SPACE RADIO MONITORING STATION LEEHEIM

Station Handbook

Issue: November 2008

1
Table of contents

1 Descriptive Specifications of the Space Radio Monitoring Station.................................. 3

1.1 General Description...........................................................................................................................3
1.2 Functions ...........................................................................................................................................3
1.2.1 As an aid for planning and coordination..................................................................................3
1.2.2 As a tool for satellite positioning and operation ......................................................................3
1.2.3 Detection of uplink interferers .................................................................................................3
1.3 System Characteristics......................................................................................................................4
1.3.1 Antenna 1................................................................................................................................4
1.3.2 Antenna 2................................................................................................................................4
1.3.3 Antenna 3................................................................................................................................4
1.3.4 Antenna 4................................................................................................................................5
1.3.5 Antenna 5................................................................................................................................5
1.3.6 Omnidirectional Antennas .......................................................................................................5
1.3.7 Computer Controlled Antenna Tracking..................................................................................5
1.3.8 Antenna Parameters ...............................................................................................................5
1.3.9 Transmitter Location System (TLS) ........................................................................................5
1.3.10 Reference Transmitter for the TLS .........................................................................................5
1.3.11 Frequency Range....................................................................................................................6
1.3.12 Frequency Spectrum Recorder...............................................................................................6
1.3.13 Device For Measurements Below The Noise Floor ................................................................6
1.4 Measurement Parameters.................................................................................................................6
2 Tasks ...................................................................................................................................... 7
2.1 Spectrum Occupancy Monitoring ......................................................................................................7
2.2 Position Measurements.....................................................................................................................7
2.3 Interference Measurements ..............................................................................................................7
2.4 Pre-Launch Monitoring ......................................................................................................................7
3 Working Hours ....................................................................................................................... 8
4 Contact Address .................................................................................................................... 8
5 Annexes List .......................................................................................................................... 9
Annex 1 Antenna Parameters ................................................................................................................10
Annex 2 Request for Measurements ......................................................................................................11
Annex 3 Essential Parameters for Transmitter Location ........................................................................12
Annex 4 Example Frequency Atlas ........................................................................................................14
Annex 5a Example Spectrum ...................................................................................................................15
Annex 5b Example Spectrum ...................................................................................................................16
Annex 6 Example Spectrum Measured Below the Noise Floor .............................................................17
Annex 7 Example Spectrogram of an Emission of a Low Earth Orbiting Satellite .................................18
Annex 8 Example Sub-Satellite Tracks in the Geographical Grid..........................................................19
Annex 9 Example Result of a Transmitter Location Measurement ........................................................20

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1 Descriptive Specifications of the Space Radio Monitoring Station

1.1 General Description

The Space Radio Monitoring Station Leeheim belongs to the Bundesnetzagentur fr Elektrizitt, Gas,
Telekommunikation, Post und Eisenbahnen (Federal Network Agency for Electricity, Gas,
Telecommunications, Posts and Railways) or in short Bundesnetzagentur / Federal Network
Agency.

The Agency's responsibilities include spectrum management and spectrum monitoring. The
Monitoring Station Leeheim is located at the river Rhine approximately 35 kilometres south-west of
Frankfurt/Main. Its full motion antennas of up to 12 metres in diameter are pointed towards satellites
in space. These antennas do not serve commercial transmission purposes. They form the heart of an
installation used to monitor the frequency spectrum allocated to space radio services and to detect
interference on frequencies used for satellite communications.

1.2 Functions

1.2.1 As an aid for planning and coordination

General orbit observations reveal the actual use of the frequency spectrum for space services. This
includes satellite transponder occupancy measurements and the determination of orbital positions in
the geostationary orbit.

Specific frequency occupancy observations, for example in conjunction with radio frequency
coordination procedures, enable potential interference to be detected early during the planning stage
of satellite systems.
Field experiments can support the optimization of theoretical models that facilitate the shared use of
frequencies by space and terrestrial services.

1.2.2 As a tool for satellite positioning and operation

Pre-launch observations on telemetry and tracking frequencies guarantee the successful positioning
of geostationary satellites.
Monitoring satellite emissions, transponder occupancy and satellite positions is an indispensable tool
which enables the competent authorities to check whether a satellites is operated as advance
published, coordinated and notified internationally.
Interference handling allows sources of harmful interference being detected which otherwise would
continue to hinder proper operation of satellite or terrestrial radio services.

1.2.3 Detection of uplink interferers

Cases of up-link interference, i.e. not a satellite is the source of interference but a satellite is the
victim, appear more and more. Since users have obtained direct access to satellite capacities, the
number of earth stations has risen rapidly. Earth stations are the major source of up-link interference.
It can be caused by both technical and operational faults. Illicit uses of satellite transponders and
cases of intentional interference to transponders have also been observed. Authorities, operators and
users have to cope with this situation.
The monitoring system locates interferers by receiving their signals on 2 different paths, i.e. via the
interfered satellite and a neighbouring satellite. The time difference and the frequency difference of
the signals received at Leeheim are processed to obtain the geographical co-ordinates of the
transmitter. As soon as the location of the interferer is known, the interference can normally be swiftly
eliminated.

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1.3 System Characteristics

Location: 4951'13" N 0823'50" E

Visible Geostationary Arc: 67 W to 83 E

Antenna
4
Antenna
1
Antenna
2
Antenna
3

1.5 - 2.3 GHz

1 - 26.5 3.2 - 4.2 130 MHz - 4.3 - 8.5 GHz
GHz GHz 1 GHz 10.7 - 12.75 GHz

1.3.1 Antenna 1
Antenna 1, a 12 m Cassegrain-Beam-Waveguide-Antenna is a broadband antenna designed to cover
the 1.0 - 13 GHz frequency range. Rather narrow feeds with optimized characteristics at 1.5 - 1.8 GHz
and 2.1 - 2.3 GHz as well as at 10.7 - 12.75 GHz are a pre-requisite for the so-called monopulse
tracking for high precision antenna pointing. An adjustable rotary reflector and a slide mounted feed
allow switching between the frequency bands.
The rather wide 4.3 - 8.5 GHz frequency slot of Antenna 1 does not allow for monopulse tracking.
However, it disposes of accurate computer controlled position tracking capability in all frequency
bands.

1.3.2 Antenna 2
Antenna 2 is a Cassegrain-Antenna with a narrow band feed in the frequency range 3.2 4.2 GHz
with a diameter of 8.5 m. This antenna has a limited operational availability at the moment.

1.3.3 Antenna 3
Antenna 3, consisting of a square of 2.4 m * 2.4 m, is composed of 3 sectors of dipole arrays of
different size covering in total the frequency band from 130 - 1000 MHz.

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1.3.4 Antenna 4
Antenna 4, a 7 m Prime-Focus-Antenna is a multi band antenna covering the range from
1 - 26.5 GHz. This range consists of eight sub-bands each of which overlaps slightly with the
neighbouring sub-bands. The corresponding feed systems are partly of cross dipole and partly of horn
type. The feed assembly is placed in the focus of the parabolic reflector. The assignment to a certain
sub-band is accomplished by rotating the assembly.
This is an X-Y-mounted antenna, especially suitable for non-geostationary satellites travelling
overhead.

1.3.5 Antenna 5
Antenna 5, a 3 m Prime-Focus-Antenna with a broadband logarithmic periodic feed 1 - 26.5 GHz, is
mainly used in the Ka-Band from 17.7 - 21.2 GHz. The antenna is mounted as a King-Post-Antenna
only for geostationary arc. This antenna is operational in 2009.

1.3.6 Omnidirectional Antennas

The Station disposes also of omni-directional antennas to observe simultaneously all emissions from
the sky in a certain frequency band, e.g. of a multi-satellite system. The frequency range is
100 - 2500 MHz.

1.3.7 Computer Controlled Antenna Tracking

Computer controlled antenna tracking of the Antennas 1, 3 and 4 allows to follow geostationary or
non-geostationary satellites by means of the so-called Two Line Elements (TLE).

1.3.8 Antenna Parameters

A summary of the parameters of the Antennas 1 - 5 is shown in Annex 1.

1.3.9 Transmitter Location System (TLS)

The transmitter location system is designed to identify the location of radio transmitters on Earth. The
concept is to find the parameters of the triangle between the wanted transmitter and two satellites by
means of time and frequency measurements. The system works via two monitoring antennas both
operating in the same frequency bands.
Either the combination of Antenna 1 with Antenna 4 or of the combination of Antenna 2 with
Antenna 4 or of the combination of Antenna 5 with Antenna 4 along with the interfered and an
adjacent satellite form the measurement constellation.
For transmitter location the input parameters enlisted in Annex 3 are required.

1.3.10 Reference Transmitter for the TLS

The 4 Reference Transmitter units transmit reference emissions for the TLS system and can also be
used as a calibrator for the correction for the satellite orbital elements. This permits the performance
of self-contained measurements which do not have to rely on possibly insufficient orbital data and
external reference emissions. The transmitters can also be operated mobile within Germany.
The uplink frequency ranges are:
C-Band: 5850 - 6850 MHz, Ku-Band: 12750 - 14500 MHz, K-Band: 17300 - 18400 MHz

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1.3.11 Frequency Range
The frequency range of the Station extends from 130 MHz - 26.5 GHz without any gap.
TLS operation is limited to frequencies available at the Antennas 1, 2 and 5. They cover all the bands
of the Fixed Satellite Service (Space-to-Earth) up to 21.2 GHz. In detail the frequency bands are: 1.5
- 1.8 / 2.1 - 2.3 / 3.2 - 4.2 / 4.3 - 8.5 / 10.7 - 12.75 / 17.7 - 21.2 GHz

1.3.12 Frequency Spectrum Recorder

The frequency spectrum recorder can be connected to any antenna of the Station. Six frequency
bands of up to widths of 100 MHz each can be chosen freely. The spectra of these bands can be
scanned quasi simultaneously in a time sharing mode.
The result of a registration session is a so-called spectrogram as depicted in Annex 7.

1.3.13 Device For Measurements Below The Noise Floor

To measure emissions of low power flux densities a monitoring method is available where the noise
floor can be suppressed by typically 12 to 15 dB. This is achieved by multiple measurements of
successive spectra, signal digitizing and processing. This device allows displaying spectra below the
noise floor up to 100 MHz wide. An example spectrum is shown in Annex 6.

1.4 Measurement Parameters

The station can measure or determine emission characteristics such as:

Frequency
Doppler frequency shift
Spectrum and bandwidth
Class of emission and type of modulation
Polarization
Power flux density in the reference bandwidth
Total power flux density
EIRP
In case of TV emissions:
Sound sub carrier frequencies
Coding
Program sources etc.

Due to sufficient angular velocities of the 4 antennas in azimuth and elevation these parameters can
be measured even in conjunction with non-geostationary satellites.
The station can measure and record orbital tracks in the frequency range 1.5 - 1.8 GHz; 2.1 - 2.3 GHz
and 10.75 - 12.75 GHz with monopulse tracking.

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2 Tasks

2.1 Spectrum Occupancy Monitoring

Monitoring the spectrum occupancy means to systematically observe the radio frequency spectrum in
order to achieve the following objectives:
To identify the basic characteristics of all discoverable emissions from space stations.
To determine whether limits are exceeded or whether there are deviations from the
internationally published, co-ordinated and/or notified data.
To derive the data of the actual occupancy of the frequency bands by space stations.
To obtain the data of the actual occupancy of the geostationary orbit positions by space
stations.
The results are stored in a database and complemented with spectrum prints for each monitored
emission or for an assembly thereof. In this format (frequency atlas: Annex 4) the results can be used
for comparison with the internationally filed, co-ordinated and notified parameters. These
measurements can be done for the geostationary and the non-geostationary orbit.

2.2 Position Measurements

In cases where the inclination or ellipticity of a satellite orbit may cause interference to a neighbouring
satellite, the trace of the occupied position has to be measured. This is done with monopulse-tracking
over a 24 hour period. The trace of the occupied position is given in geographical coordinates (the
sub-satellite point) or in a celestial grid: Annex 8.

2.3 Interference Measurements

When interference is reported a clear analysis of the reported data is required. Initial measurements
may confirm the report or my require modification of the reported data. In principle, there are two
possibilities. Either the source of interference is in space or it is on Earth.
In the case the source of interference is in space, there are two possibilities again. Either a known
satellite emits a signal not complying with the publication, co-ordination and/or notification, or an
unknown satellite is the source. For identification of the interfering source in space, similar
measurements are necessary as for occupancy monitoring, although the goal is different.
In the case of an interferer on Earth that appears in the downlink of a satellite, transmitter location
measurements are required.

2.4 Pre-Launch Monitoring

During the pre-phase of the launch of a satellite the frequencies used for telemetry, telecommand and
tracking are monitored with respect to the planned orbit.
The measurement results facilitate a safer launch and a safer positioning of the satellite.

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3 Working Hours

The regular hours of service at Leeheim Monitoring Station are as follows:

Mondays to Thursdays 0800 hours - 1600 hours local time

Fridays 0800 hours - 1500 hours local time

Due to flexitime the station may also be manned outside these hours.

Leeheim Monitoring Station is not attended on public holidays.

4 Contact Address

Bundesnetzagentur
Space Radio Monitoring Station Leeheim
Satelliten-Messstelle
D 64560 Riedstadt, Germany

During the regular working hours the station can be contacted through the following communication
details:

phone: +49 6158 940-0

fax: +49 6158 940-180
email: Space.Monitoring@BNetzA.de

Outside the regular working hours, instructions on how to reach an operator are given on the
answering machine.

Contact Persons:

Klaus Mecher
phone: +49 6131 18-5126
fax: +49 6131 18-5612
email: Klaus.Mecher@BNetzA.de

Harald Hellwig
phone: +49 6158 940-209
fax: +49 6158 940-180
email: Harald.Hellwig@BNetzA.de

Peter Steiner
phone: +49 6158 940-218
fax: +49 6158 940-180
email: Peter.Steiner@BNetzA.de

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5 Annexes List

Annex 1 ANTENNA PARAMETERS Monitoring Station Leeheim

Annex 2 Form: REQUEST FOR MEASUREMENT
Annex 3 Form: ESSENTIAL PARAMETERS for Transmitter Location Measurements
Annex 4 FREQUENCY ATLAS containing a list of measured figures of parameters
Annex 5a/b SPECTRA provided by analysers
Annex 6 SPECTRA provided by the device for measurements below the noise floor.
Annex 7 SPECTROGRAMS as output from the frequency spectrum recorder
Annex 8 SUB-SATELLITE TRACK of a satellite in geographical coordinates
Annex 9 Result of a TRANSMITTER LOCATION MEASUREMENT with geographical maps

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Annex 1 Antenna Parameters

SPACE RADIO MONITORING STATION LEEHEIM

Parameter Antenna 1 Antenna 2** Antenna 3 Antenna 4 Antenna 5***

Frequency- 1.5- 2.1- 4.3 - 10.7 - 3.2 - 0.13 - 0.25 - 0.5 - 1.0 - 1.9 - 3.2 - 4.3 - 7.2 - 9.9 - 12.5 - 17.3 -
17.7 - 21.2
Band (GHz) 1.8 2.3 8.5 12.75 4.2 0.25 0.5 1.0 2.0 3.3 4.4 7.3 10.1 12.75 17.7 26.5
Full Motion Az/El Full Motion King-Post
Antenna Full Motion Az/El
Cassegrain Az/El, Full Motion, XY-Mount, Prime Focus Az/El,
Type Planar Dipole Array
Beam Waveguide Cassegrain Prime Focus
Antenna Size 12 m 8.5 m 4 m2 2 m2 2 m2 7m 3m
LX, LY LX, LY LX, LY LX, LY LX, LY LX, LY LX, LY LX, LY
LX LX RHC LX, LX,
Polarization RHC RHC LX, LY LX, LY LX, LY RHC RHC RHC RHC RHC, RHC LX, LY
LY LY LHC LY LY
LHC LHC LHC LHC LHC LHC LHC LHC
Polarization
no no yes yes no no yes yes
Adjustment
Antenna
44 47 49-56 61-62 48-50 8-11 10-14 14-18 34-39 40-45 45-47 4750 51-54 5456 56-57 58-59 47-50
Gain (dBi)

G/T (dBK-1) 22 25 27-33 39-41 25-29 - 15-19 20-23 24-26 26-28 29-31 32-33 32-33 34-33 19-21

Angle Az. 16/s Az. 5/s Az. 10/s X axle: 3.5/s Az. 0.5/s
Velocity El. 3.5/s El. 5/s El. 10/s Y axle: 3.5/s El. 0.5/s
Acceleration 10/s2 5/s2 10/s2 3.5/s2
Mono- Mono-
Antenna pulse- no pulse-
Track Track Manually Manually, Program Track Manually, Program Track Manually
Tracking
Manually, Program-Track
Level
1.6 dB not 1.6 dB 1.6 dB
Uncertainty not applicable
(95% Confidence Level) applicable (95% Confidence Level) (95% Confidence Level)
rss* Error
Frequency
1*10-12 (rubidium standard)
Uncertainty

*rss = root sum square

** Limited operational availability
***Operational in 2009

10
Annex 2 REQUEST FOR MEASUREMENTS

Addressee: Space Radio Monitoring Submitter :

Station Leeheim Name :
Date :
Time (UTC) :
Ref.-Nr. :
Mail: Space.Monitoring@bnetza.de Mail :
Telephone: +49 6158 940-0 Telephone :
Telefax: +49 6158 940-180 Telefax :

URGENT ( YES / NO )
Impact on Service ( YES / NO )

Part A Data of the interferer

Name of the station or characteristics
which may facilitate the identification
Frequency [MHz]
Type of transmission
Bandwidth [kHz]
Field strength / power flux density
Polarisation
Time of interference
Other details
Further enclosed information (Annex)
Remarks:

Part B Data on the interfered station

Name of the station
Assigned frequency [MHz]
Type of transmission
Bandwidth [kHz]
Other details (e.g. time of occurrence))
Further enclosed information (Annex)
Remarks:

11
 Annex 3 Essential Parameters for Transmitter Location - Page 1

Unit to be completed
1 Type of interferer at the time of submission of data:
Interfering 2 Interferer frequency in the uplink: MHz
Signal 3 Interferer polarisation in the uplink:
4 Interferer bandwidth: kHz
5 Name of the interfered satellite (as ITU filing):
6 Norad Number of space craft:
7 Nominal orbit position: Degree
8 Satellite operator (responsible for the detailed information):
9 Interfered transponder: Number
10 Centre frequency of transponder in the uplink: MHz
Interfered
Satellite 11 Frequency range of transponder in the uplink: MHz
12 Polarization of transponder in the uplink:
13 dB-contours of service area in which the interferer is uplinked: Annex No.
14 Centre frequency of transponder in the downlink: MHz
15 Frequency range of transponder in the downlink: MHz
16 Polarization of transponder in the downlink:
17 dB-contours of service area in which the interferer is downlinked: Annex No.
18 Epoch as close as possible to the intended measurement date: Date/Time
19 Semi Major Axis: Meter
20 Eccentricity:
21 Inclination: Degree
Interfered
22 Right Ascension of the Ascending Node (RAAN):
Satellite
23 Argument of Perigee: Degree
Orbital Data 24 either Mean Anomaly: Degree
25 or Longitude at Epoch: Degree
26 Date of next expected orbit manoeuvre: Date/Time
27 Ephemeris Type (Cartesian/Classical/EutelSatOsc/TLE)
28 Coordinate System (ECF/J2000/MeanOfDate/MeanOfEpoch.)
29 Name of the interfered satellite (as ITU filing):
30 Norad Number of space craft:
31 Nominal orbit position: Degree
32 Satellite operator (responsible for the detailed information):
33 Interfered transponder: No.
34 Centre frequency of transponder in the uplink: MHz
Adjacent
Satellite 35 Frequency range of transponder in the uplink: MHz
36 Polarization of transponder in the uplink:
37 dB-contours of service area in which the interferer is uplinked: Annex No.
38 Centre frequency of transponder in the downlink: MHz
39 Frequency range of transponder in the downlink: MHz
40 Polarization of transponder in the downlink:
41 dB-contours of service area in which the interferer is downlinked: Annex No.
42 Epoch as close as possible to the intended measurement date: Date/Time
43 Semi Major Axis: Meter
44 Eccentricity:
Adjacent 45 Inclination: Degree
Satellite 46 Right Ascension of the Ascending Node (RAAN):
47 Argument of Perigee: Degree
Orbital Data 48 either Mean Anomaly: Degree
49 or Longitude at Epoch: Degree
50 Date of next expected orbit manoeuvre: Date/Time
51 Ephemeris Type (Cartesian/Classical/EutelSatOsc/TLE)
52 Coordinate System (ECF/J2000/MeanOfDate/MeanOfEpoch.)

Continued on the next page with Reference Station Data

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Essential Parameters for Transmitter Location - Page 2

Reference Stations
Which transmit continuously in the same uplink coverage and the same transponder as the interferer, with the
same polarisation. The antenna diameter should be as small as possible.

Unit Reference 1 Reference 2

53 Uplink centre frequency of reference transmission: MHz
54 Bandwidth: kHz
55 Type of modulation:
56 Downlink centre frequency via interfered satellite: MHz
Reference 57 Downlink centre frequency via adjacent satellite: MHz
Stations 58 Antenna diameter: Meter
59 Geographical longitude of the antenna site:
60 Geographical latitude of the antenna site:
61 Geographical information exactly or roughly:
62 Town within which the site is located:
63 Country within which the site is located:
Unit Reference 3 Reference 4
64 Uplink centre frequency of reference transmission: MHz
65 Bandwidth: kHz
66 Type of modulation:
67 Downlink centre frequency via interfered satellite: MHz
Reference 68 Downlink centre frequency via adjacent satellite: MHz
Stations 69 Antenna diameter: Meter
70 Geographical longitude of the antenna site:
71 Geographical latitude of the antenna site:
72 Geographical information exactly or roughly:
73 Town within which the site is located:
74 Country within which the site is located:

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Annex 4 Example Frequency Atlas

OBSERVATION AND MEASUREMENT RESULTS

Station identification Position results

<1> space station: XYXYXYSAT-1R <110> <190> date of <191>
orbital elevation remark monitoring distance
<2> responsible Administration: XYZ
position [] Leeheim [] YYMMDD [km]
<3> nominal position: 15,5E 15,5E 32,47

<115> <116> <117> <118> <119> <131> observation/

remarks

remarks

remarks

remarks

remarks

Annex

Annex
signal

frequency bandwidth PFD EIRP polari- occu- spectra registration

[MHz] emission [dBW] [dBW] sation pancy YYMMDD:HHMM YYMMDD-MMDD
A 2210,000 1M00
O 2210,000 4499 100M 599 -152,0 4699 L-X 040421-0422
O 2210,000 4499 100M 599 -152,0 4699 L-Y 040420-0421
A 2218,500 1M00
O 2218,500 4499 100M 599 -152,0 4699 L-X 040421-0422
O 2218,500 4499 100M 599 -152,0 4699 L-Y 040420-0421
A 2281,000 1M00
O 2281,000 4499 100M 599 -152,0 4699 L-X 040421-0422
O 2281,000 4499 100M 599 -152,0 4699 L-Y 040420-0421
A 2288,000 1M00
O 2288,000 4499 100M 599 -152,0 4699 L-X 040421-0422
O 2288,000 4499 100M 599 -152,0 4699 L-Y 040420-0421
A=assigned, M=measured, O=observed, B=assigned beacon; N=no assignment

Extract of legend:
Generally applicable provisions
The term "assigned" is always used if details of the space station observed are recorded in ITU publications and if the measured
characteristics can be matched with the published characteristics. This term is used independently of the actual circumstances.
If the same position has been assigned to several space stations and .
.
Meaning of the weighting code
Each of the rows comprising the measurement and XXXX
observation results contains additional columns headed
Remarks" after the following columns:
3-digit code group indicating the standard formulation
<110> Position interpreting the measurement result as contained in Annex 1.
<115> Frequency
<116> Bandwidth of emission and emission Origin of the measured value. This is not indicated for
characteristics a bandwidth measurement value entered under <<116>>
<117> PFD in reference bandwidth since it always originates from an individual measurement.
<118> EIRP
<119> Polarisation Code Meaning
<1> Name of space station 1 Measured value in general
The name indicated is that specified under <1>. Any 2 Individual measurement
unknown space stations are allocated the designation 3 Observation
UNKNOWN supplemented with a fictitious nominal 4 Registration
5 -
position. 6 -
<2> Responsible Administration 7 Assigned frequency
<8> Nominal geographical longitude of the 8 -
geostationary satellite orbit, in degrees. Negative and 9 -
positive values denote positions to the west and to the
east of the Greenwich meridian respectively.. Fig. 1

End of extract! The legend may extend over several pages as required.

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Annex 5a Example Spectrum

Space Radio Monitoring Station Leeheim

Spectrum Analysis

Name/Callsign of Station : Example

Assigned Frequency :
Designation of emission :

-110

-115
Readout Analizer [dBm]

-120

-125

-130

-135

-140
12566,300

12566,500

12566,700

12566,900

12567,100

12567,300

12567,500

12567,700

12567,900

12568,100

12568,300

Frequency [MHz]

Date, Time : 21.11.2005 08:24:49 [UTC]

Analizer: R&S, FSIQ26
Centre Frequency: 12567,300 MHz, Span: 2 MHz
Resolution Bandwith: 3 kHz, Video Bandwith: 10 kHz, Sweep Time: 0,6006 sec
Detector: RMS, Trace Operation: Clear/Write

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Annex 5b Example Spectrum

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Annex 6 Example Spectrum Measured Below the Noise Floor

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Annex 7 Example Spectrogram of an Emission of a Low Earth Orbiting Satellite

Note: The legend for terms in German language are given in Annex (not attached here)

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Annex 8 Example Sub-Satellite Tracks in the Geographical Grid

Measured by means of monopulse tracking Visualized from ephemeris data

-1

-2

Enlarged

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Annex 9 Example Result of a Transmitter Location Measurement

GROUND BASED GEOLOCATION REPORT - Page 1

DATE OF REPORT DOCUMENT

14/11/2008 14:01 REFERENCE
NUMBER

SCENERIO
C 203/00011/07
Operational
satID System

GROUND BASED GEOLOCATION REPORT

REPORT ORIGINATOR : satID - System RELATED DOCUMENTS :
GEOLOCATION OPERATOR: Monitoring Station Leeheim
SESSION REFERENCE : 07-04-17_ASTRA
SAMPLE NUMBER : 109 taken on 25/04/2007 at 13:08:16
SAMPLE BANDWIDTH : 300 kHz
SAMPLERATE: 377.812500 kHz
SAMPLE LENGTH: 2.775387 Seconds
NUMBER OF BLOCKS : 32

LOCATION RESULT (Lat, Lon, or state if not resolved) : 50.981N 6.885E

LOCATION MAP DISPLAY :

See attached maps

MAIN SATELLITE : ADJACENT SATELLITE :

Name: ASTRA3A Name: W2

Transponder Number: G21 Transponder Number: F5
Orbital Location : 23.5 E Orbital Location : 16.0 E
Uplink Polarisation:
TARGET SIGNAL DETAILS : REFERENCE SIGNAL DETAILS :

Satellite: ASTRA3A Name: ASTR3A-2

Uplink Frequency: 14191.250 MHz Satellite: W2
Uplink Frequency: 14201.000 MHz
Tar. DTO: -0.993888 ms Signal Bandwidth: 300.000 KHz
Tar. DFO: 3.472942 Hz Known Location (Lat, Lon): 49.853N 8.397E
Tar. SNR: 27.15 dB
PREFERENCES: Ref. DTO: -0.954654 ms
Acq: Number of block: 32 Ref. DFO: 3.492883 Hz
Blocksize: 1048576
Dsp: Phase correction: Ref. SNR: 20.35 dB
Time Width = 0.000010
Frequency Width = 2.500000
Acceleration:
Not Applied.
Loc: Time search range: 500.000000
Frequency search range: 500.000000

EVENT SUPPORT REQUIRED : (yes/no) Authorised By : Event Support Operator :

(Ops Manager)

BNetzA, 5110-6, Nov2008 20

GROUND BASED GEOLOCATION REPORT - Page 2

Remarks (including spectral plot if available)

Transponder Occupation
ASTRA-3A (Interfered) EUTELSAT-W2 and ASTRA-1E (Adjacent Satellites)

-55
-57
-59
-61
-63
-65
Relative Level [dB]

-67
-69
-71
Interferer
-73
-75
-77
In this area is only temporarily occupancy in the satellite W2
-79
-81
-83
-85 TLS-Reference- TLS-Reference-
Transmitter Betzdorf Transmitter Leeheim
-87
14166

14168

14170

14172

14174

14176

14178

14180

14182

14184

14186

14188

14190

14192

14194

14196

14198

14200

14202

14204

14206

14208

14210

14212

14214

14216
Uplink Frequency [MHz]

EUTELSAT-W2 (16E) ASTRA-1E (19,2E) ASTRA-3A (23,5E)

BNetzA, 5110-6, Nov2008 21

GROUND BASED GEOLOCATION REPORT - Page 3

LOCATION RESULT: Kln Area Overview

LOCATION RESULT: 50.981N 6.885E Detail

BNetzA, 5110-6, Nov2008 22