Master of Engineering in

Internetworking

OPEN ENDED IPV6 MINI PROJECT

INWK 6115

Submit by:-

Harcharan Singh Bagga

B00724689
 Dalhousie University

Faculty of Engineering

Internetworking

The undersigned hereby certify that they have read and award a pass in
INWK 6115 for the mini project entitled "IPV6" by Harcharan Singh Bagga in
partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Engineering.

___________________________

Dr. M Hassan Raza

 DALHOUSIE UNIVERSITY
INTERNETWORKING PROGRAM

AUTHORITY TO DISTRIBUTE REPORT

OPEN ENDED IPV6 MINI PROJECT

The Internetworking Program may make available or authorise others to

make available individual photo/microfilm or soft copies of this report without
restrictions after 4/March/2017. The author attests that permission has been
obtained for the use of any copyrighted material appearing in this report
(other than brief excerpts requiring only proper acknowledgement in
scholarly writing) and that all such use is clearly acknowledged.

Full Name of Author: Harcharan Singh Bagga

Signature of Author: _________________________

Date: _________________________
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

I would like to express my sincere gratitude to Dr. M. Hassan RAZA,

Faculty Dalhousie University for his valuable time and guidance and

suggestion for the completion of this report.

Sincere Regards

Harcharan Singh Bagga

(B00724689)
Table of Contents
1. Introduction 5
2. Classification 5
3. IPV4 topology of network 6
a. Halifax topology
b. Montreal topology
c. Toronto topology
4. IPV6 topology of network
........ 13
5. Extension
Header
..16
6. IPV6
multicast
.17
7. EUI-
64
18
8. Anycast in
IPV6...
20
9. Dual
stack
20
10. Tunneling
21
11. Translation
....22
12. OSPF
V3
.23
13. BGP
V4
...24
14. Data Encryption, Scalability, Flexibility,
Security..24
15.
Reliability...............................................................................................
..................................................25
1. Introduction
In this IPV6 Project we have a communication network that has 3 different
geographical location and each connect with different numbers of host.
Currently this network is working on IPV4 (Internet Protocol Version 4).
Enable IPV6 in this network that help in future expansion, security etc.

2. Classification
In this network, we have 3 routers at three diff erent location i.e.
Halifax, Montreal, Toronto is connected via diff erent network at
diff erent interface through serial link as shown in fi gure. Here
each router has diff erent number of switch and nodes connected
are as under.
First, we make whole network IPV4 enable then IPV6 enable. After that
we do IPv6 -IPv4 tunneling and dual stake enable network.
3) IPV4 connectivity of network

First we are going to connect this network with IPV4, detail of each router and
interface are in below figure.
 a) Montreal topology IPV4:

In this figure we see that Montral is connected to Halifax via serial interface s0/0/0
and network address in between them is 192.168.10.0 /24.

Montreal is further connected with 2 switches via f0/0 and f0/1 interface has
192.168.20.1/24 and 192.168.30.1/24 n/w address.

Each Switches has 20 host and DHCP server (to auto-configure ipv4 address in
hosts)

Address range in switch 0 from 192.168.20.3/24 to 192.168.20.22/24 (20 hosts) and

in switch 1 192.168.30.3/24 to 192.168.30.22/24 (20 hosts)
DHCP configuration:

To configure 20 hosts automatic via DHCP, we need to configure DHCP first

Hosts auto configuration:-

Address Range for Montreal(IPV4):

Router interface Ipv4 address To range

Connect to S0/0/0 192.168.10.2/24 ---------------
Halifax via
Switch 1 (20 F0/0 192.168.20.3/24 192.168.20.22/2
host) 4
Switch 2 (20 F0/1 192.168.30.3/24 192.168.30.22/2
host) 4

b) Halifax topology IPV4

In this figure, we see that Halifax is connected to Montreal via serial interface
s0/0/0 and network address in between them is 192.168.10.0 /24. And it is
also connect to Toronto by s0/0/1 via 192.168.45.1

Halifax is further connected with 2 switches via f0/0 and f0/1 interface has
192.168.2.1/24 and 192.168.5.1/24 n/w address.

Each Switches has 20 host and DHCP server (to auto-configure ipv4 address
in hosts)

Address range in switch 0 from 192.168.2.3/24 to 192.168.2.22/24 (20 hosts)

and in switch 1 192.168.5.3/24 to 192.168.5.22/24 (20 hosts)
 DHCP configuration

To configure 20 hosts automatic via DHCP, we need to configure DHCP at both

switches.
 Auto PC configuration for Halifax in IPV4

Address Range for Halifax (IPV4):

Router interface Ipv4 address To range

Connect to S0/0/0 192.168.10.1/24 ---------------
Montreal via
Connect to Toronto S0/0/1 192.168.45.1 ---------
via
Switch 1 (20 host) F0/0 192.168.5.3/24 192.168.5.22/24
Switch 2 (20 host) F0/1 192.168.2.3/24 192.168.5.22/24

c) Toronto topology IPV4

In this figure, we see that Toronto is connected to Halifax via serial interface
s0/2/0 and network address in between them is 192.168.45.2 /24. Toronto is
further connected with 7 different switches via different interface.

Switch Interface Ip adderess DHCP ip- Host ip range

address
S1 F0/1 192.168.31.1 192.168.3 192.168.31.3
1.2 -192.168.31.2
2
S2 F1/0 192.168.32.1 192.168.3 192.168.32.3
2.2 -192.168.32.2
2
S3 F1/1 192.168.33.1 192.168.3 192.168.33.3
3.2 -192.168.33.2
2
S4 F1/2 192.168.34.1 192.168.3 192.168.34.3
4.2 -192.168.34.2
2
S5 F1/3 192.168.35.1 192.168.3 192.168.35.3
5.2 -192.168.35.2
2
S6 F1/4 192.168.36.1 192.168.3 192.168.36.3
6.2 -192.168.36.2
2
S7 F1/5 192.168.37.1 192.168.3 192.168.37.3
7.2 -192.168.37.2
2
4) IPV6 topology of network

Here we are going to make whole network IPV6 enable.

a) Montreal Topology IPV6

In this figure we see that Montral is connected to Halifax via serial

interface s0/0/0 and network address in between them is
2001:0DB8:AC12:FE02::2/64
Montreal is further connected with 2 switches via f0/0 and f0/1 interface
has 2001:0DB8:AC13:FE04::1/64 and 2001:0DB8:AC01:FE05::1/64 n/w
address.
CONNECT ROUTER IPV6 ADDRESS HOST ADDRESS RANGE
TO INTERFAC
E
Halifax S0/0/0 2001:0DB8:AC12:FE02:: ---------
2/64
Switch1 F0/1 2001:0DB8:AC01:FE05:: 2001:0DB8:AC01:FE05::3/
1/64 64 to
2001:0DB8:AC01:FE05::2
4/64
Switch 2 F0/0 2001:0DB8:AC13:FE04:: 2001:0DB8:AC13:FE04::3/
1/64 64 to
2001:0DB8:AC13:FE04::2
4/64

b) Halifax Topology IPV6

In this figure, we see that Halifax is connected to Montreal via serial interface
s0/0/0 and network address in between them is 2001: 0DB8: AC12: FE02::
1/64. And it is also connected to Toronto by s0/0/1 via
2001:0DBB:AC13:FE02::1/64

Halifax is further connected with 2 switches via f0/0 and f0/1 interface has
2001:0DB8:AC11:FE02::1/64 and 2001:0DB8:AC10:FE01::1/64 n/w address.

Each Switches has 20 host and DHCP server (to auto-configure ipv6 address
in hosts)
CONNECT ROUTER IPV6 ADDRESS HOST ADDRESS RANGE
TO INTERFAC
E
Montreal S0/0/0 2001:0DB8:AC12:FE02:: -
1/64
Toronto S0/0/1 2001:0DB8:AC13:FE02:: -
1/64
Switch1 F0/1 2001:0DB8:AC11:FE02:: 2001:0DB8:AC12:FE02::3/
1/64 64 to
2001:0DB8:AC12:FE02::2
4/64
Switch 2 F0/0 2001:0DB8:AC10:FE02:: 2001:0DB8:AC10:FE02::3/
1/64 64 to
2001:0DB8:AC10:FE02::2
4/64

c) Toronto Topology IPV6

CONNECT ROUTER IPV6 ADDRESS HOST ADDRESS RANGE
TO INTERFAC
E
Halifax S0/0/0 2001:0DB8:AC13:FE02:: -
2/64
Switch1 F0/0 2001:0DB8:AC16:FE02:: 2001:0DB8:AC16:FE02::3/
1/64 64 to
2001:0DB8:AC16:FE02::2
4/64
Switch 2 F0/1 2001:0DB8:AC17:FE02:: 2001:0DB8:AC17:FE02::3/
1/64 64 to
2001:0DB8:AC17:FE02::2
4/64
Switch 3 F1/0 2001:0DB8:AC18:FE02:: 2001:0DB8:AC18:FE02::3/
1/64 64 to
2001:0DB8:AC18:FE02::2
4/64
Switch 4 F1/3 2001:0DB8:AC19:FE02:: 2001:0DB8:AC19:FE02::3/
 1/64 64 TO
2001:0DB8:AC19:FE02::2
4/64
Switch 5 F1/1 2001:0DB8:AC20:FE02:: 2001:0DB8:AC20:FE02::3/
1/64 64 TO
2001:0DB8:AC20:FE02::2
4/64
Switch 6 F1/2 2001:0DB8:AC21:FE02:: 2001:0DB8:AC21:FE02::3/
1/64 64 TO
2001:0DB8:AC21:FE02::2
4/64
Switch 7 F1/3 2001:0DB8:AC22:FE02:: 2001:0DB8:AC22:FE02::1/
1/64 64 TO
2001:0DB8:AC22:FE02::2
4/64

5) Use of Extension Header:

Next header field in IVP6
 IPv6 multicast addresses

Addre
Description
ss

All nodes on the local network

ff02::1
segment

All routers on the local network

ff02::2
segment

ff02::5 OSPFv3 All SPF routers

ff02::6 OSPFv3 All DR routers

ff02::8 IS-IS for IPv6 routers

ff02::9 RIP routers

ff02::a EIGRP routers

ff02::d PIM routers

ff02::16 MLDv2 reports

All DHCP servers and relay agents on

ff02::1:2
the local network segment

All LLMNR hosts on the local network

ff02::1:3
segment

All DHCP servers on the local network

ff05::1:3
site

ff0x::c Simple Service Discovery Protocol

ff0x::fb Multicast DNS

ff0x::101 Network Time Protocol

ff0x::108 Network Information Service

ff0x::181 Precision Time Protocol

FF00: :/8
ff02::6b Precision Time Protocol (PTP) version 2
Scope of Multicast address is XY ( FFXY), X
is flag and Y is Scope.
ff0x::114 Used for experiments
IPV6 Enabled MULTICASTING using
command

ivp6 multicast-routing

ipv6 pim rp-address

7) EUI-64 (Extended Unique Identifier)
Unique 64-bit IPV6 Address from Ethernet MAC
No need to config host manually config or do by DHCP
Ethernet MAC is 48 -bit long
8) Anycast
Used in control of one to nearest
Assign to more than 1 interface
Allocate from unicast address

9) Dual stack

Here dual stacking means enable ipv4 and ipv6 both on same interface and
link, for dual stacking let us consider Halifax and Montral has in dual
stacking mode.
10) Tunneling

Here we are going to encapsulate IPV6 packets inside IPV4, let consider
Montreal and Toronto works on IPV6 and Halifax is on IPV4. For this scenario,
Halifax act as tunnel between Montreal and Toronto.
11) Translation

NAT64 translation mechanism allow native IPV6 host to communicate with

IPV4 and vice versa. A simple NAT64 installation may consist of a gateway
with two interfaces connected to an IPv4 network and an IPv6 network,
respectively. Traffic from the IPv6 network is routed via the gateway which
performs all the necessary translations for transferring packets between the
two networks.

12) OSPFV3
OSPF version 3 will suitable in IPV6, as it provides Link LSAs and Intra-area
LSAs type 8 and 9 instead of LSA 7.

13) BGPV4
Ipv6 support BGPv4 for exchanging packets between ASs

14) Data Encryption, Scalability, Flexibility, Security

All such feature are provide by :-

Next Header Field

The Next Header field defines the type of header immediately following the
current one. It is usually the payload, but sometimes Extension Headers
provide valuable functions. The Authentication and Encapsulated Security
headers define encryption capabilities.

Extension Headers

Protocol numbers in required order of use

000 Hop-by-hop must be examined by every node on path to destination
043 Routing header list of nodes that should be visited on path
060 Destination options processed by routers along path
044 Fragment header packet was fragmented at source if too large for
path
051 Authentication header part of IPsec
050 Encapsulated security payload IPsec

15) Reliability