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diction and at the exp ense of the parent nation ; but no colony
ever achi eved a tithe of the success achi eved by this English band
of colonists whose obj ects and principles I have come here this
evening to give some account of .
weal th The Pilgrim Fathers went forth for none of these obj ects
.
but as the great English poet M ilton says of them they were
, ,
nothing but the wide ocean and the savage deser ts of A meri c a
c ould hi de and shelter from the fury of the Bisho ps .
&
2
xp erien ce o f the B ishops of the Church of England it may seem
e ,
religious opinion has been a plant of very slow growth But the .
namely the tract of land on the south side o f the Humber estuary
, ,
3
elsewhere imbibed ideas about spiritual independen c e far in advan ce
,
ref ugees came home rej oicing and brought with them the advanced
ideas of spiritual liberty they had acquired in the republican lands
where they had been soj ourning To those men the old Roman
.
the Papacy could not divest her mind of the old ideas on the
,
all those gradations of priestly rank whi ch were and are the very
essence of the old system S h e was suprem e head of the Church
.
autocratic king she had been trained to believe that she could do
,
4
the collateral belief th at she as sovereign could do no
,
ong in ,
wr
religi ous matters Sh e honestly believed that uniformity of
.
AR CH B I SH O P WHITGIFT .
was the leader of the High Church Party in the disputes with the
Pu ritan Party in the U niversity and succeeded in getting Th omas
C art wright the leader of the Puritans di s mi ssed from his professor
, ,
5
In I Whi tgi ft be came Bishop of Worce ster in addi ti on
5 77 , ,
the fact that when paying hi s state visits to Canterbury and other
,
of the Pu ritan leaders upheld whi le others obj ected to State c ontrol
,
6
to captu re the S overeign t o a tt ain their high ideal ; and thu s
tion o f the indi vidual churches They als o held that the j udgment
.
I
N all preceding histo ri cal times the p rie tly power and th e
, s
vice regency of God vested in their persons was the most perfe ct
-
We must remember that the world is very young and mus t not
feel rebelli ous or impatient at n ding s o many of our truest ideals
s till struggling for realisation against interested opposition God s
.
ways are not our ways and with Him a thousand years are b ut
as a day .
FIR S T I ND EPE ND E N T S .
.
,
8
best and m os t perse c u t ed Puri tans were men in holy orders Th e .
a par t from t his Holland was j ust t hen a haven o f re f uge for p erse
,
10
wr ote o f him & I f B an croft ha d li ved h e would qui ckly have ,
He c ould not understand how a king could mai ntain his position
except as head of a State Church and by enforcing religiou s
uni formi ty I n thi s he was encouraged by Bancr o f t and the h ord e
.
and low lay and clerica l and he was the highes t of Hig h Churchmen
, , .
THE
S TAY IN H OLLA ND .
11
E ngland He sa id that wha t he h ad separa te d from was t h e
.
o ff ice did not exalt a man above the brotherhood t hat the clergy
were but Christians and good only as Christians .
, ,
N orth ern and S outh ern the N orthern being c o mp o sed of k nigh ts
, ,
Plym o u th .
12
THE P IL GRIM AG E TO AM ERI C A .
Plymou th but when they were off the Land s End the Speedwell
,
re tu rned t o London
I
13
in t en ti o n had been t o se ttl e on the Hudson River in the fdre sent 1
i t c ame abou t that the Pilgrims were forced to land on the less
.
men w o men and children and not a single life had been lost on t h e
v oyage The principal names are well knownJ ohn Carver
, ,
.
&
IN M ASS A CH U SE TT S .
P ilgrim Fathers are landed in A merica with all their troubles be fore
them I I need n ot dwell upon the di fculties they had to enc ounter
in c olonising a thi ckly populated savage coun try There is a vas t .
and en t ertaining and stimula ting literature on the subj ect I have .
j us t read s ome books th at are worth men tioni ng & M iss Spo ord s
14
A lden S tandi sh of S tand i sh and D avi d A lden s D aughter ; E d ward
, ,
of mustard which grew so qui ckly from being the smalles t o f plan t s
that there were Puri tan emi grant landed in N ort h A meri ca s .
hi gh as
CHARA C TER OF THE PI L GRIM C O L O N Y .
esse n tially a col o ny of God feari ng God servi ng men and women
-
,
-
,
15
O ne of the grea t s t faul ts found with the Pilgrim Fa thers by
e
wh o cater for such people is tha t the Pi lgrim Fa thers were kill j oys
,
-
American writer o f the present day a true son of the Pilgrim Fa th ers
1 , ,
z put s the case in these words How often we desire two mu tually
e xclu i ve
s things evil pleasures and a clear conscience self
i indulgenc and g oo d hea lth la iness and success a selsh w orldly
,
e , z ,
trying t o possess themselves of two thi ngs that exclude each other
and they always fail They have to take one or the oth er Th
. . e
RES U L T S FOR EN G L A ND .
16
not nearly as ep oc h-making ex cep t in regard to th e n u mbers
,
bishop Laud and put Oliver Cromwell in their pla ce as the Lord
Protector o f the English C o mm onwealth Th ere is no s uch clear .
p rin ci ple or high ideal involved in the rese ttlemen t of Eur ope
to day as was involved in the re se ttlemen t of England in the Ci vil
-
from the A tlantic to the Pacic and cons titu ting the larges t and
riches t area of the world ever held by a single people .
T HE WAR OF I ND EPE ND EN CE
&
popular hi storian o f the English people admi ts thi s and unh esi ,
tati ngly throws all the blame for the breach on t he t hen King o f
England George III Green wri tes as follow s & The King was
, . .
was in fact a mere cloak for the direction of public affairs by George
hi mself George was in fact the M inistry th rough the years o f
.
17
ye ars a fter th e D eclara tion o f Ameri can I nde pe ndence that thi s ,
I ndepe ndence you will nd that it goes strai ght for George and for
,
George alone All the counts of the in di ctment begin with the
.
mu t ually pledge each other our lives our fortunes and our sac red
, , ,
honour .
&
The Pilgrim Fathers could never have imagined their
descendants would address such a communication to the royal
desc endant of their mos t dr ead S o vereign Lord King James I ,
&
.
men who honoured the Pilgrims and regarded them as the founders
,
assertions that all men are born equal and that there shall be n o
system o f religion w h ate v er established by law is j ust what th e ,
cen tury the nineteenth that all Britai n s real greatnes s was built
, ,
u p Those who talk and write of the loss of the A merica n Colonies
.
,
the peoples who were and are one pe ople spe a king the same ,
And when the A merican Ci vil War came it was fought for as ,
and for what & Oh my friends the answer is glorious and makes
, ,
slave within the borders of the U nited S tates The pures t whi t e .
men in the world the proudes t of their p ure whi te bl oo d the one
, ,
ther e was ever a man more like the Pilgri m Fathers more tr ue to ,
the type of the Engli sh Indepe nden ts I h ave yet to discover him , .
19
fooli sh things I n hi m g ood ness
. nd
a intelligence c ombined an d
ma de their be st result of wisdom . May G od make us worthy o f
th e memory of Abraham L incoln .
&
c ountry ; they have not yet got the vote in America ; but let us
see what D e T ocqueville thought of the condition of women in
20
So m uch f or the girls N ow h e ar what he sa ys of t h e m arri ed
.
freedom and pleasure the wife lives in the home of her husband
as if it were a cloister The Americans are at the same time a
.
they all agree in remarking that morals are far more s t rict there
than elsewhere The Americans have applied to the sex es the
.
woman in order that the great work of society may be the bette r
,
THE P R E S E NT-
DAY P O WER OF PUR ITANIS M .
a vow that although the women of the United Sta tes are con ne d
,
21
within t h e nar ow circle of domes tic life I h ave n owhere seen
r ,
the P uritan women whi le they praise N ell G wynn and the other
c ourtesans of Charles II B ut i t may be said that all this is a
.
class of books would tell you so for with them the wish is father to ,
at the vital moment when our Prime Minister sent his tragi c
,
appeal to Preside nt Wilson for instant help after the big push
back of our armies in March 19 18 And now we see the apparently , .
d o you think that if the Puri tan spirit were dead in Ameri c a th e
, ,
as the be st way t o tr avel in the serious times which are now ahead
'
22
Co ns titution by all the Sta tes last year for the suppression o f
a lcoholic d rink Tha t is Puritani sm alive and in full vigour in
this twentieth century May the lesson not be lost on us at home
.
.
,
taken up by the United Stat es react for our bene t in every good
s ense moral and material
, .
who domi nate the whole Western hemisphere of the globe are ,
whatever race or clime an im mi grant into the Uni ted States be longed
t o the immigrant had and has to learn the E nglish language
, ,
23
PUR ITANIS M A S P IR ITU AL M O &EME NT .
AN D now I must draw thi s litt le sketch of the beginni ngs and
wonderful pr ogr ess of the spiri t represe nte d by the men called
the Pilgri m F athers to a close It was essentially a spiritu al
.
were patient in spirit The even t proves that the patient in spirit
.
worshi pped H i m in spirit and in truth Where the spiri t of the L ord
.
i s there is li bert y
,
. The b od y wi thout the spirit is dead May .
24
&
H om es and H a unts of
B y DR . AL E & AN D E R M AC KE N N AL a nd E L vnr a
H . rs, M A,. .
P ri ce 12/ HCI .
P ri ce ne t .
P R O TE S TAN T TR UT H SO C I E TY ,
3 4 , St . a '
P ul s Ch ur ch yar E C 4d , . . .