Chapter02:StatesofMatter(GasesandLiquids)

02 StatesofMatter(GasesandLiquids)

1 7. u2 = 2u1
1. Rate of diffusion
molecular mass 3RT2 3RT1
=2
H2 gas diffuses first. M M
T2 = 4 323
mass
2. Density = = 1292 K
volume
= 1292 273
Volume of 1 mole at NTP = 22.4 dm3
= 1019 C
45
density = 2 g/L
22.4 8. T1 = 27 C = 300 K
T2 = 127 C = 400 K
3. Pressure depends upon the number of moles in
3RT1 R R
the system. In the reaction, from one mole of u1 = 3 300 = 30
M M M
N2O4 two moles of NO2 is formed.
So, the number of mole increase and hence, 3RT2 400R 3R
u2 = 3 = 20
the pressure increases. M M M
u u1
3RT Relative change = 2 ;
5. urms = u1
M
u 2 u1
3RT Relative percentage change = 100
30 R u1
M
3R R
Squaring on both the sides 20 30
u 2 u1 M M 100
3 R 300 100 =
30 30 R = u1 R
M 30
M
( T = 27 + 273 = 300 K)
R R
20 3 30
M = 1 g = 0.001 kg M M 100
=
R
6. T1 = 10 C = 283 K 30
M
T2 = 20 C = 293 K
20 3 30
3RT1 3RT2 = 100
K.E1 = ; K.E2 = 30
2 2
20 1.732 30
K.E 2 T2 293 = 100
= 1.03 30
K.E1 T1 283 = 15.5 %
3RT1 3RT2
u1 = ; u2 = V1 V2
M M 10.
T1 T2
u2 T2 V1 T2 300 310
= 1.02 V2 = = = 310 cm3
u1 T1 T1 300
both the average kinetic energy and r.m.s Volume of air expelled = V2 V1 = 310 300
velocity increases, but not significantly. = 10 cm3
1
Std.XI:TriumphChemistry

8RT
11. Average speed =
M
T
Average speed
M
vCH4 TCH4 M O2

v O2 TO2 M CH4
TCH4 32
1=
300 16
TCH4 = 150 K

Pbottom Vtop
12. (at constant T)
Ptop Vbottom
Pbottom 8Vbottom

Ptop Vbottom
Pbottom = 8Ptop
Pressure at the bottom (in terms of height of
water column) = 8 10 = 80 m
Depth of lake = 80 10 = 70 m.
3
13. K.E. = nRT
2
3 1
= 8.314 320
2 32
= 1 .24 102 J
18. Volume number of moles.
1
Volume
molecular mass
Tyre in which H2 is filled will be filled first.
19. The temperature 0 C = 273.15 K and pressure
1 atm is called as standard temperature and
pressure (STP). Many real gases behave as
ideal gases at 0 C and 1 atm.
20. Vav : Vrms : Vmost probable = v : u :
8RT 3RT 2RT
: :
M M M
8
:v:u= 2: : 3 = 1 : 1.128 : 1.224