Nyelvtan sszefoglal

Szemlyes nvmsok Nyelvtan sszefoglal

Table of contents

Table of contents ............................................................................................................................. 2

Pronouns (Nvmsok) ...................................................................................................................... 4
Szemlyes nvmsok ................................................................................................................... 4
Verb Tenses ...................................................................................................................................... 4
Present ......................................................................................................................................... 4
Simple (E/3 verb + s) ................................................................................................................ 4
Continuous (be + verb-ing) ...................................................................................................... 4
Perfect (has/have + verb 3) ...................................................................................................... 5
Perfect Continuous (has/have + been + verb-ing) ................................................................... 6
Past............................................................................................................................................... 7
Simple (verb 2) ......................................................................................................................... 7
Continuous (was/were + verb-ing) .......................................................................................... 7
Future ........................................................................................................................................... 8
Going to (be going to + verb) ................................................................................................... 8
Time / Date ...................................................................................................................................... 9
Time ............................................................................................................................................. 9
Units of time (idegysgek) ..................................................................................................... 9
Other time-related words (egyb idvel kapcsolatos szavak) ................................................. 9
Frequency (gyakorisg) ............................................................................................................ 9
Times of day (napszakok) ....................................................................................................... 10
Clock ........................................................................................................................................... 10
Date ............................................................................................................................................ 11
Days ........................................................................................................................................ 11
Months ................................................................................................................................... 11
Seasons .................................................................................................................................. 11
Years ....................................................................................................................................... 11
Public holiday (nnepnap) / Bank holiday (Szabadnap) ........................................................ 11
Date ........................................................................................................................................ 11
In / at / on .................................................................................................................................. 12
Countable / Uncountable............................................................................................................... 13
Countable nouns ........................................................................................................................ 13

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Nyelvtan sszefoglal Szemlyes nvmsok

Singular forms......................................................................................................................... 13
Regular plural forms ............................................................................................................... 13
Irregular plural forms ............................................................................................................. 13
Only plural forms .................................................................................................................... 13
Uncountable nouns .................................................................................................................... 14
A / an / the...................................................................................................................................... 14
A / an ....................................................................................................................................... 14
= One thing or person................................................................................................................. 14

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Szemlyes nvmsok Nyelvtan sszefoglal

Pronouns (Nvmsok)

Szemlyes nvmsok

Szemly Alanyeset Trgyeset Birtokos (jelzknt) Birtokos Visszahat

E/1 I me my mine myself
E/2 you you your yours yourself
E/3 he/she/it him/her/it his/her/its his/hers/its himself/herself/ itself
T/1 we us our ours ourselves
T/2 you you your yours yourselves
T/3 they them their theirs themselves

Verb Tenses

Present

Simple (E/3 verb + s)

1.) Habit:
She often reads in the evenings.
Does Tom always cook dinner?
We go swimming once a week.
Do you like football?

2.) Timetable:
When does the train leave?
The train leaves at 10.

3.) Basic things, Rules, General truth:

The winter is cold in Hungary.
The Pacific Ocean is salty.
The car doesnt have air-conditioning.

Continuous (be + verb-ing)

1.) Ongoing:
You are not listening to me.
Please be quiet. Im working. (Most dolgozom.)
The weather is nice. Its not raining.
We are having a dinner now. Can I phone you later?
You can turn off the TV. Im not watching it.

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Nyelvtan sszefoglal Present

- Where are the children?

- Theyre playing in the park.

2.) Picture description:

In the picture the mermaids are swimming in the aquarium.

3.) Future Tense: Something will happen in the near future. (az elkvetkezend 2
napban) It isnt happening right now, but itll happen really soon. Its for sure. (Tuti
biztos, hogy bekvetkezik):
- What are you doing?
- Im going away (now).

- What are your plans for tomorrow?

- Im having dinner with Steve in a fancy restaurant downtown.

Perfect (has/have + verb 3)

1.) Megvan a lehetsge, hogy mg megtrtnik:

I have been to England. (Past Perfect) I was in England last year. (Past Simple)
I have never been to Iraq.

2.) Valami ppen most trtnt (s nem zrult le), (s valamilyen hatssal van a jelenre):
Norbi has just left the flat.

- Are you hungry?

- No, I have just eaten a toast. I had a toast for breakfast in the morning.
(Present Perfect) (Past Simple)

- Have you had anything for breakfast? (Valamilyen szndkkal krdezi)

- Yes, I have had a bowl of cereal. / No, I havent had anything.

- Did you have any breakfast?

- Yes, I did. / Yes I had a bowl of cereal.

3.) Already (mr kijelents) / Yet (mg krds, tagads):

- Have you done your homework?
- Yes, it has already done.

- Have you seen the new hobbit movie?

- No, I havent seen it yet.

- Has your train arrived yet?

- No, it hasnt.

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Present Nyelvtan sszefoglal

4.) For (-ig) / Since (ta) Perfect Tense time adverb (lt. mondat vgn):
For period of time - idintervallum (valamennyi idn keresztl; for a long time,
for 5 years, for 3 weeks)
Theyve been married for 5 years. (5 ve hzasok (mr, s mg mindig azok).)
Since start of the period konkrt idponttl a mai napig (5:30, Monday, last
week, last year, 2012)
I havent been to school since Tuesday. (Kedd ta nem vagyok suliban (a mai
napig).) <- kihat a jelenre)

Perfect Continuous (has/have + been + verb-ing)

1.) Mostanban, vagy pont most fejezdtt be (s ennek kls jele ltszik):
Youre out of breath. Have you been running? (kls jele ltszik, hogy ki van fulladva)
Paul is very tired. He has been working very hard. (kls jele ltszik, hogy fradt)
Why are you clothes so dirty? What have you been doing?
I have been talking to Amanda about the problem and she agrees with me.

2.) How long (mita / milyen rgta), for (-ja, -je, -va, -ve), since (ta):
How long have you been learning English? (mg mindig tanulok angolul)
Tim is still watching TV. He has been watching TV all day.
Where have you been? I have been looking for you for the last half hour.
Debbie is a very good tennis player. She has been playing since she was eight.
Every morning they meet in the same caf. They have been going there for years.
It has been raining for two hours. It has been raining since six (this evening)
(Kt rja esik az es.) (Este hat ta esik az es.)

3.) Present continuous Present Perfect Continuous:

Dont disturb me now. Im working. Ive been working hard. Now Im

going to have a break.
We need an umbrella. Its raining. The ground is wet. Its been raining.
Hurry up! Were waiting. Weve been waiting for an hour.

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Nyelvtan sszefoglal Past

Past

Simple (verb 2)

1.) Close time period (last week, at 8 oclock, 2 hours ago) (egyszeri mltbeli cselekvsek
kifejezsre hasznljuk mltbeli idhatrozval):
Did you go to the concert yesterday?
Tom lived in Paris for 2 years.

2.) Rendszeres mltbeli cselekvsek, mltbeli llapotok kifejezsre hasznljuk:

Bill played squash twice a week.
Sometimes we met in the park.

Continuous (was/were + verb-ing)

1.) Something happened in the past for a measurable amount of time. Something started
in the past at a point, and it was going on for 2 years / months / hours / minutes and
then it stopped.
I was swimming a lot, when I was 8. (mltbeli idpontban ppen folyamatban lv
cselekvs)
While youre working, I was sleeping. (prhuzamos, folyamatos mltbeli cselekvs)
Kim was working all summer. (a mltbeli cselekvs hosszt akarjuk hangslyozni)

In 1985 we were living in Canada.

What were you doing at 11:30 yesterday? Were you working?

- What did he say?

- I dont know, I wasnt listening.

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Future Nyelvtan sszefoglal

Future

Going to (be going to + verb)

1.) Someone intends to do something in the future:

A lot of water is coming through the hole. The ship is going to sink.
Your friend is going to a party tonight. And what are you going to wear?
Its 10 oclock already. Im going to be late.

2.) Someone intended to do something in the past, but got interrupted (Valamit akart
csinlni, de vgl nem kvetkezett be):
I was going to buy some new clothes yesterday, but I was very busy and didnt have
time to go to the shop.
(j ruhkat akartam tegnap venni, de elfoglalt voltam, s nem volt idm elmenni a
boltba.)
When I last saw Tim he was going to give up his job. Thats right, but in the end he
decided to stay where he was.
(Amikor utoljra lttam Tim-et akkor mg ott akarta hagyni a munkjt, de vgl gy
dnttt marad.)

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Nyelvtan sszefoglal Time

Time / Date

Time

Units of time (idegysgek)

Second minute hour day week (fortnight 2 ht) month year (leap year
szkv) (decade vtized) century

Other time-related words (egyb idvel kapcsolatos szavak)

now most

then akkor

immediately vagy straight away haladktalanul, vagy azonnal

soon hamarosan

earlier korbban

later ksbb

a week tomorrow holnaphoz egy htre

a week on Tuesday keddhez egy htre

Frequency (gyakorisg)
never soha

rarely ritkn

occasionally alkalmanknt

sometimes nha

often vagy frequently sokszor vagy gyakran

usually vagy normally rendszerint vagy ltalban

always mindig

every day vagy daily minden nap vagy naponta

every Monday vagy (on) Mondays minden htfn vagy htfnknt

every week vagy weekly minden hten vagy hetente

every month vagy monthly minden hnapban vagy havonta

every year vagy yearly minden vben vagy vente

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Clock Nyelvtan sszefoglal

Times of day (napszakok)

Clock

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Nyelvtan sszefoglal Date

Date

Days
- Weekday: Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday;
- Weekend: Saturday, Sunday
- Yesterday Today Tomorrow

Months
- January, February, March, April, May, June, July, August, September, October,
November, December

Seasons
- spring summer autumn/fall winter

Years
- 1000 .. 1010, 1053, 1089 .. 1099 one thousand + ...
- 1100 .. 1452 .. 1619 .. 1999 fourteen-fiftytwo

Public holiday (nnepnap) / Bank holiday (Szabadnap)

New Year's Day j v napja

April Fools' Day prilis elseje, a bolondok napja

Easter hsvt

Good Friday nagypntek

Easter Monday hsvt htf

May Day mjus 1 - a munka nnepe

Christmas karcsony

Christmas Eve szent este

Christmas Day karcsony napja

Boxing Day karcsony msnapja

New Year's Eve szilveszter

Mother's Day anyk napja

Valentine's Day valentin nap

Date
18th December, 2014 The eighteenth of December, two thousand-fourteen

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In / at / on Nyelvtan sszefoglal

In / at / on

In (year, season, month, time of day)

- Emma left school in 1993.

- The garden is lovely in spring.
- Im going on holiday in October.
- I always feel good in the morning.
- Do you often go out in the evening?

- Hurry! The train leaves in five minutes. (= it leaves five minutes from now.)
- Goodbye! Ill see you in a few days. (= a few days from now.)

At (time, appointment, weekend, and holiday)

- I starts work at 8 oclock.

- I have to go to school at 10.30 (ten, thirty).
- The shops close at midnight.
- Are you going away at the weekend?
- I cant sleep at night.
- Where will you be at Christmas? (but on Christmas Day) !!
- Im going on holiday at the end of October.
- Are you busy at the moment?

On (day, date)

- Goodbye! See you on Friday.

- I dont work on Sundays.
- The concert is on 22 November.
- Im meeting Jennie on Monday morning.
- Are you doing anything on Saturday evening?

Not use at / on / in

- Are you going out this evening?

- The garden was lovely last summer.
- Im going on holiday next Monday. (Not on next Monday) !!
- I wake up early every day.

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Nyelvtan sszefoglal Countable nouns

Countable / Uncountable

Countable nouns

Countable nouns (you can count them) can be singular (=one) or plural (= two or more).

Singular forms

Cant use the singular nouns alone, you need a / an.

For example: a car; my cat; the house; etc.

- We cant get in without a key.

Regular plural forms

-s / -sh / -ch / -x -es bus buses / dish dishes / church churches / box boxes;

potato potatoes, tomato tomatoes

-y -ies baby babies, dictionary dictionaries, party parties

but ay / -ey / -oy -ys day days, monkey monkeys, boy boys

-f / -fe -ves shelf shelves, knife knives, wife wives

Irregular plural forms

man men woman women child children foot feet

tooth teeth mouse mice sheep sheep fish fish

deer deer moose moose oasis oases person people

quiz quizzes son in law son in law etc.

Only plural forms

Scissors, glasses, trousers, jeans, shorts, tights, pyjamas, etc.

- Do you wear glasses?

- Yes, I am.
- How many sunglasses do you have?
- I have two pairs.

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Uncountable nouns Nyelvtan sszefoglal

Uncountable nouns

Uncountable nouns have only one forms. For example: water, air, rice, salt, plastic, money,
music, tennis, etc.

Usually uncountable nouns: information, advice, weather, news, bread, hair, furniture, work, etc.

- Ive got some money.

- There isnt much money in the box.
- Money isnt everything.

a glass of water a can of oil a bar of chocolate a piece of cheese

a bottle of milk a piece of music a bowl of rice a cup of coffee

a game of tennis a jar of jam a loaf of bread a spoon of salt

A / an / the

A / an
= One thing or person.

a before consonant:

- Alice works in a bank.

- Can I ask a question?
- I dont have a car.
- There is a woman on the bus stop.

an before vowel (a / e / i / o / u):

- Do you want an apple or a banana?

- Im going to buy a hat and an umbrella.
- Its an interesting programme on TV last night.

When the word begins with vowel in the pronunciation:

an hour (an or); a university (a juniverziti); a European country (a juropien) !!

another (=an + other)

- Can I have another cup of tea?

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 Nyelvtan sszefoglal = One thing or person.

PRESENT PAST FUTURE

DO DID WILL DO
Szoksszersg Konkrt idpont, dtum Hirtelen dnts
I get up at 8. OK, Ill see you this evening at 8.
Gyakorisg When? Szemlyes vlemny
Im usually late at the morning. What time? Elrejelzs
I think it will be diffcult game.
krdszavakra pontos vlaszt ad:
always, usually, often, every, sometimes, Felajnls, hajlandsg
(Egyszer)

never, daily, weekly, monthly, regularly,

I had beeakfast at 8 a.m. Ill give you a lift if you like.
SIMPLE

frequently, rarely, hardly ever, occusionally

Trvnyszersg Szvessg
Will you do me favour?.
The winter is cold in Hungary.
The pacific ocean is salty. gret
ago, for, ever/never, already
Jvidej mellkmondat Ill love you forever.
As soon as I arrive Ill phone you. Elutasts
Menetrend I wont speak to you ever again.
The train leaves the station at 9:30. Jvbeni tny
The bus arrives at half past ten. My birthday will fall on Saturday this year.
Jvidej mellkmondat
Ill phone you as soon as I arrive.

IS DOING WAS DOING WILL BE DOING

Most Jvbeni idpontra tervezett
Shes writing. I was watching TV yesterday at
cselekvs
Im analyzing the stress factor on my 8. We will be waiting outside the station.
workstation.
Htsszndk
CONTINUOUS
(Folyamatos)

How long? Will you be using the car this evening?

Mostanban I was reading for 4 years.
Im visiting the hairdresser this week.
Im meeting Jenny tomorrow.

nowadays, these days, today, this week

Panaszkods/Gyakorts
Youre always loosing your keys.

HAS DONE HAD DONE WILL HAVE DONE

(Befejezett
PERFECT

Aktulis eredmny Elidejsg Jvbeni idpontra befejezett

)

Eddig (mita?) cselekvs

By next week Ill have passed all my exams.

HAS BEEN DOING HAD BEEN DOING WILL HAVE BEEN DOING
CONTINUOUS
(Befejezetlen)

Kls jele ltszik Folyamatos elidejsg

PERFECT

(az elbb hagyta abba)

Befejezetlen
recently, lately

TO BE GOING TO
Szndk, terv
Im going to phone him tomorrow.
Jeleken alapul jsls
Look. Its going to rain.

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= One thing or person. Nyelvtan sszefoglal

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Nyelvtan sszefoglal = One thing or person.

look for

at

like

take off

on

go out

on

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