3/9/2017

EXTENDING MENDELIAN GENETICS Codominance: phenotype of both alleles is expressed

Eg. red hair x white hairs = roan horses
The relationship between genotype and phenotype
is rarely simple Multiple Alleles: gene has 2+ alleles
Complete Dominance: Eg. human ABO blood groups
heterozygote and homozygote
for dominant allele are
indistinguishable
Eg. YY or Yy = yellow seed Alleles = IA, IB, i
IA,IB = Codominant
Incomplete Dominance: F1
hybrids have appearance that
is between that of 2 parents
Eg. red x white = pink flowers

BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS
BLOOD TYPING
Phenotype
Genotype(s)
(Blood Group)

Type A IAIA or IAi

Type B IBIB or IBi

Blood transfusions must match blood type
Type AB IAIB
Mixing of foreign blood clumping death
Type O ii Rh factor: protein found on RBCs (Rh+ = has
protein, Rh- = no protein)

Polygenic Inheritance: the effect of 2 or more

genes acting upon a single phenotypic character
BLOOD TYPING PROBLEM: (eg. skin color, height)
A man who is heterozygous with type A blood marries
a woman who is homozygous with type B blood. What
possible blood types might their children have?

1
 3/9/2017

Nature and Nurture: both genetic and Mendelian Inheritance in Humans

environmental factors influence phenotype
Pedigree: diagram that shows the relationship
between parents/offspring across 2+ generations

Woman =
Man =
Trait expressed:

Hydrangea flowers vary in shade and intensity of color

depending on acidity and aluminum content of the soil.

PEDIGREE ANALYSIS
GENETIC DISORDERS
Autosomal Recessive Autosomal Dominant

Cystic fibrosis (CF) Huntingtons disease

Tay-Sachs disease (HD)
Sickle-cell disease
Lethal dominant allele

Phenylketonuria
(PKU)