/

Eng.AboElkheir@gmail.com

(1)


+ + ( ............................................................... )3
+ ( .................................................... Name plate )4
+ ( ..................................... )5
( .................................................................... )6
( .................................................................................... )8-7
- ( ................................................................................................... )9
( ......................................................................................... )10
( ............................................................................... )12-11
+ ( ............................................................... )13
( .............................................................................. )15-14
+ ( ..................................................... )16

( ..................................................................................................... )17
+ ( ..................................................... )18
+ ( ...................................................... )19
( ................................................. )20
) + (Name Plate ( .................................... )21
+ ( .................................... )22
+ ( ......................................... )23
( ................................................................................ )25-24
( ..................................................................................... )26
+ ( ............................ )27
+ ( ........................ )28
( ............................................................................................ )29
+ ( ........................................ )30

(SF6) )( .................................... (Vaccum )31
+ + ( ............................................................... )32
+ ( .................................................................. )34-33
( ) ( .................................................. )36-35
+ SF6 ( ..................................................... )37
( .......................................................................................... )38
)( ........................................................................................................... (Tunger )39
+ ( ................................................. )40
( .......................................................................................... (EFI) )41
( ..................................................................................... )42
( .......................................................... )43
+ ( ........................ )44

)(2

:
14
) (Spare ,
14
)1 : 14 14 1( )
)2 : 15 :
0 ( 14 ) 1 ( 15 )
( : )14 0 ( )0 Spare
( : )15 1 ( )15 Spare
)10,9 & 6,5(
)14,13,12,11 & 4,3,2,1(
Bus Riser Bus Coupler)8 & 7(

4 :
) (Reliability 4
, (Closed Loop) :
( Phase Sequence ) : R-S-T -1
( Voltage Magnitude ) : -2
( Frequency) : -3
( Phase Angle ) : = Zero -4
R )5,6( R Zero = )9,10(
: ) 0 = (R , ) 120 = (S , ) 240 = (T
4 :
)5,6( )9,10( )(Closed Loop
)(Open Loop

( )14 1
) (Load Breaker Switch RMU

:
( )
( )


,

)(3
 :
)1
)2
)3

)4
)5
)6
)7
: GIS
( SF6 )

): (Name Plate

: (Normal Voltage) U 22KV
: (Frequency) fr 50Hz
: (Rated Voltage) Ur
= 24KV
: (Break Down Voltage) Ud
50KV =
: (Peak Voltage) Up = 125KV
1.2 " 50 "
: (Rated Current) Ir
/ = 1250A
: (Short time withstand Current) Ik/tk
25KA = Short
1

:
: (Pressure Relief)


Lock

: (Instantaneous Trip Unit/ ITH)

:



:

)(4
 :
:

)(Skin Effect
:
:
-1 ( )
-2 ( )
:
-1 ( )Blower
-2 ( )
: Bus Coupler

:
:
: DC Loss 110VDC ( 3 )
: 110VDC ( )
: 110VDC
: 110VDC Reset

110VDC

: AC Loss 22KV

: 22KV
: 22KV
: 22KV

: Any M.C.B Trip

:
:
:

:
) : Ammeter (A

) : Voltmeter (V

3( 1 +) ( 3 )
Trip Reset

)(5
 ( ) :
/

:
: )1
( : )
( )C.B ) (MDB
RMU /
(
)
:
-1
( ) -2
(Short)

)2 ) (Megger :
:
RMU RMU MDB MDB
RMU

:

:
:
) (UPS
:

:
)1 : 2 240 2 120 2 240
)2 ) : (Voltage Drop
)3 :

:


) (Over Load ) (Starting Current

( : )220V
)1 : Shutter
)2 : Shutter
:

)(6
 ) (Inter Lock : 3 3

: ): (Inter Lock
( )3 2
( ) 3/2

4 ( )1
( )Closed Loop
( )( ) 4

: 3 2( : )3/2
3/2( : )2 (, )3 ( )
)2 ( 10 9 )1 ( 6 5
3/2
3/2
3/2
( 3/3 )

: InterLock : 3/2
) (Sepam ( )
( ) : 3/2
)1
)2
( + )
3/2 ( 3/3 )
:

3/2 ( )2 1
2
( )

: ) (InterLock :
) : (InterLock
: (Blocking Coil) :
3/3 )1
/ )2

Blocking Coil ( )
)3
( " ")

)(7
 : (Mechanical InterLock)
) : (Positive Interlock )1
Closed ( Connected 1 )
) : (Negative Interlock Connected )2
( Test 2 )
) : (Maintenance Interlock )3
Test
( Out Of Service 3 )
: (Position Closing Interlock) )4
Test ( Connected 4 )
) : (Position Withdrawal Interlock Out of Service )5
( Test 5 )
/ : (Extension Rail Interlock) Out of Service )6
/ Pins ( 6 )
/ : (Levering Interlock) )7
In Service Test Connected Open
( Closed 7 )
) : (Gag Spring Interlock In Service )8
Closed / ( 8 )
) : (Key Interlocking )9


( Test ) ( 9 )
:
:(Rating Interferance InterLock)

( )

)(8
 ) - Phase Sequence - - ) :

: Phasing )Phasing( R-S-T

R( ) ( S) ( T) ( )

3 :
/ ) : (ON ) (R S (R T) (T S) )1
/ : (Vibrate) ) (R R (S S) (T T) )2
/ ) : (OFF )3
:

)1 : Phasing
)2
)3 ( )RMU
)4 ( )
)5

: Phasing
)1 :
RMU MDB


( )
:
.i 3

.ii

.iii
: ( Phasing )ON
) )1

: )2
( )2
:
4 .i



.ii
)3 ( : (S-R) (R-S)
(T-T) ( ) :

)(9
 :
(: )Creepage Distance/Bushing )1
) (Bushing
) (Leakage Current

( )
1 1KV
Bushing) : (
.1
)(Bushing .2
.3
(22KV) .4
Bushing) : (

(400V)

)2 : )Arc Distance(
:

()
1 1KV
( )

:
( )
( ) ()
/ () Short

:

/ : )Buchholz Relay( )3
:
:
(( )1 ) : )1

()1

(( )2 ) : Short )2


( )2

: N

)(10
 :
)1 (Turns Ratio Test)
)2 )(Insulation Test
)3 )(No Load Test

: :
: 3 380V

( )
:
= 55=400/22000
380V
= 7 V = 55/380

: :
: )1
Short L
Short
E G
5KV
/

)2 :
Short L
Short
G
E 5KV
/

)3 :
Short L
Short
G
E 1KV
/

)(11
 : :
2%
( ) 2%

:
S =3 x V x I
( ) S : 1 0.5 VA
) ( V : 400V =
) ) I :

:
() : 1000KVA
1000x1000 =3 x 400 x I ( ) I=1443 A
( ) Power Loss= 2% x 1443 = 28.9A 2%

: 3 380V %3
( ) %2


: 28.9A 1000KVA

:
)1
:
)2
:
)3
:
)4
:

)(12
 :
) (Single Phase 300x1x3
) (Single Phase )300x3 (Three Phase
:

( )

:
(Single core)

) (Shield
:

Sepam
) (Earth Leakage

:
) : (1 3

) (Earth Leakage

) : (2
) (Twisting 500





: :
:

:
)1 :

)2 :

)3 :

)(13
 :

: )1
110








( )3 2 (( )2 1 " "7 InterLock )3/2

: )2
110

: )3

: )4

: )5


Fixed Contact ()Flower Box Bushing

)(14
 : )6




Short

: )7

: )8

: )9
110


110

( - - )
Spark Fixed Contact Bushing
Fixed Contact

Fixed Contact Bad Contact

)(15
 ( ) :

:
)1
)2 WD40
)3 WD40

)4
)5
)6
)7
)8
)9
)10

:
8A Starting
30A 3

: RMU

)1 )( (AVO : )
Bother
Bother
: Bother
: Bother

)2 )( (Megger : )


: / ( )
: / ( )

)3 ( (Phase Sequence) : )


: ( )ON/OFF
: (OFF)

:
1500KVA
1500KVA Sepam

)(16

:
:
)1
)2
)3

:

:
:
( )

%125

%10 5/100
10A

3 :
: 5A )1
: 2A )2
: 1A )3 ()
: 30
1A (Power Loss = I^2 x R)

( : )

( ( (5A (110VAC :

)(17
 :
)1 :
)2 /
)3
:

Name Plate: 5A 15VA S11 S12 ( )

5A 20VA S21 S22 ( )
20VA 15VA ( )
( 20VA 15VA 15VA:)20VA
: 3 )1

: )2

: 5A
)1
)2
)3
3 (R=L/A) :

Burden :
/ )1
( / 15VA )20VA
)2
: )3
.A
( P =I^2 x R) .B
:
= ()^( x 2)
( x 2^ (5A) = 15VA + + + ..... + )
:
= ()^( x 2)
( x 2^ (5A) = 20VA + + ..... + )

)(18
 ): (Saturation Curve - Magnetic Curve

( ) %10
%50

: 5/100
( 100A ) ( 5A )
: 5/5/200
( +) 5A 200A
: 5/5/200/400
400 ( 200 )

( ) :
5/5/400/800

8 ( )

)(19
 : 5/5/300/600

: 5/5/300

300A
) (Bridge - Plate
4
( )

300A
( )

: 5/5/600

300A 600A

(Bridge - Plate) 4

( )

600A
( )

:
: 5/5/5/200 3
)1
)2
)3

:
) (Fuses

)(20
 ): (Name Plate
24/50/125 KV P1-P2 = 200A
5A 15VA CL 0.5M 1S1-1S2
5A 30VA CL 5P10 2S1-2S2
I th 25/1S KA
I dyn 100 KA 50HZ

: 24/50/125 KV )(Insulation Level

( Continuous Voltage 24KV )
( Break Down Voltage 50KV )
( Impulse Voltage 125KV " 1.2 50 ")
: P1-P2 = 200A (P = Primary)
: 5A
: )5A P1-P2 = 200A( 5/5/200
: 30VA 15VA Burden
: 2S1-2S2 1S1-1S2
: CL 0.5M ) (1 ,0.5 ,0.2 ,0.1
)(M = Measuring) (CL = Class
: CL 5P10 )(P = Protection
10 (Accuracy Limit Factor) ALF
5 5%
: 2000A = 10 x 200 = ALF x Ip
) (Ip (ALF)
2000A 5%
: I th 25/1S KA
) (th = thermal Short
: I dyn 100 KA
) (dyn = dynamic Short
I dyn= 2.5 I th I dyn =100KA I th =25KA
I th

:
)1 ( : )

22KV
110VAC ( )

)2 :


110VAC Coil
(( )Resonance )
:

)(21
 ) (Fuses ) (6A0.5A
-1
0.5A
-2

) (Distortion -3


Short

:
Section : )1
110V Section Relay
Section
110V Section
)6,5( )2
( )4,3,2,1 5
6 6
)6,5( Section
)3
110V
Sepam

:
)1

)2
Sepam

): (Name Plate

: Un = 10/24KV
: In = 6.3A
: I3 = 36 A
3 ( I3 5 ) In
: I1 = 40KA Short

)(22


DC
AC DC
( )


( )

() :
)1
)2
)3
)4

)5

:
-1


-2
()
-3
-4


( )13

:
)1 (Turns Ratio Test)
)2 )(Saturation Test
)3 )(Polarity Test
)4 )(Insulation Test

:
)1 (Turns Ratio Test)
)2 )(Polarity Test
)3 )(Insulation Test

:
( ) ( )27

)(23
 : :
: (Turns Ratio Test) (Primary Injection Test) )1


( : )
)1

Short )2

: 4


50A 0.5A 50A 0.6A
100A 1.6A 100A 1.2A
200A 2.1A 200A 2.4A
400A 4.1A 400A 4.8A

:
( ) : Test )1
( : )
220V )(0300A )2
125V )(0600A
: 200A )3
2.4A ( 3.1A )
Short )4

) : (Saturation Test (Secondary Injection Test) )2

( : )
)1

)2

)3

% 10 % 50

:

V 11 9.9 6 3 1
mA 12 6 3.6 2 0.6

)(24
 ): (Polarity Test )3

( : )
6V )1
S11 )2

:
( )
:
-1

-2

-3
180 =

)4 ) : (Insulation Test

-1 ( ) :
Short L
Short E
G 5KV
( )

-2 :
Short L
Short E
( 5KV )

-3 :
Short L
Short E
( 1KV )

11KV : 22KV
22KV 11KV )1
22KV 11KV
22( 22KV ) ) 11( 11KV )2
)3
22KV 11KV : )4
22KV : 11KV 22KV 11KV

11KV : 22KV 22KV

)(25
 : :
)1 : (Turns Ratio Test)
3 380V


) = ( / (22KV (110V
= 200 = 110/22000 380V
1.9V = =
200 = 1.9/380 22KV

)2 ): (Polarity Test



Digital DC )(+
) (-
Analog

)3 ) : (Insulation Test

-1 ( ) :
L Short
E G
( 5KV )

-2 :
L Short
E 5KV
( )

-3 :
Short L
E
( 1KV )

)(26
 :

: ( ) : ( )
+Meter : + O.V+U.V+Sepam+Selector+Meter :
: ( ) : ( )
: Sepam : Sepam( )
: : ( )

C.T V.T ) + + + ):

)(27
 :
() :
: ( 0.1 ) )1
: 0.3( ) )2
: ( ) )3
: )4

() :
: : .A
)1
)2
: : .B
)1
)2
: Sepam S40
Sepam S20

/ :
: :

Ii Ir
) (OverLoad ,Long Time ,Thermal Curve
Ir
: (Rated Current) Ir


) (1 100A) (
( 2 ) ) (2
) 150A ) 1( )

: / :
Short
3 (Three Phase To Ground Fault) Earth
(Phase To Ground Fault) Earth
Icu Ii (Instantaneous ,Short Time ,Magnetic Curve)
:(Instantaneous Current ) Ii
Ii

:

.. Sepam 20
Sepam
+ Sepam
Sepam

)(28
 :
: )1

) : (Residual Current
3 IR+IS+IT = I0

Short IR+IS+IT I0
3
))I0 =| I | I
) : (Residual Voltage
3 VR+VS+VT = V0

Short VR+VS+VT V0
3
))V0 =| V | V

:
()Isc > Iset )1
))|V - I|set |V - I|sc )2
Sepam ( | ) | I
( | ) |V-I | I |+|V-I| :

: )2
( | ) | I | I | :
:
( ) : 12
1
1 2
( 51 )C.B1 2

( 51 )C.B2
+ C.B1
C.B2 C.B1 OverLoad

( ) : 67( )C.B1
C.B1
2
:
51 )1
67 )2
)3
)4
Blocking Coil )5

)(29
 ( Relays ) :
)1 : Reliability ()
( )
)2 : Sensitivity
)3 : Selectivity
)4 : Speed

) (Synchronism :

MDB
MDB ...

MDB

:
5/400
400A 5A
600A OverLoad 7.5A
5A = 2.5A = 5A 7.5A

: MDB
( : Ir )1 )(Over Load Relay
( : tr )2
( : Isd )3 (Short Current Relay)
( : tsd )4
( : Ii )5 (Instantaneous Relay)
( : Ig )6 (Earth Fault Relay)
( : tg )7
( : Alarm )8
( : Reset/Test )9
: Ii (Isd Ii) Isd
Ii
:

( : )In=2000A
1000A = 0.5x2000 = 0.5xIn = Ir 1 = tr
2000A = 2x1000 = 2xIr = Isd 0.2 = tsd
6000A = 3x2000 = 3xIn = Ii
( 640A = Ig A )J 0.2 = tg
: ( (ON Off (tg tsd) Off

)(30

(SF6) ): (Vaccum

)(Vaccum (SF6)
Vaccum SF6


SF6 Vaccum
SF6 SF6 Vaccum
%100

%99.8 %0.2


Vaccum

Short Short Short
Vaccum Short
SF6 Vaccum
( )





10,00020,000 5,00010,000
Short
10,00030,000 5,00020,000
O-0.3S-CO-3min-CO O-0.3S-CO-15S-CO
:(Open) O :(Open) O
: 0.3S : 0.3S
Short Short
0.3 = Open 0.3 = Open

:(Closing Operation) CO :(Closing Operation) CO

Short Short
Operating
: 3min : 15S
Sequence
Short
= 3 Short = 15
: = 3 : = 15
((SF6
( (Vaccum Short Short

:
: RTK SF6
: Vaccum Vaccum

)(31
 + + :
:(KN) Anti Pumping Relay )1
Shunt Closing
: Short
Anti Pumping Relay
Short ( Block )
Reset

:(YF) Shunt Closing )2

: Shunt Coil ( (Remote
) )Local/Remote
)Local)
) (Remote PLC+SCADA

:(YO1 + YO2) Shunt Opening )3

: Shunt Opening ( (Remote
) )Local/Remote
)Local)
) (Remote PLC+SCADA
:


(YO1+YO2)
) (YO1 ( )

:(YM) Under Voltage Release )4

:
( %80 )
( Shunt Coil )
)(Auto Relcoser

:(MiTop) Low Energy Release )5 Shunt Opening

: MiTop
MiTop
( )
( + (MiTop

:

: Name Plate RMU
))YO1 Shunt Opening + Shunt Close
()Under Voltage + YO2 Shunt Opening + MiTop

: 110VDC

)(32
 + :
)1 :
:


:

)2 :

)3 :

Fixed Contact

( 4)

:


ON

OFF

)4 :
/
Fixed Contact


Bushing

)5 : Dumper

)(33
 )6 ) : (Closing Spring
( )

)7 : (Opening Spring)

)8 : Closing Spring

: )9


( )
3
:

:
( ) )1
)2
( ) )3
:
( ) )1
( )
)2

( ) )3
( )

)10 :

)(34
 ( ) :
: )2( ( )4 ()5
)6( )1( )2(
( )4 )7(
( )4 )8( )9( )10(
Charged ( )11
)6( Lock )32( )12(
( )5

: Close )25( )17( )19(

)13( )14(
( )3 ( )4
( )5 ( )15
( )16 3 )19( )17( )25( :
)19( Open )20( Closed )1
)25( ( )26 )27( )2
)17( )18( )21( )3
Closed
Closed Open :
)22(
)24( ( )23( 34 )9
: ( )4 )8(
( )11

: Open )30( )31(

( )16 ( )15
( ) )17( ( )28 ( )29
)33( ()

)(35
 :
: ABB
)35( )34(

)(36
 SF6 :
SF6 6 )1
)2
5 )3
SF6 )4
)5
99.8% 0.2% + )6
H2) = H2O O( + ) ) ) (Arc :
) H2 ) ( F ) ( )
) O ) ( F S+) ( )

:
SF6

4 :
( : )1 )a( )1
( : )2 )a( )2
( )b ( )c
(d)
( : )3 ( )b ) (c )3
) (e

( )b SF6
( : )4 SF6 )4
:

)(37
 :

: )1

T
T

5KV DC :
)1

)2

: )2

T
S

5KV DC :
)1

)2

: )3






20-15( )

)4 :
( )
50 3

:
)1 ( SF6 )
)2 Short SF6
)3 SF6 99.8%

)(38
 ): (Tunger
3 380V
( Rectifier AC )DC
110VDC
( D.C )1
( D.C )2

:
)1 DC
( )
( ) :
)2 3 ( 30-15)
-1 :
-2
)3 ) :(A.H
.


)4 3 380V
( )
)5 3 380V Sellector
)6
Open Circuit DC
)7
110VDC
)8 Short
Open
)9
)10 " "

Tunger :
AC DC )1
)2
Sepam )3
)4

( = : )86 = 110VDC
( Float Voltage )1 ) : 90V140V
( = 120.4 V DC ) ( x 1.4) 86
( Hi-Rate Voltage )2 : ) 130V160V
( = 133.3 V DC ) ( x 1.55) 86
( Boost Voltage )3 ) : 170V
( = 141.9 V DC ) ( x 1.65) 86

)(39
 :

+
: + + :
:

:

:
:
DC DC




( )
:

:



=
:

:
) 1 :
)2
)3 )%15 - %10(
)4
)5

)1 :
)2
)3
) 4

)(40
 : (EFI)
(Earth Fault) (Earth Leakage)
: Earth Leakage Shield
1mA 3mA


Fault
: Earth Fault :
: Line To Earth Fault )1
: Line To Line Earth Fault )2
: Three Phase Earth Fault 3 ( ) )3

: EFI Shield
Shield

Short Earth Fault Shield
EFI

:
Shield Ferranti Coil )1
)2
)3

:
)1
Short
R.M.U )2
Fuses
EFI )3
Reset EFI : )4
) : (Manually Reset EFI
) : (Automatically 220VAC
EFI Reset

:
(RMU 3 RMU 2)

RMU
: ) )RMU 2 RMU 1
EFI RMU
Open Loop
:

)(41
 :
: ) (Megaohm Tester ) (MEGER
, ( - - -)
) 250V (DC10,000V

:
)1 : DC

)2 : ( ) ()
( )0 Short

: ) - + ( )E L( ) (L = Line )(+
) (E = Earth ) (-
3 ( ) E G L ) (G = Guard

Guard

:
) (Bushing L
E Guard Bushing

G( )

:
)1 ): (Phase Phase
L R Short
S & T Earth Short
( E )1

)2 : (Phase Earth) Earth

R L
E Earth
Earth Short S & T
G S & T
( )2

:
-1 ) (Terminals
-2
-3 Short ()1
-4 )5-1( / 1 /
-5 1KV / 5KV /

)(42
 :
:

Short

( : )
: ( )
: ( )

:
)1
2 )2
)3
:
( + + + ) ( )

:
)1 :
(
)
)2 :
( + + )
( )

:
( 5 1)


( )
) (Test Link
:
E( (Electrode) ) -1
P( (Potential - Voltage) ) -2
C( (Current) ) -3

( : )
C P
E
) 30-15(


P C E
P C E ( 10-5)

)(43
 : (IEC 62271-200)

English
KPS SF6 Leakage SF6
KL1 Local
KR1 Remote
KLT1 Lamp Test
KSU1 )Total Control System (TCS
KF1 C.B Trip
KU1 Under & Over Voltage Trip
K1 AC Voltage OK
KAM1 Any MCB Tripped
KDC1 DC Loss Ok 110V DC
Test
KQ1 C.B ON , C.B Off
( )

KWD1 Sepam WatchDog ( :
" )"

/ /
Q2 3 Q7 3
Q3 3 Q8 110V DC
Q4 3 PM710 Q9 110V DC
Q5 3 Q10 110V DC
Q6 3 Selector Q11 220V AC

:
: C.T : (C.T )

)(44
 Reference / Subject /
1 http://3marh.mam9.com/t4401-topic
2 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s06q9hQytcc
3 Current transformers ) / (
4 MCT1600_UG

5 Current transformers Principle of operation of CT EEE
6 Testing and Commissioning of Current Transformer by Edvard
7 Bushing (electrical) Wikipedia Bushing
8 Buchholz Relay operation and principle www.electrical4u.com

9 Buchholz Relay - Construction, Working by Kiran Daware
10 Preparing to synchronize a generator to the grid by Edvard
11 ) (
12 Instructions for Installation, Operation and Maintenance of 24kV
13 Power/Vac Metal-Clad Switchgear and Vacuum Circuit Breakers
14 05-136-48049 Schneider Electric
15 ABB-fuses_ATO katalog_ENG_W7_8-05-15

16 AC0479EN_print
17 medium-voltage-switchgears 24kV automatica
18 AE_Understnd_Insulation_Res_Testing
19 ELECTRICAL INSULATION TESTING SUB-02-613

20
21 Measurement of insulation resistance (IR) Part 2 by jiguparmar
22 relaytraining.com.com-PTs-Back_to_the_Basics P.T
23 ) (
24 Anti Pumping Relay and its Operating Principle by Janshair K.
25 AMTED304010EN.indd Relays
26 Difference between Shunt Trip and Undervoltage Trip by gohz
27 AMTED304010EN_print
28 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gFoBt_wYe14
29 Circuit breakers SF 1 to 40.5 kV SF6 switchgear by Merlin Gerin
30 Evolis circuit breakers 17.5 kV schneider
31 hvx_selection_en.pdf
32 Catalogo-2011.pdf SM6 Modular units

33 AMTED397052EN.indd
34 F10 Earth Fault Indicator USER MANUAL
35 EFI.02 EARTH FAULT INDICATOR INSTALLATION
EFI
36 Nortroll_CableTroll_ENG.pdf
37 Earth Fault Indicator(HORSTMANN GMBH).pdf
38
39 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S3bV9ZWD1L4
40 /
41 Digital Earth Resistance Tester MODEL 4105A
42 / -2013-

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