Monday, June 27, 2011

CHAPTER 12

P.P.12.1 For the abc sequence, Van leads Vbn by 120 and Vbn leads Vcn by 120.

Hence, Van 110(30 120) 110150 V

Vcn 110(30 120) 11090V

P.P.12.2
(a) Vab Van Vbn 12030 120 - 90
Vab (103.92 j60) j120
Vab 207.860V

Alternatively, using the fact that Vab leads Van by 30 and has a
magnitude of 3 times that of Van ,
Vab 3 (120 )(30 30 ) 207.860V

Following the abc sequence,

Vbc 207.860V
Vca 207.8180V

Van
(b) Ia
Z

Z (0.4 j0.3) (24 j19) (0.6 j0.7)

Z 25 j20 3238.66

12030
Ia 3.75 - 8.66 A
3238.66

Following the abc sequence,

I b I a - 120 3.75 - 128.66 A
I c I a - 240 3.75111.34A
P.P.12.3
The phase currents are
V 120 - 20
I AB AB 660 A
Z 2040

I BC I AB - 120 6180 A

I CA I AB 120 660 A

The line currents are

I a I AB 3 - 30 6 3 - 90 10.39290 A

I b I a - 120 10.392150 A

I c I a 120 10.39230 A

P.P.12.4 In a delta load, the phase current leads the line current by 30 and has a
1
magnitude times that of the line current. Hence,
3
Ia 9.609
I AB 30 65 5.54865 A
3 3

Z 18 j12 21.6333.69

V AB I AB Z (5.54865)( 21.6333.69 )
VAB 12098.69 V

P.P.12.5 Z Y 12 j15 19.2151.34

After converting the -connected source to a Y-connected source,

240
Van (150 30) 138.56 - 15
3

Van 138.56 - 15
Ia 7.21 - 66.34 A
Z Y 19.2151.34

I b I a - 120 7.21173.66 A
I c I a 120 7.2153.66 A
P.P.12.6
For the source,
S 3 Vp I*p (3)(120 30 )(3.75 8.66 )
S 135038.66 [1.054.2 j0.8433] kVA

For the load,

2
S 3 Ip Z

where Z 24 j19 30.6138.37

I p 3.75 - 8.66

S (3)(3.75) 2 (30.6138.37)
S 1291.3638.37 [1.012+j0.8016] kVA

P 30 10 3
P.P.12.7 P S cos
S 35.29 kVA
cos 0.85

S 35.29 10 3
S 3 VL I L
I L 46.31 A
3 VL 3 (440)

Alternatively,
30 10 3 440
Pp 10 kW , Vp V
3 3

Pp Vp I p cos

Pp (10 10 3 ) 3
Ip = 46.31 A
Vp cos (440)(0.85)

P.P.12.8
(a) For load 1,
VL 840
Vp
3 3

Va 8400 1
I a1 9.7 - 53.13
Zp 3 30 j40

2
Vrms (840) 2
S1 14.112 53.13 kVA
Z* 50 - 53.15
 For load 2,
P2 48
S2 60 kVA
cos 2 0.8

Q 2 S 2 sin 2 (60)(0.6) 36 kVAR

S 2 48 j36 kVA

S = S 1 + S 2 = [56.47 + j47.29] kVA

S 73.6539.94 kVA

with pf cos(39.94) 0.7667

(b) Q c P (tan old tan new )

Q c (56.47)(tan 39.94 tan 0) 47.29 kVAR

For each capacitor, the rating is 15.76 kVAR

(c) At unity pf, S P 56.47 kVA

S 56470
IL 38.81 A
3 VL 3 (840)

P.P.12.9
The phase currents are
V 4400
I AB AB 39.3526.56 = 35.2+j17.595
Z AB 10 j5

VBC 440 - 120

I BC 27.5 - 120 -13.75 j23.82
Z BC 16

VCA 440120
I CA 4483.13 = 5.263+j43.68
Z CA 8 j6

The line currents are

I a = I AB I CA = (35.2+j17.595) (5.263+j43.68)
= 29.94j26.08 = 39.7141.06 A.
I b = I BC I AB = 48.95j41.42 = 64.12139.8 A.
I c = I CA I BC = 19.013+j67.5 = 70.1374.27 A.
P.P.12.10
The phase currents are
220 0
I AB j44
- j5

220 0
I BC 22 30
j10

220120
I CA 22 - 120
10

The line currents are

I a I AB I CA ( j44) (-11 j19.05)
I a 11 j63.05 6480.1 A

I b I BC I AB (19.05 j11) ( j44)

I b 19.05 j33 38.1 - 60 A

I c I CA I BC (-11 j19.05) (19.05 j11)

I c -30.05 j30.05 42.5225 A

The real power is absorbed by the resistive load

2
P I CA (10) (22) 2 (10) 4.84 kW

P.P.12.11 The schematic is shown below. First, use the AC Sweep option of the
Analysis Setup. Choose a Linear sweep type with the following Sweep Parameters :
Total Pts = 1, Start Freq = 100, and End Freq = 100. Once the circuit is saved and
simulated, we obtain an output file whose contents include the following results.

FREQ IM(V_PRINT1) IP(V_PRINT1)

1.000E+02 8.547E+00 -9.127E+01

FREQ VM(A,N) VP(A,N)

1.000E+02 1.009E+02 6.087E+01

From this we obtain,

Van 100.960.87 V , I bB 8.547 - 91.27 A

P.P.12.12 The schematic is shown below.

In this case, we may assume that 1 rad / s , so that f 1 2 0.1592 Hz . Hence,

L X L 10 and C 1 X c 0.1 .
Use the AC Sweep option of the Analysis Setup. Choose a Linear sweep type with the
following Sweep Parameters : Total Pts = 1, Start Freq = 0.1592, and End Freq =
0.1592. Once the circuit is saved and simulated, we obtain an output file whose contents
include the following results.

FREQ IM(V_PRINT1) IP(V_PRINT1)

1.592E-01 3.724E+01 8.379E+01

FREQ IM(V_PRINT2) IP(V_PRINT2)

1.592E-01 1.555E+01 -7.501E+01

FREQ IM(V_PRINT3) IP(V_PRINT3)

1.592E-01 2.468E+01 -9.000E+01

From this we obtain,

I ca 24.68 - 90 A I cC 37.2583.79 A I AB = 15.5575.01A

P.P.12.13
(a) If point o is connected to point B, P2 0 W
P1 Re ( VAB I *a )
P1 ( 440 )(39.71) cos( 0 41.06) 13.175kW

P3 Re (VCB I *c )
where VCB -VBC 240(-120 180) 24060

P3 (440)(70.13) cos(60 74.27) 29.91kW

(b) Total power is = (13.175+29.91) kW = 43.08 kW.

P.P.12.14 VL 208 V , P1 -560 W , P2 800 W

(a) PT P1 P2 -560 800 240 W

(b) Q T 3 ( P2 P1 ) 3 (800 560 ) 2.356 kVAR

Q T 2355.6
(c) tan 9.815 84.18
PT 240
pf cos 0.1014 (lagging / inductive)
It is inductive because P2 P1
(d) For a Y-connected load,
 VL 208
Ip IL , Vp 120 V
3 3

80
Pp Vp I p cos
I p 6.575 A
(120)(0.1014)

Vp 120
Zp 18.25
Ip 6.575
Z p Z p 18.25 84.18

The impedance is inductive.

P.P.12.15 Z 30 j40 50 - 53.13

The equivalent Y-connected load is

Z
Z Y 16.67 - 53.13
3
440
Vp 254 V
3
Vp 254
IL 15.24
ZY 16.67

P1 VL I L cos( 30)
P1 ( 440 )(15.24) cos( -53.13 30) 6.167 kW

P2 VL I L cos( 30)
P2 (440)(15.24) cos(-53.13 30) 802.1W

PT P1 P2 6.969 kW

Q T 3 (P2 P1 ) 3 (802.1 6167 )

Q T - 9.292 kVAR