Академический Документы
Профессиональный Документы
Культура Документы
1. Nursery
2. Plantation
1. Species and site selection
2. Preparation of Plantation site
2.1. Sketching
2.2. Staking
2.3. Field layout
2.4. Clearing of weeds
2.5. Digging of planting holes
3. Transport of Propagules
4. Planting
5. Fertilization at Planting Time
6. Plantation Maintenance
6.1. Replacement of mortality
6.2. Weed control
6.3. Watering
6.4. Silvi-cultural treatments
6.5. Protection
7. Harvesting
3. Production
a. Node
The Cottage Industry Technology Center [CITC] presents the following steps
for node and hub operation:
PRIMARY PROCESSING
K T
N R Treated
O Bamboo E
P
T A
O Cutting Splitting Treated
R T
L
E
M Weaving
Tadtad
E M Crushing Sawali
E
O
Slivers/Spoke N
V Slivering
A T
Round Poles Treated
L
b. Hub
MILLING AND COMPOSING
D U
Floor Boards
R E A P
Slats
Y A
S R Floor Tiles
Rough Milling P Finish Milling
I P S E
Tadtad
L
N I E S Furniture Components
C
Sawali
A M S
G T
I Sawali Boards
B I
O
N
L N
Y G
COMPOSING
It should be noted that the Node performs primary processing while the Hub carries
out the milling or composing functions. In some cases, the Hub performs some or
all of the Node functions due to the lack of reliable Node or because of the
preference of the Hub to carry out the Node functions to gain more share in the
distribution of income.
Aside from CITC, the Mariano Marcos State University [MMSU] presents the
production process in producing bamboo tiles, one of the by-products of a hub as
outlined below:
Boilin
g
Finished products
The Forest Product Research and Development Institute [FPRDI] has also
outlined the basic processes in producing bamboo veneer, another potential by-
product of a hub as presented below:
The raw material requirements for Nursery, Plantation, Node and Hub are enumerated
below:
Nursery
Raw Material Description Requirement Cos
Bamboo branch or part of a culm 1 t
P3.00/pie
branch/culm from a healthy bamboo piece/seedlin ce
clump g.
Polythene bag container used in raising 1 P0.50/ba
bamboo seedling bag/seedlin g
g
Fertilizer chemical and natural 0.78/seedli 13.50/k
compost ng g
used in nourishing or 780 kgs. P10,53
250 seedlings per hectare
Production
Node
Raw Material Description Requirement/sl Cos
Bamboo pole bamboo stem that is at 50 t
P25/pol
not poles/day e
less than 3 year old or 15,000 P375,00
Treatment Material chemical added to poles
2.5grams/sl 0
P170/k
water at g
and used in or 1,200 kgs. for or P204,000
treating 480,000 slats for
st
bamboo [on the 1 480,000
Hub
Raw Material Description Requirement/sq. Cos
Slats bamboo sticks with ft. 6 t
P3.0
dimensions of: slats 0
5mm x 1inch x 4 ft. or 480,000 slats for or P1,440,000
80,000 sq.ft. for
tiles/planks/plyboo/ 80,000 sq.ft.
laminated tiles/planks/plyb
Glue adhesive use in 50 board P130/k
assembling and grams g
laminating bamboo or 4,000kgs or P520,000
slats for for
80,000 sq.ft. 80,000 sq.ft.
tiles/planks/plyb tiles/planks/plyb
Lacquer clear or colored 10 P30/lite
varnish ml r
used for curing or 800 liters or 24,000
bamboo for for
80,000 sq.ft. 80,000 sq.ft.
tiles/planks/plyb tiles/planks/plyb
It should be noted that three [3] bamboo species including botong, tinik and giant
bamboo are highly recommended for manufacturing engineered bamboo
because of its erect nature, strength and abundance.
Labor
Nursery, 1 ha Plantation, 1 ha. Node [50 poles/day Hub [267sq.ft./day
Labor Rate Labor Rate capacity]
Labor Rate capacity]
Labor Rate
[Php]
Supervisor 300/day 2 [Php]
150/day 2 Cutters [Php]
160/day 1 [Php]
300/day
2 Assistant 250/day Farmer 1 Ripper 160/day Supervisor
4 Workers 200/day
[Plantin 1 Utility 150/day
g,
Total labor cost for Nurserywaterin
Bamboo nursery and plantation require simple tools in farming such as shovel,
Node
Est. Annual
Fixed Assets Qty. Cost/Unit Total Costs Life Dep'n
Hub
Est. Annual
Fixed Assets Qty. Cost/Unit Total Costs Life Dep'n
Majority of the machineries, equipment and tools for the Hub are locally
fabricated and available except for jointer plainer and thickness plainer which are
normally imported from Taiwan or China.
Production Overhead
Nursery
Particul Year 1 Year 2 Year 3
ars
Indirect Materials 1,250.0 2,068.00 2,274.80
Indirect Labor 0 - - -
Transportation 600.00 900.00 900.00
Nursery Maintenance 12,000.0 13,200.0 14,520.00
0 0
Indirect Labor - - - - - -
Transportation 100.00 - - -
/Node
Particulars Year 1 Year 2 Year 3
Indirect Materials - - -
Indirect Labor - - -
Transportation 12,000.00 13,200.00 14,520.00
Repairs and Maintenance 5,000.00 5,500.00 6,050.00
Water 3,000.00 3,300.00 3,630.00
Electricity 12,000.00 13,200.00 14,520.00
Total cash OH 32,000.00 35,200.00 38,720.00
Depreciation 17,000.00 17,000.00 17,000.00
Total Overhead Costs 49,000.00 52,200.00 55,720.00
Hub
Particulars Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5
Indirect Materials - - - - -
Indirect Labor - - - - -
Transportation 48,000.00 52,800.00 58,080.00 63,888.00 70,276.80
Repairs and Maintenance 12,000.00 13,200.00 14,520.00 15,972.00 17,569.20
Water 3,000.00 3,300.00 3,630.00 3,993.00 4,392.30
Electricity 48,000.00 52,800.00 58,080.00 63,888.00 70,276.80
Total cash OH 111,000.00 122,100.00 134,310.00 147,741.00 162,515.10
Depreciation 195,266.67 195,266.67 195,266.67 195,266.67 195,266.67
Total Overhead Costs 306,266.67 317,366.67 329,576.67 343,007.67 357,781.77
III. Financial
Aspect
A. Financial Assumptions
1. An average of 6 poles per year in every bamboo clump can be harvested.
2. It requires 12.25 hectares of plantation with 7x7 meter area per clump to
produce 15,000 poles per year.
3. It requires 25 hectares of plantation with 10x10 meter area per clump to
produce 15,000 poles
per
year.
4. Average cost of hauling is P8.00/bamboo pole.
5. Cost of transport of propagule from the nursery to the plantation is
P0.50/seedling.
6. Cost of propagule is P20.00/seedling. A total of 240 propagule is required per
hectare.
7. A clump requires 300g of chemical fertilizer with equal amount of
nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium every 3 months or 1.2 kgs/year.
8. A kilogram of fertilizer is valued at P13.50/kg.
9. Labor cost for weeding P300/hectare/year.
10. Replacement of mortality is assumed at 20% of the total propagules planted.
11. Planting, watering and maintenance cost is estimated at 48 days during the
first year with labor cost of P150/day.
12. Harvesting cost is P4.00/bamboo pole.
13. It will take two months to prepare the site for nursery.
14. It will take an average of 5 months for the nursery to prepare and make
available for sale the bamboo seedlings.
th
15. Sales from bamboo seedlings will start on the 7 month of Year 1 operation
onwards.
16. A half-hectare nursery can produce 10,000 bamboo seedlings with 2 cycles
during the first year and 15,000 seedlings during the succeeding years.
17. Shading materials is estimated at P10.00 per 100 propagules.
18. Transportation cost in hauling materials is P300 per 6,000 propagules.
19. Cost of nursery maintenance is assumed at P1,000 per month.
20. Cost of fertilizer is P3.51/propagule.
th
21. An average of 6 poles per year per clump can be harvested starting 4 year.
22. One gallon of treatment material, e.g. Woodtech can treat 2,000 slats.
23. Two-week raw material inventory is allocated for the node.
24. The number of slats extracted from one bamboo pole depends on the
specie as follows: Tinik: 4 cuts of 4ft length x 8 slats = 32 slats
Botong and Giant bamboo: 6 cuts of 4ft. length x
8 slats = 48
25. Fifty [50] bamboo poles of varied species can yield an average of 1,600 slats.
26. An average of .05kg of glue per square foot of tile, plank and laminated board is
needed.
27. An average of 10ml of lacquer per square foot of tile, plank laminated board is
needed
28. One square foot of tile, plank, plybo and laminated board with inch thickness
requires 6 slats of 5mm X 1 inch x 4 ft.
29. With 1,600 slats [or 267 sq.ft./day] for 25 days operation per month in 12
months, a hub can
produce 80,000 sq.ft. of bamboo tiles/planks/plybo/laminated board with
inch thickness.
B. Total Project Cost, Nursery, Plantation, Node and Hub
Particulars Nursery Plantation Node
Hub
1. FIXED ASSETS
1.1 Land 50,000.00 100,000.00 50,000.00 100,000.00
1.2 Bamboo seedlings 10,000.00 4,800.00 20,000.00 300,000.00
1.3 Dug well and Tools 700.00 5,900.00 220,000.00 2,410,000.00
1.4 Ofice Equipment and Fixtures 5,000.00 - - -
Sub-total Fixed Assets 65,700.00 110,700.00 290,000.00 2,810,000.00
3. PRE-OPERATING EXPENSES
3.1 Business Permit and Licensing 500.00 500.00 8,000.00 10,000.00
3.2 Trial Production 500.00 1,500.00 5,000.00 10,000.00
3.3 Business Planning &Organizing 500.00 - 5,000.00 20,000.00
3.4 Canvassing 2,000.00 - 2,000.00 5,000.00
3.5 Building construction - 2,000.00 20,000.00
Sub-total Pre-Operating Expenses 3,500.00 2,000.00 22,000.00
65,000.00
2.1.5 Raw Materials Used 3,240.00 3,564.00 3,920.40 4,312.44 4,743.68 5,218.05
2.4 Total Manufacturing Costs 13,088.00 9,332.00 7,972.40 10,659.74 11,610.91 12,657.21
2.9 Total Goods Available for Sale 13,088.00 9,332.00 7,972.40 10,659.74 11,610.91 12,657.21
2.10 Less: Finished Goods
Inventory end - - - - - -
8.0 NET PROFIT BEFORE TAX (15,088.00) (9,332.00) (7,972.40) 21,740.26 24,029.09 26,546.79
10. NET PROFIT AFTER TAX (15,088.00) (9,332.00) (7,972.40) 21,740.26 24,029.09 26,546.79
Projected Cash Flow Statement, PLANTATION
3.1 Payments for Raw Materials 3,240.00 3,564.00 3,920.40 4,312.44 4,743.68 5,218.05
3.2 Payments for Labor 7,800.00 4,620.00 2,904.00 5,199.30 5,719.23 6,291.15
Total Cash Outflow 12,700.00 12,540.00 8,784.00 7,424.40 19,711.74 21,622.91 23,725.21
4.0 NET CASH FLOW 28,748.40 (12,540.00) (8,784.00) (7,424.40) 22,288.26 24,577.09 27,094.79
5.0 CASH ENDING BALANCE 28,748.40 16,208.40 7,424.40 (0.00) 22,288.26 46,865.35 73,960.14
Projected Balance Sheet, PLANTATION
Total Current Assets 28,748.40 16,208.40 7,424.40 (0.00) 22,288.26 46,865.35 73,960.14
Net Book Value 4,800.00 4,800.00 4,800.00 4,800.00 4,800.00 4,800.00 4,800.00
1.2.3 Vehicle - - - - - - -
Less: Accum. Dep'n - - - - - -
Net Book Value - - - - - - -
Net Book Value 5,900.00 5,352.00 4,804.00 4,256.00 3,708.00 3,160.00 2,612.00
1.2.5 Off. Fur. & Fixtures - - - - - - -
Less: Accum. Dep'n - - - - - -
Net Book Value - - - - - - -
Total Fixed Assets 110,700.00 110,152.00 109,604.00 109,056.00 108,508.00 107,960.00 107,412.00
3.1 Capital beg. 141,448.40 141,448.40 126,360.40 117,028.40 109,056.00 130,796.26 154,825.35
3.2 Add: Net Income - (15,088.00) (9,332.00) (7,972.40) 21,740.26 24,029.09 26,546.79
3.3 Less: Withdrawals - - - - - - -
39
Projected Income Statement, HUB
2.1.3 Total RM Available for Use 2,128,751.50 2,595,101.71 3,071,996.92 3,638,797.13 4,316,661.35
2.7 Total Costs of Goods Manufactured 2,683,143.11 3,175,656.77 3,682,719.86 4,281,081.06 4,991,570.68
2.8 Add: Finished Goods Inventory beg. - - - - -
2.9 Total Goods Available for Sale 2,683,143.11 3,175,656.77 3,682,719.86 4,281,081.06 4,991,570.68
2.10 Less: Finished Goods Inventory end - - - - -
4.2 Gen. and Admin. Expenses 72,000.00 79,200.00 87,120.00 95,832.00 105,415.20
40
6.0 Add: Other Income - - - - -
7.0 Less: Other Expenses
8.0 NET PROFIT BEFORE TAX 1,389,317.89 2,049,180.23 2,839,153.14 3,807,468.74 4,956,975.41
10. NET PROFIT AFTER TAX 1,389,317.89 2,049,180.23 2,839,153.14 3,807,468.74 4,956,975.41
Projected Cash Flow Statement, HUB
3.1 Payments for Raw Materials 2,128,751.50 2,513,226.65 2,972,185.32 3,520,643.41 4,176,707.61
3.5 Gen. & Admin. Expenses 72,000.00 79,200.00 87,120.00 95,832.00 105,415.20
1.1.4 WP Inventory - - - - - -
1.1.5 FG Inventory - - - - - -
1.2.3 Vehicle - - - - - -
Less: Accum.
Dep'n - - - - -
2.2 Long-Term
Liabilities
2.2.1 Notes Payable
2.2.2 Long-Term Loans
Pay. 2,766,000.00 1,659,600.00 1,106,400.00 553,200.00 -
-
Total Long-Term
Liabilities 2,766,000.00 1,659,600.00 1,106,400.00 553,200.00 - -