INDEX 1. Contactors Components of a contactor Job Categories Designs 2.

Protection Relay Motor Protection Concept Drawings

3.Temporizadores
Features Drawing Classes
4.Elementos
switching and signaling
6.Type 5.Referenciado
terminal lines and receivers
connections of three phase induction motors in the snatch
Drawings Direct and indirect
7.Instalaciones

engine. According R.E.B.T.

Drivers Installation Terms overcurrent overcurrent protection boot.
8. Schemes
1. CONTACTORS is called a switch contactor distance governed by an electromagnet
in principle and in general, we can define the contactor as a remote switch ret
urns to the idle position when the actuating force on it stops now. The contacto
r as the manual switch has two basic elements: A set of electrical contacts A me
chanism for opening and closing such contacts. In a manual switch, the operator'
s hand directly actuates opening and closing mechanism, however in this action c
ontractor is made by an electromagnet. The contactor has therefore the advantage
of being governed from a distance, as elementally enough to have two wires from
the terminals of the coil to the place which is called control point. The contr
actor may be driven not only by direct action of a person, but by any element th
at is able to close a contact. 1.1 Elements of the contactor long time for the l
aunch of machinery and other elements, which work with engines. Find information
needed for connection, handling, protection, etc. Among the necessary elements
are contactors, which are to be remotely operated switches and recover its origi
nal position when the drive is no longer used. The elements that comprise a cont
actor are: Key Contacts Auxiliary Contacts Blower electromagnetic circ
uit support device or structure
MAIN CONTACTS main contacts are intended to make the closing or opening the main
circuit through which current is carried to the circuit of use. The main contac
ts that form the contactor can be: auxiliary contacts are those that are intende
d to the government of the contactor and signaling. The number of auxiliary cont
acts of contactor will be required for each type of maneuver to be performed. Th
e contacts, main and auxiliary parts are already subject to work harder. To fulf
ill its mission perfectly must meet the mechanical and electrical properties as
follows: High electrical conductivity and thermal contact resistance
Small Weak tendency to stick or weld Good resistance to electrical erosion caus
ed by the high hardness and strong arc Low mechanical strength tendency to form
oxides or sulfates electrically resistant
Electromagnetic circuit can be for AC or DC. The electromagnetic circuit has thr
ee parts: • • • Core Armor Coil
The core in the form of "E" is placed in the center coil. Generally this part of
the circuit is fixed, when the coil is traversed by an electric current generat
es a magnetic field that causes the kernel to attract the armature is the moving
part, which is being drawn to the moving contacts pressing against fixed, closi
ng the open and closed opening. When connecting the contactor to a network of al
ternating current, the current passes through zero twice in each period that wou
ld cause this opening. To avoid
vibration, noise and intermittent loss of connectivity that could shorten the li
fe of the electromagnet, is placed at the end of a loop polar clamps assistant c
alled shading. BLOWING SYSTEM This system mainly consists of lengthening the arc
and is done by referral to a magnetic field arc incident perpendicularly on it.
CONTACTOR OR SUPPORT STRUCTURE The magnetic assembly and the contacts are conne
cted by means of an insulating element mounted in a way that any vibration recei
ved by the contactor does not affect the smooth functioning of this. The assembl
y is mounted in an appropriate structure, which have provided the necessary acco
mmodations for the placement of the elements. 1.2 CATEGORIES OF EMPLOYMENT The r
ules define some categories of employment on the normal utilization of a contact
or and set precisely for each of the conditions of establishment and cutting of
a stream depending on the intensity of Ie and the nominal voltage Ue for employm
ent. Definition of categories of employment according to IEC 158-1 AC: Category
AC1 Applies to all devices that use alternating current (sets) and whose power f
actor is at least equal to 0.95 (cos α ≥ 0, 95). C tegory AC2 Refers to boot cou
ntercurrent br king s well s the pulse goes to the engine rings. At closing, t
he cont ctor provides the st rting current of the order of 2.5 times the r ted m
otor. C tegory AC3 Refers to the c ge motors, the motor cut is m de rele sed.
At closing, the cont ctor provides the st rting current of the order of 5-7 time
s the r ted motor. C tegory AC4 Refers to st rt, br king nd running counter to
impulses engine c ge. The cont ctor is closed with point of intensity th t c n
re ch 5 or even 7 times the r ted motor. 2. PROTECTION RELAYS 2.1 Concept of pr
otection of motors in the motor protection concept is prim rily used two me sure
ment principles. A. Direct control of motor he ting current detection nd simul
tion of the therm l ch r cteristics in the protection device. B. Direct control
by me suring the temper ture of the engine. The probes re inst lled on the coil
c use the protective device perform nce. A. Simple simul tion of the therm l ch
r cteristics of the engine by bi-met l. We use the convention l therm l rel y
. Fe tures: bimet llic therm l rel ys, re the simplest nd well known of the di
rect control of therm l protection, protects the engine g inst ll kinds of d m
ge s determined by n incre se in consumption of the motor. They consist of th
ree coils of few turns nd low resist nce re connected in series with the thr
ee motor ph ses. E ch coil w s wound on bimet llic bl de nd le ves her with
l yer of sbestos. The s me current through the motor is running through ll th
ree coils, firing the rel y when the current flowing through ny of them re ove
r r ted. His shot is m de by the curv ture of bimet llic pl te undergoes when he
ted, t king dv nt ge of this curve to move the cont cts.
B sic lly we h ve to distinguish in the rel y two p rts: bimet l element or he t
ing element nd shooting. The bimet llic strip consists of two l yers of dissimi
l r met ls coefficient of exp nsion, welded together under pressure. The combin
tion most commonly used is the Iron nd Nickel. When he ted nd due to the diffe
rent exp nsion, these films re in proportion to the temper ture curve. In the r
el ys the he t required for therm l deform tion is provided by the s me corriene
te to be monitored. Pl ced in series with the engine we w nt to protect resist
nce th t we provide the he t needed to deform the bimet llic sheets, so th t th
e temper ture re ching these is proportion l to the current running through the
receiver protected, curving more or less depending on the intensity . therm l
trip circuit bre ker motor protection. Fe tures: A device therm l perform nce ch
r cteristics but with superior technology. Supports ny ccessories like uxi
li ry cont ct blocks, cont ct trigger sign l, etc. Utilities. For norm l prote
ction requirements, even if ph se f ilure. In dequ te protection in c se of inte
rmittent high switching frequencies nd in c se of repe ted h rd st rts. It is t
he most economic l solution. B. Simple electronic simul tion of the therm l ch r
cteristics of the motor. Rel y motor protection. Perform nce ch r cteristics:
Setting precise digit l motor current, llowing m ximum perform nce of it, wi
th gre t s fety. Double therm l protection. In ddition to the therm l protect
ion by controlling the intensity of motor current, therm l protection probes th
t directly me sure the temper ture of the motor winding. S fe Boot for ny typ
e of motor. The trip curve irrig ble w rr nts ny type of engine st rting. R p
id Protection g inst ph se f ilure. Fire immedi tely in the event of ph se f il
ure, reg rdless of engine lo d.
Visu l sign ling using LEDs to quickly loc te the c use of the fire. Overlo
d indic tor. Lights fl sh when motor current exceeds the critic l v lue. Resis
t nt to short circuits. Supports smooth nd short circuit tripping curve rem ins
unch nged. Protection g inst volt ge interruption. He comes to s ve the shot
from ny of the office until 30 minutes. • Utilities. For high security require
ments, even if difficult st rts. Excellent protection in the event of ph se f il
ure. C. Accur te electronic simul tion of the therm l ch r cteristics of the mot
or. • Rel y oper tion: motor protection. Fe tures
Adjustment of r ted current. Digit l form is rule by sliding cont ct switches.
Setting the degree of momentum. Is performed digit lly, through switches. T
EST button. To control therm l overlo ds. Signs of oper tion. Supply nd prese
nce sign ls th t the device is re dy for service. Sign ge selective c ses of t
rip: DRAWINGS: Electric l overlo d. Ph se f ilure. E rth f ult. Ph se re
vers l.
3. Timers is very necess ry in the control nd utom tion of electric l compon
ents. Allows you to control, oper te or ses ccion r p rts of pl nt t time d
etermined by us. Given the wide r nge of timers point out the most common, every
one h s one or two ch ngeover cont cts nd r nge of timing v ries from 0.05 s to
10 h: Timed to the connection. After pplying the control volt ge, the output
rel y switches t time t. disconnect timer to control cont ct. Closing the
control cont ct connected to the cont cts Y1 - Y2 the rel y switches. When you o
pen the control cont ct Y1 - Y2 output rel y switch b ck to time t. Minimum pu
lse length 20 ms. Timing connection nd disconnection with control cont ct. Cl
osing the control cont ct Y1 - Y2 the rel y switch in time t. By opening the c
ont ct Y1 - Y2 rel y switch g in t the s me time t. Control pulse dur tion> t.
timer impetus to the connection. After pplying the control volt ge, the outpu
t rel y switches nd st ys there for time t. timer disconnect impetus to con
trol cont ct. After opening the control cont ct Y1 - Y2, rel y switches nd st y
s there for time t. Minimum pulse length 20 ms. timer to connection with f
ixed momentum. By pplying the control volt ge rel y switches nd develops n in
termittent cycle t1 (work) t2 (rest). Timing the connection with fixed momentu
m. By pplying the control volt ge, the rel y switch in time t. rem ined so fo
r 0.5 s. timer connection impetus to control cont ct. Closing the control cont
ct Y1 - Y2 the rel y switches, rem ined so for time t, reg rdless of the posi
tion of the control cont ct Y1 - Y2. Timer st r - tri ngle. By pplying the co
ntrol volt ge cont ct to close the st r. A fter time t. this cont ct is open
nd with del y of 50 ms closes the cont ct tri ngle. With 50 ms del y voids
the risk of short circuit during commut tion st r - tri ngle. DRAWINGS: SYMBOL
4. ELEMENTS OF OPERATION AND SIGNAGE m teri ls re necess ry for proper sign l h
ndling f cilities. We cite v rious types of m teri ls: nd

Pushbuttons. Open, closed, with retention. Illumin ted buttons. Open, closed, wi
th retention. Rot ry switches. Two positions, three positions, with key. Multifu
nction buttons. Open-ended, open-closed-open, possibility of extension of 2nd-le
vel cont cts. Bright multifunction buttons. Open-ended + pilot. Emergency button
s. Unlock by rot tion, rot tion of key rele se. L nding. Physic l sp ce to mount
the bove items. Vertic l (double, triple), horizont l (double, triple). Limit.
Pressure-driven elements of ny moving p rts. On the outside, the re of press
ure (pressure), c n h ve v rious elements fe sible to pressure (b st go, front b
e ring, etc..) Th t would trigger the interior or cont cts. These cont cts c n b
e of multiple types, connection, disconnection, double connection, disconnection
double-off, etc.
5.€REFERENCED IN TERMINAL LINES AND RECEIVERS ccord nce with Intern tion l St n
d rds referencing is s follows: Food: L1 - L2 - L3 - N - Pe Tow rds n engi
ne: U - V - W resistors To st rt: A - B - C - D, etc. Cl ssific tion Reference
d ssemblies, sub-function l (series) tr nsducers B m gnitude in m gnitude no
electric l power or vice vers C p citors C D letters referenced Oper tors: Ex m
ples mplifier tubes or tr nsmitters, m gnetic mplifier. Speed control, PLC. P
r thermo-electric, thermo-electric cell, photoelectric cell, din nometro electri
c switch, proximity detector.
Combined oper tions, del y line, tilts bist ble
bin ry timing devices, memory devices, different m teri ls E F G gener tors prot
ective devices H feeders Sign ling Devices KA K Rel ys nd Cont ctors uxili ry
cont ctors, rel ys, cont ctors KM m in engines L Inductors M N subsets (not set)
P Instruments me suring, testing devices Q mech nic l connection devices for po
wer circuits resistors R S Mech nic l Equipment Connection Control circuit tr ns
formers T U modul tors, converters V electronic tubes, semiconductors W tr nsmis
sion routes, guides
monost ble tilted, recorder, m gnetic memory.
Lighting, he ting elements re not defined in this t ble. Short-circuit fuse, li
miting, surge rresters, protective rel ys m ximum intensity, threshold volt ge.
Gener ting, ltern tor, rot ting frequency converter, b ttery, oscill tor, qu r
tz oscill tor. W rning light nd sound. (L rge equipment used in the KA nd KM)
timed uxili ry cont ctors, ll kinds of rel ys.
Induction coil, choke.
App r tus indic tor, recorder, timer, time switch. Circuit bre ker, disconnector
.
V ri ble resistor, potentiometer, rheost t, shunt, thermistor. M nu l control de
vices, switches, position switches, switch. Volt ge tr nsformers, current tr nsf
ormers. Discrimin tor, demodul tor, frequency converter, encoder, converter, rec
tifier, inverter utonomous. V cuum tube, tube g s disch rge tube, disch rge l m
p, diode, tr nsistor, thyristor rectifier. Conductor rel y, c ble, busb r.
w ves, ntenn s x termin ls, plugs, sockets nd electric lly powered mech nic l
devices Z lo d properly, correction filters, limiters
And socket connection, probe, termin l blocks. Br ke, clutch, electro-pneum tic
v lve, electrom gnet.
B l ncer, corrective filter.
Referenced in scheme developed. The m rking of termin ls of the pp r tus llo
ws signific nt s vings when designing the l yout nd wiring of the equipment. Al
so f cilit tes testing oper tions, m inten nce nd rep ir. Referenced to the con
nection termin ls of the pp r tus. The references given re listed on the termi
n ls, or on the n mepl te of the ppli nce. E ch org n of comm nd, e ch type of
cont ct, princip l, ssist nt, inst nt or timed referenced h s two lph numeric
or numeric. • Prim ry Cont cts. Their termin ls re referenced by single numbe
r: From 1-6 in the pole. From 1-8 in the pole. The odd numbers re pl ced in
the top nd the progression is m de from top to bottom nd from left to right.
Auxili ry cont cts. The termin ls of the cont cts of uxili ry circuits re re
ferenced by two-digit numbers. The numbers of units or number of function, indic
te the role of n uxili ry cont ct: 1 nd 2 bre k cont ct (NC). 3 nd 4 no
rm lly open (NO). Key Cont cts
Auxili ry cont cts
6. TYPES OF CONNECTIONS IN THREE-PHASE MOTOR STARTING AND CONSEQUENTIAL ph se mo
tors depending on their intern l winding is possible to connect your reel st r o
r tri ngle. The difference is th t the st r connection is connection between d
ifferent ph ses directly, but th t exists in e ch of the coils volt ge drop eq
u l to: the tension between ph ses divided by the root of three. So we c n conne
ct motors from 230V to 230V three ph se line. And in the c se of delt connectio
n if we h ve the volt ge cross the termin ls of the motor windings to the line
volt ge. The delt connection will join the beginning nd end of the different c
oils to obt in the result mentioned bove. In the wye connection will join the e
nds of coils pr ise for this division of power mentioned e rlier. The coils shou
ld lw ys oper te t 230V,€st r connection in the coils oper te t 230V, but in
the delt connection the v lue is 400 / √ 3, which re 230V. Delt Connection St
r connection
7. AS THE ENGINE INSTALLATIONS R.B.T. 7.1 GENERAL INSTALLATION The engine inst l
l tion must comply with the requirements of the UNE 20 460 nd the specific tion
s of the premises where they re to be inst lled. The engines must be inst lled
so th t the ppro ch to their moving p rts c n not c use ccidents. The engine s
hould not be in cont ct with re dily combustible m teri ls nd be positioned so
th t they c n not ignite them. 7.2 DRIVERS OF CONNECTION minimum sections must h
ve the interconnects, so th t there is no overhe ting them, should be s follow
s: A single motor. The interconnects feeding single-engine must be designed
for n intensity of 125% of full lo d current of the motor. In wound rotor motor
s, the conductors connecting the rotor with the st rter must be
lso dimensioned for 125% of full lo d current of the motor. Sever l engines.
The driver of connection th t will feed sever l engines must be designed for
n intensity of not less th n the sum of 125% of full lo d engine more power, plu
s full lo d of ll others. Combined Lo d. The interconnects th t feed motors
nd receivers must be provided for the tot l intensity required by the receivers,
more is required by the engines, c lcul ted s previously indic ted. 7.3 Overcu
rrent Motors must be protected g inst short circuit nd overlo d protection in
ll its ph ses, the l tter must be such protection to cover in three ph se motor
s, the risk of l ck of tension in one of its ph ses. For motors with st r-delt
st rter, ensure protection for both the st r connection nd delt . The fe tures
of the devices must be in ccord nce with the engine nd protect the conditions
of service pplic ble to these, h ving followed the instructions given by the m
nuf cturer of them.
Over-START 7.4 engines should h ve limited the current dr w t st rtup, when it
could produce effects th t re detriment l to the inst ll tion or c use un ccept
ble disturb nce to the functioning of other receptors or f cilities. In gener l
, higher horsepower motors 0.75 kW must be provided to controllers, st rters or
equiv lent devices which do not llow the current r tio between the st rting per
iod nd the corresponding norm l running t full lo d, ccording to ch r cterist
ics of the engine must indic te your pl te is higher th n th t indic ted in the
following: DC motors AC motors
R ted motor
M ximum const nt of proportion lity between the intensity of the st rting curren
t nd full lo d 2.5
R ted motor
M ximum const nt of proportion lity between the intensity of the current st rtin
g nd full lo d 2 1.5 4.5 3
0.75 Kw 0.75 Kw 1.5 Kw 1.5 Kw 1.5 Kw From 5kW of more th n 5kW of 1.5 Kw to 5Kw
two 5kW to over 15KW 15KW 1.5
In the elev tor motors, cr nes nd lifting devices in gener l, both DC nd lter
n ting, re counted s norm l full lo d current for the purposes of the const nt
s mentioned in the preceding t bles, the need to incre se fixed ch rges s norm
l oper ting speed fter p ssing the st rting period, multiplied by coefficient
of 1.3. Notwithst nding the foregoing, nd in p rticul r c ses, comp nies do wi
thout the limit tions imposed in c ses where the st rting currents do not distur
b the oper tion of their distribution networks.