process by which forces a substance, especially a metal or a thermoplastic, to p

ass through a die, thus creating different forms of uniform section used in indu
stry, construction and
ON extrusion
There are two types of extrusion:
• • Extrusion Cold Extrusion hot hot extrusion is more common. Some of the mater
ials are subjected to this process are: Aluminium Magnesium Lead Tin
EXTRUSION OF POLYMERS
however, the engineering polymers has developed specific parameters for the plas
tic, so that this process is studied apart from the extrusion of metal or other
materials.
The molten polymer (or rubberized state) is forced through a nozzle Given also c
alled, through the thrust generated by the rotary action of a screw (Archimedes
screw) rotating concentrically in a chamber at controlled temperatures called ba
rrel with a millimeter separation between the two. The polymeric material is fed
through a hopper at one end of the machine and due to the pushing action melts,
flows and mixing in the canyon and get the other side with a
ICA TR CN TEA EX U.S. S IO N OF
Extrusion with a single screw extruders conventional or typical. Vented Extruder
s (or vent) or outgassing. Extruders co-mixers. Screw extruders without pumps. D
isk extruders.
Multiple screw extruders Twin-screw extruders. Spindles that do not mesh. Spindl
es which engage. Rotation in the same direction. Reverse rotation. Extruders wit
h more than two planetary roller screws. 4 spindles (including construction for
each machine).
EXTRUDER SINGLE SPINDLE
1. Commonly has a rope. 2. Form channels in the gaps between the thread and the
spindle. 3. Maintains the same diameter from the outside of the wire along the e
ntire length of the screw in the barrel.
DIVISI ON: 1. Feeding area.
2. Compression zone. 3. Range. 4. Mixing zone.
"Twin-screw extruder"
• Provide a push much higher. • material accelerations much higher. • High Shear
and intensive mixing. • The color concentrates are made mostly in this type of
extruders.
"TYPES"
"DONE"
• The die is analogous to the mold in the injection molding process, it flows th
rough the polymer extrusion out of the canyon and because it takes the desired p
rofile. • It is considered as a consumer pressure since the end of the spindle p
ressure is maximum, while the output as the pressure is equal
COLOUR IN THE EXTRUSION
• There are basically three ways to color a polymer extrusion: • 1. Use colored
plastic that is needed (precoloreados). • 2. Use a natural colored plastic pigme
nt mixed with powder or liquid dye. • 3. Use a natural colored plastic concentra
te and mix it with color.
• The choice is cheaper and more efficient use of color concentrate (English Mas
terbatch), which is designed with features consistent flow index polymer to be p
rocessed with color concentrates can change from one color to another fast, simp
le and clean
• The most common processing issues regarding the color of a piece are: lines mo
re or less intense color, a pigment that accumulates in the die, uneven distribu
tion of pigment, bubbles,
• Colors can be translucent, solid, pastel, metallic, pearlescent, phosphorescen
t, fluorescent, etc. However, polymers such as ABS are more difficult to color b
ecause of its high process temperature and the polyethylene yellowing