Class 1101

Jirayu Mahatongkum 5861039 (Bright)

Khaboonpak Sakityanyong 5861051 (Nile)
Nattapong Vongchankit 5861073 (Junior)
Thitasit Likitkajorn 5861169 (Bank)
Pholawat Tangsatit 5861100(Tle)

Vinegar and Baking Soda Rocket

Tuesday 7th February 2017

Abstract
Every single substance has different properties and components. This diversity creates the
whole chemical system. When two or more certain chemical interact with each other, they form
unique reaction , produce specific amount of products due to amount of reactants and the
components of the substances. In this experiment, we create a rocket using plastic bottle and use
chemical reaction as a fuel to push the rocket forward. We use CH 3COOH (Vinegar/Acetic
Acid) and N aHCO 3 (Baking Soda/Sodium bicarbonate). The rocket doesnt hit the target as we
expect ,but it still moves in a long distance directly.

Objective
To find the perfect amount of reaction that has enough force to push the rocket forward in
specific direction about 20 meter.

Introduction
The acid-base reaction is behind launching the rocket. Vinegar is acid dissolving in water
and Baking Soda is base. When this two substance joining together with the host of water, the
exchange of protons is occurred. Acid is the substance that willing to give away protons or
hydrogen ,and base are receiving the protons. During this quick experiment, it produces 3
products and one of them is actually the key of launching. For the reaction, sodium acetate (
N a +CH 3COO ), water ( H 2O ) and carbon dioxide (CO 2) are prod used in this experiment.

Material and method

1. Vinegar
2. Baking Soda
3. PVC
4. Duct Tape
5. Color Spray
 6. Tissue Paper
7. Plastic Bottle
8. Stone
9. Cork
10. Polypropylene Board
11. Glue Gun

First, we drew the entire rocket before we emptied the rocket and cut PP Board in shape.
Glue gun sticked the wings to the plastic bottle then wrap around with duct tape. We used PVC
to create the launcher with maximum range by 45 degree. The launcher had special part to hold
the tail of rocket and create reaction force. We sprayed the launcher and rocket with color sprays.
We set up the launcher before preparing the fuel. We used tissue to wrap around 20g of Baking
Soda and create cylinder shape then stick with a duct tape to a cork. We put that cylinder into the
bottle and applied the pressure heavily. Make sure the cork was absolutely fit with the bottle.
Then turn it around and put on the launcher. Wait for a few second depend on tissue wrapping,
the rocket launched successfully.

Result and Data table

No. Accuracy Distance Rocket Mass(g) Baking Soda(g) Vinger Volume(ml) Angle

1 0 5 250 20.5 300 55

2 0 17 229.5 28 300 45

3 0 18 229.5 28 300 45

4 0 18 229.5 28 325 45

5 0 20 175.5 20 300 45

6 0 22 175.5 20 300 45

Discussion
In this experiment, we had two main reactants, baking soda and vinegar. Baking soda is
white delicated powder, using in bakery for any baked items. It has special properties as non
flammable and base, which will react will the acid. We called it chemically sodium bicarbonate
or N aHCO 3 .() Vinegar or 5 percent acetic solution ( C H 3COOH ) are acid,which will react
with base and release carbon dioxide. The boiling and freezing point are range due to the
concentration of acetic acid.() When we mixed these two reactants together, we created the
acid-based reaction. () This is the simple chemical equation
+
N aHCO 3 + CH 3COOH = CO2 + N a CH 3COO + H 2O .(Marie, n.d.)The reaction from
baking soda and vinegar created three products, carbon dioxide, sodium acetate and water. It is
the basic reaction of neutralization between acid and base. During this process, carbon dioxide is
the essential for launching the rocket as it created the pressure inside the rocket.
From the calculation of our best result, we used 20 g of baking soda or 0.2381mol
N aHCO 3 and 300 ml of vinegar as 15 g of acetic acid or 0.2499mol C H 3COOH . We
determined baking soda as limiting reagent and vinegar as excess reagent. So we used 0.2381
mol to find the theoretical yield of the products. We found out that with this exact reactants, we
should get 10.47 g C O 2 ,but we could weigh the actual because weighing carbon dioxide in
opened area was impossible ,so we were not able to calculate percent yield in this experiment.
Our rocket travelled in appreciated distance but less in accuracy. The first problem was
how to launch the rocket with maximum power. The force of the rocket was from carbon dioxide
inside pushing away the cork and created the impact moving the entire rocket. So the more we
can hold carbon dioxide is the further the rocket go. The cork was the key item for this issue. We
should have fixed and fit cork to the bottle as avoiding leaking and keeping the pressure as much
as we can. The accuracy was another issue, our rocket was straight but not hit the target directly.
The wind couldnt change our direction but it just decreased the distance of the trial. We
suggested to perform several trials for the perfect combination. If we could deal with cork, the
only problem was only the perfect force for the entire journey. We should perform more trials to
solve for the ideal amounts of reactants.

Calculation
N aHCO 3 + CH 3COOH = CO2 + N a +CH 3COO + H 2O
Baking Sodas ( N aHCO 3 ) molar mass = 22.99 + 1.007 + 12.01 + 3(15.99) = 83.98g/mol
N aHCO 3
Vinegars ( C H 3COOH ) molar mass = 2(12.01) + 4(1.007) + 2(15.99) = 60.03g/mol
C H 3COOH

Carbon Dioxides ( C O 2) = 12.01 + 2(15.99) = 43.99g/mol C O 2

From our best trial, we use 20 g of Baking Soda and 300 ml of 5% vinegar.

20g 1molCO 2
20g Baking Soda = 83.98g x 1 mol x 1molNaHCO 3 = 0.2381 mol N aHCO 3

300ml of 5% vinegar = 300 x 0.05 = 15g

 15g 1molCO 2
15g Vinegar = 60.03 x 1 mol x 1molCH 3COOH = 0.2499 mol C H 3COOH

Baking Soda is limiting reagent so C O 2 = 0.2381mol C O 2

0.2381molCO 2
Carbon Dioxides mass = 1molCO 2 x 12.01 + 2(15.99)g C O 2 = 10.47g C O 2
Theoretical yield of C O 2 = 10.47g
Percent yield is impossible to calculate because we cant measure the exact amount of C O 2
released from the rocket.

Conclusion
From this experiment, the rocket was able to launch from the base as we expected due the
reaction between acid and base. The carbon dioxide from the chemical reaction was enough to
drive the rocket straight forwards. The rocket might not able to land on the target successfully
,but it proved the chemical reaction process and how we applied on daily used.

Reference

Marie, A. (n.d.). What Is the Equation for the Reaction Between Baking Soda and
Vinegar? Retrieved at 21 February 2017, from
http://chemistry.about.com/od/madscientistlab/a/fizzypotion.htm

Bell, R. (2016). Acid-base reaction. Retrieved at 21 February 2017 ,from

https://global.britannica.com/science/acid-base-reaction

Byjus (2015). Baking Soda - Preparation, Properties, And Uses. Retrieved at 21

February 2017,from http://byjus.com/chemistry/preparation-properties-and-uses-baking-soda/

Enzyme-facts.com (n.d.). Properties of Vinegar. Retrieved at 21 February 2017,from

http://www.enzyme-facts.com/properties-of-vinegar.html