Scribd Logo
Загрузить

Добро пожаловать в Scribd!

  • Kannan Botanist2 PDF

    Загружено:

    Kannan
    0 просмотров6 страниц

    Оригинальное название

    Kannan botanist2.pdf

    Авторское право

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Доступные форматы

    PDF или читайте онлайн в Scribd

    Этот документ был вам полезен?

    Это неприемлемый материал?

    Пожаловаться на этот документ

    Авторское право:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Скачайте в формате PDF или читайте онлайн в Scribd
    Отметить как неприемлемый контент
    0 просмотров6 страниц

    Kannan Botanist2 PDF

    Загружено:

    Kannan

    Авторское право:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Скачайте в формате PDF или читайте онлайн в Scribd
    Отметить как неприемлемый контент
    из 6
    Mitr Se / Aan J Ande 1989 Dee 1 (4) 175179 sis + © 106, Asian tool of Anicegy ISN 1008 x ‘Shanghai Inst of Mase Medica Chinese Academy of Sens ‘ap: // wa. .08 | Protective effect of Prostane in experimental prostatic hyperplasia in rats S.K. Mitra, R. Sundaram, A.R. Mohan, $. Gopumadhavan, M.V. Venkataranganna, ‘Udupa Venkatesha, S.J. Seshadri, $.D. Anturlikar RAD Contre, The Himalaya Drug Co. Makall, Bangalore 352 128, India Keywords: Abstract ‘Aim: Prostanc, a polyherbal formulation, was evaluated for its efficacy on Sa-reductase inhibition, a-adrenergic anta- gonistic activity and testosterone-induced prostatic hyperplasia. Methods: Sa-reductase inhibition was evaluated using ra prostate homogenate as an enzyme source. Adrenergic antagonistic activity was evaluated using isolated rat vas def- cerens.: Experimental prostatic hyperplasia was induced in rais by giving testosterone 3 mg/kg se for 21 days, Re~ sults: Prostane dose-dependently inhibited 5a-reductase activity and exhibited a-adrenergic antagonistic activity. Treat- ‘ment with Prostane at 250, 500 and 750 mg/kg body wt, po for 21 days significantly reduced the prostatic weight, the epithelial height and the stromal proliferation in experimental prostatic hypestrophy. Conclusion: Prostane is effective in the treatment of experimental prostatic hypertrophy in rats and may be passed on to clinical trials on benign prostatic Prostane; BPH; oxidoreductases; adrenergic alpha-antagonists; enzyme inhibitors; prostates hyperplasia hypertophy afer necessary toxicological evaluations. (Asian J Androl 1999 Dec 1, 125-~ 179) 1 Introduction ‘A-non-malignant enlargement of the prostate, or ‘benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), involves the prolif ‘eration of epithelium and fibromuscular tissue, common- ly seen in aged mien), The consecutive constriction of the urethra may lead to reduction in urine flow rate, bidder outlet obstruction and irritation sympioms.. Apart from surgical treatments, ike transmural vaporization and prostatectomy, conventional treatments include 5a- reductase inhibitors, anti-androgens, LHRH’ agonists, Correspondence to $.K. Mitr, M.D., Executive Director, Re- seach and Technical Servioes, RED Conte, The Himalaya Drug (Co. Makati, Bangalore $62 128 (India) e-mail; smitra@bg.ven-ret. in Tel; +90-89 4005. Fux; +80-809 6057 Received 1999-11-20 Accepted 1999-12-08 te to reduce the symptoms of BPH, underscoring the importance of androgens in the pathogenesis of prostatic byperplasia’*”, Complications with surgical prostatecto- my and side effects with the conventional therapy ex- clude their use as routine treatments for BPH), ‘Ayurveda, an ancient system of Indian medicine, cites several plants that are useful in the treatment of uro- ‘genital. disorders..Prostane,an-herbal- formulation con sists of Tribulus terrestris Linn, Areca cateciue Willd, Pedaliuon murex Linn, Caesalpinia bonducella. Fleming and Asparagus racemosus Willd. Tribulus terrestris ond Pedatin murex have been reported to be good diuretics). In our earlier studies, Pedalwn murex and Areca catecku have shown 5a-re- ductase inhibitory activity (paper presented at the 13th ISAS National Symposium on Analytical Techniques- 2001, 1998 Nov 24-25. Bangalore, India. p 171-173). Caesclpinia bonducella has been used in the treatment of +16 + hydrocele and glandular swelling. In the present uly, Prostane was evaluated for its Sa-reductase in- hibitory activity and ceantagonstic activity in vitro, and its activity against experimental prostatic hyperplasia in rats. 2. Materials and methods 2.1 Composition of Prostane Prostar, an herbal formulation, is @ uniform mix- ture of pulverized Tribulus terrestris (uit 25%), Are- ca catechu (nut 25 %), Pedalim murex (fruits 25 %), Caesalpinia bonducella (root 15 %) and As- paragus racemosus (root 10 %). The constituent plants ‘of the formulation were procured from local suppliers end were identified by Dr. R. Kannan, Botanist of The Hi- malaya Drug Company. A specimen of each plant was deposited in the herbarium of our R & D Centre 2.2 In vitro study on Prostane for Sa-reductase inhibi- tion 2.2.1 Engyme preparation Enzyme preparation and Sa-reductase inhibitory ac~ tivity were done by the method described by Ashina et caf with minor modification. Male Wistar rats weigh- ing 250 ~ 275 g were anesthetized with ether, and the prostates were dissected and homogenated at 5 % con- centration with 100 mmol/L phosphoric acid buffer sotu- tion at pH'6. 5 containing 250 mmol/L of sucrose, 1 mmol/L of dithiothreitol (DIT) and 1 mmol/L of EDTA. The homogenate: was centrifuged at 10.000 x g for 30 min and the supernatant was taken as @ source of enayme. ‘Testosterone was dissolved in ethanol at the concentration of 10 mmol/L. A 50 mmol/L, NADPH ‘was prepared in potassium phosphate buffer at pH 6.5. 2.2.2° Preparation of extractun Prostane powder (10 g) was extracted with 100 mL ‘of water in a water bath at 100 °C. The fluid extract was then filtered and dried; the residue (Prostane extractum) was used for the experiment. ‘The extractive value of Prostane extractum was 10.%.(10.g of Prostane powder yielded 1 g of Prostane extractum) slate , itary acti Mira SK a Asin J Andi 1989 Dees 1 (8) 175 — 179 rated and was taken for the estimation of dittydro-testos- terone (DHT) 2.2.4 Estimation of DUT by gas chromatography DHT was estimated by the gas chromatography method” with minor modification. A Netel Micro 9100 gas chromatograph attached with a flame ionization de- tector was used. The instrument was equipped with a stainless steel column packed with 3 % OV-I7 (2 m length & 1/8” I.D.). The temperature of the oven, in Jector and detector were set at 220, 250 and 280 °C, re- ‘spectively. Nitrogen (TOLAR-L) was used as a cartier gas at a flow rate of 30 mL/min. Twenty pL ofthe ethyl acetate layer was injected into the gas chromatographic column and the peak area of the DHT was calculated. ‘The formation of DHT was taken as a measure of Sa-re- ductase activity since the enzyme reduced testosterone to DHT. The inhibitory activities of various concentrations of Prostane extractum were compared with finasteride, a Sa-reduetase inhibitor. The amount of DHT formned in the presence of the enzyme (control) was considered 100 %, and. formation of DHT. in the presence of Prostane extractum was then compared with the contol 2.3 In vitro study on the a-adrenergic antagonistic activity Male Wistar rats weighing 275-300 g were used. ‘The animals were anesthetized with ether. ‘The vas defer- ens was then dissected free from extraneous tissue and suspended in an organ bath containing Tyrode solution gassed with 95 % O, and 5 % COs mixture at 37 °C. Contraction of the tissue was recorded isotonically using a lever transducer attached to the Polyrite ( Medicare model 207, Ambala, India) Following an equilibration period of 30 min, con- tractions were induced by administration of nore- inephrine (NE) at various concentrations, viz. 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 and 4.0 ug/mL with or without test drug ((Prostane extract) and the contractions were recorded. 2.4 In vivo study on the activity against experimental prostatic hyperplasia Forty male Wistar rats weighing 275-300 g were se- lected and randomized into five groups of 8 animals each. ‘The animals Were housed in standard laboratory conditions under a temperature of (22 +3) °C, relative humidity Various concentrations of Prostane extiactum were prepared in triplicates in 2.0 ml. aliquots of potassium phosphate buffer. Testosterone 100 j., NADPH 100 jzL and 500 pL of enzyme solution were added. The mixture ‘was incubated at 37 °C for 3 h and reaction terminated by the addition of 4.0 mL. ethyl acetate. “The mixture was vortexed for 1 min’and the ethyl acetate layer was sepsi- 50-o-55-Sos—and—12A2-h-light/datk--eycle.— Drinkin water and synthetic pelleted diet (Lipton India Ltd, Mambai) were supplied ad libiwm throughout the study period. The animals received the following treatments: Group T : Olive oil 1 mLrkg”!-d7', sc for 21 days as vehicle control. Group II : Testosterone undecanoate (TU) 3 mg-ke~"* a7, se in olive oil for 21 days" im vivo 14: 351-356 (2000) Antimicrobial and Radical Modulation Activity of AV-07, a Poly-Herbal Formula K SATOH, H. SAKAGAMP, ¥. IDA, N. KOMATSU”, M. FUJIMAKE, H. NAKASHIMA‘, K. KANBARA, MONIKA GUPTA’, D.N. K. SARMA’ and S.K. MITRA® “Anais Cone, Shoo f PlaraceuelSenees Showa Universi Sinan; Deparment of Dera Pamacolon, Meta Univer Sehol of Dents, Sains “Plc Welire Insta of Scent Reseach Foundation Kegnest "Deparment of Migobolg and Immunol, Kagoshima University Dena Schoo, Kagoshin, lepers R&D Cente, The Hinalu Dg Ca, Metab, Bangalore, Tdia Abstract. An extract of AV-07 was investigated for various biological activities. Pretreatment of mice with the AV-07 extract significantly protected them from lethal infection with Excoli. ESR spectroscopy showed that the extract produced radicals under alkaline conditions and enhanced the radical intensity of sodium ascorbate, suggesting its pro-axidant ‘action at higher concentrations. ‘The extract effectively scavenged superaxide anion, produced by hypoxanthine xanthine oxidase reaction and hydroxyl radical, produced by Fenton reaction. These data demonstrate that AV-07 extract, coniains various bioactive substances, suggesting its medicinal efficacy. We have previously reported diverse biological activities of lignins, prepared from the alkaline extracts of Pinus parviflora Sieb. et Zuce. (1-3), Pinus elliott var. Eliott (@), Enthraxylon coca Lam. (Catuaba) (5), Acer nikoense Maxim. (6, 7) and Ceriops decandra (Grif) Ding Viou (8). We have recently found that erude alkaline extracts of the Elliott pine cone displayed a similar magnitude of activity with purified lignins (4). This suggests that although purification of plant extracts is essential for the study of their structure and function, the purification process does not always increase their specific biological activities. This urged us to investigate other herbal extracts for various biological ‘activities, such as radical modulating activity Comespondence to: Prof. Hiroshi Sakagemi, Ph.D. Department of Dental Pharmacology, Meikai. University School of Dentistry, Sakado, Saitama 350-0283, Japan. Tel: (+81)-492-79-2758; Fax: (+81)-492-85-5171: e-mail: sakagami@ dent. meikaiac.ip Key Words: Herb extracts, radical scavenger, antimicrobial actly (0258.851X/2000 §2.00+.40 {measured by ESR spectroscopy) and in vivo antimicrobial activity (measured by the survival ratio of mice). In this paper we present the results of our studies on the biological activities of AV-07 extract, a poly-herbal formula, which was found to be very interesting. AV-OT consists of equal proportions of Andrographis paniculata Nees. (leaves), Glycyrrhiza glabra Linn. (chizomes), Psoralea corjlfolia Linn, (seeds) and Terminalia cheba Retz. ({rats). The roois and rhizomes of A. aniculasa, commonly called liquorice, are used both in ‘westemn and oriental medicine. Liquorice is useful as an antiinflammatory and antiviral agent. Glycytthiin, a terpencidal glycoside from Giheymhiza glabra, is known to be inhibitory to the replication of several DNA and RNA viruses (9). Andrographis paniculata leaves are used as a toric, stomachic, cholagogue and anthelmintic. The leaves ofA. paniculata exhibited a significant suppression of HIV- 1 protease (10). P. conlifolia seeds are used in the indigenous medicine in treatment of inflammatory diseases (11). T. ehebula fruits possess antibacterial, antifungal and antiviral activities. Extracts ftom the fruits of 7. chebula were found to posses significant inhibitory activity on TTV- I reverse transcriptase (12). Materials and Methods Materials. Tho folloning chemicals and reagents were obtained fro ‘he companies indicated sodium ascorbate, all ‘acid (Tokyo Kasei Kogyo Lid, Tokyo, Japan) diethylnetciamine- ppentsacetic aid (DETAPAC) (Wako Pure Chem Ind, L1d., Ostka Japan): 5 Salimethyll-pyrroline N-oxide (DMPO) and-superox ‘dismutase (SOD) from bovine erythrocytes (Dojin, Kumamoto, Japan); hypoxanthine (HX), xanthine exidsse (XOD) and die. ‘ovgeytdine (BC) (Sigma Chem Co,, St Louis, MO, USA); dextren sulfate ( KD)(Kowa, Tokyo, Japan); eurdlan sulfate (900 kD) (Ajinomoto, Tolye, Japan); 3-azido:2" and. ¥-dideowthymidine (AZT) (Yamasa Shoyu Co, Chiba, Japan). Pine cone lignin and procyanidin B-l were prepated as described previously (1 3). 351 in vivo 14:351-356 (2000) Table L. AniC HIV cet of AV-07 extract and popular chemoleropeue agent, Anti activity ce) FCs ‘st Extracts Gem) Gem) avon ums >20 «i Dextransotfae 1000 08 1000 Curdian suite >1000 on >9910 AZT(N) 2 002 5098 aac, ss2 02 288, Prpanaion of exract ‘The plant materiale were authenticated by Dr Kannan, Botanist, The Himalaya Drug Company, India. Voucher specimens of the same have bean deposited in the hexbarium ofthe RED Contre, The Himalaya Drug Company, India. An aqueous ntract of AV-07 (1% wiv) was prepared by refluxing |g formulation in 100 ml of distilled water for 6 hous, fllowed by Filtering through (25 um milipore fites. Assay for antimicrobial acviy, Male GAY ance Soweeks old, 25 8) (Gankyo Labo Service Ca, Shizuoka, Japan) were intepertonealy vena single injection of ©2 mi of saline or 10 mg/ml af each test ‘sample, 48 hours befre inoculation with sbout 1 minimum lethal dose of Escherichia coli GN2411. The survival ratio was determined 7 days alter the mictoial inoculation (4 5,8). Asse for ae IIVactviy. MT cols were infested with HTLV ‘at a multiplicity of infection (MON) of 101. HIV-infected or mock. Infected MT-4 cells (15 x 10°/mi, 200 ul) were placed into 96-vell microtiter plates and incubated in the presence of varying concentrations of test samples, After incubation for S days at 37" Cin {.COp incubator, cll viability was quantified by colornitic assay (et 540 nm and 690 nm), monitoring the ability of viable cells 19 edvee MTT to a blue formazan product (13). The $1% oytotorie concentration (CCin) of the test sample was determined from the Alose-response curve with mock-infected cel. The SU% effective concentration (Ca) was determined from the dose-response curve with HIV-Linfectod clls (13) The anti-HIV sctivity was evaluated by selectivity index (SD), which ws calculate bythe folowing equation SI= CCifEC3p ‘Assay for radical inensiy. The radical intensity ofthe test sample was determined at 25" Cin 0.1 M TessHCI baler (BH. 7.4 8.0), Ol M yNagCOs nL GH ls fo, ESR spectroscopy (JEOL JES REIX, X-band, 100 kllz modulation frequency). Tostrument sctiings: center field, 335.6 2 50 mT microwave pover, 8 mW; modulation amplitude, 0.1 mT; gain, 500. ‘ime constant, 0.1 sec; scanning time, 4 minutes. Radial intensity was Actined as the rao of peak height ofthese radiels to that of MnO (419) 352 AV-07 extract Survivors (%) ool 2 3.94 5 6 7 Days after coli. infection Figure 1. Iehibion of Ecol infection by AV-07 eat administration. Mice (10-207oup) wee invspertonealy adnate 0 (contol) ot {80 mglg AV-07 exact (@), 48 before E. col challenge. Suniel rates were determined atthe indicated days ar E col challene For determination of superoxide anion radeal (Oz) produced by Inyporanthine (HX) and xanthine ovidase (XOD) reaction (total volume: 200 jt) (2 mM HX in phorphate-buffered saline (pH 7.4) (PBS) 500, 0.5 mM DETAPAC 20 ul 5% DMPO 50, sample 50, XOD (OS Uinl in PBS) 30 pl, time constant and scanning time were ‘hanged 10 0.08 see and I min, respectively. The radical intensity Was, etermined 40 see after mixing. The Oy" scavenging activi was expressed as SOD uniting sample, by eakration with standard conv, of borine enthrooyte SOD. For determination of hydra radies produced by Fenton reaction (total vtume: 200) [1M FeS0g + 0.02: mM DETAPAC) 50 pl, 93 mi DMPO 20, srple 50,1 mM 30230 jl, PBS 50 the in and scanning time were changed to 100 gad 1'min, respectively The radial intensity was determined 40sec ater mixing Results and Discussion Antimicrobial activity. Pretreatment of mice with the AV-07 extract significantly protected them from the lethal “colt —Flreextra ntimicrobiat ‘activity in the mice, increasing the survival ratio from 10% in the control group to 80% in the treated group (Figure 1). Anti-HIV activity. The AV-07 extract failed to protect the MT-4 cultured cells from the cytopathic effect of HIV- Butomedisne, vor op. 265-272 © pana Facer Vere 2000 ntpwacorbatecrecdeouralfphytomed Bone mineralization by OST-6 (OsteoCare), a herbo- mineral preparation, in rats in experimentally induced tickets S.K. Mitra, P. R. Rangesh, M.V. Venkataranganna, U. V. Udupa, S. Gopumadhavan and . J. Seshadri R&D Centre, The Himalaya Deug Company, Makali, Bangalore, India Summary In the present study the efficacy of OST-6 (OsteoCare), a herbomineral prepatation, on bone mineral- ization in experimental rickets has been evaluated, This was accomplished by feeding preguant eats and subsequently their pups with vitamin D and calcium deficit (VCD) with low phosphorus diet ‘The Parameters such as serum and bone mineral contents {calcium and inorganic phosphorus), serum alkas tine Dhosphatas, sex hormones and histology of bone were considered. VDCD resulted in a sigeifeane reduction $bone and serum calcium and inorganic phosphorus, increased serum alkaline phosphatase and decreased sex hormones (testosterone in males, progesterone and oestrogen in femalec, Histologi- cally the bone showed osteodystrophic changes and disproportionate cartilaginous proliferatens he {Eiphyseal region, Incorporation of OST-6 into feed at 5% concentration rested ina complete rene, sal of rickets, which was substantiated by biochemical and histological observations. lt hms bec cane

    Вам также может понравиться