CHEMISTRY LAB REPORT

Rocket Project

Praewa Kobkurkul 5861120

Kanyapat Thongta 5861048
Saruttaya Rungsakorn 5861140
Yanisa Lekprasert 5861305
Phimlaphas Munikanond 5861310

General Chemistry
Mahidol University International Demonstration School
Thursday, February 16th 2017 12.05 - 13.05
Lab Instructor - PWin
Lecture Intructure - Ms.Sorasaree Tonsiengsom
11TH
GRADE SCIENCE
 Table of contents
Abstract 2

Introduction 2

Hypothesis 2

Materials 3-5

Procedures 5-8

Data 9

Results 10

Discussion 10

Calculations 10-11

Conclusion 11

1
ABSTRACT
We created our own rocket and launcher to demonstrate our project. We
focused on finding the best ratio of our chemical variable for the rocket to fly
nicely and hit the target. We finally hit one of the circle around the target which
is about 16 meters away from the starting point. We used about 150 ml of vinegar
and 15.7 grams of baking soda to produce the reaction of 5.28 grams carbon
dioxide in the rocket. After that we try again with the same ratio of the vinegar
and baking soda, but it didnt hit the target. Maybe because of the wind that
changes the direction of the rocket.

INTRODUCTION
In order to lift something up against the gravity, it needs a strong push.
This required push comes from the chemical reaction happening inside the
object. In this experiment, we will be focusing on launching bottle rocket using
vinegar(acetic acid) which is an acidic chemical compound and baking
soda(sodium bicarbonate), the basic fine white powder. These two household
chemicals will cause acid-base reaction. This reaction will produce water and
carbon dioxide which will be appear as bubbles (CH3COOH + NaHCO3
NaCH3COO + H2O +CO2). The pressure from Co2 will propel the rocket to move
forward by releasing new compound formed by vinegar and baking soda at high
pressure.

The objective of this experiment is to observe a chemical reaction. Our

hypothesis is if the ratio between baking soda (base) and vinegar (acid) is 4:1 in
mole, then the rocket would fly the best and possibly hit the target.

HYPOTHESIS
If the ratio between baking soda (base) and vinegar (acid) is 4:1 in mole,
then the rocket would fly the best and possibly hit the target.

2
MATERIALS
Rocket Fuel
1. Vinegar 2. Baking soda

3. Weight balancing machine 4. Measuring cylinder

3
Rocket Body
1. Plastic bottles 2. Scissors 3. Duct tape

4. Spray paint 5. Acrylic colours 6. Hard paper

Rocket Launcher

1. PVC pipe or cardboard tube 2. Cutting utensil 3. Duct tape

4
 4. Futureboard 5. Rubber hammer 6. PVC pipe cutter

PROCEDURES
The Rocket

1. Started making the body of the rocket by cutting the fins out of a cardboard paper.

5
2. Cut the top part of a different bottle and tape that at the bottom of another one
to make a rockets head.

3. Paint the rocket with acrylic paint in grey and black.

The Launcher

1.Cut the PVC pipe into smaller pieces 2. Make the body part. Then
connect it with the base. by starting with the base first.

6
3. Lastly, cut the pipe measuring the size that equals to the size of the rocket and
connect them to the body.

Launching day

1. Measure vinegar in the amount that we thought would make the rocket flies
properly. Weight baking soda in the amount that we thought would react with
vinegar effective enough to make the rocket reach the target (20-25 meters away).

7
2.Weight the rocket. 3. Wrap the baking soda with tissue
paper.

4. Put the baking soda that was wrapped with tissue paper in the whole and close
it with a wooden cork.

5. Place the rocket on the launcher which made 45 degree angle with the ground
waiting for it to fly.

8
 DATA
Balancing Equation: CH3COOH + NaHCO3 NaCH3COO + H2O + CO2

Vinegar Baking soda Gas Carbon dioxide Hit

Formula Formula NaHCO3 Formula CO2 Angle Distance Target
CH3 COOH MW 84.001 g/mol MW 44.01 (degree) (m) (Y/N)
Trial MW 60.05 accuracy
No. g/mol

Volume Mol (g) Mol (g) mol

(mL)

1 150 0.12 15.47 0.183 5.28 0.12 45 - N

2 150 0.12 10.25 0.122 5.28 0.12 45 1 N

3 150 0.12 20.18 0.24 5.28 0.12 45 1.2 N

4 100 0.08 20.12 0.24 3.52 0.08 45 5 N

5 100 0.08 25.85 0.308 3.52 0.08 45 7 N

6 570 0.46 30 0.357 20.24 0.46 45 - N

7 200 0.16 15 0.179 7.04 0.16 45 - N

8 250 0.2 15 0.179 8.8 0.19 45 - N

9 250 0.2 20 0.238 8.8 0.19 40 - N

10 150 0.12 15.7 0.187 5.28 0.12 40 16 Y (1)

11 150 0.12 15.7 0.187 5.28 0.12 40 - N

12 150 0.12 15.7 0.187 5.28 0.12 40 - N

9
RESULT
The best amount of the chemical was 15.7g of baking soda (0.187 mol) and 150 ml
of vinegar that has 5% of acetic acid in it (0.12 mol of acetic acid), which
produced 0.12 mol of Carbon dioxide as a fuel. Carbon dioxide created pressure
inside the rocket, later made it flew the farthest reaching the target which was
about 17.5 meters away from the launching area. The rocket hit the point where
it was 1 point out of 5 points.

DISCUSSION

The chemical usage in this project is one of the most important factors
causing the rocket to travel. Our group tried to use different amount of chemical,
by increasing or decreasing either baking soda or vinegar, to see what worked
the best. At first, the result didnt really show the relationship between the
chemicals since we had problems closing the bottle causing it to leak out.
Nevertheless, after we became more familiar and were able to close the bottle
properly, we started to notice the difference when we changed the amount of
chemicals. We thought that if we used a lot of vinegar, the rocket will be able to
go really far. But it turned out that when we used 570 Ml of vinegar and 30 grams
of baking soda, the rocket went less further than the time we used less chemical.
As a result, we tried to balance both the amount of vinegar and baking soda.
Lastly, when we used 150 Ml of vinegar and 15.7 grams of baking soda, the rocket
hit the target the most precise.

CALCULATIONS (Only for the ratio that made the rocket fly the best )
CH3COOH + NaHCO3 NaCH3COO + H2O + CO2

1. Molar mass

NaHCO3 (Baking soda) 22.99+1.008+12.01+(16.00x3) = 84.01 g/mol

CH3COOH (Vinegar with 5% of acetic acid)

12.01+(1.008x3)+12.01+16.00+16.00+1.008 = 60.05 g/mol

10
CO2 (Carbon dioxide) 12.01+(16.00x2) = 44.01 g/mol

2. Number of grams and milliliters

NaHCO3 (Baking soda) 15.7 g

CH3COOH (Vinegar with 5% of acetic acid) 150 mL

CO2 (Carbon dioxide) 5.28 g

3. Number of mol

NaHCO3 (Baking soda) (15.7 g) / (84.01 g/mol) = 0.187 mol

CH3COOH (Vinegar with 5% of acetic acid) ((5/100) x 150 mL) / (60.05 g/mol) =
0.12 mol

4. Find the limiting reagent

(Mol of NaHCO3 / its coefficient) x CO2 coefficient (0.187 / 1) x 1= 0.187

(Mol of CH3COOH / its coefficient) x CO2 coefficient (0.12 / 1) x 1= 0.12

CH3COOH is less so it is the limiting reagent.

5. Find the mol of the product (CO2)

Mol of CH3COOH / its coefficient = Mol of CO2 / its coefficient

0.12 / 1 = X/ 1

0.12. = X/1

0.12x1 = X

0.12 mol = X

6. Find grams of the product (CO2)

1 mol of CO2 is 44.01 g

So 0.12 mol of CO2 is (44.01/1)x0.12 5.28 g

11
CONCLUSION

The result from our experiment doesnt support our hypothesis that if
the ratio between baking soda and vinegar is 4:1 in mole, then the rocket would
hit the target which is 20 metre away from the launcher. By looking at the best
result, the ratio between these two chemicals should be 3:2.

12