WAVERGY

International School of Zenica

Mirza Mei
Almir Heldovac
Mentor: prof. Semir avki

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Table of contents
Abstract 3
Introduction.. 4
Materials and Methods. 5
Results and discussion. 8
Conclusion 10
Acknowledgments.. 11
References / Bibliography.. 12

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 ABSTRACT
With rising need for electrical energy comes an necessary increase of power
production. However, most of the energy is derived from nonrenewable
sources. With our project, anything that emits waves and sounds can fuel
electricity production. Anything that moves produces sound, a vibration that
propagates as a typically audible mechanical wave of pressure and
displacement, through a transmission medium such as air.
Waves are energy moving through space, but the energy itself is not dense
enough to produce current unless special and well adapted tools are used
which can detect a wide range of frequency and absorb it effectively because
everyday noises arent simple harmonic oscillations which have fixed
amplitudes and frequencies, their amplitude and frequency can change any
second and cant be predicted.
Our idea is based on an invention from the early 1900s called crystal radio,
which could be used to listen to radio stations without a power source simply
by using the waves received by the antenna to produce electrical energy.
In our project anything that conducts electricity can be used as an antenna,
but the built in antenna produces best results. Of course, we can combine
both of these together and get an even better result.
We used its most important component, known as a crystal detector,
originally made from a piece of crystalline mineral such as galena or minerals
found in the germanium diode inside the radio which we replaced with a
Silicon diode.
Silicon diodes are better at correcting current than germanium diodes in an
order of magnitudes, germanium diodes have a slightly lower voltage drop
but the diodes leakage is much greater.
On a larger scale, our product will be able to provide enough electricity to
power lighting systems of entire highways or high density, noise filled
neighborhoods.

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 INTRODUCTION
Though still in the research phase, such technology could mean a new era in
energy generation and conservation. Harvesting acoustic noise is more about
mechanical vibrations than sound itself, the idea is definitely there, and its
quite promising. Says Cohen-Tanugi, professor at MIT.
Our project is a product of our displeasure in watching the world deteriorate
and people try to save it blindly, not knowing what theyre doing. We wanted
to find a way to easily create electric energy in a fast and cheap manor and
from abundant resources.
Constant industrial expansion exponentially raised the need for power
production. The first thing that most people think about is using standard
renewable sources, but we thought outside of the box and decided to make
something that produced electricity and didnt need huge investments, while
being able to be used everywhere and by anyone.
We found an old crystal radio in an attic and discovered that it didnt need
batteries to function, we were quite amazed by this scene. After some
investigation we discovered the basic principles and parts behind this device,
we thought that we could reverse engineer this device and find a different
purpose, and thus, an idea was born, an idea to create energy from something
that is constantly around us, waves!
We recreated the crystal radio with modern alternative parts and made it
transfer mechanical energy from waves into electrical energy and not sound.
What this means is that electricity can be produced in any part of the world,
no matter the climate or geographical location.

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MATERIALS AND
METHODS
Circuit board
Copper wire
Ceramic capacitors
Electrolytic capacitors
Silicon diode
Antenna
Soldering station
Glue gun
Cardboard
Styrofoam
As a starting point, we deconstructed the crystal radio and examined the parts
that it consisted of and tried to figure out how to directly create electricity
and not sound.

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We removed the headphones and a few unnecessary capacitors and we got a
slight output. After numerous revisions we concluded that significant results
couldnt be achieved with this setup. We removed the coils and directly
connected the wires. Results slightly improved. After that we patiently
identified the rustic parts and started to search for modern and efficient
alternatives. We decided to rebuild this crystal radio with modern parts.
We obtained a circuit board and the antenna. Next up was determining which
diodes work the best, we included a table with the info we gathered while
testing multiple options which led to our discovery that silicon diodes are
better for this project than the previously installed germanium counterpart.
A diode is an electrical component acting as a one-way valve for current.
When voltage is applied across a diode in such a way that the diode allows
current, the diode is said to be forward-biased. When voltage is applied
across a diode in such a way that the diode prohibits current, the diode is said
to be reverse-biased. The voltage dropped across a conducting, forward-
biased diode is called the forward voltage.
Name Forward Leakage Price
voltage drop

Silicon 0.7V Slight $2 for 100

Germanium 0.3V Big $2.66 for 5

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We reassembled the circuit and started new testings. (see image below)

circled parts were removed

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 RESULTS &
DISCUSSION
Ambient/Results Max. voltage Max. output
City center 0.5 V 0.1 Ma
Busy road 0.3 V 0.05 Ma
Plain field 0.03 V 0.007 Ma

Ambient/Results Avg. voltage Avg. output

City center 0.3816 V 0.0801 Ma
Busy road 0.1992 V 0.0325 Ma
Plain field 0.0187 V 0.0054 Ma

Measurements were taken in Zavidovii, Bosnia & Herzegovina

Results like these are quite promising and could be better if the device was
used in modern cities or in conditions involving a higher density of waves
and sound. One thing that could also improve the results would be using
multiple receivers and better conducting equipment, which is sadly currently
unavailable to us.
Our concept was definitely a success and we are 100% positive it will have a
massive use in the future and will inspire future generations to pursue the
idea of seemingly invisible free renewable energy, which may one day lead to
a revolutionary discovery that can impact all of our lives.

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The results were far better than expected, we didnt realize how much free
energy was constantly around us, and that fact made us rethink our
surroundings, and ask ourselves whether there are other unconventional
sources of energy like this one.
The increased need for energy made some people doubt in renewable
resources, but a device like this could change their opinion which would
make more minds think about this expanding issue
A similar project was attempted by an Instructables.com user and the table
below showcases their results.

Ambient/Results Max. voltage Max. output

Field 0.4 mV 0.06 nA
City 0.5 mV 0.08 nA
Ambient/Results Avg. voltage Avg. output
Field 0.31 mV 0.042 nA
City 0.4 mV 0.069 nA

This project was however done with a standard antenna, germanium diodes
and tried exploiting the magnetic field of the earth to produce electrical
energy. Our results are superior since we used modern equipment and a
different source for producing electricity.
However, this project initially sparked our interest and inspired us to look for
energy sources in places we would never usually look for.
We plan to keep working on this project until it is fully prepared and ready to
be launched on the market. We will keep trying to innovate and improve it in
any way we can while keeping the project efficient and not financially
demanding.

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 CONCLUSION
As coal, oil and other nonrenewable resources are
getting depleted we need to start finding more
efficient ways of producing electricity, the pillar of
modern society. This project is a prototype and is a
great base for devices of this type. We discovered
amazing things We hope to improve our project by
using better equipment and experimenting with new
concepts and ideas. It has great potential to evolve
into something that can have widespread use in
todays society.
Finally we would like to add that it was a pleasure to
work on this project and get such great results. It
really was eye opening. The only way this invention
can move is forward .

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
We would firstly like to thank our parents for the
continuous support throughout the process of
creating this eye-opening project.
We would also like to give special thanks to our dear
mentor prof. Semir avki .
We would also like to thank our schools principal,
vice principal and the teachers board.

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Works Cited

Jensen, S. (2012). Can sound be converted into useful energy. Retrieved from MIT Engineering:
http://engineering.mit.edu/ask/can-sound-be-converted-useful-energy

Bibliography
McGraw-Hill Encyclopedia of Physics. (1993). McGraw-Hill Companies.

Abasbegovi, N., & Musemi, R. (n.d.). FIZIKA za 3. razred gimnazije i srodnih srednjih kola.

Boyd, D. (n.d.). How a crystal radio works. Retrieved from Crystal Radios:
http://crystalradio.net/howitworks/index.shtml

Various. (n.d.). Crystal Radio. Retrieved from Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystal_radio

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