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HASSAN DISTRICT
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Western Ghats range towards the bed of the Kavery River near Hampapura in the
southe east and its tributary, the Yagachi River.
MAP 3.1
HASSAN DISTRICT
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The district is divided into 8 talukas, Alur, Arakalagud, Arasikere, Belur,
Channarayapatna, Hassan, Holenarasipura and Sakleshpura. Hassan is the district
head quarters. It has 258 panchayat villages. The district has an area of 6826 sq km
and comprises hilly, southern transitional, southern dry and central dry zones. It is
situated 2618ft above the sea level and the temperature is 350 max and 200 min. The
average rainfall received by the district is 1031mm. It is located 75 33 and 76 38
east longitude. The population as per 2001 census is 20.21 lakh and the literacy rate is
51 percent.
The district is connected by Mangalore port by sea which is 174 km from the
district head quarters, and Bangalore air port, 200 km and Mangalore air port by air.
Power generation is handled by NTPC, KPCL etc and the supply is handled by the
Chamundeshwari Electricity Supply Corporation. The district has 2998 primary
schools, 508 high schools, 149 junior colleges, 5 engineering colleges, 2 medical
colleges, 3 polytechnics and 15 general colleges.
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Industries and agriculture of the district at a glance
TABLE 3.1
PUBLIC INVESTMENT IN THE DISTRICT
Horticulture 1491
Cooperatives 424.6
Agriculture 800.7
TABLE 3.2
INDUSTRIES
Number of factories 78
Textile SEZ
Food processing SEZ
Pharma SEZ
Electronic Hardware SEZ
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CLUSTERS
DIFFERENT INDUSTRIES
Food processing
Tourism
Coffee estates pharma and electrical based
PROMINENT SECTORS
Food processing
Tourism and textile
dairy based units
Electronic and hard ware
IT and ITES
AGRICULTURE PROFILE
Hassan district has varied agro climatic zones. Bimodal rainfall pattern in
major parts of the district helps in growing short and long duration crops and also for
adopting multiple cropping patterns.
Cereals
Pulses
Oil seeds
Commercial crops like cotton, sugarcane and tobacco.
Horticulture crops
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Medicinal plants- patchouli, Amla.
TABLE 3.3
AGRICULTURAL COVERAGE
Cereals 108788
Vegetables 49353
COFFEE IN HASSAN
TABLE 3.4
NUMBER OF HOLDINGS IN THE DISTRICT
The table makes it clear that even though there is an increase in the number of
holdings, it is not so encouraging. The percentage increase is very minimal compared
to the contribution for the exports of the country. It makes it clear that only the
traditional coffee growers who cannot shift from coffee immediately are continuing
with the cultivation and the interest towards it among the new is very less.
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TABLE 3.5
PLANTED AREA (IN HECTARES)
With relation to the planted area under coffee in the district is not very
encouraging. The increase is very minimal.
TABLE 3.6
PRODUCTION OF COFFEE (IN MTS)
CREDIT FLOW
There are 17 banks with their branches which provide finance to coffee
cultivation along with the Hassan District Central Cooperative bank. Canara bank is
performing the task of lead bank in the district.
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The total ground level credit flow under priority sector during 2011-12 was Rs
1742.83 crore surpassing the district credit plan target by 48.84 crore. The total
growth rate in GLC during 2011-12 was 57.7 percent compared to 6 percent in 2010-
11. The overall GLC under primary sector was Rs 1226.42 crore accounting for 70.4
percent of the total GLC in 2011-12. The projections assessed for the year 2013-14
under priority sector is Rs. 2527.48 crore. The projections under broad sectors are:
crop production, maintenance and marketing-Rs.1303.23 crore, term loan for
agriculture- Rs.422.67 crore, MSME (including food and agro processing) Rs.101.86
crore.
CHIKMAGALUR DISTRICT
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The district head quarter Chikmagalur is 251 km from the state HQ and is
surrounded by the Chandra Dronha hills and dense forests. It is situated between 120
54 42 and 130 53 53 north latitude and between 750 04 46 and 760 21 50 east
longitude. The district has 6 talukas, Chikmagalur, Kadur, Mudigere, Shringeri,
Koppa and Narasimharajapura. The district has an area of 720km2 with the population
of 1,137,753 (2011census) and a population density of 158/km2. The official language
of the district is Kannada.
The district receives normal average rainfall of 1925 mm. The highest point in
this district is Mullayanagiri, 1926 mts. above sea level which is also the highest point
in the state of Karnataka. 30% of the district (2108.62 km) is covered with forests.
The district borders Shimoga district to the north, Davangere district to the north-
east, Chitradurga and Tumkur districts to the east, Hassan district to the
south, Dakshina Kannada district to the south-west and Udupi district to the west. The
rivers Bhadra, Tunga, Hemavathi, Netravati, and Vedavathi flow all year round. The
district is rich in iron, magnetite and granite deposits. Black soil is found around Baba
Budan Giri Hills whereas Red and Gravel soil are found in the southern parts of the
district.
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LOCATION OF THE DISTRICT
MAP 3.2
CHICKMAGALUR DISTRICT
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and to produce 7.5 million tonnes of concentrate per year. The facilities were
commissioned in 1980 and the first shipment of concentrate was made in October
1981. A pelletisation plant with a capacity of 3 million tonnes per year was
commissioned in 1987 for production of high quality blast furnace and direct
reduction grade pellets for export. KIOCL received a massive setback when its
mining license expired and operations were stopped by the Supreme Court with effect
from 31 Dec, 2005. With many of the employees losing their jobs and the social
backlash that may result thereof, efforts are being made to generate jobs for these
workers in other areas. There is only one Medium Scale Industry, i.e. M/s Vignyan
Industries Ltd. located in Tarikere town. A subsidiary of BEML, it produces steel
castings.
There are 1620 primary schools, 135 secondary schools, 46 pre university
colleges, 13 degree colleges, I engineering college, 3 polytechnics, 7 industrial
training institutions, 1 Ayurvedic medicine and surgery college in the district. The
literacy rate is 79.28 percent.
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TABLE 3.7
INDUSTRY PROFILE OF THE DISTRICT
TABLE 3.8
AGRICULTURE PROFILE
TABLE 3.9
HORTICULTURE PROFILE
There are 20 banks working in the district with a total of 198 branches,
continuously striving hard to improve the economic conditions of the people by
providing timely and adequate credit. The banks operating in the district are, Bank of
Baroda, Bank of India, Canara Bank, Corporation Bank, Indian Bank, Indian
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Overseas Bank, Karnataka Bank, State Bank of India, State Bank of Mysore,
Syndicate Bank, Vijaya Bank, ING Vysya Bank, Federal Bank, Union Bank, UCO
Bank, CKGB, CDCCB, KASCARD, Axis Bank, ICICI, IDBI and KSFC.
COFFEE DATA
TABLE 3.10
NUMBER OF HOLDINGS
The above table makes it clear that the increase in the number of holdings is
minimal in the years 2009 and 2011 and it has reduced to a greater extent in the year
2012-13 which indicates that the lack of interest in coffee growing in the recent years.
TABLE 3.11
PLANTED AREA (IN HECTARES)
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TABLE 3.12
PRODUCTION OF COFFEE (IN MTS)
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KODAGU DISTRICT
MAP 3.3
KODAGU DISTRICT
Well known in the world of coffee and its brave warriors, Kodagu district
belongs to Malnad region of Mysore Division. It is formerly called by an anglicized
name Coorg. Madikeri is the head quarter of the district and it has three talukas for
administrative purpose. Madikeri, Virajpet and Somwarpet are the talukas and
Virajpet is the largest taluk consisting of towns like Virajpet, Gonicoppal, Siddapur,
Ponnampet, Ammathi and Thithimathi. The total area of the district is 4102 km2. The
district is bordered by Dakshins Kannada District to the North West, Hassan to the
North, Mysore to the East, Kannur district of Kerala to the South West and Wayanad
district of Kerala to the South. The district has a Tropical wet climate having an
average summer temperature of 28.60c and winter temperature of 14.20c. It is hilly
district with the lowest elevation about 3000 ft above the sea level and the highest
peak Thadiyandamolu is 5740ft above the sea level. The main river in Kodagu is
Kavery (Cauvery) which takes its birth at Talakavery located on the eastern side of
the Western Ghats. The yearly rainfall exceeds 4000 millimeters in some of the areas.
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Madikeri is well connected by road with Mangalore, Hassan, Mysore,
Bangalore and Kannur, Thalassery, and Wayanad of neighboring state Kerala. There
are three Ghat roads to reaching Kodagu from coastal regions of Kerala and
Karnataka: the SampajeMadikeri Ghat road from Mangalore, the Panathur
Bhagamandala Ghat road from Kasaragod, Kanhangad, Malom and chittarikkal and
the MakuttaPerumbadi/Virajpet Ghat road from Kannur and Thalassery.
The nearest railway stations are Thalassery and Kannur in Kerala and
Mangalore, Mysore and Hassan are the nearest in Karnataka. The nearest airports are
at Mysore and Mangalore. Mysore airport is at a distance of 130 km from Madikeri
and 115 kilometres from Virajpet. Mangalore International Airport is located 140
kilometers from Madikeri and 172 kilometers from Virajpet. The nearest seaport for
Kodagu is New Mangalore Port at Panambur in Mangalore, 145 kilometres from
Madikeri.
The population of Kodagu as per 2011 census is 5,54,762 and the density is
135 per square kilometer. The population has grown over the decade 2001-2011 was
1.13 percent. The sex ratio is 1019 female for every 1000 men. Kodagu also has a
Tibetian Buddist refugee Camp at Kushalnagar. The official language of the district is
Kannada and the other prominent languages are Kodava, Are bashe, Maleyalam and
Tulu. The literacy rate of the district is 82.52 percent.
Kodagu has three wild life sanctuaries, Brahmagiri, Talakavery and Pushpagiri
and one National Park- Nagarahole National Park also known as Rajiv Ganghi
National Park. The important tourist attractions are: Talakaveri (the birth place of
river Kavery), Nisargadhama(island and picnic spot), Iruppu falls (Laxmana Thirtha
river), Abbey falls(scienic waterfall), Dubare (Elephant training camp), Nagarahole
(National Wildlife Park), Bhagamandala (confluence of three rivers), Mallahalli falls
(Pushpagiri hills), Buddhist Golden Temple (Bylakuppe) etc.
There are 692 Pre Primary schools, 208 lower primary schools, 282 upper
primary schools, 114 high schools, 11 PU colleges, 12 degree colleges, 01 nursing
college, 01 engineering college, 01 dental and 01 forestry college working in the
district.
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Kodagu culture
The Kodavas are the native ethnic group and were the free holder farmers.
They are also known as Kshathriyas. They speak Kodava Language. Despite being the
brave warriors and members of the Indian warrior caste, Kodagu did not have
indigenous rulers and they were ruled by outsiders for a long time. Kodavas are the
ancestor worshippers and follow martial tradition. They even worship nature and
arms. Lord Igguthappa and Mother Kavery are the main deities of Kodavas and other
deities are Bhadrakali, Subramanya and Ayyappa.
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of Karnataka. This is primarily due to coffee production and other plantation
crops. Rice and other crops are cultivated in the valleys. Coffee plantations, situated
on hillsides too steep for growing rice, and taking advantage of shade from existing
forests, became characteristic of the district in the 20th century. Coffee is now a major
cash crop. Coffee processing is also becoming a major economic contributor. In
recent years tourism has also begun to play a role in the economy. Eco-tourism, such
as walking and trekking tours, take advantage of plantation buildings converted into
guest-houses.
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TABLE 3.13
LIST OF BANKS OPERATING IN KODAGU DISTRICT
Corporation bank is acting as the lead Bank of the district. One of the
important tasks of the lead bank is to ensure a balanced flow of credit to all the areas
of development so as to benefit all the sections of the society. The lead bank prepares
the credit plans for every year taking into account the growth potential available,
critical constraining factors, area specific advantages or problems etc. as usual,
agriculture is given special focus in the plan because the district is mainly agri-based.
The total plan has arrived at Rs 1812 crore, which is more by 285 crore than
the previous year. The distribution for different activities is as under.
TABLE 3.14
CREDIT PLAN FOR 2012-13
Priority sector receives the top priority with 90.34 percent of the total
allotment whereas the non priority sector receives only 9.66 percent. Within the
priority sector, agriculture receives 83.99 percent allocation.
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TABLE 3.15
COMPARISION OF THE OUTSTANDING LOANS
(PERCENTAGE INCREASE/DECREASE)
% of agri- 79 100 37 57 70
advances to
total advances
Source: District credit plan 2012-13.
The total amount of loans given by the banks is decreasing over the years and
it has become negative. It can be made more clear from the following table of the
comparison ratio between the deposits v/s advances.
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TABLE 3.16
DEPOSITS V/S ADVANCES FOR THE YEAR 2012-13
Except in the case of four banks, the percentage of loans granted compared to
their deposits is less than fifty. It clearly indicates that the attempts made by the banks
are not satisfactory or there is lack of financial literacy among the borrowers.
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COFFEE IN KODAGU
TABLE 3.17
NUMBER OF HOLDINGS
The number of holdings over the years is increasing but at a very small
proportion. The rate of increase is not at all encouraging.
TABLE 3.18
PLANTED AREA (IN HECTARES)
Even if the number of holding is increasing, the planted area is not increasing
accordingly. The percentage rate of growth is lesser than the number of holdings. This
indicates the amount of diversification from coffee in the district.
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TABLE 3.19
PRODUCTION OF COFFEE (IN MTs)
COFFEE BOARD
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o Securing better working conditions and the provision and improvement
of amenities and incentives for workers.
o Assisting the coffee growers for Development of their estates
The Board comprises of 33 members including the Chairman, who is the Chief
Executive. The remaining 32 Members representing the various interests are
appointed as per provisions under Section 4(2) of the Coffee Act.
COFFEE RESEARCH
EXTENSION WING
The Extension service in coffee has commenced from 1948 aimed at transfer
of Technology. In Chikmagalur district Extension services has commenced during
1950s. The present extension set up is headed by a Deputy Director (Extn.) at
Chikmagalur and with office of the Senior Liaison Officers and Junior Liaison
Officers in different sub zones. Extension wing is engaged in inculcating the
improved agronomic practices in coffee cultivation. It has also operated several
development loan schemes and now operating several useful programmes under plan
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scheme. The Extension wing is now concentrating to improve productivity, quality
of coffee production of specialty coffee and organic farming.
TABLE 3.20
DIFFERENT SUPPORT SCHEMES TO GROWERS BY THE COFFEE
BOARD
FROM 2007 TO 2011-12
There are certain machineries provided to the coffee growers with subsidy to
the coffee growers which may help them in cutting down the cost of labour.
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TABLE 3.21
MACHINERIES ELIGIBLE FOR SUBSIDY BY THE BOARD
Machines Eligibility
Weed/brush cutter 1 up to 4 Ha
Telescope pruner 1 up to 4 Ha
Pit digger 1 up to 2o Ha
Sprayers 1 up to 4 Ha
Harvester 1 up to 2 Ha
Power chain saw 1 up to 10 Ha
Green cherry separator 1 up to 10 Ha
Power tiller with/without 1 per 2 Ha and above
trailer
Mini tractor 1 per 4 Ha and above
Mini transporter 1 per 4 Ha and above
Source: Coffee Board Bangalore.
The amount of subsidy provided by the board differs with the size of land
holdings and also the nature of beneficiary. The following table provides the extent of
subsidy available for different categories.
TABLE 3.22
SUPPORT FOR MECHANIZATION OF COFFEE ESTATE OPERATIONS
Area Eligibility
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