ESE-2017 : Prelims Exam E&T

UPSC Engineering Services Examination ENGINEERING

Test 1: Part Syllabus Technical
Answer Key & Solutions
Network Theory

1. (b) 16. (a) 31. (b) 46. (b) 61. (a)

2. (b) 17. (b) 32. (b) 47. (c) 62. (b)

3. (b) 18. (b) 33. (b) 48. (a) 63. (c)

4. (c) 19. (a) 34. (c) 49. (d) 64. (d)

5. (a) 20. (a) 35. (c) 50. (b) 65. (b)

6. (d) 21. (d) 36. (a) 51. (b) 66. (b)

7. (b) 22. (a) 37. (b) 52. (a) 67. (b)

8. (b) 23. (b) 38. (b) 53. (a) 68. (c)

9. (c) 24. (c) 39. (c) 54. (d) 69. (c)

10. (c) 25. (c) 40. (c) 55. (a) 70. (d)

11. (b) 26. (c) 41. (c) 56. (b) 71. (b)

12. (b) 27. (c) 42. (b) 57. (c) 72. (d)

13. (c) 28. (a) 43. (b) 58. (b) 73. (a)

14. (d) 29. (a) 44. (d) 59. (b) 74. (c)

15. (b) 30. (b) 45. (d) 60. (a) 75. (a)
 E&T Engineering | Test 1 : Network Theory 13

DETAILED EXPLANATIONS

2. (b)
For parallel resonant circuit

C 105
Q = R = 100
L 103
100
= = 10
10

3. (b)
3

4 3
6V 3

3 I

Converting into Y
1.2 0.9 1.2 3.9 1.2
I
I I
1.2
6V 3 = 6V 4.2 I 6V 2.022
3 I

6
Here I = = 1.86 A
3.22
I 4.2 1.86 4.2
Using current division rule I = 4.2 + 3.9 = 8.1 = 0.966A ; 1 A

4. (c)
For parallely connected capacitors C1 and C2, let the voltage across their terminal at steady state be V.
+

C1 V C2

Q1 Q2
where, V = =
C1 C2
C1 Q1 70 1
or =
C2 = Q = 280 4 ...(i)
2
Also, the charge shared by C1 and C2 is
Q1 + Q2 = 100 C ...(ii)
From equation (i) and (ii)
Q1 = 20 C and Q2 = 80 C
In steady state C1 will have charge of 20 C and C2 will have charge of 80 C.

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14 ESE 2017 Prelims Exam Offline Test Series

5. (a)

R L
9V

20 V
+
15 V C

For series RLC circuit

V = VR2 + (VL VC )2

15 = VR2 + 92
or 225 81 = VR2
or VR = 144 V = 12 V
VR2 + VL2 = (20)2
144 + VL2 = (400)
or VL = 16 V
Therefore VL VC = 9 V
VC = 7 V

6. (d)
At steady state, for dc excitation, the capacitor acts as an open circuit
a

8 I1 4

I2
12 V b c
+ VC

4 2

I1 = 12 = 1 A
8+4
12
and I2 = =2A
4+2
In the loop bcd
VC + 2 I2 4I1 = 0
or VC = 2 2 4 1 = 0 V
thus, the charge accumulated with be = 0

7. (b)
To find the Thevenins equivalent make X - Y open circuit, then VX Y is the open circuit voltage V0,
Here, 10 + 0.2V0 + V0 = 0
1.2 V0 = 10
V0 = 8.33 V

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 E&T Engineering | Test 1 : Network Theory 15

5 X
+
1
V0 = VXY
+ I 1 = 0.2VXY
10 V


Y
Next, short circuit is applied across X - Y
5
X +

1
I1 = 0 Isc VXY = 0

10 V

Y
10
Isc = = 1.67 A
1+ 5
V0 8.33
RTh = = =5
Isc 1.67

8. (b)
Let current -I enters from a in the mesh network and comes out at b . At a after entering network, it will
I
be equally divided in four paths to proceed further in the network. Thus, current flowing through ab is .
4
Similarly, we can say at b node currents converge from its adjacent four branches to come out finally as I.
I
Thus, current coming out through ab branch is . Hence the total current flowing through branch ab is
4
I I I I
+ = . The voltage drop across ab branch is thus R 2 as R is the resistance of ab branch. The
4 4 2
effective resistance between a and b is thus given by
I
R
Reff = 2 = R
I 2
9. (c)
The h -parameter h21 can be determined by using Z-parameters
Z A + ZB 2 + 4
Z11 = = = 3 = Z 22
2 2
ZB Z A 4 2
Z 12 = = = 1 = Z 21
2 2
V1 = Z11 I 1 + Z12 I 2
V1 = 3 I1 + I2
and V2 = I1 + 3 I2
Z 21 I 1
h21 = =+ 2 =
Z 22 I1 V2 = 0
3

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16 ESE 2017 Prelims Exam Offline Test Series

10. (c)
for an ideal transformer, K = 1
M = L1 L2
XM = X1 X 2
where, X 1 = Reactance of the primary coil
X 2 = Reactance of the secondary coil
XM = Mutual reactance
XM = 28 = 4
X = 2fL
XM 4
M = = = 40 mH
2f 100

11. (b)
K (s + 3) K (s + 3)
Z ( s) =
(s (1+ j ))(s (1 j )) = s 2 + 2s + 2
3K
Given, Z(0) = =3
2
K = 2

12. (b)
2V1
a I1 1 b 1
c
+ + +

1
V1 2I1 V2
3I1

e d
In loop abcde, applying KVL
V1 = I1 + 3I1 + 2 V1 + 3I1
V1 = 7I1 ...(i)
Again in branch cd V2 = 3I1 ...(ii)
Using equation (i) and (ii)
V2 3
=
V1 7

14. (d)
A short in any type of circuit causes the total circuit resistance to decrease and thereby the current to
increase.

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 E&T Engineering | Test 1 : Network Theory 17

15. (b)
Thevenins equivalent of network A
2
A

10 V

B
equivalent of the network shown in the Fig. (ii)
2
+

+ 3 VTh
10 V

10
VTH = 3 = 6 V
3+2
RTH: Deactivate independent source
2

Rth
32 6
RTH = = = 1.2
3+2 5
16. (a)
Vc = V final + (Vinitial Vfinal) e t / RC = 0 + (5 0) e t / RC
0.1
5
= 5e 40k C
e
0.1
= 1
40k C
or C = 2.5 F

17. (b)
All the three conditions are true, but in question minimal set of conditions asked. As without condition 2,
condition 1 or condition 3 is not supportable, so option (b) is the correct choice.
Note : due to ambiguity marks has been given to all.

18. (b)
i 1 A 10

+
0.3Vx A
20 V 10
+ Vx

Applying KCL at node A

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18 ESE 2017 Prelims Exam Offline Test Series

Vx 20 Vx
+ = 0.3 Vx
1 10
10 Vx 200 + Vx = 3 Vx
8Vx = 200
Vx = 25 V
25 20
i = =5A
1
Since current is entering the voltage source therefore, power absorbed by voltage source is
P = 20i
= 20 5 = 100 W

19. (a)
i x = i2 + i3 = 3 A
i1 + i4 + ix = 0
i4 = i1 ix
= 4 A

20. (a)
2
Vrms
Pav =
10

42 22 22 22 2
2
Vrms = 42 + + + + V = 30 V 2
2 2 2 2

30
Pav = =3W
10

21. (d)
R Ls 2 s

V(s) I(s) 1 V(s) I(s) 2/s

Cs

The voltage across the inductor

VL (s) = Ls I(s)
s s + 1 1
= 2
=
s + 2s + 2 (s + 1)2 + 1
using inverse Laplace transform
we get, vL(t) = et [cost sint] u (t) V

22. (a)
For RL driving point impedance function the lowest critical frequency is zero.

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 E&T Engineering | Test 1 : Network Theory 19

23. (b)
Using super position theorem
1

X Y
i1

1A

i1 = 1 A
1

X Y

+
1V
i2

i2 = 0 A
i = i1 i2 = 1 A

24. (c)
From maximum power transfer theorem;
RS

VS RL

P = I 2 RL
VS2
or P = RL ...(i)
(R S + R L )2
Hence Pmax at RL = RS
VS2
Pmax =
4RS
From equation (i), we see first as RL increases the power delivered to the load (P ) is increased upto a
maximum value Pmax then P starts declining for further increament in RL.

25. (c)
Here P and Q comprising one node
applying KCL, we get
20 + I1 = 25 + I2 ...(i)
Also R and S comprising one node
15 I1 10 + 30 = 0
I1 = 45 10 = 35 A ...(ii)

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20 ESE 2017 Prelims Exam Offline Test Series

from (i) and (ii)

I2 = 20 + 35 + (25)
I2 = 30 A

26 (c)
Since Z (0) = constant so R0 is present and pole at = so L is also present.

27. (c)
Poles and zeros of an LC function must lie on j-axis and also they should interlace.
Hint: Always find residue to check LC driving point immittances.

28. (a)
Whenever an ideal voltage source and ideal current source are connected in series, they will behave like an
ideal current source alone and if they are connected in parallel, they will behave like an ideal voltage source
alone.

30. (b)
For reciprocal networks,
Z12 = Z21
Y12 = Y21
A B
= 1
C D
h12 = h21

31. (b)
Duality means, the mathematical representation of both the networks should be identical (KVL and KCL).
Loop equations of one network are analogous to the node equations of the other.

32. (b)
M = K L1 L2
where K = coefficient of coupling
Kmax = 1
Mmax = 81 49 mH
= 9 9 7 7 mH
= 63 mH

33. (b)
Vx

ix
200
1 k 1A
200 ix +

Vx
ix =
1k
200 ix = 0.2 Vx

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 E&T Engineering | Test 1 : Network Theory 21

Vx Vx 0.2Vx
and + = 1A
1k 200
Vx = 200 V

Vx
Req = = 200
1A

34. (c)
Ideal voltage sources of different values cannot be connected in parallel, because voltage across a parallel
paths will be equal.
Ideal current sources of different values cannot be connected in series, because current through a series
circuit path is same.

35. (c)
v (t) = 2[u (t ) u (t 2)] V
i(t) = [r (t) r (t 2)] A
d i(t)
v (t) = 2 ...(i)
dt
d i (t )
for inductor, v (t) = L ...(ii)
dt
from (i) and (ii), element is inductor with an inductance of 2 H

36. (a)

37. (b)
From final value theorem
s (2s+ 6)
vc () = lim =2V
s0 s(s + 3)
38. (b)
j

5 2

For RC driving point impedance function, the poles and zeros are alternate on negative real axis with a pole
located near to the origin.

41. (c)
For maximum power transfer

ZL = ZTh
Calculating ZTH across ab

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22 ESE 2017 Prelims Exam Offline Test Series

1 j1 1 a

j1 ZTh

b
Z Th = [1 j (1 j )] + 1
j (1 j )
= + 1
1+ j j
= j (1 j ) + 1
= j+1+1
= 2+j

ZL = ZTh = 2j

42. (b)

1t
L 0
i (t) = v (t )dt + i (0)

4
1
2 0
i (t = 4) = 10(1 t )dt + 2A

4
10 t 2
= t + 2 A
2 2 0

16
= 5 4 + 2A
2
= 5(4 8) + 2 A
= 18 A

43. (b)
1 1V

+

2 2
1
+

2Va +
2V Va 2 ISC

1
Using Nodal analysis,
Va 2Va 2 Va Va 0
+ + = 0
2 2 2
Va 1 2
+ ISC + = 0
2 1
after solving, ISC = 2 A

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 E&T Engineering | Test 1 : Network Theory 23

44. (d)
Given graph is a complete graph
the maximum number of possible trees = nn 2
where n = total number of nodes
n=4
Total number of trees = 4(4 2)
= 42 = 16

45. (d)
Given f = 1.5 MHz
C = 150 pF
BW = 10 kHz
For series RLC circuit
f0 1.5 103
Q = = = 150
BW 10
1
also, Q =
RC
1
= 2 1.5 106 150 1012 R
150
106
R = = 4.71
2 1.5 150 150

46. (b)
23
Z AB = + ((3 + j 4) (3 j 4))
6
23 (3 + j 4)(3 j 4)
= +
6 6
23 25 48
= + =
6 6 6
= 8

47. (c)
v (t) = 160sin(t + 10) V
i(t) = 5sin(t 20) A
Phase difference between v (t) and i(t) = 30
Reactive power absorbed by the network N is,

160 5
Q = sin(30) VAR
2 2
= 200 VAR

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24 ESE 2017 Prelims Exam Offline Test Series

48. (a)

s 2 + 4.5s + 4.5
F (s) =
2.5 + 3.5s + s 2

(s + 3)(s + 1.5)
F (s) =
(s + 1)(s + 2.5)
j

3 2.5 1.5 1

Singularity nearer to the origin is pole, then F (s) is RC impedance or RL admittance.

49. (d)
K (s + )(s + 1)
F (s) =
(s + 2)(s + 8)
Given
K 1
F (0) = =1
16
and F () = K = 4
= 4
4(s + 4)(s + 1)
hence F (s) =
(s + 2) (s + 8)
Zero is nearer to the origin, poles and zeros are interlace, hence F (s) can be either RL impedance function
or RC admittance function.
In the Question it is given that, the function is an RC function. So, it can be an admittance function.

50. (b)
1 I1 V1 Y3 0V 2
+
I2 +

V1 Y1 gmV1 Y2 V2 = 0

1 2

I2
Y21 =
V1 V
2 =0

when V2 = 0
V1Y3 + I2 = gmV1
I2
V1 = Y21 = gm Y3

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 E&T Engineering | Test 1 : Network Theory 25

51. (b)
For maximum power to be transferred
2
n1
RL = n RL = RTh
2
2
1
45 = 5
n
2
1
9 =
n
1
or n =
3

52. (a)
At t = 0+, switch is closed, capacitor acts as a short circuit and inductor acts as an open circuit.
1

10 V i(0+ )

10
i(0+) = = 10 A
1
At t = ; capacitor acts as an open circuit and inductor acts as a short circuit.

10
i() = = 10 A
1
i(0+) = 10 A
i() = 10 A

53. (a)

M = K L1 L2

M = 0.25 0.6 0.6 = 0.15 H

d i1
V2 = M
dt

d
= 0.15 (6 sin100t )
dt
= 15 6 cos100t
= 90cos100t V

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26 ESE 2017 Prelims Exam Offline Test Series

54. (d)
For series resonant circuit
1 L
Q =
R C
L 4L
C C /4
4 L
Q = = 4Q
R C
selectivity Q of the circuit
option (d) is the correct option.
55. (a)
For RLC circuit

Q = 1 L/C = 1
R 2
R
= C /L
2
For undamped response, = 0
so, R = 0
For underdamped response, < 1
R
so, C /L < 1
2
L
or R < 2
C
for critically damped response, = 1
L
so, R = 2
C
for overdamped response, > 1
L
so, R > 2
C
57. (c)
L1
q1 =
R1
L2
q2 =
R2
L 1 = q1 R1
L 2 = q2 R2
Coils are connected in series
So, q R = L1 + L2 = q1R1 + q2R2
q1 R1 + q2 R2
q=
R
R = R1 + R2
q1 R1 + q2 R2
q=
R1 + R2

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 E&T Engineering | Test 1 : Network Theory 27

58. (b)
Vs j L
V2 =
R + L

Vs2(L)2 Vs 300 L
V2 = =
R2 + (L)2 1002 (300 L)2

150 = 250 300 L

1002 + (300 L)2
250 300
1002 + (300L)2 = L = 500 L
150
10000 + 90000 L2 = 250000 L 2
160000 L2 = 10000
1
L2 =
16
1 1
L = = = 0.25 H
16 4

59. (b)
V1
h12 =
V2 I1 = 0

0A 2 2
1 2
+ + + +

V1 V1 1 V2 4 V2

1 2

1 V
when I1 = 0, V1 = V2 = 2
1+ 2 3
V1 1
h12 = =
V2 3

60. (a)
For parallel circuit

1 RL2 L / C
0 =
LC RC2 L / C

L
= 50 (ohm)2
C

RL2 = 36 (ohm)2

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28 ESE 2017 Prelims Exam Offline Test Series

In order to get resonance, the quantity within the square root should be positive

2 L L
since RL < , R2 also should be less than
C .
C C

RC2 < 50 (ohm)2

RC < 7.07
only option (a) is less than 7.07

61. (a)

1 1
8 j +
4 j 4 j 1 322
Z ( j ) = 10 + = 10 +
1
+
1
+ 8 j 4 j (2 322 )
4 j 4 j

Under resonant condition = 1 32 2 = 0

1
2 =
32
1
= rad/sec
4 2
63. (c)
L1 + L2 + 2 M = 7H
L1 + L2 2 M = 1.8 H
L1 + L2 = 4.4 H
M = 1.3 H

65. (b)
the impedance matrix for figure - 1 is,

V1 j L1 + j M I1
= + j M
V2 j L2 I2

L M
so, [L ] = 1
M L2
By comparing with given inductance matrix,
M = 4, L1 = 5, L2 = 7
for figure - 2,
Leq = L1 + L2 2 M
= 4H

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 E&T Engineering | Test 1 : Network Theory 29

66. (b)

R1
R2

L C

L
R12
1 C
0 =
LC 2 L
R2
C
Parallel resonance will occur at all frequencies when

R12 = R22 = L /C

67. (b)
Any four terminal passive network can be converted to equivalent T or network. Thevenins theorem or
Nortons theorem can also be used to get a transfer function.
But R is not correct explanation of A.

68. (c)
A is true but R is false.
In reason (R), it should be purely resistive.

69. (c)
Power factor generally does not change with temperature directly.

72. (d)
A capacitor has one pole at s = 0 and driving point impedance is
1
Z(s) =
sC

73. (a)
+

Q i (t ) dt = Q

For unit impulse current,

+ 0+
(t) dt = (t) dt = 1
0

Q = 1C
Q2 1
WE = = J
2C 2C

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30 ESE 2017 Prelims Exam Offline Test Series

74. (c)

VR VL VC

Vs

Vs = VR2 + (VL VC )2

= 3002 + (100 500)2 = 500 V

Statement given in R is wrong.

75. (a)
At resonance, the voltage across the inductor and across the capacitor are equal in magnitude but are
opposite in phase. So that, the net voltage across inductor and capacitor combination is zero.
Hence, option (a) is correct.

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