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doi:10.1093/jjco/hyu100
Advance Access Publication 5 August 2014
Department of Radiation Oncology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xian, China
*For reprints and all correspondence. Department of Radiation Oncology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical
University, Chang Le West Street, No. 17, 710032 Shaanxi, Xian, China. E-mail: meishi_xa@163.com
First author: Ying Xue, (1971.08.29), doctor, doctor-in-charge, mainly engaged in the comprehensive treatment of
chest tumor.
Received December 31, 2013; accepted July 8, 2014
INTRODUCTION decreased visual acuity and epiphora in the right eye. Prior to
the onset of symptoms, the uncorrected visual acuity was 4.3
Solitary brous tumor (SFT) is an uncommon spindle cell tumor
and 4.8 in the right and left eyes, respectively. The patient had
that was rst recognized and fully characterized in 1994 by
no family history of similar symptoms.
Westra et al. (1). SFT often originates from the pleura, and occa-
An orbital computed tomography (CT) scan showed that
sionally from other parts of the body, including the extremities,
a large mass fully occupied the right nasal cavity, sinuses
mediastinum, peritoneum, parotid gland and orbit (16). Radical
and frontal sinuses (Fig. 1A and B). The mass impinged on
surgical resection is the preferred treatment for SFT. Here, we
the right eye and the right maxillary sinus, and caused nasal
present a case of malignant SFT of the nasal and paranasal area
septum perforation with oppressing on the left ethmoidal
that was treated by cytoreductive surgery combined with intensity
cellules (Fig. 1 A and B). In order to keep the integrity of
modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) and solitary brous tumor
the right eye, nasal and paranasal tumor cytoreductive
(SBRT). No recurrence was seen in long-term follow-up.
surgery was performed to partially resect the paranasal
sinus tumor inside the right nasal cavity with image
navigation. During the operation, a wider range of tumor in-
CASE REPORT vasion was observed, showing invasion of the ethmoid
An 18-year-old female was admitted to the Xijing Hospital of bone roof, the sphenoid sinus anterior wall, nostrils and the
Shaanxi Province, China in April due to painless proptosis, laminapapyrace.
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Jpn J Clin Oncol 2014;44(10) 927
The tumor tissue was grayish-white, like sh with brittle immunohistochemical studies. It has been documented that
textures, covered with a brous bone shell. The post-operative SFT exhibits strong positivity with CD99 (70%), vimentin
specimen was a dark brown nodular mass (9 6.5 5 cm) (95%) and Bcl-2 (35%) antibodies, and is negative for S-100
with incomplete envelope. On the cut section, the tumor (7). In addition, Ki-67 proteins are excellent markers for deter-
was grayish-white, lobulated, rm and well-demarcated, with mining the so-called growth fraction of a given cell popula-
a whorled and fasciculated surface. Light microscopic tion. In the present case, immunohistochemical staining
examination of the resected tumor showed large numbers of revealed that cells were positive for CD99 (Fig. 3A), Vim
tumor cells that are oval and fusiform, distributed in patches (Fig. 3B) and Bcl-2 (Fig. 3C), and contained scattered
with signicant atypia by Hematoxylin and eosin staining. CD34-positive cells (Fig. 3D). Ki67-positive cells accounted
The branched blood vessels, abnormal cells, mitotic for almost 28% of all cells (Fig. 3E). All cells were negative
gures and nuclear polymorphisms were frequently noted for S-100 (Fig. 3F). On the basis of the aforementioned
(Fig. 2A and B). results, pathological evaluation ascertained the presence of a
Due to the low incidence and histologic similarity to other malignant SFT with bone invasion.
spindle cell tumors, early diagnosis of nasal and paranasal Three weeks after surgery, magnetic resonance imaging
SFT is difcult. The main clinical manifestation is pain- (MRI) imaging of the nasopharynx revealed an irregular, in-
less proptosis. The diagnosis is mainly dependent on homogeneous mass in the right nasal cavity and ethmoid sinus
(4.1 2.8 cm) (Fig. 4). A radiation treatment plan, three-
Figure 2. Hematoxylin and eosin-stained slide. (A) Microscopic examination of the orbit lesion shows proliferation of relatively uniform spindle cells that are
either patternless or have a focally storiform pattern. (B) Focal vascular dilatation with collagenized stroma, dense collagen nodules and perivascular hyalinization
is also observed.
928 Radiotherapy for nasal and paranasal solitary brous tumor
Figure 5. Follow-up reviews. The follow-up reviews after 5 months (A1, A2) and eighteen months (B1, B2) showed a reduction in the size of the mass, and four
and a half years after therapy, no change was seen in the size of the mass in the right nasal cavity (C1, C2).
930 Radiotherapy for nasal and paranasal solitary brous tumor
sense of taste and smell had almost returned to normal levels. resulting in decreased visual acuity or visual eld defects.
Visual acuity of the right eye was 4.3. MRI showed a reduc- Consequently, post-operative radiation therapy may need to be
tion in size of the mass (2.5 3.1 1.6 cm) in the right nasal improved for the treatment of SFT in the head.
cavity and ethmoid sinus (Fig. 5B1 and B2). IMRT is known to enable the delivery of lower doses of ra-
Four and a half years after radiation therapy, the symptoms diation to normal tissue, while increasing or maintaining the
of xerostomia had completely disappeared. The left eye visual tumor dose, which exhibits more advantages than two-
acuity was stable (4.6) and the right eye visual acuity dimensional radiotherapy (2DRT) or three-dimensional con-
decreased slightly (4.1). The senses of taste and smell were formational radiotherapy (3DCRT). The potential of IMRT
normal. MRI showed no change in the size of the mass in the for sparing organs has been demonstrated in patients with
right nasal cavity and ethmoid sinus (2.0 3.1 1.5 cm). No mixed head and neck tumors (21) and nasopharyngeal cancers
local recurrences were observed (Fig. 5C1 and C2). (22). In this study, the patient had a large localized nasal and
paranasal tumor with diffuse local extension. To preserve the
right eye, as required by the patient, the tumor was partially
resected. In order to better control the primary tumor and
DISCUSSION
avoid recurrence and metastases, a post-operative IMRT was
SFT is a rare soft tissue spindle cell tumor. It can occur in used to eliminate residual tumors. In this patient, IMRT was
every site of the body, including the mediastinum, lung, well used and the healthy tissues of the left side received non-
Conict of interest statement 13. Bishop JA, Rekhtman N, Chun J, Wakely PE, Ali SZ. Malignant solitary
brous tumor. Cancer Cytopathol 2010;118:839.
None declared. 14. van de Rijn M, Lombard CM, Rouse RV. Expression of CD34 by solitary
brous tumors of the pleura, mediastinum, and lung. Am J Surg Pathol
1994;18:81420.
15. Feuerman JM, Flint A, Elner VM. Cystic solitary brous tumor of the
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