JOHANNES KAUFMANN

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Parasitic Infections
of Domestic Animals
A Diagnostic Manual

Springer Basel AG
 5Stages on the body surface
many countries sheep scab is a notifiable
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disease and controlled by the national
veterinary authorities.
Geographie distribution: World-wide
Symptoms: Continuous scratching and rub-
bing occurs in affected flocks. Wool breaks
may occur, leaving the skin exposed.
Depression, loss of appetite, weight loss
and death can occur in heavy infestations.
Significance: Psoroptic mange is highly conta-
gious and spreads rapidly in flocks. Wool
loss, weight loss and death may cause enor-
mous losses throughout the world in sheep
rearing enterprises.
Diagnosis: The diagnosis is based on identifi-
cation of mites in skin scrapings.
Therapy: Ivermectin (200 pg/kg, sc.) is effec-
tive against psoroptic mange in sheep, al-
though 2 injections with 7-day interval are
required to eliminate mites. One injection
is effective against Sarcoptes spp. and Pso-
rergates spp. A single dipping in toxaphe-
ne (0.5-0.6%) eliminates all mites that
affect sheep except Psoroptes ovis. Other
approved dips effective against Psoroptes
ovis and Chorioptes ovis are coumaphos
(0.3%) and phosmet (0.2-0.25%), diazi-
non, fenvalerate and flumethrin. It is of
fundamental importance that the entire
flock is treated.
Prophylaxis: DE CATTLE, . 5.1 Psoroptes bovis
(Figures 372, 373)
Fig. 372 infested with Psaraptes avis; initiallesians
on the back
192
Fig. 373 Skin fissures caused by Psaroptes avis;
these wounds are often complicated by myiasis
Psoroptes caprae
Remarks: Some authors consider P. caprae to
be a valid species of goats. Psoroptic mange
of goats (ear mange of goats) especially of
some breeds (Angora goats) in some parts
of the world is considered to be Psoroptes
cuniculi, wh ich is known to infest the ears
of domestic rabbits. Any of the acaricides
approved for use as sheep dips will elimi-
nate ear mange of goats.
Chorioptes ovis Chorioptic mange,
"leg mange", "foot scab"
Location: Chorioptic mange is most often
found on the hindlegs and between the
toes, or on the seroturn of rams.
Hosts: Sheep
Species description: This is the most frequent
type in sheep. General genus description is
given in CA TTLE, 5.
Geographie distribution: World-wide
Symptoms: Infested sheep scratch and rub
their feet. Localized scabs may be seen. The
lesions are less severe and localized than in
Psoroptes ovis infections.
Significance: Foot scab is not a major problem
in sheep raising, but chronic infections of
flocks may cause considerable indirect los-
ses, due to restlessness, scratching, weight
losses and secondary skin infections.
Diagnosis: The diagnosis is based on identifi-
ca ti on of mites in skin scrapings.
Therapy: DE above Psoroptes ovis