COMBINATION OF EDUCATION AND CULTURE "PIO TENTH" S / C LTDA COLLEGE "PIO TENTH"

Recognized by Decree No. 83 064 of 22.01.79 I-Street Office Campus, No. 362 / 38
2 Phone: (079) 211-1764, 211-1765, 211-9822-FAX-(079) 211-3363 Campus II - Av Au
gusto Franco, 2685. Phone: (079) 231-7026 - FAX: (079) 231-7789 Campus III - Av
Tancredo Neves, 5655 - Jabotiana - Aracaju / SE Phone: (079) 3041-1908 Home-Page
: www.piodecimo.com. br E-Mail: piodécimo@infonet.com.br Aracaju - Sergipe
CALCULATION OF TECHNICAL LOSSES IN DISTRIBUTION TRANSFORMER
COMBINATION OF EDUCATION AND CULTURE "PIO TENTH" S / C LTDA COLLEGE "PIO TENTH"
Recognized by Decree No. 83 064 of 22.01.79 I-Street Office Campus, No. 362 / 38
2 Phone: (079) 211-1764, 211-1765, 211-9822-FAX-(079) 211-3363 Campus II - Av Au
gusto Franco, 2685. Phone: (079) 231-7026 - FAX: (079) 231-7789 Campus III - Av
Tancredo Neves, 5655 - Jabotiana - Aracaju / SE Phone: (079) 3041-1908 Home-Page
: www.piodecimo.com. br E-Mail: piodécimo@infonet.com.br Aracaju - Sergipe
Chairman of Banca: José Valter Alves Santos Examiner Banker: Elenilton Teodoro D
omingues Scholar: Ricardo Alexandre da Silva Santana
OBJECTIVE
Develop a methodology for calculating losses in electrical power distribution sy
stems on the network segment secondary sector loading of transformers using a ca
dastral base for easy development
Electrical Power System
Losses in Power Systems
Classification - Nature
LOSS OF LOSS OF ENERGY DEMAND
PD = A - DS
PE (t) = EE (t) - ES (t)
Losses in Power Systems Classification - Location
LOSSES IN TRANSMISSION LOSSES IN DISTRIBUTION
Generation and Transmission
Only in the Distribution System
Losses in Power Systems Classification - Origin
TECHNICAL LOSS
GENERATION CONCESSIONAIRE
Non-technical losses
CONSUMER
TRANSPORTATION
• Errors in Measurement; • Fraud; • No measurement of energy
Loss in Power Systems Classification - Segment
Expected Range (%) Segment Of the total technical losses 16-25 9-17 15-30 15-55
30-30 0.5-6.0 3A7 5-11 the total energy from 1.5 to 2.0 0, 5 to 1.0 0.5 to 2.5 1
.0 to 2.0 0.1 to 2.0 0.05 to 0.20 0.2 to 0.4 0.2 to 0.8
System of High Voltage Substation Distribution Transformer Primary Network Secon
dary Distribution Network Extension Connection Other Power Meter
Evolution of Global Losses-Brazil
Data from the Ten Year Expansion Plan 2000/2009 - Eletrobrás
18.00% 16.00% 14.00% 12.00% 10.00% 8.00% 6.00% 4.00% 2.00% 0.00%
1980 1990
15.60% 13.00% 13.10%
15.50%
16.50%
16.30%
1997
1998
1999
2000
Growth of Global Losses
• Lack of investment, current regulations in the sector • Brazilian • Control pr
icing, not allowing a return required to maintain adequate service.
Distribution Transformer Losses
Losses in Copper (PCU) = fu ² x PCU
Due to the resistance of the windings of transformers.
Losses in Ferro (Pferro) = Ph + Pf Hysteresis Losses
Applies a variable field, this process consumes energy, try to monitor material,
undergoing successive imantações one way and another. Are due to the conductivi
ty of the nucleus, forming closed paths of the same, a shorted turn, which consu
mes energy in the field.
Losses by Foucault
NBR 5356/1981- Losses Rated Transformers - Classes 15KV Rated Power Transformer
Three Phase 15 30 45 75 112.5 150 225 300 March 5 10 15 25 37.5 Monophase Pferro
(KW) 0.1150 0.1800 0.2200 0 , 3400 0.4600 0.6400 0.9000 1.1200 0.0400 0.0480 0.
0640 0.0840 0.1200 0.1700 PCU (KW) 0.3200 0.5600 0.7600 1.1100 1 4900 1.9100 2.7
000 3.3600 0.0780 0.1130 0.1970 0.2850 0.4100 0.5500
Factors Project
Utilization Factor (fu)
fu = Pmáxima Pnominal
Load Factor (Fc)
Fc = dmed Dmax
Loss Factor (Fp)
Fp = Fc + K x (1 - K) x Fc ² K = 0.30, K = 0.15 monthly values, annual values Fp
= 0.15 x 0.85 x Fc Fc + ²
Dmed time dmed = = consumption consumption consumption Fc = 730 730 x Dmax
Considerations
Month January February March April May June July August September October Novemb
er December Average (days) Monthly (hours) Annual (hours) Day 31 28 31 30 31 30
31 31 30 31 30 31 30 417 730 8760
Load Curves
Load Curves
P (kW)
P (t)
D
ε (kwh) = D ∙ Δt
Δt
T (h)
Load Curv s
Load Profil
Valu s of loss s in Distribution Transform r
Total loss s of D mand
ΔPT ΔPf rro = x ² + fu ΔPcu
Pow r Loss
ΔWT = T x (x + fp ΔPf rro fu ² x ΔPcu)
ΔWT = 8760 x (x + fp ΔPf rro fu ² x ΔPcu)
COMPUTATIONAL SYSTEM DEVELOPED FOR APPLICATION OF METHODOLOGY
pr s ntation of th ov rall structur of th comput r syst m was d v lop d.
RESULT OF THE APPLICATION OF METHODOLOGY AND ADDITIONAL ANALYSES
TRANSFORMER - 75KVA
TRANSFORMER - 112.5KVA
Conclusion
TRANSFORMER - 30KVA
1st Comparison - Transform r 75KVA
2nd Comparison - Transform r 112.5KVA
3rd Comparison - Transform r 30KVA
Conclusion
• This study sought to stablish a m thodology and aggr gat probability simplif
i d calculation of loss s in th s condary distribution of l ctric n rgy in di
stribution transform r. • Using information from r adings of curr nt and voltag
at th t rminals of th transform r s condary distribution, th computation r q
uir d for its practical impl m ntation of computational syst m.