CHAPTER 1

GENERAL OVERVIEW (RATIONALE)

Providing adequate domestic water supplies for scattered rural

populations poses a major problem to many developing countries. Sparsely populated

settlements cannot easily be served by conventional piped water systems. In addition,

the fuel and maintenance costs of operating a conventional pumping system using

diesel or gasoline engines are becoming prohibitive for many developing countries.

In many parts of the world, villages are situated above the spring:

it does not allow water to flow to compounds by gravity. For example, in Brgy.Ticugan,

Loon , Bohol where there is a proposed resort situated upstream the closest source of

water. A pump is needed to lift the water from this source to the resort. So the

researchers intend to install a Ram Pump System ( RPS) to supply the reservoir of the

resort.

The hydraulic ram pump (hydram) is a simple technology that

uses readily available, renewable energy ( a drop in water level of at least 1-2 meters in

a flowing stream ) and has only two moving parts that can be manufactured and

maintained by local personnel.

Statement of the Problem

The main objective of the study is to propose an innovative water system

using a hydraulic ram pump in order to lessen the resorts utility expenses such as

water and/or electricity.

Specifically, it aims to answer the following questions:

1. Is the springs flow rate enough to supply water demands in the resort? If not,

how can a hydraulic ram pump help to do so?

2. What are the materials needed to run a ram pump? Is it more reliable and

cheaper compared to a conventional pumping system?

3. Does the topography of Danicop Spring suit to have water-powered pump?
4. How long will it takes to finish the construction of the water system?
5. What is the total cost of the entire project?

Significance of the Study

 The study aims to install a hydraulic ram pump to supply water in the

resort. This will minimize the energy consumption caused by using an electric-powered

pump and will also help in the preservation of the natural springs in the site. The

researcher believes that the study will:

1. Become the first resort in Bohol to introduce a hydraulic ram pump in the water

system.
2. Be able to supply enough water to the resorts daily usage.
3. Conserve the nature of Brgy. Ticugan which source of water is a spring.

Scope and Limitations

This study is applied only to the water system in Danicop Spring Resort.

Further research will be conducted in Holy Name University- Dampas Tagbilaran, City

Bohol and it will last this 2nd semester of school year 2016-2017.
 The researcher will emphasize the following: calculations of the applied

fluid mechanics and hydraulics to the water system, the structural design of tanks and

its supports, and analysis of per capita water use in the resort.

The study has the following limitations:

-seismic analysis

-geotechnical analysis

-analysis of ground fed system

Definition of Terms

Spring
It is a point where water flows out of the ground.

Waterworks
It is the system of reservoirs, channels, mains, and pumping

and purifying equipment by which a water supply is obtained and

distributed.
 Local Community
A group of interacting people sharing an environment.

Water Ram
A cyclic waterpump powered by hydropower. It takes in water at

one "hydraulic head" (pressure) and flow rate, and outputs water at a

higher hydraulic head and lower flow rate.

Waste valve
It produces pressure pulses to pump a small amount of water out of

the discharge/ outlet check valve.

Delivery pipe

A pipe that is used to deliver water from ram pump to a certain

elevation where it is to be stored or utilized

Drive pipe
A pipe that is used to deliver water from source to ram pump

Air chamber

A chamber, especially in a hydraulic system, in which air elastically

compresses and expands to regulate the flow of water

Discharge valve
It is a device that monitors and controls the flow of water from its

source and through some type of circulation system.

Pipe
 It is a tubular section or hollow cylinder, usually but not necessarily

of circular cross-section, used mainly to convey substances which can flow---- like

water.

Water hammer effect

It is a phenomenon that increases the pressure of water in a pipe

over a short period of time.

Waste water

It is the water that needs to go out in the hydram for the pump to

work.

Feed water
It is the water that will come inside the hydram to be used in the

delivery process, more often called as delivery water.

Stream/spring catchment

It is the first barer to prevent organic matters to enter in the system

and to reduce the efficiency of the system.

Header tank/drive tank

It allows a continuous flow to the drive pipe and the pump(s): it as

well the last barer to prevent sediments to enter in the pump.

Storage tank
It is used to hold water before it is delivered to the users.
Pump basemen
It is used to prevent to access the Hydram apart from the water

committee for security constraints( i.e. children playing, thieves attracted by bolts

and nuts). It also support the hydram pump from shocks caused by water

hammer effect.
Impulse valve
 It is the part that allows the water to create continuous water

hammer effects.
Delivery valve
It allows water to go from the pump body to the air vessel and

forbid the water to flow in the opposite direction.

Air vessel
It is located above the delivery valve that used to slow down the air

inside it to improve the efficiency of the pump.

Snifter valve
It is a device to allow the air to enter in the air vessel.

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