02 Basic 2d Magnetostatictutorial-1

CAD package for electromagnetic and thermal analysis using finite elements
Flux
by CEDRAT
Magneto Static application tutorial

2D basic example
Flux is a registered trademark.
Flux software : COPYRIGHT CEDRAT/INPG/CNRS/EDF

Flux tutorials : COPYRIGHT CEDRAT
This tutorial was edited on 5 juillet 2012
Ref.: KF 2 05 -A- 111 - EN - 07/12
CEDRAT
15 Chemin de Malacher - Inovalle
38246 Meylan Cedex
FRANCE
Phone: +33 (0)4 76 90 50 45
Fax: +33 (0)4 56 38 08 30
Email: cedrat@cedrat.com
Web: http://www.cedrat.com
Foreword
*(Please read before starting this document)
Description of The goal of this basic example is to familiarize the user with the Flux
the example Magneto Static application using a simple device.
This example contains the general steps and all the data needed to describe
the physics,the solving and the postprocessing for the given cases. For this
example, the geometry has been previously described in the First steps in
using Flux: Geometry and Mesh Tutorial - Basic example.
Required This basic example is designed for the user who is already familiar with
knowledge the basic functions of Flux software.
To obtain this knowledge, first, the user should go through the First steps
in using Flux: Geometry and Mesh Tutorial - Basic example. This
document explains, in detail, all the actions necessary to build the
geometry and mesh of a project in the Flux study domain.
Support files To view the completed phases of the example project, the user will find
included... the .py files, including the geometry, physics and post processing
descriptions. The .py files corresponding to the different study cases in
this example are available in the folder:
\DocExamples11.1\Examples2D\MagnetostaticApplication\
Supplied files are command files written in Pyflux language. The user can
launch them in order to automatically recover the Flux projects for each
case.
**(.py files are launched by accessing Project/Command file from the
Flux drop down menu.)
Supplied files Contents Flux file obtained after

launching the .py file
TESTCASE_INI.FLU* Geometry, mesh Physbuilt.FLU
and physics
CASE1
solving.py Solving process Solved.FLU
postprocessing.py Post processing Postprocessed.FLU
TESTCASE_INI.FLU** Initial project
CASE2 solving.py Solving process Solved.FLU
postprocessing.py Post processing Postprocessed.FLU
Note : some directories may contain a main.py enabling the launch of the
command files
*This file correspond to SENSOR_2D created in the first steps in using Flux-
geometry and mesh tutorial
** This file correspond to the Physbuilt.FLU of CASE 1
Flux Table of Contents
Table of Contents
1. General information .................................................................................................................1
1.1. Overview .......................................................................................................................................3
1.1.1. Description of the studied device....................................................................................4
1.1.2. Studied cases .................................................................................................................5
1.2. Strategy to build the Flux project ..................................................................................................7
1.2.1. Main stages for physical description...............................................................................8
2. Construction of the Flux project .............................................................................................11
2.1. Physical description process.......................................................................................................13
2.1.1. Define the physical application .....................................................................................14
2.1.2. Create materials ...........................................................................................................15
2.1.3. Create face regions ......................................................................................................16
2.1.4. Create measuring coils: coil conductors components and coil conductor regions.......17
2.1.5. Assign face regions to faces.........................................................................................18
2.1.6. Orient material for face region ......................................................................................19
3. Case 1: static study ...............................................................................................................21
3.1. Case 1: solving process ..............................................................................................................23
3.2. Case 1: results post-processing..................................................................................................25
3.2.1. Display default graphic post processing .......................................................................26
3.2.2. Display arrows of the magnetic flux density on a region boundaries ...........................28
3.2.3. Display isovalues of the magnetic flux density on a 2D grid ........................................29
3.2.4. Compute the magnetic flux density on a point .............................................................31
3.2.5. Compute the magnetic force on face regions...............................................................32
3.2.6. Plot a 2D curve of the magnetic field strength along a path and export the curve.......33
3.2.7. Plot a 2D curve of normal and tangential components of the magnetic field
along a path ..................................................................................................................35
4. Case 2: parametric computation............................................................................................37
4.1. Case 2: solving process ..............................................................................................................39
4.2. Case 2: results post-processing..................................................................................................41
4.2.1. Display default graphic post processing (alpha=120) .................................................42
4.2.2. Create animation of isovalues of the magnetic flux density on face regions
versus position parameter ............................................................................................43
4.2.3. Plot a 2D curve of the flux through coil conductors versus an I/O parameter ..............44
4.2.4. Plot a 3D curve of the magnetic flux density on a path versus an I/O parameter ........45
PAGE A
Table of Contents Flux
PAGE B MAGNETO STATIC APPLICATION TUTORIAL

Flux General information
1. General information
Introduction This chapter contains the presentation of the studied device and the Flux
software.
Contents This chapter contains the following topics:
Topic See Page

Overview 3
Strategy to build the Flux project 7
Magneto Static application tutorial PAGE 1

General information Flux
PAGE 2 Magneto Static application tutorial

1.1. Overview
Introduction This section presents the studied device (a variable reluctance speed sensor)
and the strategy of the device description in Flux.
Contents This section contains the following topics:
Topic See Page

Description of the studied device 4
Studied cases 5

1.1.1. Description of the studied device
Studied device The device to be analyzed is a variable reluctance speed sensor.

The studied device consists of:
a cogged wheel (made of steel) with three teeth
two probes with a magnet (made of ferrite) and a coil around each
COIL 1+
MAGNET 1 PROBE 1
WHEEL
COIL 1-
COIL 2+
MAGNET 2 PROBE 2
COIL 2-
Operating The rotation of the cogged wheel near the tip of the probes changes the
principle magnetic flux around probes 1 and 2, creating an analog voltage signal that
can be measured by the probes.

1.1.2. Studied cases
Studied cases Two cases are carried out with the Magneto Static application:
case 1: static study (mono value)
case 2: multi-parametric static study (multi values)
Case 1 The first case is a static study (mono value).

In this case, the study is performed in the middle position: the two probes
between two teeth. The geometric parameter , which allows us to control the
angle of the wheel around Z axis, has a fixed value = 75 . The coils are not
current supplied (=measuring coils)
Case 2 The second case is a multi-parametric static study (multi values)

In this parameterized study, the angle of the cogged wheel will vary. The
geometric parameter varies in the range [75, 195] with a step of 3.


1.2. Strategy to build the Flux project
Introduction This section presents outlines of physical properties description process of the
sensor.
Topic See Page

Main stages for physical description 8

1.2.1. Main stages for physical description
Outline An outline of the physical description process of the sensor is presented in

the table below.
Stage Description
Definition of the
Magneto Static 2D
application and
1 (solved with Flux 3D solver)
definition of the
2D plan (6mm)
depth of the domain
FERRITE magnet with a linear B(H)
Creation of two characteristic
2
materials STEEL ferromagnetic material with a
non linear B(H) characteristic
AIR_EXT region, corresponding with the
air surrounding the device
AIR_WHEEL region, corresponding with
Creation of four face the air in the cogged wheel
3
region MAGNET1 region corresponding with the
first magnet of the device
MAGNET2 re region corresponding with
the second magnet of the device
COIL_CONDUCTOR1
COIL_CONDUCTOR2
COIL1N region, corresponding with the
Creation of two negative part of the first coil
coils: COIL1P region, corresponding with the
4
Two components positive part of the first coil
Four face regions COIL2N region, corresponding with the
negative part of the second coil
COIL2P region, corresponding with the
positive part of the second coil
Continued on next page

Stage Description
COIL1P
AIR_EXT
MAGNET1
COIL1N
WHEEL
COIL2P
Assignment of face
5
regions
MAGNET2
AIR WHEEL
COIL2N
INFINITE
6 Material orientation

Construction of the Flux project Flux

Flux Construction of the Flux project
2. Construction of the Flux project
Introduction This chapter contains the physical description of the sensor. For a more
detailed description of the basic geometry of the sensor, the user should
reference the Flux 2D Generic Tutorial of Geometry and Mesh. The user must
have good understanding of all functionalities of the Flux preprocessor.
Starting Flux The starting project is the Flux project GEO_MESH.FLU.

project This project contains:
the geometry description of the contactor
the mesh of the computation domain
New Flux The new Flux project is GEO_MESH_PHYS.FLU.

project
Topic See Page

Physical description process 13


2.1. Physical description process
Introduction This section presents the definition of the physical properties materials and
regions.
Topic See Page

Define the physical application 14
Create materials 15
Create face regions 13
Create measuring coils: coil conductors components and coil 14
conductor regions
Assign face regions to faces 18
Orient material for face region 19

2.1.1. Define the physical application
Goal First, the physical application is defined. The required physical application is
the Magneto Static 2D application.
Data The characteristics of the application are presented in the table below.
Magneto Static 2D application

Definition
Coils Coefficient
2D domain type Depth of the domain
2D plane 6 mm Automatic Coefficient
Application Define Magnetic Magneto Static 2D

2.1.2. Create materials
Goal Two materials are created directly for the physical description of the sensor;
the two materials are characterized by their magnetic properties:
the first material is FERRITE defined for the coiled magnets
the second material is STEEL defined for the cogged wheel
Data The characteristics of the materials are presented in the tables below.
B(H) linear magnet described in the Br module

Name Remanent flux density (T) Relative permeability
FERRITE 0.8 1
B(H) isotropic analytic saturation (arctg 2 coef.)

Saturation magnetization
Name Initial relative permeability
(T)
STEEL 5000 1.9
Physics Material New

2.1.3. Create face regions
Goal Five face regions are necessary for the physical description of the sensor.
Five following face regions will be created:
the AIR_EXT region, corresponding with the air surrounding the device
the AIR_WHEEL region, corresponding with the air in the cogged wheel
the MAGNET1 region, corresponding with the first magnet of the device
the MAGNET2 region, corresponding with the second magnet of the device
the WHEEL region, corresponding with the cogged wheel
The INFINITE region, already created during the infinite box creation, will be
edited to activate its physical properties.
Data The characteristics of the face regions are presented in the table below.
Face region
Name Type Material Color
AIR_EXT Air or vacuum region Turquoise
AIR_WHEEL Air or vacuum region Turquoise
INFINITE* Air or vacuum region Turquoise
MAGNET1 Magnetic non-conducting region FERRITE Magenta
MAGNET2 Magnetic non-conducting region FERRITE Magenta
WHEEL Magnetic non-conducting region STEEL Cyan
Physics Face region New
*The region already created and assigned during the creation of the infinite box,
however the user need to enter the type of the region.

2.1.4. Create measuring coils: coil conductors components and coil

conductor regions
Goal Two coils are created to measure the flux density.
About coil In magnetic applications, a coil is represented by one face region or by a

group of face regions of the coil conductor type.
The value I of the current in a wire (or turn) of the coil is set by means of
an electric component (of coil conductor type) associated to the coil.
Data (1) The characteristics of the electric components (of coil conductor type) are
presented in the table below:
Stranded coil conductor with imposed current (A)

Name comment Value
COIL_CONDUCTOR1 Coil conductor on the first coil 0
COIL_CONDUCTOR2 Coil conductor on the second coil 0
Physics Electrical components Stranded coil conductor

New
Data (2) The characteristics of the regions (of coil conductor type) are presented in the
table below:
Coil conductor type region

Component Series or
Face region Orientation Turn number Color
parallel
COIL1N COIL_CONDUCTOR1 negative 1000 series red
COIL1P COIL_CONDUCTOR1 positive 1000 series red
COIL2N COIL_CONDUCTOR2 negative 1000 series red
COIL2P COIL_CONDUCTOR2 positive 1000 series red
Physics Face region New
the COIL1N region, corresponding with the negative part of the first coil
the COIL1P region, corresponding with the positive part of the first coil
the COIL2N region, corresponding with the negative part of the second coil
the COIL2P region, corresponding with the positive part of the second coil

2.1.5. Assign face regions to faces
Goal The INFINITE region has been already assigned during the creation of the
infinite box. The nine regions (AIR_EXT, AIR_INT, WHEEL, COIL1P,
COIL1N, MAGNET1, COIL2P, COIL2N, and MAGNET2) are assigned to
faces.
Outline The region assignment is presented in the figure below.
COIL1P
AIR_EXT
MAGNET1
COIL1N
WHEEL
COIL2P
MAGNET2
AIR_WHEEL
COIL2N
INFINITE

2.1.6. Orient material for face region
Goal An orientation of the material region is needed to describe physics.
Data The orientation of the material region is related in the table below
Orient material for face region

Name Oriented type Coordinate system Angle
MAGNET1 Direction PROBE_CS 0
MAGNET2 Direction PROBE_CS001 0
Physics Face region Orient material for face region

Case 1: static study Flux

Flux Case 1: static study
3. Case 1: static study
Case 1 The first case is a static study.

This study is a very easy problem of Magneto Statics. In this study, a magneto
static analysis of the sensor is performed in a medium position: the two
probes between two teeth. A geometric parameter , which allow us to
control the angle of the wheel around Z axis, has a fixed value = 75 The
coils are not current supplied (=measuring coils)
Starting Flux The starting project is the Flux project TestCase_INI.FLU. This project
project contains:
the geometry description of the device
the mesh and computation domain
the initial physical description of the contactor
Topic See Page

Case 1: solving process 23
Case 1: results post-processing 25


3.1. Case 1: solving process
Goal The case 1 is solved using the default scenario with reference values.
Action Solve case 1.
Solving Solve


3.2. Case 1: results post-processing
Introduction This section explains how to analyze the principal results of case 1.
Topic See Page

Display default graphic post processing 26
Display arrows of the magnetic flux density on a region 28
boundaries
Display isovalues of the magnetic flux density on a 2D grid 29
Compute the magnetic flux density on a point 31
Compute the magnetic force on face regions 32
Plot a 2D curve of the magnetic field strength along a path and 33
export the curve
Plot a 2D curve of normal and tangential components of the 35
magnetic field along a path

3.2.1. Display default graphic post processing
Goal The default graphic post processing is displayed on the device (excluding the
infinite box) :
- Isovalues of the magnetic flux density
- Arrows of the magnetic flux density
- Isolines of the vector potential
Action (1) Display isovalues
Graphic Isovalues Display isovalues
Result (1) The following chart shows the isovalues of the magnetic flux density on the
device.

Action (2) Hide previous isovalues and display arrows
Graphic Arrows Spatial Group Display arrows
Result (2) The following chart shows the arrows of the magnetic flux density on the
device.
Action (3) Display isolines
Graphic Isolines Display isolines
Result (3) The following chart shows the isolines of the vector potential on the device.

3.2.2. Display arrows of the magnetic flux density on a region

boundaries
Goal The arrows of the magnetic flux density on wheel region boundaries are
displayed.
Data The characteristics of the arrows are presented in the table below.
Arrows on boundary
Name Groups Quantity
WHEEL_CONTOUR S_WHEEL Magnetic flux density / Vector
Graphic Arrows boundary New
Result The result is presented in the figure below :

3.2.3. Display isovalues of the magnetic flux density on a 2D grid
Goal One 2D grid is created midpoint of the second stranded coil.

The magnetic flux density isovalues are displayed on the 2D grid.
Data (1) The characteristics of the 2D grid are presented in the table below.
Rectangular 2D grid in XY plane: definition

2D grid origin coordinates
Name Comment Coordinate system
First Second
GRID_ONMAGNET For the magnet PROBE_CS 0 0
Rectangular 2D grid in XY plane: definition

Characteristics along X Characteristics along Y
Number of Number of
Positive X Negative X Positive Y Negative Y
disc. elements disc. elements
12 12 30 6 6 20
Rectangular 2D grid in XY plane: appearance

Visibility Color
visible green
Support 2D grid New
Data (2) The characteristics of the isovalues are presented in the table below.
Isovalues on 2D grid
2D grid Quantity
GRID_ONMAGNET Magnetic flux density / Vector
Graphic Isovalues New

Result The following chart shows the magnetic flux density on the
GRID_ONMAGNET grid

3.2.4. Compute the magnetic flux density on a point
Goal The magnetic flux density is computed on the selected point.
Data The characteristics of the point are presented in the table below.
Quantities computation on points

Name Comment Formula
POINT1 Center of the magnet B
Point defined by its coordinates

Coordinates localization Coord. system Region
first second
0 0 no constraint PROBE_CS001 MAGNET2
Computation On point New session Quantities

computation on points
Result The following values show the X and Y components of the magnetic flux
density at the above-described point.

3.2.5. Compute the magnetic force on face regions
Goal The value of the magnetic force is computed on the selected face region and
the result of computation is displayed in the dialog box.
Data The characteristics of the magnetic force computation are presented in the
table below.
Compute on physic entity

Region
Name
Spatial group Quantity
Magnetic force / Magnitude
FORCE_MAGNET S_MAGNET2 Magnetic force / x component
Magnetic force / y component
Computation On physical entity Compute
Result The following dialog box shows the result of computation of the magnetic
force on the MAGNET2 face region.

3.2.6. Plot a 2D curve of the magnetic field strength along a path and
export the curve
Goal The variation of the magnetic flux density is computed along the selected path
and displayed as curve.
Data (1) The characteristics of the path are presented in the table below.
Path defined by 2 points

Name Comment
SEGMENT Along the magnet
Path defined by coordinates

Path points
Starting point Ending point Discretization
Coordinates Coordinates by intervals
Coord. system Coord. system
First Second First Second
PROBE_CS001 -15 0 PROBE_CS001 15 0 50
Support Path New
Data (2) The characteristics of the curve are presented in the table below.
2D curve (path)
Name Comment Path Quantity
Magnetic field /
Magnitude
Magnetic field strength Magnetic field /
CURVE SEGMENT
along the segment in magnet Normal component
Magnetic field /
Tangential component
Curve 2D curve (Path) New 2D curve (Path)

Result The following curves show the components of the magnetic field strength
along the X and Y axes with Absolute view mode.
Action Export the curve to excel file
Curve 2D curve (path) Excel export

3.2.7. Plot a 2D curve of normal and tangential components of the

magnetic field along a path
Goal The variation of the normal and tangent components of the magnetic field is
computed along the selected path and displayed as curve.
Data (1) The characteristics of the path are presented in the table below.
Arc defined by center, radius and angles

Name Comment
AIR_GAP In the air gap
Path definition
Extremities angles Discretiz
Coord. Center of arc
around Z Radius Region ation by
system
First Second Starting Ending intervals
XY1 0 0 -40 70 21.75 AIR_EXT 30
Support Path New
Data (2) The characteristics of the curve are presented in the table below.
2D curve (path)
Name Comment Path Quantity
Magnetic field /
Normal and tangent magnetic Normal component
CURVE_1 AIR_GAP
field along the air gap Magnetic field /
Tangential component
Curve 2D curve (Path) New 2D curve (Path)

Result The following curves show the normal and tangent components of the
magnetic field along the X and Y -axes.

Flux Case 2: parametric computation
4. Case 2: parametric computation
Case 2 The second case is a parametric computation.

The angle of the cogged wheel will vary. In this parametric study, the
geometric parameter is the angle that varies in the range [75, 195] with a
step of 3.
Starting Flux The starting project is the Flux project GEO_MESH_PHYS.FLU. This
project project contains:
the geometry description of the device
the mesh and computation domain
the initial physical description of the contactor
Project name The new Flux project is saved under the name of CASE2.FLU.
Topic See Page

Case 2: solving process 39
Case 2: results post-processing 41

Case 2: parametric computation Flux

4.1. Case 2: solving process
Goal The scenario with the controlled geometrical parameter is defined for a
varying solving process.
Data The characteristics of the solving scenario are presented in the tables below.
Solving scenario
Name Comment
SCENARIO1 study using a geometrical parameter
Solving scenario
Parameter control
Interval
Controlled
Type Higher
parameter Lower limit Method Step value
limit
step
ALPHA Multi-values 75 195 3
value
Solving Solving scenario New
Solving Solve


4.2. Case 2: results post-processing
Introduction This section explains how to analyze the principal results of case 2.
Topic See Page

Display default graphic post processing (alpha=120) 42
Create animation of isovalues of the magnetic flux density on 43
face regions versus position parameter
Plot a 2D curve of the flux through coil conductors versus an 44
I/O parameter
Plot a 3D curve of the magnetic flux density on a path versus 45
an I/O parameter

4.2.1. Display default graphic post processing (alpha=120)
Action First, the computation step of the geometrical parameterized study is selected
(alpha=120). Then, the default graphic post processing is displayed via
isovalue plots of color shadings.
Select the step
Data The characteristics of the scenario and computation step selection are
presented in the table below.
Scenario and computation step

Computation step
Scenario
Parameter name Value
SCENARIO1 ALPHA 120
Action Display isovalues
Graphic Isovalues Display isovalues
Result The following chart shows the magnetic flux density on the selected regions.

4.2.2. Create animation of isovalues of the magnetic flux density on

face regions versus position parameter
Goal The animation of isovalues of the magnetic flux density for different positions
of the wheel is created.
Data The characteristics of the animation are presented in the table below.
Animation
General Display
Pilot Steps
Build
Name frequency Isovalues
Parameters min max options
1/
4_ISOVAL
Build
ANIMATION_1 ALPHA 75 195 2 _NO_INFI
video
NITE
Graphic Animation New
Result The animation video is created in the project repertory in a .AVI file.

4.2.3. Plot a 2D curve of the flux through coil conductors versus an

I/O parameter
Goal The values of the flux through the two coil conductor versus the angular
position of the cogged wheel are computed and displayed in a curve
Data The characteristics of the curve are presented in the table below
2D curve (I/O parameter)

Parameter Circuit
Name Lower Upper
Name COILCONDUCTOR1 COILCONDUCTOR2
endpoint endpoint
CURVE ALPHA 75 195 Flux Flux
Curve 2D Curve I/O parameter New 2D Curve (I/O

parameter)
Result The following curves show the variation of flux through coil conductor in
function of the angle variation of the cogged wheel.

4.2.4. Plot a 3D curve of the magnetic flux density on a path versus

an I/O parameter
Goal The variation of the magnetic flux density is computed along the selected path
(already defined in case 1) for different positions of the wheel and displayed
as curve.
Data The characteristics of the curve are presented in the table below
3D curve (Path + I/O parameter)

Parameter
Name Path Quantity
Name Min Max
Magnetic flux density /
CURVE_1 AIR_GAP ALPHA 75 195
Magnitude
Curve 3D Curve (Path + I/O parameter) New 3D Curve

(Path + I/O parameter)
Result The following curve shows the variation of the magnetic flux density along
the path for different positions of the wheel.


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CAD package for electromagnetic and thermal analysis using finite elements

Magneto Static application tutorial

Flux software : COPYRIGHT CEDRAT/INPG/CNRS/EDF

This tutorial was edited on 5 juillet 2012

Ref.: KF 2 05 -A- 111 - EN - 07/12

Supplied files Contents Flux file obtained after

PAGE B MAGNETO STATIC APPLICATION TUTORIAL

Contents This chapter contains the following topics:

Topic See Page

Magneto Static application tutorial PAGE 1

PAGE 2 Magneto Static application tutorial

Contents This section contains the following topics:

Topic See Page

Magneto Static application tutorial PAGE 3

1.1.1. Description of the studied device

Studied device The device to be analyzed is a variable reluctance speed sensor.

PAGE 4 Magneto Static application tutorial

1.1.2. Studied cases

Case 1 The first case is a static study (mono value).

Case 2 The second case is a multi-parametric static study (multi values)

Magneto Static application tutorial PAGE 5

PAGE 6 Magneto Static application tutorial

1.2. Strategy to build the Flux project

Contents This section contains the following topics:

Topic See Page

Magneto Static application tutorial PAGE 7

1.2.1. Main stages for physical description

Outline An outline of the physical description process of the sensor is presented in

Continued on next page

PAGE 8 Magneto Static application tutorial

Magneto Static application tutorial PAGE 9

PAGE 10 Magneto Static application tutorial

2. Construction of the Flux project

Starting Flux The starting project is the Flux project GEO_MESH.FLU.

New Flux The new Flux project is GEO_MESH_PHYS.FLU.

Contents This chapter contains the following topics:

Topic See Page

Magneto Static application tutorial PAGE 11

PAGE 12 Magneto Static application tutorial

2.1. Physical description process

Contents This section contains the following topics:

Topic See Page

Magneto Static application tutorial PAGE 13

2.1.1. Define the physical application

Magneto Static 2D application

Application Define Magnetic Magneto Static 2D

PAGE 14 Magneto Static application tutorial

2.1.2. Create materials

B(H) linear magnet described in the Br module

B(H) isotropic analytic saturation (arctg 2 coef.)

Physics Material New

Magneto Static application tutorial PAGE 15

2.1.3. Create face regions

Physics Face region New

PAGE 16 Magneto Static application tutorial

2.1.4. Create measuring coils: coil conductors components and coil

Goal Two coils are created to measure the flux density.

About coil In magnetic applications, a coil is represented by one face region or by a

Stranded coil conductor with imposed current (A)

Physics Electrical components Stranded coil conductor

Coil conductor type region

Physics Face region New

Magneto Static application tutorial PAGE 17

2.1.5. Assign face regions to faces