Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI)

Social Protection Ministry Cartagena University School of Nursing Carmen Elena D

íaz Montes
Expanded Immunization Program
The
expanded program on immunization (EPI) is a joint action by the world's nations
and international organizations, aimed at achieving universal coverage of vaccin
ation, in order to reduce morbidity and mortality caused by preventable diseases
.
Expanded Immunization Program

PAI is one of the programs of Public Health has shown the best results in the pr
otection of health especially of children and therefore has undeniable advantage
s in terms of cost-effectiveness.
Background
Expanded Immunization Program

In May 1974, the World Health Organization (WHO) established the expanded progra
m on immunization in the Region of the Americas, the Expanded Programme on Immun
ization (EPI) was established during the XXV Meeting of the Directing Council of
PAHO in September

Expanded Immunization Program

In 1991 was eradicated wild polio virus, whose certification was enacted in 1994
. In 1993, the Ministry of Health established the Control Plan for Hepatitis B.

Expanded Immunization Program

In 1995 he initiated the Plan for the Elimination of rubella and congenital rube
lla syndrome (CRS), with the introduction of MMR. In May 1998 conducted the firs
t phase of elimination of meningitis and other invasive infections caused by Hae
mophilus influenzae type B (HiB).

Expanded Immunization Program

Implementation of Resolution 412 of 2000 which establishes the rules for the vac
cination program. In the year 2002 included Pentavalent vaccine (DPTW-HB-Hib) in
the EPI vaccination schedule.

Target population
 Children
<1 year susceptible children aged 1 to 4 Children 1 year Children 5 Wo
men of Reproductive Age Population 1 to 64 years
GENERAL OBJECTIVE
Dispose
Eradication and control of preventable diseases in Colombia, in order to reduce
mortality and morbidity caused by these diseases in the population under 5 years
SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES
Strengthening
Certification of Poliomyelitis Eradication. Measles in Colombia
Delete End
Neonatal Tetanus in Colombia
Reduce
morbidity and mortality from TB Meningitis, Diphtheria, Pertussis, Rubella and C
ongenital Rubella. Pneumonia, meningitis and epiglottitis caused by Haemophilus
influenzae type b, Hepatitis B and yellow fever.

Ensure free and compulsory vaccination to the entire Colombian population EPI ta
rget. Check Public Health problems that can operate through vaccination.

GOALS
• •
Incorporating new vaccines into the national calendar Ensure free and compulsory
vaccination to all the Colombian population EPI target Provide advice and techn
ical assistance to all local authorities nationally
•
Vaccinate
with diphtheria toxoid to 95% of women of childbearing age living in areas at ri
sk for neonatal tetanus and 95% of pregnant women in the country. a dose of yell
ow fever vaccine 95% of population over a year living in areas at risk and 95% o
f children a year across the country.
Apply
•
Vaccinated with Polio, DPT, BCG, Hepatitis B and Anti-Anti - Haemophilus influen
zae to 95% of children under one year in all municipalities Vaccination with MMR
at 95% of children a year and a booster 95% of them at age 5 in all municipalit
ies
•
•
Compliance indicators objects eradication polio, measles, neonatal tetanus elimi
nation and control of other diseases. Ongoing training to all program staff and
public health surveillance of diseases.
•
STRATEGIES
Vaccination Vaccination Institutional Extramural:

House to house immunization. Operation Sweep. Mobile Equipment. Immunization Day

s. Pipeline. Concentration.
POWERS
NATIONAL LEVEL LEVEL LEVEL LOCAL LEVEL INSTITUTIONAL DPTAL
M.P.S / I.N.S. S. Dptales.S. S. Municipal EPS, ARS, IPS
VACCINATION SCHEDULE
VACCINE

It is a suspension of live organisms, inactivated or killed, fractions thereof o

r protein particles to be administered to induce an immune response that prevent
s disease against which it is addressed.
CLACIFICACION OF VACCINES
Vivas
Attenuated: are microorganisms that have been mutated by successive passages in
different culture media and / or animals that have lost their virulence while re
taining its ability imunogenica.
Dead
and Inactive: inactivating the microorganisms are obtained by physical, chemical
or genetic. They may be: virus or bacteria. Fractions viral or Toxoids To
xoids

Route of Administration: It's a way to introduce a biological organism, either b

y enteral or parenteral. Your choice is specific to each immunobiologic, in orde
r to avoid undesirable local or systemic and to ensure maximum effectiveness of
the vaccine. Application Site: This is the anatomical site selected for the impl
ementation of the vaccine, so that the possibility of tissue damage, vascular or
neural minimal.
Subcutaneous injections are usually applied in the deltoid region. The preferred
sites for intramuscular injection in children is the anterolateral thigh to thr
ee years and the deltoid muscle in patients older than 3 years. It will use the
upper outer quadrant of the buttocks, and outer highest point shots only for hig
h volume or when you need to manage multiple doses, eg Ig injections.
MAIN ISSUES
• Children under one year with monovalent scheme. (DPT-HB) • Catch-18 months wit
h pentavalent. • Lack of follow-up dose of RN. • Continue applying SRP PP and PA
. • VIP immunosuppressed children.
SCHEDULE OF VACCINATION IN THE LEAST ONE YEAR
AGE RN From 2 months Six months Quarter months VACCINE
HB VOP VOP BCG Pentavalent (DPT-HB-Hib) VOP Pentavalent (DPT-HB-Hib) VOP Pentava
lent (DPT-HB-Hib) Measles Three
DOSE
Additional Mandatory Three additional single
Three A
COVERAGE
LESS THAN ONE YEAR: BCG: Single dose OPV: 4 doses coverage with three doses
of DPT-P scheme 3 doses in children under 1 year 3rd dose coverage HB-P 4 do
se coverage with the 3rd dose of pentavalent Hib-P coverage of pentavalent 3rd

ONE YEAR: TV: a dose FA. 1 Dose

VACCINES FOR THE FIRST YEAR
SRP Dose Number of Yellow Fever: A
ADDITIONS
AGE A year after the third dose of OPV and DPT VACCINE A 5-year DPT SRP VOP VOP
Fourth DPT DOSE
Second Fifth
Susceptible than 1 year
SIN inoculation history more than one year: A DOSE OF BCG three doses of O
PV a dose of Pentavalent (DPT-1, HB-1, HIB-1 *) Two doses of DPT monovalent
two doses of monovalent HB TRIPLE DOSE OF VIRAL A DOSE OF YELLOW FEVER WITH
vaccination history: COMPLETE SCHEME RECEIVED
SCHEME

DE
AGREEMENT
A
DOSE
Td SCHEME MEF 10-49 Years
Without History of DPT:
TD1: TD2: TD3: TD4: TD5:

FROM THE 10 YEARS TO 30 DAYS OF THE TD1 TO 6 MONTHS OF THE YEAR OF THE TD2 TD3 T
D4 THE YEAR OF THE

Coverage Td2 evaluated. Apply 100% of pregnant women across the country and 100%
of MEF in municipalities of neonatal tetanus risk
Susceptible SCHEDULE 2 to 4 years

Vaccination history SIN AFTER ONE YEAR OF AGE:

A DOSE OF BCG, three doses of OPV, three doses of DPT, three doses of HB monoval
ent monovalent MMR A DOSE OF YELLOW FEVER

WITH vaccination history:

SCHEME COMPLETED ACCORDING TO DOSE RECEIVED

YELLOW FEVER VACCINE SCHEDULE
All children under one year across the country All over one year in areas at ris
k. Travelers. Revaccination every 10 years

MEASLES VACCINE SCHEDULE - RUBELLA

A
dose postpartum and postabortion women with no history of prior vaccination. cov
erage was measured by the number of doses applied in this population.
The
MEASLES VACCINATION IN CHILDREN WITH ONE YEAR

Apply a dose of measles for children between 6 and 11 months. The coverage is me
asured by the number of doses in this age group. This indication will continue a
s long as the risk of native viral circulation in our country.