed by trained healthcare professionals. Intrauterine devices
(IUDs) are an effective and increasingly popular form of reversible
contraception. The increase in popularity has been attributed to their
efficacy, ease of reversibility, and patient satisfaction, with minimal
effort required for long-term use. IUDs are equivalent to tubal
sterilization at preventing pregnancy
Your doctor may have you feel for the IUD string right after
insertion, to be sure you know what it feels like.
If you are pregnant with an IUD in place you need to have a check
that the pregnancy is not ectopic (in the tubes). If you decide to
continue with the pregnancy the IUD needs to be removed to
decrease the risk of infection and miscarriage.
IX. Outcome/Evaluation
The IUD is most likely to work well for women who have been
pregnant before. Women who have never been pregnant are
more likely to have pain and cramping after the IUD is
inserted. They are also more likely to expel the IUD. But they
can still use the IUD.
Table of Contents
I. Introduction
II. Patients Data
III. Admitting Diagnosis
IV. Patients History/Past, Present
Illness
V. Laboratory Examination
VI. Diagnostic Procedure
VII. Pharmacologic Study
VIII. Plan of Care
IX. Outcome/Evaluation
Narrative
Report
In
Family
planning