Basics Of Computer

Hardware
Components of a Computer
System

Hardware
Software
Liveware
Computer Hardware

System Unit
Central Processing Unit (CPU)
also called The Chip, Microprocessor or simply The
Processor

Main Memory (RAM)

Storage Devices
Input Devices
Output Devices
CPU (Central Processing
Unit)
CPU or microprocessor is often described as the
brain of a computer
CPU is an integrated circuit or chip which processes
instructions and data.
CPU speed or CPU performance is measured by the
completed Instruction Cycles Per Second (IPS).
Currently, CPU speeds range from
600 megahertz (MHz or million cycles
per second) to 4 gigahertz (GHz or
billion cycles per second).
CPU (Central Processing
Unit)
Processing performance of computers is
increased by using multi-core processors,
which essentially is plugging two or more
individual processors (called cores in this sense)

into one integrated circuit.

(Eg: Intel Core i5, AMD Phenom II X4, )

RAM (Main Memory)

RAM or Random Access Memory

It is a volatile type of memory
Holds instructions for processing data,
processed data, and raw data.
Ram is measured by:
Capacity (in Megabytes or Gigabytes)

Frequency (in MHz)

Memory (RAM)

Amount of RAM installed will

determine.
Which software applications will run
(efficiently)?
How many software applications can be
open simultaneously? (multitasking
ability)
Typesof RAM:
SRAM (Static RAM)
DRAM (Dynamic RAM)
Storage Devices

Magnetic storage devices store

data by magnetizing particles on a
disk or tape.
Optical storage devices store data
as light and dark spots on the disk
surface.
Storage Devices

Hard Disk Drives

Capacity is measured in gigabytes
(GB or billions of bytes).
Typically permanently installed.
Used to store operating system,
application software, utilities and
data.
Magnetic storage device.
Storage Devices

Other Storage Devices :

CD, DVD, BD
External Hard Drives
USB Flash Drive (Pen drive or
Thumb drive)
Input Devices

Inputdevices gather and translate

data into a form the computer
understands.

Primary input device:

Keyboard - Most common input device; used to
type in commands and data.
Mouse or Trackball enhances users ability to
input commands, manipulate text, images.
Touchpad or Touchscreen
Joystick useful for Gaming
More Input Devices

Scanners

Webcams

Microphones
Output Devices

Monitors are the most commonly

used output device.
Most monitors use a bitmap (Raster) display.
Allows user to resize the display.
Divides the screen into a matrix of tiny square
dots called pixels.
The more dots a screen can display, the
higher the resolution of the monitor.
For example: CRT(Cathode Ray Tube), LCD (Liquid
Crystal Display)
Output Devices

Other output devices:

Speakers
Printers
Projectors
The End.

Thank You!