GENEVA APPLE ROOTSTOCKS COMPARISON CHART v.

Introduction:
Contact:
The joint Cornell University and United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA- Jessica Lyga,
Plant Varieties &
ARS) Apple Rootstock Breeding and Evaluation Program develops new rootstock cultivars with an emphasis on Germplasm
productivity, yield efficiency, ease of nursery propagation, fire blight resistance, tolerance to extreme Licensing Officer

temperatures, resistance to the soil pathogens of the sub-temperate regions of the US, and tolerance to apple Office: 607-255-0270
replant disorder.
E-mail:
JML73@cornell.edu
In many trials in North America and other worldwide locations all of the released GENEVA rootstocks have
demonstrated a per acre productivity and tree yield efficiency similar or higher than current commercial
standards M.9 and M.26.

General Characteristics of GENEVA Apple Rootstocks

Disease resistance
o Fire blight
o Crown and root rots (Phytophthora)
o Replant disease complex*
Pest resistance
o Woolly apple aphid*
Other characteristics
o All are dwarf types that differ within dwarf sizes
o Cold hardiness*

*Applies to some GENEVA Apple Rootstocks.

395 Pine Tree Road, Suite 310 Ithaca, NY 14850

P: 607-254-4698
F: 607-254-5454
E: ctl-connect@cornell.edu www.ctl.cornell.edu
 GENEVA APPLE ROOTSTOCKS COMPARISON CHART v.3
GENEVA Apple Rootstocks
D1147 D3610 D3539 D4950 D6263 D3609 D4190 D2737 D4951 D3785 D3540 D5107 Contact:
New! New! Jessica Lyga,
(a)
Traits G.16 G.41 G.213 G.214 G.814 G.935 G.222 G.202 G.969 G.30 G.210 G.890 Plant Varieties &
Arranged in order Germplasm
M.7/ Licensing Officer
by size (smallest M.9 T337 M.9 T337 M.9 T337 M.9/M.26 M.9/M.26 M.26 M.26 M.26 M.7 M.7 M.7
MM.106
to largest)
Office: 607-255-0270
Woolly Apple
No High High High No No High High High No High High
Aphid Resistance E-mail:
JML73@cornell.edu
Fire Blight Very Very Very Very Very Very Very Very Very Very Very
Resistant
Resistance Resistant Resistant Resistant Resistant Resistant Resistant Resistant Resistant Resistant Resistant Resistant
Replant Disease
Complex Partial Tolerant Tolerant Tolerant Tolerant Tolerant No Tolerant Tolerant Tolerant Tolerant Tolerant
Resistance
Crown and Root
Rots Tolerant Tolerant Tolerant Tolerant Tolerant Tolerant Tolerant Tolerant Tolerant Tolerant Tolerant Tolerant
(Phytophthora)
Partial:
Good Mid- Yes-Good,
Cold Hardiness Yes TBD Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
winter, Bad Mid-winter
early-cold
Productivity/Yield
Efficiency- as
Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
good or better
than M.9
Low suckering
Yes Yes Yes Yes Medium Yes Medium Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
and burr knots

Susceptibility to
Yes No No No Yes Yes No No No No No No
latent viruses

TBD: To Be Determined.
(a) Remarks: G.41 has presented weak graft unions with the following scions: Cripps Pink, Scilate, and Honeycrisp. The
well feathered trees are prone to breakage in strong winds in the first 2-3 years and additional care needs to be taken to
prevent breakage. Breakage risk decreases with time.
Recommendation: Use plant materials that have been tested and are clean of viruses.
Licensing for all varieties is available as exclusive or non-exclusive in selected Domestic and International Territories.

Chart data valid as of July 22, 2016, and supplied by Cornell University apple rootstock breeding team members,
Gennaro Fazio, PhD., USDA Breeder, Terence Robinson, PhD, Cornell Breeder, and Herb Aldwinckle, PhD., Professor
Emeritus.

395 Pine Tree Road, Suite 310 Ithaca, NY 14850

P: 607-254-4698
F: 607-254-5454
E: ctl-connect@cornell.edu www.ctl.cornell.edu
 GENEVA APPLE ROOTSTOCKS COMPARISON CHART v.3

Contact:
Jessica Lyga,
Plant Varieties &
Germplasm
Licensing Officer

Office: 607-255-0270

E-mail:
JML73@cornell.edu

The GENEVA Apple Rootstocks perform differently in Washington State conditions in comparison
to the data displayed here that was collected in New York State.

395
Please Pine Tree
contact yourRoad,
local Suite 310 Ithaca,
extension NYgrowing
agent for P: 607-254-4698
14850 predictions F: 607-254-5454
for thesevarieties
E: ctl-connect@cornell.edu
in your region. www.ctl.cornell.edu