English Department English 10

Prepared by: Abel M. Cadias, MA-ESL

INTEGRATED TOEFL LESSON # 3

Name:
Score:
I. Vocabulary
A. Adjectives: Use the A-C-G strategies to guess the meaning of the
following underlined words. NO DICTIONARY. You will discuss the
meaning of these words with your teacher.

1. The White Rhino is known for being more sociable and placid, while
the Black Rhinos aggressive attacks have been known to occur with
no apparent provocation.
2. Rhinos make extensive use of their sense of smell to communicate
to and with others that they are present.
3. Rhinoceroses are, generally, solitary animals that prefer to live an
independent life.
4. Females are frequently killed in aggressive attacks from territorial
males and are unable to defend themselves against the males
strength and sheer force.

B. Use one of the underlined adjectives above in a sentence.

She is an independent person; she can stay without other person.
II. Reading

Rhinoceroses are, generally, solitary animals that prefer to live an independent life.
White Rhinos tend to be a little more social. However, they all demand their own
territories, particularly the males of the species. In order to ensure that they can secure
their territory, certain behavior has been established. This behavior is sometimes
Line 5 aggressive, and sometimes displayed merely as a warning.

It is not always clear to researchers and onlookers where exactly the territory of one
rhino ends and the next begins. Territories are marked, or claimed, by the rhinos
spraying urine at regular intervals on the trees and bushes of the area. They will squirt
urine onto a tree, bush or trunk every five to six minutes when establishing their
Line 10 territory. They will also scatter their dung throughout the region. Rhinos make
extensive use of their sense of smell to communicate to and with others that they are
present. Therefore, when other rhinoceroses enter the territory, they will be aware of
the presence of another animal, implying that the territory is not available for
habitation.

Territorialism among rhinos effectively limits the number of these animals that can
inhabit a specific area. This is becoming increasingly important as habitat loss
Line17 becomes more of a threat to the rhinos survival. This is also of vital
importance within a game reserve, where there is limited space available. If
rhinoceroses are forced to co-exist in a space that does not allow for them to establish
their own territories of the size they need, the results have been severe stress, injury
and death, as they fight aggressively to establish dominance.

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 English Department English 10
Prepared by: Abel M. Cadias, MA-ESL

In order to scare off intruders, rhinos will usually charge at them. Because their
Line 23 eyesight is not at all good, this is a blind charge and can even lead to them running
straight into a tree or other foliage. When running, a rhino can reach speeds of about
55 kilometres per hour (or around 35 miles per hour). Surprisingly, rhinos can change
direction quickly and deftly, even when running, which is unexpected due to their size
and heftiness. When covering longer distances (chasing another rhino right off their
territory, for example), this animal can maintain a speed of about 30 miles or 50
kilometres per hour.

Line 30 Certain rhino species are less aggressive than others. The White Rhino is known for
being more sociable and placid, while the Black Rhinos aggressive attacks have been
known to occur with no apparent provocation. Males are certainly more aggressive
than females across all species of rhino. Females are frequently killed in aggressive
attacks from territorial males and are unable to defend themselves against the
Line 35 males strength and sheer force. However, for the most part, females are
tolerated within a territory that belongs to another rhino. Young bulls only
stand a chance of winning over territory if the original inhabitant is old, weak or
injured in some ways.

The sizes of the rhino territories differ somewhat. A female will require an
Line 39 area of about three to nine square kilometres, which is equivalent to between
one and four square miles. Males require less room, since they roam in search
of a mate. Therefore, they will only demand a core area of about 0.75 to four square
kilometres (0.3 to just over 1.5 square miles).

A. Determine the characteristics of the rhinos by ticking the

appropriate box.

White Black male female

Rhinos Rhinos Rhinos Rhinos
(extinct)
solitary animals, but
demand territories X x x x

highly aggressive x x

tolerated within a territory

by another rhino x

Roam in search of a mate x

B. Answer the following questions by highlighting the correct answer

1. What does the word intervals in line 8 refer to?
A. distance
B. volume
C. time

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 English Department English 10
Prepared by: Abel M. Cadias, MA-ESL
D. habit

2. What does they in line 9 refer to?

A. rhinos
B. researchers
C. animals
D. onlookers

3. How big does the female rhinos territory require?

A. 8-10 square kilometers
B. at least five square miles
C. 3-9 square kilometers
D. 4-5 square miles

4. The word intruders in line 23 is closest in meaning to

A. outsiders and onlookers
B. male rhinos
C. friends and enemies
D. humans and other animals

5. It can be inferred from the passage that solitary (Line 1) means

A. alone
B. fierce
C. communal
D. domesticated

6. How do rhinos mark their territories?

A. with footprint
B. with smell
C. with urine
D. with sign

7. The word placid in line 32 is closest in meaning to

A. not friendly
B. easily gets excited
C. calm
D. bad tempered

8. How fast do rhinos run?

A. 50 kilometer/ hour
B. 55 kilometers/ hour
C. 30 miles/ hour
D. 55 meters/ hour

9. How do female rhinos frequently killed?

A. from hunting

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 English Department English 10
Prepared by: Abel M. Cadias, MA-ESL
B. from running
C. from attacks by male rhinos
D. from accidents caused by their poor eyesight

10. What does this passage mainly discuss about?

A. the mating behaviors of rhinos
B. the territorial behaviors of rhinos
C. how rhinos are killed
D. the extinction of Black Rhinos

III. Structure
Phrasal verbs are usually two-word phrases consisting of verb + adverb or
verb + preposition. When these words are combined, the phrase may
represent many meanings. Study the examples below:

1. In order to scare of intruders, rhinos will usually

charge at them.
2. Young bulls only stand a chance of winning over
territory if the original inhabitant is old, weak or injured in some ways.

A. Use the underlined phrases above in a sentence.

- Dog are scare of cat.
- Liverpool is winning over in this game.
Here are some examples of phrasal verbs:
ask someone out - invite on a date
Brian asked Judy out to dinner and a movie.
ask around - ask many people the same question
I asked around but nobody has seen my wallet.
add up to - something equal
Your purchases add up to $205.32.

More: https://www.englishclub.com/vocabulary/phrasal-
verbs-list.htm

B. Complete the following sentences with appropriate phrasal verbs. Use the
link above as your reference: B C D E - F

1. My grandparents __brought__ me __up__ after my parents died.

2. You'll have to run faster than that if you want to catch_up_ with Marty.
3. My teacher wants me to do___ my essay _over_ because she doesn't
like my topic.
4. We __ended_ up__ renting a movie instead of going to the theatre.
5. His hair started to _fall_out_ when he was only 35.