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NAUTILUS 1
Terminologas y Frases Nuticas
(Espaol - Ingls)
`| `twx?Xt? fv gx
AGRADECIMIENTO
Aunque los materiales contenidos en esta obra son el fruto de mis propios conocimientos adquiridos tras la investigacin y estudios realizados durante mi internado en
la Escuela Nutica de Panam, cursos y prcticas realizadas en el Canal de Panam, la experiencia de haber laborado como profesor de navegacin costera en la
Escuela John Dewey Learning Institute, prctica de cadete y experiencia como tercer, segundo, primer piloto y capitn a bordo de diferentes tipos de buques y con
tripulacin de diversas nacionalidades, me siento particularmente muy agradecido a las siguientes personas:
Al igual mis ms sinceros agredecimientos a las siguiente personas: Robert Cheer, IMO; Susan McCoy, NIMA; Howard P. Danley, NOAA; Peter Albury, ISSA; Razel Kristine,
Microsoft; Andrew Hamilton, Shipping Guides Ltd.; Peter Griffes, Lighthouse Press; Devin Winton, DMAHTC; Joan Teale, UKHO; Steve Bell, CCLRC; Dave Iwamoto, IHHI; Horst
Meder, STORK; Walter T. Luchsinger Jr., ACP, las cuales en representacin de sus organizaciones, me otorgaron permiso por escrito de reproducir materiales protegidos por la ley de
derecho de autor (copyright).
CONTENIDO
z 391 Pginas con Ilustraciones,
z 4,500 Sonidos en Ingls,
z Ms de 850 Imgenes Digitalizadas,
z Certificados y Documentos Oficiales,
z Procedimientos a Seguir,
z Abreviaturas y Cdigos,
z Extractos de Convenios y Regulaciones,
z Diccionario (Espaol - Ingls, Ingls - Espaol) de uso Diario,
z Breves lecturas de sucesos histricos y cientficos relacionados
al contexto nutico,
PARTICULARIDADES
CONFIGURACIN INTERIOR DEL BUQUE
ESTRUCTURA y ARMAZN
NAVEGACIN
TIEMPO
MQUINAS
GMDSS
Instrucciones
z Esta obra esta protegida y goza de todo los derechos reservados ante leyes internacionales y ninguna parte puede ser copiada sin permiso expreso de
su autor.
z Requiere Adobe Reader 6+, (si su PC no lo tiene se instalar automticamente desde el CD). Windows 98XP, Windows Media Player y Photo
Editor.
Acceso:
z Para navegar presione Enter, las flechas, page up/down, home o end del teclado o los botones del mouse. Para salir de la presentacion en pantalla
completa presione Esc. Para una mejor navegacin le recomiendo leer el Adobe Reader Help. Le ser muy cmodo trabajar con los bookmarks.
z Una vez ingrese al Nautilus 1 le recomiendo leer la introduccin, de esta forma podr entender la estructura y presentacin del mismo.
z Audio: Haga doble click en las palabras en ingls. Al inicio le aparecer una ventana de acceso. Pngale un gancho en do not show this message
again y a continuacin presione open. Aparecer la ventana de Media Player, le recomiendo que la reduzca de tal forma de no bloquear la ventana
principal. Ajuste el volumen.
z Imgenes: Haga doble click en las palabras en espaol. Al inicio le aparecer una ventana de acceso. Pngale un gancho en do not show this
message again y a continuacin presione open. Ajuste el tamao de la ventana de Photo Editor de tal forma de no bloquear la ventana principal. La
mejor resolucin la obtiene al usar 100% de zoom. Puede tener hasta 30 imgenes abiertas a la ves.
z Puede imprimir, cortar y pegar algunas imgenes y texto. Esto con el mero propsito de presentar trabajos acadmicos, previa autorizacin escrita por
el autor.
z Recuerde que esta obra esta protegida y goza de todo los derechos reservados ante leyes internacionales y ninguna parte puede ser copiada sin
permiso expreso del Autor. Copy right 2004.
Registros, Aprobaciones y Derechos
z Copyright 2004, Todos los derechos reservados. Prohibida la reproduccin total
o parcial de esta obra, por cualquier medio o mtodo sin autorizacin escrita del
autor. Resolucin No. 282-002-2004 (24 de junio de 2004). Ministerio de
Educacin, Direccin Nacional de Derecho de Autor, Panam.
`t||x Xwvt| U~
Nautilus 1
Originalmente (Terminologas y Frases Nuticas, Espaol - Ingls)
Autor:
Capt. Fernando Rodrguez Wignall
Master Mariner
Copyright 2004
Todos los derechos reservados
Ministerio de Educacin
Direccin Nacional de Derecho de Autor
Panam
ORIGINALMENTE
(Master Mariner)
2002
]
W x w | v t | t
`| `twx? Xt? fv gx
INTRODUCCIN
Al principio fue muy engorroso porque, como era obvio, no tena conocimientos
de las terminologas y frases nuticas, ni en espaol ni en ingls, de tal forma que
gran parte del tiempo libre y de trabajo me encontraba investigando los diversos
significados y traducciones de terminologas y frases nuticas. Inclusive digo que
estudiaba doble ya que lo que lea en espaol, como parte del currculo de estudio,
lo lea tambin en ingls dado que tuve la gran oportunidad de adquirir textos
martimos en Ingls. Oportunidad que me atrevo a asegurar no han tenido ms del
98% de los estudiantes y oficiales que estn y han egresado de la Escuela Nutica
respectivamente.
Debido a la diversidad de pases que hablan espaol o ingls existen trminos que,
aunque no son tradicionalmente martimos son usados a bordo. De esta forma
surgen palabras sinnimas en alguno de los trminos en cualquiera de los dos
idiomas. Donde hay unos que son ms usados que otros, dentro de Nautilus 1 los
he separados por medio de comas.
El idioma ingls a diferencia del espaol y del alemn no es fontico, es decir, las
palabras no se pronuncian como se escriben. O sea que el aprender el abc en
ingls no quiere decir que podremos pronunciar las palabras correctamente, el
cual es el caso de los idiomas fonticos. Por este motivo para aprender la
pronunciacin correcta de las palabras en ingls es necesario orlas de alguien
que las sepa y claro est el repetirlas muchas veces en voz alta hasta que se
vuelva natural.
En los pies de pginas de las pginas pares he agregado algunos tips, versos,
breves reseas histricas y cientficas que le sern de gran uso durante el
desarrollo de su carrera a bordo.
INSTRUCCIONES
El formato CD (PDF) tiene el mismo contenido que el libro ms hipervnculos a
archivos de audio, de los trminos y frases en ingls, y a archivos de imgenes
ilustrativas. De esta forma cumpliendo tres objetivos: El interesado escucha la
pronunciacin correcta de los trminos y frases en ingls, tiene acceso por escrito
a esos datos y es ilustrado con las imgenes.
Los hipervnculos:
Sin ms prembulo, espero que este pequeo grano de arena el cual deseo aportar
como ayuda a la educacin de los cadetes y grumetes de las diversas Instituciones
de Educacin Martima en nuestro pas y en aquellos pases de habla hispana,
sirva para enaltecer sus conocimientos con respecto a esta maravillosa carrera.
Seores, esto suena mucho mejor que prestar servicio militar por uno o dos aos.
En mi opinin debemos de aprovechar y darle esta oportunidad a nuestros
jvenes, esto con el propsito de crear una nueva fuente de empleo, con ingresos
substanciales, a bordo de buques bajo bandera panamea y reducir el dficit de
plazas de trabajo en nuestro pas.
Si ves a un hombre con hambre a la orilla del mar, no le des de comer, ensale
a navegar.
AGRADECIMIENTO
A
unque los materiales contenidos en esta obra son el fruto de mis propios
conocimientos adquiridos tras la investigacin y estudios realizados
durante mi internado en la Escuela Nutica de Panam, cursos y prcticas
realizadas en el Canal de Panam, la experiencia de haber laborado como profesor
de Navegacin Costera en la Escuela John Dewey Learning Institute, prctica de
cadete y experiencia como tercer, segundo, primer piloto y capitn a bordo de
diferentes tipos de buques y con tripulacin de diversas nacionalidades, me siento
particularmente muy agradecido a las siguientes personas:
RECONOCIMIENTOS
(ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS)
Diagrams on pages 160, 208, 212 & 214 have been reproduced from the IMO
publications GMDSS Hand Book, 3rd Ed. 2001 & Ships Routing 7th Ed.
1999 with the kind permission of the International Maritime Organization.
Diagrams on pages 120, 122, 124 & 176 have been reproduced, from the the
American Practical Navigator (Bowditch) Pub. #9, Ed. 1995 - page 27, figures
309C and 309D; page 39, Chart No. 1 Index; insert Chart Explanations (Port
Maury) Sounding In Meters and the Radar Navigation Manual Pub. 1310, 6th
Ed., 1994 - page 141, example 13, with the kind permission of the National
Imagery and Mapping Agency.
Diagrams on pages 226, 228, 230, 232, 234, 236, 238, 240, 242, 244 have been
reproduced from the ISSA Catalogue with the kind permission of the
International Ship Supply Association.
Diagram on page 120 and articles (Readings) on pages 311 to 329 have been
reproduced from the Encarta Encyclopedia 98 with the kind permission of
Microsoft.
"Diagrams on pages 136 & 140 have been reproduced from the DMAHTC 10th
Edition Hydrographic catalog with the kind permission of the Defense
Mapping Agency Hydrographic/Topographic Center.
"Diagrams on pages 138, 140, 148, 150, 151, 152, 186, 202, 206, 208, 210, 212,
214, 216 and the hyperlinks diagrams on chapter 14 (Navigation), 15 (Weather) &
"Diagram on page 112 have been reproduced from the Storck Guide Stowage &
Segregation to IMDG Code 2002, 18th Ed., with the kind permission of Storck
Verlag, Hamburg.
CONTENIDO
Pag.
DEDICATORIA iii
INTRODUCCIN v
AGRADECIMIENTO ix
RECONOCIMIENTOS xi
CAPTULOS
1. Particularidades.........1
2. Marcas y Medidas...7
3. Puntos de Direccin y Localizacin..17
4. Estructura y Armazn del Buque..23
5. Configuracin Exterior del Buque....29
6. Configuracin Interior del Buque.37
7. Compartimentos e Instalaciones Internas.43
8. Superestructuras y Construcciones Externas....51
9. Anclas...59
10. Atracando y Desatracando....69
11. Tripulacin....81
12. Seguridad y Proteccin ....95
13. Carga...105
14. Navegacin......119
15. Tiempo....141
16. Luces...153
17. Colregs 72.......157
1 8 . Radar...169
1 9 . Mquinas.....177
20. Global Maritime Distress & Safety System (GMDSS)...........191
21. Herramientas.......223
APNDICES.......245
BIBLIOGRAFA.....332
AMC ADVERT...339
NDICE...343
CAPTULO
1
PARTICULARIDADES
PARTICULARS
PARTICULARIDADES
Particulars
Ships Particulars
1. Constructores Builders
2. Ao de Construccin Year Built
3. Sociedad Clasificadora Clasification Society
4. Clase Class
5. Tipo de Mquina Engine Type
6. Material de Construccin Construction Material
7. Fecha de Puesta de Quilla Keel Laid
8. Botadura Launched
9. Entregado Delivered
10. Capacidad de Combustible Bunkering Capacity
11. Capacidad de Tanques de Agua Water Tanks Capacity
12. Tipo de Propela Propeller Type
13. Velocidad de Crucero Service Speed
14. Tripulacin Coplement, Crew
El IMO Number debe de ir inscrito en el espejo de popa junto con el nombre del
buque y el puerto de registro, algunos buques lo llevan en la superestructura y en
uno de los mamparos de una de sus bodegas. [aidentifikeichion, aidi nomber]
12. Tipo de Buque: (Ship Type): Dentro de las grandes clasificaciones de hoy
da: [chip taip]
C
CAAPPT
TUUL
LOO
2
MARCAS Y MEDIDAS
(Marks And Measurements)
H
ay autos grandes y pequeos, edificios
de diferentes dimensiones y de formas,
calzados, ropa de vestir de diversas
tallas y dentro de cada grupo una forma
distinta de indicar las medidas con respecto a
su largo, ancho y espesor. Lo mismo sucede
con los buques donde las unidades de medida
son las mismas (metros, pies o yardas, etc.),
pero si desea saber cunto es el ancho de un
buque pregunte por la manga.
Al entrar al lago Gatn, sin asiento (even keel), el buque se asentara a proa (by the head).
8
NAUTILUS 1
(Terminologas y Frases Nuticas)
Copyright 2004
MARCAS Y MEDIDAS
(Marks And Measurements)
3. Puntal: (Depth): Trmino usado para indicar la altura del buque, se fija
desde la parte interior de la estructura ms baja del buque conocida como quilla
(keel) hasta la parte interior de la estructura conocida como bao (beam). [dept]
Al entrar al lago Gatn, sin asiento (even keel), el buque se asentara a proa (by the head).
10
NAUTILUS 1
(Terminologas y Frases Nuticas)
Copyright 2004
Al entrar al lago Gatn, sin asiento (even keel), el buque se asentara a proa (by the head).
12
NAUTILUS 1
(Terminologas y Frases Nuticas)
Copyright 2004
16. Arqueo Neto: (Net Register Tonnage): Arqueo constituido por el volumen
de todos los espacios del buque destinados al transporte de cargas que produzcan
beneficios econmicos. [net rellister ton-ech]
21. Peso Muerto: (Dead Weight Tonnage): Peso mximo permitido por el
reglamento de francobordo. Tambin nos da una idea del aprovechamiento
comercial del buque. En general el peso de todo lo que se cargue. [ded ueit dis-
pleis-ment]
Al entrar al lago Gatn, sin asiento (even keel), el buque se asentara a proa (by the head).
14
NAUTILUS 1
(Terminologas y Frases Nuticas)
Copyright 2004
27. Lneas de Carga, Lneas de Francobordo: (Load Lines): Son las lneas o
niveles mximos a los que se puede cargar un buque sin poner en peligro su
seguridad (safety), la de la tripulacin (crew) y pasajeros (passengers) a bordo.
Van marcadas en ambos costados en los extremos de proa, popa y en el medio
(amidship). [loud lains]
Nota
Al entrar al lago Gatn, sin asiento (even keel), el buque se asentara a proa (by the head).
16
NAUTILUS 1
(Terminologas y Frases Nuticas)
Copyright 2004
CAPTULO
3.
PUNTOS DE DIRECCIN
Y LOCALIZACIN
(LOCATION & DIRECTION POINTS)
S
i a las 0400 iba a rumbo
180 y a las 0530 cambi
a 270, vuestra proa
estar apuntando al oeste y
ver a Venus en la popa poco
antes de salir el sol. El viento
por la amura de estribor ayud
al buque a cambiar
rpidamente a 270, justamente
cuando tena a la Isla del
Diablo al travs de babor.
Make tugboat
fast on port
bow, Capt. !
Container
Ship
Port side
PUNTOS DE DIRECCIN Y
LOCALIZACIN
(Location & Direction Points)
8. Amura: (Bow): Parte del casco (hull) y cubierta (deck) donde ambos
comienzan a estrecharse para formar la proa. [bao]
Figura 12. Marcacin en el strd. bow. Figura 13. Marcacin en el port quarter.
encuentre por el lado de babor ortogonal a la lnea de cruja del buque se le dice
que est al travs de babor (on the port beam). [abiim]
10. Aleta: (Quarter): Parte del casco (hull) y la cubierta (deck) donde ambos
comienzan a estrecharse para formar la popa. [kuarter]
11. Puntos, Cuartas: (Compass Points): Cada una de las partes en que se
divide la rosa de los vientos: norte (north), sur (south), este (east), oeste (west),
etc.[compas points]
12. Rumbo: (Course): Direccin hacia la cual est enfilada la proa, se expresa
en grados generalmente desde 000 a 360 a partir del norte geogrfico o el
magntico y en el sentido de las manecillas del reloj (clockwise).[koors]
18. Sotavento: (Leeward, Down Wind): Zona o costado del buque que queda
del lado opuesto de donde sopla el viento. Este es el costado por donde embarca y
desembarca el prctico (pilot). [lii-uard, daun uind]
CAPTULO
4
ESTRUCTURA Y ARMAZN
DEL BUQUE
(SHIPS STRUCTURE AND PLATING)
115
Barrotines
10. Baos: (Beams): Vigas transversales unidas a los extremos superiores de las
cuadernas, sus objetivos son reforzar las cuadernas y soportar las cubiertas que
12. Esloras, Entremiches: (Side Deck Girders): Piezas que van intercaladas
entre los baos (beams) con la finalidad de mantener cierta separacin entre ellos,
tambin contribuyen con el sostenimiento de las cubiertas. [said deck llirder]
15. Pie de Carnero: (Spring, Sole Plate): Chapa triangular colocada en la base
de los puntales (pillars) con el propsito de reforzarlos. [sprin, sol pleit]
17. Planchas: (Shells, Plates): Lminas de acero que forman el casco (hull) de
aproximadamente 2.54 cm (1 ) de espesor. Se les han asignado tres dgitos para
su identificacin: traca, longitudinal y banda, ejemplos: [chels, pleits]
Notas
CAPTULO
5
CONFIGURACIN EXTERIOR
D E L B U QU E
(EXTERNAL CONFIGURATION OF THE
VESSEL)
h sted ve un tanquero y un
remolcador de altura y lo
primero que dice es que son
diferentes en dimensiones, toneladas
de registro bruto, aspecto fsico y
objetivo de trabajo. Pero son
completamente distintos en sus
aspectos exteriores? No, dado que
ambos estn, aunque en mayor o
menor proporcin, cubiertos de una
piel que llamamos casco, tienen
cubiertas, pantoques, bordas y
bordas falsas e inclusive sus
cubiertas tienen una brusca.
1. Casco: (Hull): Parte del buque que se encuentra en contacto directo con el
agua. Es constituido al llevarse acabo el revestimiento exterior con planchas y
lminas (plates, strakes) de lo que es el armazn formado por la quilla, la roda, el
codaste, las cuadernas, las vagras y las varengas. [jol]
3. Cubierta Principal: (Main Deck): Aquella que recorre la parte o cierre del
buque en su parte superior en toda la extensin de su eslora (length). (mein deck)
5. Brusca: (Camber): Curvatura hacia los extremos de los baos que permite
que las aguas introducidas sobre las cubiertas del buque no se acumulen, sino que
corran hacia los trancaniles (stringers, waterways) y escapen al mar a travs de
los imbornales (scuppers, scruppers). [kamber]
que se prolongan de la borda hacia arriba y que tienen como finalidad evitar que
las personas, cargas u objetos que se encuentran en la cubierta caigan al mar. [bul-
uark]
11. Obra Viva, Carena: (Quick Work): Parte del casco (hull) que se
encuentra sumergida en el agua. [kuik uork]
12. Obra Muerta: (Freeboard, Dead Work, Upper Work): Parte del casco
que no se encuentra sumergida en el agua. [friibord, ded uork, oper uork]
14. Pantoque: (Bilge): Parte curva del casco donde se unen el fondo (bottom)
con el costado (side) del buque. [bilch]
15. Costado: (Side): Cada una de las dos superficies o caras laterales del casco
de un buque constituidas por la obra muerta. En dique se extiende desde la borda
hasta el pantoque (bilge). [said]
16. Fondo: (Bottom): Parte interior del casco de un buque en su parte ms baja.
[bot-om]
20. Bulbo, Gota de Agua: (Bulbous Bow): Tipo de proa con una protuberancia
en su parte inferior, la cual da ventaja hidrodinmica a los buques. [bulbous bao]
22. Espejo: (Escutcheon): Fachada de la parte trasera del buque que se forma a
partir del coronamiento (taffrail) en sentido vertical, hasta la parte en donde se
inicia cierta curvatura en la que se resguarda la pala del timn. [eskut-chion]
24. Vano: (Screw Aperture): Abertura hecha en el codaste (stern post, stern
frame) de los buques por donde pasa el eje de la hlice. [escru aperchor]
CAPTULO
6
CONFIGURACIN INTERIOR
DEL BUQUE
(INTERNAL CONFIGURATION OF THE
VESSEL)
5. Doble Fondo: (Double Bottom): Espacio interno del buque formado por el
forro exterior del fondo, parte del pantoque (bilge) y cubiertas (tank tops) del
cuarto de mquinas y bodegas. El mismo es usado para llevar combustible, agua
dulce o salada para lastre y para evitar que los espacios de carga se inunden en
caso de que el fondo sufra daos. [dob-ul bot-om]
MAMPAROS
(BULK HEADS)
11. Tapn del Fondo: (Bottom Plug): Tapa metlica y pequea que sella el
orificio de drenaje de cada tanque de lastre, combustible o agua dulce y removido
durante la estada del buque en dique seco (dry dock). No se olvide de guardarlas
y colocarlas nuevamente una vez terminada la estada en dicho lugar. [bottom
plog]
15. Cofferdam: (Cofferdam): Espacio entre los mamparos que sirve para aislar
dos compartimentos. Su uso ms comn es el de evitar posibilidades de
contaminacin de las cargas por otras adyacentes. [cof-erdam]
17. Bocinas: (Bushings): Tubo por donde transita la cadena del ancla desde
cubierta a la caja de cadenas (chain locker). [bochins]
Notas
CAPTULO
7
COMPARTIMENTOS E
INSTALACIONES INTERNAS
(COMPARTMENTS & INTERNAL INSTALATIONS)
44 La Tierra gira sobre su propio eje a una velocidad de 15/h o 1 cada 4 minutos.
NAUTILUS 1
(Terminologas y Frases Nuticas)
Copyright 2004
COMPARTIMENTOS E INSTALACIONES
INTERNAS
(Compartments & Internal Instalations)
46 La Tierra gira sobre su propio eje a una velocidad de 15/h o 1 cada 4 minutos.
NAUTILUS 1
(Terminologas y Frases Nuticas)
Copyright 2004
14. Eje Porta Hlice: (Propeller Shaft, Screw Shaft): Eje horizontal
encargado de transmitir el giro del aparato motor a las hlices. [propeler chaft,
scruu chaft]
15. Tnel del Eje de las Hlices: (Shaft Alley): Especie de techo protector que
cubre por todas partes al eje de las hlice para evitar que el movimiento de la
misma cause dao alguno a cualquier tripulante (crew member). [chaft alei]
16. Cuarto de Servo Motor: (Steering Gear Room, Steering Flat, Servo-
Motor Room, Actuator Room): Compartimiento situado a popa del buque
justamente en la vertical superior del timn, en el se encuentra instalada la
48 La Tierra gira sobre su propio eje a una velocidad de 15/h o 1 cada 4 minutos.
NAUTILUS 1
(Terminologas y Frases Nuticas)
Copyright 2004
maquinaria que hace mover la pala del timn. [steerin guier rrum, steerin flat,
sirvo mot-or ruum, actuetor ruum]
21. Litera: (Bed, Bunk): Cada una de las camas en las cabinas o camarotes.
[bed, bonk]
Notas
50 La Tierra gira sobre su propio eje a una velocidad de 15/h o 1 cada 4 minutos.
NAUTILUS 1
(Terminologas y Frases Nuticas)
Copyright 2004
CAPTULO
8
SUPERESTRUCTURAS
Y CONSTRUCCIONES
EXTERNAS
(SUPERSTRUCTURES & EXTERNAL
CONSTRUCTIONS)
A
unque diseados para transportar carga
de diferentes clases y en diversas
cantidades, los buques estn compuestos
de varias partes las cuales varan en tamao,
forma y ubicacin, como tambin hay otras que
son comunes en cuanto a su propsito. Entre las
comunes encontramos el puente que, aunque la
superestructura en donde est ubicado sea el
castillo, la ciudadela o el alczar, se encuentra en
la parte ms alta.
SUPERESTRUCTURAS Y
CONSTRUCCIONES EXTERNAS
(Superstructures & External Constructions)
6. Tres Islas: (Three Island Ship): Nombre dado a todos los buques que
tienen castillo (focsle), ciudadela (waist) y toldilla (poop). [trii ailan chip]
13. Tubera de Ventilacin: (Vent Pipe): Conducto que une cada uno de los
tanques de lastre, combustible y agua dulce con el exterior, permitiendo el escape
o entrada del aire segn se este llenando o achicando respectivamente.
Generalmente son dos: una a proa y otra a popa. [vent paip]
15. Lumbreras: (Skylight, Steam Port, Air Hole): Ventanas que permiten el
paso de la luz y aire a partes interiores del buque. [skai lait, stiim port, er jol]
17. Portas: (Ports): Grandes aberturas rectangulares que ciertos buques llevan
a los costados para salida y entrada de personal y cierta carga. [ports]
18. Portaln: (Gang Way): Abertura hecha en la borda falsa (bulwarks) por la
que entra y sale el personal del buque. [guian uei]
19. Pasarela: (Walk Way, Foot Bridge, Cat Walk): Pequeo paso elevado
construido sobre la cubierta, generalmente, en los buques tanques, L.P.G y L.N.G.
Sirviendo de comunicacin entre las islas del buque, evitando caminar sobre
cubierta. [ualk uei, fut bridch, caet ualk]
20. Escala: (Ladder): Nombre dado a una escalera a bordo de un buque, puede
ser de madera (wood), acero (steel), cable (cables) o cabo (rope) usada para subir
y bajar a los distintos compartimentos, embarcar o desembarcar del mismo.
[lader]
22. Escala de Tojino: (Ladder): Escala cuyos peldaos son piezas soldadas a
un mamparo o mstil. [lader]
24. Escala de Gato: (Round Rung Ladder): Escala porttil formada por tiras
de cabos y peldaos de madera, el cual se apareja (rig) al costado del buque para
el embarque o desembarque de personal y muchas veces usada por los tripulantes
para ayudar a tomar los calados. [raund rong lader]
Notas
CAPTULO
9
ANCLAS
(ANCHORS)
Figura 48. TYPES: Hall, Snug towing, Light weight RT W, Light weight, Moorfast, Grapple,
Grapnel, Old fashion, Stockless & Mushroom. PARTS: Arm, Bill, Crown, Eye, Fluke,
Folding stock, Palm, Ring, Shackle, Shank, Shoulder & Stock.
60 En el hemisferio norte la direccin del viento es clock wise dentro de los anti-ciclones.
NAUTILUS 1
(Terminologas y Frases Nuticas)
Copyright 2004
ANCLAS
(Anchors)
7. Eslabones: (Links): Anillos o eslabones que forman la cadena, los hay con
concrete (studlink) y sin concrete. [links]
11. Ramal Giratorio: (Swivel): Aqul usado para evitar que la cadena tome
vueltas al bornear el buque. [suiv-el]
12. Grillete Giratorio: (Mooring Swivel): Aqul usado para evitar que las
cadenas de dos anclas tomen vueltas entre s al bornear el buque. [murin suiv-el]
6,7
62 En el hemisferio norte la direccin del viento es clock wise dentro de los anti-ciclones.
NAUTILUS 1
(Terminologas y Frases Nuticas)
Copyright 2004
14. Malla: (Bitter End): Unin entre el ltimo tramo de cadena y la caja de
cadena. [biter end]
15. Gatera: (Spill Pipe): Orificio que comunica la caja de cadenas con la
cubierta. [spil paip]
18. Tambor: (Gypsyhead, Drum): Parte del molinete y cabrestante usado para
el templado de los cabos de amarre. [llipsi-jed, drom]
20. Mordaza: (Riding Chock): Elemento usado para ahorcar la cadena con el
objeto de afirmarla y as evitar que trabaje sobre la corona del barbotn, barbotn
(wildcat). [raidin chock]
21. Bozas, Tenazas: (Devils Claw): Ramales de cadenas unidos por un tramo
al buque y por el otro a la cadena del ancla para trincarla y asegurarla durante los
viajes y cuando se est fondeado (anchored) para evitar el esfuerzo del barbotn,
barbotn (wildcat). [dev-uls cloa]
64 En el hemisferio norte la direccin del viento es clock wise dentro de los anti-ciclones.
NAUTILUS 1
(Terminologas y Frases Nuticas)
Copyright 2004
26. Alistar Ambas Anclas Para Largar: (Make Both Anchors Ready To
Let Go): Orden para los preparativos a soltar el ancla. [meik bout ancoras red tu
Let go]
27. Luz de Fondeo: (Anchor Light, Riding Light): Luz blanca visible sobre
todo el horizonte la cual indica que un buque est fondeado. [ankor lait, raidin
lait]
29. Apear El Ancla: (Walk Anchor out): Orden para sacar el ancla un poco
del escobn (hawsepipe), de tal forma que no se trabe al dar la orden de largar
(let go). [ualk ankor aut]
30. Alistarse Para Largar: (Stand By - Your Anchor): Orden dada para que
los marinos se ubiquen en sus posiciones para largar el ancla. [stan bai yor ankor]
31. Ancla Lista Para Largar: (Anchor Ready To Let Go): Expresin que
indica que estamos listos para la orden de largar el ancla. [ankor redi tu let go]
32. Soltar El Ancla: (Let Go Anchor): Orden de quitar el freno del barbotn
(wildcat) y dejar que el ancla caiga al fondo (bottom). [let go ankor]
33. Detener a Dos Grilletes: (Hold At Two Shackles): Orden para parar de
largar o de levar el ancla a un nmero de grilletes mandados. [jold at tu chackels]
37. Garrear: (Drag): Cuando el ancla es arrastrada por el buque movido ste
por sus mquinas o por fuerzas exteriores. Se observa cuando la cadena se tensa
luego se lasca. Esto es debido a que los grilletes largados no son suficientes.
[draeg]
Figura 52. Winche de proa para la cadena del ancla y los mooring lines.
Figura 53. Focsles deck with capstans, bitts, chocks & mooring ropes.
66 En el hemisferio norte la direccin del viento es clock wise dentro de los anti-ciclones.
NAUTILUS 1
(Terminologas y Frases Nuticas)
Copyright 2004
39. Levar Anclas: (Commence Heaving, Heave Up): Orden para comenzar a
recoger el ancla. [komens jivin, jiv up]
40. Ancla a la Pendura: (Up And Down): Situacin de la cadena cuando esta
se encuentra ortogonal al fondo. [up an daun]
42. Zarpar: (Aweigh): Situacin en el instante que el ancla se libera del fondo.
[a-uei]
45. Traer El Ancla A Bordo: (Bring Anchor Home): Orden para alojar el
ancla en el escobn (hawsepipe) o sobre la cubierta dependiendo del tipo. [brin
ankor joom]
46. Trincar, Asegurar: (Secure Both Anchors for Sea): Orden para asegurar
las anclas por medio de las bozas (devils claw). [sikiur bout ankors for si]
47. Ancla Lista Para Navegar, Ancla Firme: (Anchor Secured for Sea):
Expresin que indica que las anclas estn trincadas y aseguradas por medio de las
bozas (devils claw) y con sus caas (shanks) dentro del escobn (hawsepipe).
[ankor sikiurd for si]
Notas
68 En el hemisferio norte la direccin del viento es clock wise dentro de los anti-ciclones.
NAUTILUS 1
(Terminologas y Frases Nuticas)
Copyright 2004
CAPTULO
10
ATRACANDO Y
DESATRACANDO
(BERTHING & UNBERTHING)
A
l salir y luego al llegar, sea despus de
un viaje largo o corto, de da o de
noche, durante buen tiempo o mal
tiempo, e inclusive con visibilidad cero,
debemos atracar o desatracar el buque. Desde
que se construy el primer buque, al igual que
la necesidad de usar el ancla, haba tambin
necesidad de asegurarlo al muelle a su
llegada, ya sea a travs de cabos o cables, y
hoy en da con la ayuda de remolcadores. El
Master, el Prctico, el Third Mate y el timonel
en el puente, El Chief Mate en la proa y el
second Mate en la popa, todos a la hora de
stand by.
Figura 54. Muelles de Rio Haina (RHN), San Juan (SJU), Port of Prince (PAP),
Curaao (CUR) & Kingston (KSN).
En 6 minutos recorres una distancia igual a la velocidad del buque dividida entre 10.
70
NAUTILUS 1
(Terminologas y Frases Nuticas)
Copyright 2004
ATRACANDO y DESATRACANDO
(Berthing & Unberthing)
Figura 57. Dip the eye (la gasa de la ltima por debajo de la gasa de la primera).
En 6 minutos recorres una distancia igual a la velocidad del buque dividida entre 10.
72
NAUTILUS 1
(Terminologas y Frases Nuticas)
Copyright 2004
11. Largo de Proa: (Head Line, Bowline): Lnea de amarre que sale de la
proa (bow) del buque y es fijada hacia adelante de sta. [jed lain, bao-lain]
12. Largo de Popa: (Stern Line): Lnea de amarre que sale de la popa (stern)
del buque y es fijada hacia atrs de sta. [steern lain]
14. Retenida, Esprn de Amura Popel: (After Bow Spring): Lnea de amarre
que sale de la amura (bow) o de la misma proa y es fijada hacia atrs. [after bao
sprin]
18. Bitas: (Bitts): Pequeas columnas de acero, fijadas a una base firme sobre
la cubierta, alrededor de las cuales se toman vueltas con los cabos y cables de
amarre para la fijacin del buque. [bits]
20. Cncamo: (Eye Bolt, Pad Eye, Ring Bolt): Construccin metlica casi en
forma de ojo alargado. Es fijado a la cubierta, mstiles, palos y mamparos del
buque y usados para la fijacin de grilletes, aparejos, tensores y ganchos de carga.
Si constan de una argolla permanente se les llama ring bolt. [ai bolt, pad ai, rin
bolt]
Figura
En 6 minutos recorres una distancia igual a la velocidad del buque dividida entre 10.
74
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(Terminologas y Frases Nuticas)
Copyright 2004
21. Gatera, Calzo, Gua: (Chock, Fair Lead): Orificios de metal en las
bordas falsas (bulwarks) por donde pasan los cabos y cables de amarre. Algunos
tipos son: open chock, closed chock, roller chock y panama chock. [chock, feir
liid]
23. Rolete, Gua: (Fair Lead, Pedestal): Pieza metlica fijada verticalmente
sobre la cubierta y se usa para cambiar el ngulo de accin de las lneas de amarre.
[feir liid, pedestal]
26. Tensar: (Take a Strain On): Se pone la lnea indicada bajo tensin. [teik e
strein on]
27. Lascar, Filar, Arriar: (Slack, Slack Off): Se le da seno (bight) a la lnea
indicada. [slak, slak of]
28. Cobrar, Virar: (Take In, Pick Up The Slack): Halamos la lnea, pero sin
tensar. [teik in, pick op di slak]
29. Lascar Poco a Poco: (Ease The): Aflojar la lnea indicada para remover la
tensin sobre ella, pero sin que forme seno (bight). [isi di]
30. Parar de Cobrar, Virar: (Avast, Stop Heaving): Orden para parar de
halar.[avast, stop jivin]
31. Mantener Tensin: (Check The): Aguantar la lnea sin llegar al punto de
ruptura permitindole deslizarse si es necesario. [check di]
32. Asegurar: (Hold The): Dar vueltas suficientes sobre las bitas (bitts) para
que no se deslicen las lneas. [jold di]
En 6 minutos recorres una distancia igual a la velocidad del buque dividida entre 10.
76
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(Terminologas y Frases Nuticas)
Copyright 2004
33. Alistar sus Lneas: (Stand by Your Lines): Orden dada a los marinos para
que preparen los cabos de amarre, la mensajera y el cabo que se le enviar al
remolcador. [stand bai yor lains]
35. Aligerar: (Single Up): Largar todas las lneas dejando slo una en cada
puesto, estacin o bolardo. [singul op]
36. Largar: (Cast Off, Let Go): Orden a los marinos en el muelle u otro buque
de soltar las amarras de los bolardos o cornamusas. [cast of, let go]
37. Largar y Traer A Bordo: (Take In The): Soltar las lneas indicadas y
halarlas para traerlas a bordo. Cuando es dada por el comandante significa:
lascar (slack), luego largar (cast off, let go) y finalmente cobrar (take in) hasta
traer la lnea a bordo. Cuando es dada por el oficial en el castillo o toldilla es
precedida por lascar (slack) y despus largar (cast off, let go): lo que significa
aflojar la lnea indicada, soltar, cobrar y traerla a bordo. [teik in]
38. Trincar, Amarrar, Hacer Firme, Asegurar, Fijar: (To Lash, Secure,
Make Fast): Afirmar o amarrar con cables o cabos por medio de envolturas. [tu
lach, sikuer]
39. Ponerse al Socaire De: (To Make a Lee): Colocar el buque de tal forma
que un lado quede protegido del viento (wind) y los golpes del mar (sea), es decir,
a sotavento (up wind). [tu meik e lii]
40. Ordenes de Timn: (Helm, Wheel Orders): Aqullas dadas por el oficial
encargado de la maniobra en voz alta y clara al timonel, el cual repetir la orden y
una vez realizada contestar repitindola ms la palabra seor (sir). [jelm, uil
orders]
Espaol English
1. Estribor / babor 5, 10, 15, 20 Starboard / port 5, 10, 15, 20
2. Todo a estribor / babor Hard to starboard / port
3. Reducir a 5, 10, 15 Ease to 5, 10, 15
4. Al medio Midships
5. Como va Steady as she goes / steady
6. Slo estribor / babor Nothing left / right
7. Rumbo Whats your course / heading
En 6 minutos recorres una distancia igual a la velocidad del buque dividida entre 10.
78
NAUTILUS 1
(Terminologas y Frases Nuticas)
Copyright 2004
45. Punto de Pivote: (Pivot Point): Punto imaginario sobre la cual los buques
giran, generalmente ubicado a 1/3 de la mitad de la eslora y medida de proa a
popa (from stem to stern). [piv-ot point]
48. Reflujo, Baja Mar: (Ebb): Momento en que la marea desciende. [eb]
50. Prctico: (Pilot): Persona calificada para gobernar una nave a la entra o
salida de un puerto o canal. [pailot]
En 6 minutos recorres una distancia igual a la velocidad del buque dividida entre 10.
80
NAUTILUS 1
(Terminologas y Frases Nuticas)
Copyright 2004
CAPTULO
11
TRIPULACIN
(CREW)
MASTER
Utility
TRIPULACIN
(CREW)
Compartimentos A Bordo
1. Camarote del capitn Captains bed room
2. Saln de recibo del capitn Captains day room
3. Saln Saloon, Lobby
4. Saln de oficiales Officers lounge, saloon, mess
5. Saln principal Main lobby
6. Saln de tripulacin Crews day room
7. Oficina de sobrecargo Pursers office
8. Oficina de mayordomo Stewards office
9. Comedor Mess, mess room, messhall
10. Pasillo Passageway
11. Enfermera Hospital, infirmary
1. Electricista Electrician
2. Aceitero Oiler, motorman
3. Carpintero Carpinter
4. Mecnico Fitter
5. Soldador Welder
6. Bombero Pumpman
7. Cocinero Chief Cook, Cook
8. Mesero Messman, Messboy
9. Camarero Steward
15. Pase A Tierra: (Shore Pass): Documento expedido por las autoridades de
inmigracin del pas a la cual a atracado el buque, a los tripulantes del mismo a su
llegada a dicho pas. Aparece el nombre del portador, No. de pasaporte, nombre
del buque, fecha de llegada y restricciones sobre tiempo de permanencia. [choor-
pas]
16. Revista: (Muster): Formacin para pasar lista a los tripulantes y pasajeros
en el punto de reunin (muster station, muster room). [moster]
18. Litera: (Bed, Bunk): Trmino usado a bordo para designar la cama. [bed,
bonk]
26. Documentacin del Buque: (Ships Papers): Todos los certificados son
expedidos por un perodo de validez no mayor a 12 meses exepto: Safety
Construction Certificate, DOC, SMC y ISSC (5 aos); y Safety Equipment
Certificate (2 aos). [chips peipers]
31. Official del Estado Rector del Puerto: (Port State Control Officer):
Encargado de revisar la legalidad de los documentos exigidos por la IMO, es una
forma de garantizar la seguridad martima (maritime safety) y la prevencin de
la contaminacin del medio ambiente marino (marine environment pollution
prevention). [port esteit control ofiser]
27.
Algunos Certificados
PORT DOCUMENTS
CAPTULO
12
SEGURIDAD Y PROTECCIN
(SAFETY & SECURITY)
From sea water to fresh water the draft forward will increase and the draft aft will decrease.
96
NAUTILUS 1
(Terminologas y Frases Nuticas)
Copyright 2004
SEGURIDAD y PROTECCIN
(Safety & Security)
10. Remo: (Oar): Medio de propulsin manual usado para mover una balsa o
bote. [oor]
11. Assist in closing all ventilation system and bring portable foam fire
A/B (A)
extinguisher to emergency scene.
12. A/B (B) Wears breathing apparatus (SCBA) and fire suit at fire scene.
14. C/D (A) Bring fire axe, foam fire extinguisher & connect fire hoses.
Bring fire axe, oxygen bottles, lifeline and safety lamp to emergency
15. C/D (B)
scene and assist to dress up fireman.
16. FITTER Wears breathing apparatus (SCBA) and fire suit at fire scene.
Close all portholes & watertight doors in galley & at fire scene, bring
17. COOK
stretcher, gives first aids and assist dressing up fireman.
Close all portholes & watertight doors in galley & at fire scene, bring
18. M/BOY
stretcher, gives first aids and assist dressing up fireman.
19. D/CDT On bridge assisting 3/O and as instructed.
Assisting at emergency scene with portable fire extinguisher and
20. E/CDT
connecting fire hoses.
From sea water to fresh water the draft forward will increase and the draft aft will decrease.
98
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(Terminologas y Frases Nuticas)
Copyright 2004
13. Agua Salobre: (Brackish Water): Fusin del agua dulce con agua salada
encontrada en las desembocaduras de los ros. [brakich uater]
15. Pallete de Colisin: (Collision Mat): Cuadro de lona usado para detener el
flujo de agua a travs de un orificio en el casco (hull) del buque. [colichion maet]
Equipo de Seguridad
(Safety Equipment)
From sea water to fresh water the draft forward will increase and the draft aft will decrease.
100
NAUTILUS 1
(Terminologas y Frases Nuticas)
Copyright 2004
25. Plan de Seguridad del Buque: (Ship Security Plan, SSP): El plan
desarrollado para llevar a cabo la aplicacin de medidas que garanticen la
proteccin ante amenazas terroristas (terrorist threat), del personal a bordo, la
carga, la unidad de transporte de carga, pertrechos a bordo y el buque mismo.[chip
sekiuriti plan, es-es-pi]
From sea water to fresh water the draft forward will increase and the draft aft will decrease.
102
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Copyright 2004
32. Nivel 2 de Proteccin: (Security Level 2): Son aquellas en donde se toman
medidas de proteccin adicionales a las rutinarias y mantenidas durante un
periodo de tiempo como resultado de un alto grado de riesgo (risk) o amenaza
(threat). Este nivel indica que cierto sector de la industria puede estar bajo
amenazas, pero sin un objetivo especfico (specific target). [sekiuriti level tuu]
33. Nivel 3 de Proteccin: (Security Level 3): Son aquellas en donde se toman
medidas especificas de proteccin para garantizar la seguridad. Mantenida por un
tiempo ilimitado o cuando un safety incident es probable o inminente, aunque no
sea posible identificar el objetivo especifico (specific target). [sekiuriti level trii]
34. Niveles de Proteccin del USCG: (USCG Security Levels): Son iguales
que los de arriba, no obstante son llamados MARSEC levels 1, 2 y 3. (Maritine
Security Levels). [Llunairet steits koust gard sekiuriti levels]
Notas
From sea water to fresh water the draft forward will increase and the draft aft will decrease.
104
NAUTILUS 1
(Terminologas y Frases Nuticas)
Copyright 2004
CAPTULO
13
CARGA
(CARGO, FREIGHT, LOAD, GOODS)
CARGA
(CARGO, FREIGHT, LOAD, GOODS)
1. Lastre: (Ballast): Peso adicional llevado por un buque a fin de que este
llegue a los calados que convengan, la obtencin del GM deseable y reduccin de
los esfuerzos longitudinales. [bal-ast]
10. Cuas: (Wedges): Cuas de madera colocadas entre las presillas (cleats) y
las platillas (wedge battens) con el propsito de asegurar las lonas (tarpaulins).
Las cuas son fijadas con su extremo inferior hacia popa. [uedllis]
11. Tapas de Escotilla: (Hatch Covers): Pueden ser de madera (hatch board),
pontones (pontuns) o tapas hidrulicas (hidrulica covers) estas ltimas
llamadas McGregor. [jatch covers]
15. Gra Flotante: (Floating Crane): Gra que se encuentra flotando sobre la
superficie del agua. [flot-in krein]
16. Red de Carga: (Cargo Net): Red usada para la operacin de carga y
descarga de ciertas mercancas. [cargo net]
21. Pescante: (Davit): Mstil curvo usado para bajar (lower), subir (heave up)
y estibar (stow) los botes salvavidas. [dav-it]
23. Escora: (Heel, List): Inclinacin permanente de un buque hacia una de sus
bandas producida por fuerzas externas o por la forma en que est estibada
(stowed) la carga a bordo. [jiil, list]
25. Balanceo: (Roll, Rolling): Movimiento del buque de banda a banda sobre
su eje longitudinal, iniciado por fuerzas tales como el viento (wind) y las
marejadas (swell) y estas ltimas cuando vienen por popa. [rol, roll-in]
26. Cabeceo: (Pitch, Pitching): Movimiento del buque al subir y bajar la proa
y la popa sobre su eje transversal causado al recibir las marejadas (swell) y olas
(sea) de frente. [pitch, pitch-in]
27. Buque Duro, Fuerte: (Stiff Vessel): Buque con una altura metacntrica
(GM) positiva, pero grande. [stiff ves-el]
28. Buque Posante: (Tender Vessel): Buque con una altura metacntrica
(GM) positiva, pero pequea. [tender ves-el]
32. Aforo: (Ullage): Volumen de espacio que falta dentro de una bodega o
tanque para terminar de llenarla.[o-leill]
IMO
CLASS NOMBRE NAME
1. Explosivos Explosives
Miscelneo de Mercancas
Miscellaneos Dangerous Goods
9. Peligrosas
Figura 85. Block, Sheaves, Swivel, Shackle, Ring, Hook & Wire.
Figura 86. Hook & eye, Eye & eye, Hook & hook, Jaw & eye and Jaw & jaw.
44. Gua Mdica de Primeros Auxilios: (Medical First Aid Guide, MFAG):
Primeros auxilios que se le debe practicar a un vctima de algn incidente que
involucre mercanca peligrosa. Ver IMDG Code, Ed. 2000/02, pgina 85 / V-2nd
parte del suplemento. [medical ferst eid gaid, em-ef-ei-lli]
50. Plan de Carga: (Loading Plan): Esquema o grfico del buque desde
cualquiera de las tres vistas, ya sea superior, lateral o frontal y sobre la cual se
visualiza la ubicacin de la mercanca (contenedores, granos o lquidos) a cargar.
[loudin plan]
52. Planos Finales: (Master, Sailing Plan): Esquema o grfico del buque
desde cualquiera de las tres vistas, ya sea superior, lateral o frontal, y sobre la
cual se visualiza la ubicacin de toda la mercanca (contenedores, granos o
lquidos) a bordo. [master, seilin plan]
CAPTULO
14
NAVEGACIN
(NAVIGATION)
I
mpresionante saber como
las aves viajan de un lugar
a otro, especialmente a
distancias enormes. Me
imagino que si vuelan al sur se
guiarn manteniendo al sol a su
lado izquierdo por las maanas
y a su lado derecho por las
tardes. Nosotros, si tenemos un
comps, sabemos en donde
estamos y a donde vamos nos es
fcil llegar. SI NO
PREGNTENLE A LOS
BALSEROS.
NAVEGACIN
(Navigation)
10. Posicin Fija: (Fix): La posicin exacta del buque ya sea por radar,
marcaciones, GPS u observaciones astronmicas. [fix]
16. Paralelas: (Parallel Rules): Instrumento usado para transferir una lnea en
la carta paralela as misma y saber su orientacin. [paralel ruls]
23. Carta No. 1 (USA), No. 5011 (UK): (Chart No. 1, No. 5011):
Publicaciones las cuales muestran los smbolos, abreviaturas y trminos usados
directamente en las cartas. Corregidas por los Avisos a los Navegantes (Notice
to Mariners). [chart nomber uan, nomber faiv cirro uan uan]
25. Nudos: (Knots): Medida de velocidad equivalente a una milla nutica por
hora. [nots]
26. Velocidad: (Speed): Valor dado en nudos (knots) la cual es obtenida por la
formula d = vt, d = st. Donde la distancia es en millas nuticas y el tiempo en
horas o fraccin. No es correcto decir nudos por hora, slo se dice nudos. [spiid]
30. Regla Nutica: (Nautical Slide Rule): Instrumento usado para clculos de
distancia, velocidad y tiempo. Donde la distancia puede ser en millas nuticas o
terrestres, la velocidad en nudos y el tiempo en horas, minutos o segundos.
[naotical eslaid rrul]
34. Boya: (Buoy): Cuerpo flotante indicador de los sitios peligrosos en las
aguas transitadas y fijadas en su posicin a un muerto (ancla hecha de cemento)
por medio de una cadena, cabo o cable. [bui]
35. Boya de Mar: (Sea Buoy): La ltima o primera boya a la salida o entrada
respectivamente de un canal o recinto portuario, generalmente pintadas de blanco
con lneas verticales rojas. [si bui]
36. Bandas: (Bands): Marcas horizontales pintadas sobre las boyas (buoys),
faros (light houses) u otras ayudas a la navegacin (aids to navigation) las
cuales ayudan a su identificacin. [bands]
37. Lneas: (Stripes): Marcas verticales o diagonales pintadas sobre las boyas
(buoys), faros (light houses ) u otras ayudas a la navegacin (aids to navigation)
las cuales ayudan a su identificacin. [straips]
41. Marea Vaciante: (Ebb Tide): Movimiento de las aguas en direccin fuera
de las costas o ro abajo despus de pleamar. [eb taid]
43. Mar de Travs: (Beam Sea): Corriente de mar ortogonal al curso del
buque. [biim si]
44. Viga: (Look Out): Persona designada a vigilar visualmente las reas
alrededor del buque durante su marcha. Ver Colregs regla 5. [luk aut]
45. Echazn: (Jetsam): Accin de arrojar al agua carga u otros objetos pesados
de un buque con el propsito de aligerarlo. Esta accin es decidida por una junta
de oficiales la cual es precedida por el capitn del buque y hacindola constar en
el cuaderno de bitcora (logbook). [llet-sam]
46. Lnea de Fe: (Lubbers Line): Lnea en el comps que indica el rumbo
(heading) del buque. (lobers lain)
56. Luces de Enfilacin: (Range Lights): Luces en una bordada (reach), las
cuales si se mantienen una sobre la otra se estar haciendo efectiva una derrota
especfica. [reinll laits]
58. Canal: (Fair Way, Channel): Aguas navegables ya sea por un ro o por el
mar marcadas por boyas las cuales indican los lmites de seguridad de la misma.
[fer uei, chanel]
60. Cable: (Cable): Medida de longitud igual a 100 brazas (fathoms) 600
pies (feet) lo que es aproximadamente una dcima de milla = 185 metros.
[keibul]
61. Lnea Costera: (Coast Line): Aquella lnea donde el mar (sea) se une con
la costa. [cost lain]
65. Abatimiento: (Fall Off): Desviacin que sufre el buque por efecto del
viento o la corriente. [fall of]
Figura 100. 1-Sextant, 2-Officer of the Watch (OOW), 3-Modern Bridge, 4-Old
Bridge, 5-Helm/Wheel, 6-Electronic Chart, 7-ARPA & Electronic Chart Display.
66. Encallado: (Aground): Estar atascado el buque en el fondo del mar (sea),
ro (river) o lago (lake). [agraund]
68. Arrecife, Escollo: (Reef): Banco o bajo formado en el mar por rocas o
peasco casi a flor de agua. [riif]
69. Marea: (Tide): Ascenso y descenso de la altura del mar producida por la
accin gravitacional de la Luna (Moon) y el Sol (Sun ). [taid]
74. Hora Zona: (Zone Time): La Tierra cuya medida angular es de 360 est
dividida en 24 zonas horarias las cuales abarcan 15 de longitud y dentro del cual
la hora es la misma (360long /24 = 15long = 1 hora, 1long = 4 de tiempo).
[zoun taim]
75. Venus: (Venus): Cuerpo celeste ms brillante en el cielo despus del sol y
la luna, visto poco antes del orto (sunrise) y poco despus del ocaso (sunset) para
observaciones. [vin-os]
77. Marte: (Mars): Cuarto planeta en el sistema solar usado para observaciones
astronmicas. [mars]
Figura 101. Para recordar los lights characteristics del sistema cardinal haga
referencia a un reloj analogo, N + de 12 destellos, E 0300, S 0600 +1 largo y W
0900.
82. Altura del Ojo: (Height of Eye): Altura sobre el nivel del mar desde donde
se toma la observacin incluyendo la altura del observador. [jait of ai]
88. Orto: (Sunrise): El paso por el horizonte visible del limbo superior del sol
al amanecer. [son rais]
89. Ocaso: (Sunset): El paso por el horizonte visible del limbo superior del sol
al anochecer. [son set]
90. Solsticio: (Solstice): Uno de los dos puntos durante el ao en que el Sol
tiene su mxima declinacin. Los puntos son alrededor del 21 de junio, solsticio
de verano (summer solstice) y el 22 de diciembre, solsticio de invierno (winter
solstice). Donde el solsticio de verano es el da ms largo del ao y el solsticio de
invierno el ms corto. [soltiis]
91. Equinoccio: (Equinox): Uno de los dos puntos durante el ao en que el Sol
tiene declinacin 0, es decir cuando la eclptica intercepta al ecuador celeste.
Los puntos son alrededor del 21 de marzo y el 23 de septiembre. El primero
ocurre cuando cambia su declinacin de sur a norte, la cual es llamado equinoccio
de verano, equinoccio de marzo o primer punto de Aries (vernal equinox,
March equinox or first point of Aries). El segundo ocurre cuando cambia su
declinacin de norte a sur, la cual es llamado equinoccio de otoo, equinoccio de
septiembre o primer punto de Libra (autumn equinox, september equinox or
first point of Libra). Son durante estos dos das en que la duracin del da y la
noche son casi iguales. [ikuinox]
94. Cartas Digitales: (Digital Charts): Son cartas electrnicas que se muestran
en el monitor de la PC. Hay dos formatos, la Raster y la Vector. La Raster es
una figura digitalizada (escaneada) de una carta de papel donde todos los datos se
encuentran en un solo archivo y no pueden ser modificadas. La Vector esta
organizada en un sin nmeros de archivos separados, dado a esto, la posibilidad
de hacer cambios en la presentacin segn la necesidad del navegante o usuario.
Son ms pequeas y verstiles que la Raster y es el formato reconocido por la
IMO/IHO. (dillital charts)
99. Escala: (Scale): Proporcin entre la distancia medida sobre una carta y la
longitud correspondiente sobre el terreno. Pueden ser grfica (lnea dividida en
segmentos) o numrica (fraccin o correspondencia entre unidades). Ejemplo: 1:
90,000 u 1/90,000 significa que una unidad (metros, pies, etc.) en la carta
representa 90,000 unidades sobre la superficie de la Tierra. [skeil]
Figura 105. Figura 2-4 dentro del catlogo, Isthmus of Panama Area.
CAPTULO
15
TIEMPO
WEATHER
S
i la presin arterial en un individuo
aumenta o disminuye es signo de que
algo fuera de lo normal est ocurriendo.
Lo cual en, ambos casos, no es algo de tomar a
la ligera; sin embargo, en alta mar un aumento
de la presin atmosfrica es un fiel indicativo
que, aunque sea domingo, da de descanso a
bordo, el chief mate ordenar que se
trabaje en cubierta; pero, por lo
contrario, es decir si disminuye la
presin atmosfrica, veremos a los
novatos mareados y sin ganas de tomar
alimentos.
142 La suma de los momentos transversales dividida entre el desplazamiento total nos dara el KG final.
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TIEMPO
(Weather)
5. Frente Ocluido: (Occluded Front): Zona de unin entre los frentes fros y
clidos. Puede esperarse que haya algn tipo de precipitacin atmosfrica dentro
de esta zona. [ocluded fronts]
Transmisiones Meteorolgicas
Tx Tx Tx Tx
REGIN FRECUENCIAS
0000 0600 1200 1800
BOSTON (NMF)
N
6340.5
ATLANTIC 0325 T 0925 T 1525 T 2125 T
9110
EAST 12750
0402 R 1002 R 1723 R 2202 R
PARTE 1
N
ATLANTIC 0338 T 0938 T 1538 T 2138 T
WEST 0415 R 1015 R 1736 R 2215 R
PARTE 2
NEW ORLEANS (NMG)
4317.9
TROPICAL
8503.9 0600 1200 1800 0000
CARIBE
12789.9
CASEY (VLM)
7470 (S)
ANTARTICA 0430 1030 1630 2230
11455 (W)
CAMSPAC POINT REYES (SAN FRANSISCO) NMC
4346
8682
N PACIFIC 0320 T 0919 T 1520 T 2119 T
12730
EAST 17151.2
0345 R 0955 R 1545 R 2145 R
22527
N PACIFIC 0333 T 0932 T 1533 T 2132 T
WEST 0358 R 1008 R 1558 R 2207 R
KODIAK (NOJ)
518
ALASKA 2670 nil nil nil 2204
6501 (601)
DARWIN (AXI)
5755 (09-23)
7535(09-23)
10555 H24
AUSTRALIA 0245 0848 1430 2015
15615 (23-09)
18060 (23-09)
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12. Horas Sinpticas: (Main, Standard Synoptic Times): Horas 0000, 0600,
1200 y 1800 UTC o GMT, durante las cuales son recopiladas informaciones para
la preparacin de los avisos meteorolgicos. [mein, standar sinoptic taims]
13. Lneas Isobricas: (Isobars Lines): Lneas imaginarias marcadas sobre las
cartas meteorolgicas uniendo puntos de igual presin atmosfrica. La direccin
del viento es paralela a estas lneas. [aisobars lain]
14. Direccin del Viento: (Wind Direction): Se da por donde viene. Ejemplo:
Si el buque va hacia el norte (north) y el barlovento es por el travs de estribor la
direccin del viento es este (east). [uind dairekchion]
16. Mar de Travs: (Beam Sea): Corriente de mar ortogonal al curso del
buque. [biim si]
17. Ola: (Sea, Wave): Oscilacin ortogonal sobre la superficie del agua
producidas localmente. [si, ueiv]
146 La suma de los momentos transversales dividida entre el desplazamiento total nos dara el KG final.
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24. Truenos: (Thunders): Sonido que acompaa a los rayos producidos por la
ionizacin del aire por estos mismos; la cual resulta en una rpida expansin del
aire a lo largo de su trayectoria y la transmisin de una onda compresiva. Pueden
ser escuchados normalmente a no ms de 15 millas. Donde el lapso de tiempo
entre el rayo y ste es indicativo para medir la distancia, la cual puede ser
determinada aproximadamente en millas nuticas dividiendo el intervalo de
tiempo entre 5.5. [tonders]
La suma de los momentos transversales dividida entre el desplazamiento total nos dara el KG final.
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30. Arco Iris: (Rain Bow): Banda de colores concntricos vistos cuando el sol
brilla a travs de la lluvia, llovizna, spray, etc. Es producido por la refraccin,
reflexin y difraccin interna de los rayos solares al atravesar las gotas de agua.
Cuando son producidos por la luz lunar son llamados moonbow. [rein bao]
31. Corona: (Corona): Resplandor alrededor del sol y la luna cuando son
vistos a travs de nubes altos tratos. [korona]
33. Viento Favorable: (Fair Wind): Aqul que viene por la popa. [feir win]
34. Marea Favorable: (Fair Tide): Aquella que viene por la popa. [feir taid]
37. Alto: (Alto): Prefijo para las nubes de niveles de elevacin media. (2-8
km). [alto]
38. Cirros: (Cirrus): Prefijo para las nubes de niveles de elevacin alta. (3-18
km). [ciros]
Figura 110. Weather fax surface analysis and index of map areas.
La suma de los momentos transversales dividida entre el desplazamiento total nos dara el KG final.
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La suma de los momentos transversales dividida entre el desplazamiento total nos dara el KG final.
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CAPTULO
16
LUC ES
(LIGHTS)
1. F F Fija
6. Fl Fl Destello simple
LUCES
(Lights)
1. Luz Fija: (Fix Light): Luz continua sin intervalos de oscuridad. (F). [fix
lait]
7. Sector: (Sector): Arco del horizonte a travs del cual una luz es diseada
para mostrar un color particular o no ser visible del todo. [sector]
9. Resplandor: (Loom): El resplandor de una luz que est por debajo del
horizonte. [luum]
Figura 114. Luces de sectores con colores diferentes para indicar reas
especificas, tales como fondeaderos especiales.
CAPTULO
17
COLREGS 72
REGLAS DEL CAMINO: (RULES
OF THE ROAD)
COLREGS 72
Reglas Del Camino: (Rules Of The Road)
3. Buque: (Vessel): Toda clase de embarcacin que pueda ser usada como
medio de transporte sobre el agua. [ves-el]
5. Buque de Vela: (Sailing Vessel): Todo buque navegando a vela (by sails)
siempre que su mquina propulsora caso de llevarla no se este usando. [seilin ves-
el]
8. Buque Sin Gobierno: (Vessel Not Under Command): Todo buque que es
incapaz de maniobrar en la forma exigida por este reglamento. [ves-el not onder
comand]
Figura 117. Esquemas de separacin de trfico. Ver Bowditch Ed. 1995, pag. 390
artculo 2704.
24. Buque Que Alcanza: (Overtaking Vessel): Dicese de otro buque que
maniobra para rebasar a otro buque. Ver regla 13. [over-teikin ves-el]
28. Buque Que Sigue a Rumbo: (Stand On Vessel): Buque con el derecho de
mantener su rumbo y velocidad original ante otro buque en una situacin de
colisin. Ver regla 17. [stand on ves-el]
29. Luces del Buque: (Ship Lights): Aquellas ubicadas en lugares estratgicos
del buque que sirven para su identificacin en cuanto a tamao, tipo de propulsin
y orientacin durante la noche o perodos de visibilidad restringida. [chip laits]
30. Seales del Buque: (Day Shape Signals): Seales usadas durante el da
ubicadas en un lugar visible a los dems buques en el rea de operacin con el
propsito de indicar una situacin especial. [dei cheip signals]
31. Luz de Tope: (Mast Head Light): Luz blanca sin interrupcin sobre un
arco de horizonte de 225 y fijada desde proa a 22.5 a popa de cada travs. [mast
jed lait]
33. Luz de Alcance: (Stern Light): Luz blanca a popa sin interrupcin sobre
un arco de horizonte de 135 y fijada de tal forma que sea visible a partir de popa
a 67.5 hacia los costados. (steern lait)
35. Luz Todo Horizonte: (Allround Light): Luz que es visible sin
interrupcin sobre un arco de horizonte de 360. [al-raund lait]
36. Luz Centellante: (Flashing Light): Luz que produce centelleos o destellos
a intervalos regulares y con una frecuencia de 120 ms destellos por minuto.
[flachin lait]
Figura 122 b. Night View: Head on, overtaking and crossing situations.
Notas
CAPTULO
18
RA DAR
(RADAR)
RADAR
(Radar)
2. Antena: (Scanner): Unidad del sistema de radar que consiste en una antena
y un dispositivo para moverla. Si no gira posiblemente se han gastado los carbon
brushes. [scaner]
9. Ecos: (Echoes): Seales de radar reflejadas hacia la antena por los objetos
dentro del alcance del sistema. [ecos]
10. Objetivo: (Contac, Target): Eco detectado por el radar no evaluado como
una perturbacin (clutter). [contak, target]
11. Perturbaciones: (Clutters): Ecos falsos reflejado por fuertes lluvias, nieve,
olas, etc., las cuales pueden bloquear reas relativamente grandes de la pantalla.
[clot-ers]
Figura 125. Video descentrado con anillos fijos de alcance, VRM, EBL y Trails.
Figura 125-b. Video descentrado, norte hacia arriba, VRM, racon y carta electronica.
13. Racons: (Racons): Llamado as al los objetivos (targets) las cuales emiten
una seal cuando son alcanzados por las ondas del radar, apareciendo en la PPI en
clave Morse. Trabajan en ambas bandas: la banda 3-cm (X- SART receiver) y la
banda 10-cm (S-non receiver). Su efectividad queda reducida ms por el rain
clutter control que por el sea clutter control. [reicons]
22. Lnea de Rumbo: (Heading Flash, Heading Marker): Es una lnea radial
iluminada en la PPI del radar la cual indica el rumbo del buque propio. [jedin
flach, jedin marker]
Figura 126. North up display & VRM. Course up display, VRM x2, EBL, HM, cursor & targets.
Figura 127. Escala de 12 millas con video descentrado, EBL, derrota, recalada y buques fondeados.
Figura 127-b. Escala de 3 millas, HM, VRM y carta electronica con waypoints.
27. Video Descentrado: (Off Center Display): Una vez encendido el radar o el
ARPA, el punto representante del buque propio se encuentra en el centro de la
pantalla, no obstante, se le puede cambiar su ubicacin segn estilo de trabajo. [of
center displei]
32. Sector Ciego: (Blinde Sector): Parte de la pantalla donde los ecos no
pueden ser detectados debido a obstrucciones cerca de la antena (scanner). [blain
sector]
CAPTULO
19
MQUINAS
(ENGINES)
C
ada uno de los rganos del cuerpo
humano trabaja ya sea
independientemente uno del otro o en
conjunto con otros. Pero la pregunta es
Cul es el ms importante?: el corazn, los
pulmones, el hgado, el cerebro. Bueno creo
que si me faltara uno de estos u otros las
cuales no he mencionado no podra
considerarme estar funcionando
apropiadamente. En un buque tenemos el
equipo de fondeo, el de amarre, el de
navegacin, el de carga, y muchos otros ms
que a lo largo de sus estudios conocer, pero
uno de gran importancia a igual que los
dems es el elemento propulsor del buque.
MQUINAS
(ENGINES)
2. Libro de Campana: (Bell Book): Libro en donde son anotadas todas las
rdenes recibidas para la mquina: hora en que se realiza el RSE, RFA, FWE,
C.C.S.O. (commenced critical shipboard operations), el engine test, embarque y
desembarque del prctico, hora en que asisti y dejo de asistir el remolcador (es),
hora de first line ashore, single up, cast off, etc. [bel buk]
7. RFA, FSA: (Ring Full Away, Full Speed Away): Estado de la mquina
estando en navegacin de altura, inicia en el instante en que se ejecuta el fin del
perodo de maniobras, anotndose en el libro de campana (bell book) a una hora
divisible entre seis (Evergreen). [rin ful auei]
9. Hlice de Paso Fijo: (Fixed Pitch Propeller): Aquella que no puede variar
o cambiar el ngulo de ataque de sus aspas, siendo la ms comn entre los buques
mercantes. Generalmente de tipo dextrgira. [fix pitch propeler]
10. Hlice de Paso Variable: (Variable Pitch Propeller): Tipo de propela que
para variar la velocidad y la marcha avante o hacia atrs varia o cambia el ngulo
de ataque de sus aspas. El clutch in se realiza con rpm y pitch en cero. [veriebol
pitch propeler]
13. Hlice Lateral de Proa: (Bow Thruster): Propela(s) en la parte de proa del
buque usada para maniobrar en espacios reducidos, poder atracar y desatracar con
mayor facilidad y la(s) ubicada en popa stern thruster. [bao troster]
15. Hlice Dextrgira: (Right Handed Propeller): Dcese de las hlices de los
buques que al ir avante giran a la derecha con la tendencia de la proa de caer a
babor (port). Es la ms comn en los buques mercantes. [rait janded propeler]
16. Hlice Levgira: (Left Handed Propeller): Dcese de las hlices de los
buques que al ir avante giran a la izquierda con la tendencia de la proa de caer a
estribor (starboard). [left janded propeler]
22. Caldera Auxiliar: (Auxiliary Boiler): Maquinaria que genera vapor por
medio de una especie de lanzallamas pequeo, la cual hace hervir toneladas de
agua que estn a su alrededor. Esta caldera cuya lanzallamas se llama quemador
trabaja con diesel y se le usa en puerto para mantener las temperaturas de fuel oil,
aceite, agua, etc. [auxiliari boiler]
24. Caldera de Recuperacin: (Water Heat Boiler): El agua que hace hervir
todas las calderas est en un gran compartimiento como una olla de presin, pero
dividido en el interior como un panal de abejas. Cada divisin es como un tubo
que se enrosca como un tallarn. Por el interior va el vapor y ste sale a las
caerias de calentamiento. Estas calderas slo se encuentran en buque tanques,
quimiqueros, de guerra y atmicos. [uater jiit boiler]
38. Tubera de Admisin: (Inlet Pipe): Es por donde entra un fluido a una
bomba o a una mquina. [inlet paip]
39. Tubera de Aire de Baja Presin: (Low Pressure Air Line): El aire en
esta lnea tiene un mximo de 8 Kg/cm. Se usa en el taller o en cubierta. [lou
prechor er lain]
44. Eje de Cola: (Tail End Shaft): Es el pequeo pedazo de eje propulsor que
se une con la propela y est en el agua. [teil end chaft]
45. Tnel del Eje: (Shaft Tunnel, Trunk): En algunos buques el eje propulsor
despus de salir de la mquina principal debe pasar por debajo de la bodega o
bodegas. Este espacio es de varios metros de largo (5 a 60 m) el cual
generalmente termina en el servo motor. Este tnel es la salida de emergencia en
caso de incendio (fire) en mquinas a menos que el incendio sea dentro de el
mismo. [chaft tonel, tronk]
47. Eje Propulsor: (Propelling Shaft): Es el que se une al eje principal por
fuera de la mquina principal (main engine) y termina en la propela. [propelin
chaft]
52. Refrescador, Enfriador de Aire: (Air Cooler): El aire se enfra para que
la mquina tenga la mayor cantidad de oxgeno posible. Sino el tringulo de
fuego no servira y por consiguiente la mquina se detiene. [er kuuler]
54. Presin: (Pressure): Cantidad de fuerza (force) que se ejerce por unida de
rea (P =F/A), puede ser Kg/cm, Lb/inch, Bar Nw/cm, etc. [prechor]
ENGLISH ESPAOL
Notas
CAPTULO
20
Global Maritime
Distress &
Safety System
The greatest known depth is 11,552.4 m in the Mariana Trench in the Pacific Ocean. (11N-137E)
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1.2 Claro que esto afect al convenio SOLAS de 1994 con la enmienda
adoptada en 1988 concerniente a radio comunicaciones, la cual entro en efecto el
1 de febrero de 1992 e implementada al 100 por ciento el 1 de febrero de 1999. O
sea que despus de esa fecha, todas las embarcaciones (equipo) y sus tripulantes
(licencias) estn obligados a cumplir con los requisitos exigidos en los convenios,
SOLAS y STCW relacionados a sistema GMDSS.
1.6 Debido a que los subsistemas de radio comunicacin dentro del GMDSS
tienen limitaciones individuales con respecto a cobertura geogrfica y servicios
prestados, el equipo requerido a bordo esta regido por el rea de operacin del
buque (ships operation area), las cuales son 4 (ver grfico).
1. VTIS Singapore
2. VTIS Singapore
3. VTIS Singapore
4. VTIS Singapore
5. VTIS Singapore
6. VTIS Singapore
7. VTIS Singapore
The greatest known depth is 11,552.4 m in the Mariana Trench in the Pacific Ocean. (11N-137E)
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Alertar: (Alert):
2.5 El relay que hace el RCC a las embarcaciones cercanas al ship in distress
puede ser por va satlite o terrestre y usando las frecuencias apropiadas. Si el
rea en cuestin es bastante grande el RCC realiza una llamada de rea (area
call) de tal forma de alertar solamente a los ships cercanos al ship in distress.
Para los ships que se encuentran dentro del rea del ship in distress, una vez
recibido el relay, deben de establecer comunicacin con el RCC de tal forma de
coordinar la asistencia al ship in distress.
The greatest known depth is 11,552.4 m in the Mariana Trench in the Pacific Ocean. (11N-137E)
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2.6 En general estas son las comunicaciones realizadas por las embarcaciones
y aeronaves (ships and aircrafts) participando en el SAR operation, incluyendo
las comunicaciones entre el RCC y el On Scene Commander (OSC) o el
Coordinator Surface Search (CSS).
2.7 Para los SAR operations los mensajes son transmitidos en ambas
direcciones, a diferencia de los de socorro, los cuales slo son en una direccin.
Las comunicaciones pueden ser realizadas va satlite o terrestre y esto
dependiendo del rea y del equipo llevado a bordo, usando radiotelephony o
direct printing o ambas a la vez.
Localizacin: (Locating):
The greatest known depth is 11,552.4 m in the Mariana Trench in the Pacific Ocean. (11N-137E)
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The greatest known depth is 11,552.4 m in the Mariana Trench in the Pacific Ocean. (11N-137E)
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3.1.7 Usa el VHF para comunicacin de ship to shore, shore to ship y ship to
ship e incluyendo coordinacin de SAR y OSC. En este servicio no hay direct
printing.
The greatest known depth is 11,552.4 m in the Mariana Trench in the Pacific Ocean. (11N-137E)
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1. Space Segment
2. Coast Earth Station (CES)
3. Ship Earth Station (SES)
Space Segment:
3.2.3 Son las embarcaciones provistas de los equipos, tales como el Inmarsat A,
B o C, las cuales son capaces de two way communication.
The greatest known depth is 11,552.4 m in the Mariana Trench in the Pacific Ocean. (11N-137E)
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Inmarsat-A SES:
3.2.4 Consta de dos partes: el above deck equipment (ADE) y el below deck
equipment (BDE).
3.2.7 Las nuevas generaciones de Inmarsat-A SES son ms pequeas que sus
anteriores y pesan menos de 50 kg, hacindolos ideales para embarcaciones
pequeas como yates.
Inmarsat-B SES:
Inmarsat-C SES:
3.2.9 Son terminales pequeas y livianas diseadas para two way message
communications. A diferencia del Inmarsat-B no pueden ser utilizadas para
radiotelephone communication. Operan a 600 bits/s y proveen acceso a
international telex, telex network y electronic mail services. Estos terminales
son de bajo poder, con una antena omnidireccional y son una solucin prctica
para la instalacin en embarcaciones pequeas.
The greatest known depth is 11,552.4 m in the Mariana Trench in the Pacific Ocean. (11N-137E)
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3.2.11 El EGC receiver es un requisito del GMDSS para todas las embarcaciones
que navegan ms all del alcance del International NAVTEX.
SERVICIOS INMARSAT
Figura 144. L Band Satellite EPIRB (Inmarsat -E) mtodo alternativo del 406
MGz Satellite EPIRB (COSPAS-SARSAT).
The greatest known depth is 11,552.4 m in the Mariana Trench in the Pacific Ocean. (11N-137E)
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3.2.17 Son las comunicaciones entre el ship in distress y los assisting vessels y
entre los SAR vessels y el OSC o el CSS y usando el VHF o MF en las
frecuencias de distress & safety traffic. Sin embargo, los buques con SES
pueden, si es necesario, usar comunicacin va satlite como suplemento al VHF
y al MF.
3.2.19 El sistema Inmarsat provee a las embarcaciones del mismo tipo y calidad
de formas modernas de comunicacin que hay en tierra; tales como telefona,
tlex, faxes, Internet, chattear, etc, ya sea de carcter operacional del buque o
personal. (claro que yes, cuesta un ojo en la cara).
3.2.20 Esta baliza puede ser utilizada por embarcaciones en A1, A2 y A3 como
un mtodo alternativo al 406 MGz Satellite EPIRB. Puede ser activada manual o
automticamente al hundirse el buque. Una vez activada transmite la
identificacin del buque, su posicin y otras informaciones las cuales pueden ser
utilizadas durante la operacin de bsqueda y rescate (search and rescue
operation (SAR). Si no tienen un instrumento electrnico para actualizar su
posicin por lo menos tienen un 9 GHz SART integrado para la localizacin final.
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3.3.4 Toda embarcacin esta obligada a llevar un 406 MGz Satellite EPIRB a
menos que lleve como alternativa, si y slo si, opera dentro de A1, A2, o A3, el L
Band Satellite EPIRB la cual trabaja con el Inmarsat-E System.
a. Beacon
b. Satellites Near Polar Orbit
c. Land User Terminal (LUT): ground receiving station
d. Mission Control Center (MCC), ya sea a un RCC o a otro MCC o al
SAR Authority apropiado, de tal forma de iniciar actividades de SAR.
Figura 146. Concepto bsico del search and rescue radar transponder (SART).
212 The greatest known depth is 11,552.4 m in the Mariana Trench in the Pacific Ocean. (11N-137E)
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3.4.2 Hay una gran variedad de DSC Calls, siendo la mayora de distress, safety
related and comercial calls.
3.4.7 En el VHF solamente el Single Frequency Call por DSC es usado dado a
que slo hay una frecuencia (canal 70). Los VHF y MF/HF Distress Calls
pueden ser transmitidos simultneamente.
DSC Calls
3.4.8 Transmitida por el ship in distress y recibida por todas las embarcaciones
y estaciones costeras que tengan el equipo y estn dentro del alcance de la
frecuencia utilizada.
214 The greatest known depth is 11,552.4 m in the Mariana Trench in the Pacific Ocean. (11N-137E)
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3.4.10 Por el coast station con el propsito de alertar ships dentro del rea. Ser
enviada a todos los ships, a un grupo selecto de ships o a un ship especfico.
3.4.11 Por un ship station a un coast station apropiado si esta no responde en tres
minutos a la llamada inicial del ship in distress en la frecuencia HF. El distress
relay puede ser single frequency o multi frequency.
3.4.13 Un coast station que recibe el DSC Distress Call en MF/HF debe de
enviar un distress acknowlagedment despus de un minuto de recibir el distress
call, normalmente con un atraso de no ms de 2.75 minutos. En el VHF, el
distress acknowlagedment, debe ser transmitido tan pronto sea prctico.
3.4.14 La transmisin del distress call por el VHF DSC del ship in distress
puede ser enviada normalmente con slo apretar el distress button en el panel de
control de la unidad. La unidad de control tiene funciones para incluir
informaciones adicionales concernientes a la situacin que acontece. Una vez
iniciado el distress call ser automticamente repetido varias veces a intervalos de
4 minutos hasta ser contestado o interrumpido manualmente.
216 The greatest known depth is 11,552.4 m in the Mariana Trench in the Pacific Ocean. (11N-137E)
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3.6.6 Son los CES los que transmiten los Safety Net Messages a los Ocean
Regions apropiados y de acuerdo a su grado de prioridad; distress, urgency,
safety o routine.
NOMBRE FONETICA
1. 406 MGz Satellite EPIRB For jondred six migajers sarelait iperb
2. 9 GHz SAR Radar Transponder Nain guigajers sar reidar transponder
3. 9 GHz SART Nain guigajers sart
4. above deck equipment Abov dek ikuipment
5. acknowledgement Aknoledllment
6. acknowledge Aknoledll
7. ADE Ei-di-i
8. airborne Erborn
9. Alert Alert
10. All Ship Call ol chip kol
11. area call Eria kol
12. area code Eria koud
13. assisting vessels Asistin vessol
14. Atlantic Ocean Region-East Atlantik ouchean rillon-ist
15. Atlantic Ocean Region-West Atlantik ouchean rillon-uest
16. BDE Bi-di-i
17. Beacons Bikons
18. Beacon Bikon
19. below deck equipment Bilou dek ikuipment
20. Bridge to bridge Communication Bridll tu bridll komiuni-keichion
21. call Kols
22. CES Si-i-es
23. Coast Earth Station Koust ert steichion
24. coast station Koust steichion
Coordinated Geographical Areas
25. Koordi-neited lliografical Erias
(NAVAREAs)
26. Coordinator Surface Search Koordi-neitor sorfeis serch
27. COSPAS -SARSAT System Cospas-sarsat sistem
28. CSS Si-es-es
29. data Transmission Deita transmichion
30. Digital Selective Call Dillital selectiv kol
31. direct printing Dairek printin
32. direct printing service Dairek printin servis
33. Direct printing telegraphy Dairek printin telegrafi
218 The greatest known depth is 11,552.4 m in the Mariana Trench in the Pacific Ocean. (11N-137E)
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220 The greatest known depth is 11,552.4 m in the Mariana Trench in the Pacific Ocean. (11N-137E)
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222 The greatest known depth is 11,552.4 m in the Mariana Trench in the Pacific Ocean. (11N-137E)
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CAPTULO
21
HERRAMIENTAS
(Tools)
HERRAMIENTAS
(Tools)
NOMBRE FONETICA
1. 12 point and spud end wrench Tuelv point an spod end rench
2. 12 point double end wrench Tuelv point dobul end rench
3. 12 point double offset wrench Tuelv dobul offset rench
4. 12 point single end wrench Tuelv point end rench
5. 3 strand manila rope Tri strand manila roup
6. 3 strand nylon rope Tri strand nailon roup
3 strand polypropylene mono Tri stand polipropilein mono
7.
filament rope filament roup
8. 3 strand tiger rope Tri strand taiguer roup
9. 3 way pipe treader Tri uei paip treder
10. 6 point t type wrench Six point ti taip rench
8 strand Dan line super Eit strand dan lain super
11.
polypropylene rope polipropilein roup
8 strand polypropylene rope mono Eit strand polipropilein mono
12.
filament hawser filament jauser
13. Abrasive disc sanding paper Abrasive disk sandin peiper
14. Adjustable speed wrench Adllustebul spiid rench
15. adjustable wrench Adllustebul rench
16. Air or steam driven turbine fans Er or stiim draiven tur-biin fans
17. Air turbine ventilators Er tur-biin ventileitors
18. Allen hexagon wrench Alen jexsagon rench
Aluminum aloi trii-extenchion
19. Aluminum alloy 3-extension ladder
lader
20. Aluminum alloy extension ladders Aluminum aloi extenchion laders
21. Aluminum alloy folding ladders Aluminum aloi foldin laders
22. Aluminum alloy step ladders Aluminum aloi step laders
23. Aluminum alloy straight ladders Aluminum aloi streit laders
Aluminum handle offset pipe
24. Aluminum jandel ofset paip renche
wrench
25. Aluminum roller conveyor units Aluminum roler convellor llunits
26. Angle edge bolt cutter Angul edll bolt koter
27. Angle paint brushes Angul peint broches
28. Angle paint brushes Japanese style Angul peint broches llapanis estail
29. Angle radiator brushes Angul rei-diator broches
30. Arc welders Ark uelders
31. Assembly Swivel base Asembli suivel beis
32. Back saw Bak saa
203. Long nose & side cutting pliers Long nous an said kotin plallers
204. Long nose pliers Long nous plallers
205. Long nose straight pliers Long nous streit plallers
206. Machinist files Machinist fails
207. Malleable iron wire rope clips Maliebol airon ualler roup klips
208. Mandal fairlead shackles Mandal ferlid chakels
209. Marine universal joints Marine lluniversal lloints
210. Marline spikes Marlin spaiks
211. Measuring cups Mellorin cops
212. Measuring tapes Mellorin teips
213. Mesh box pallets Mech box palet
Metal carrying cases for drop head Metal kari-in keises for drop jed
214.
pipe & bolt threader paip an bolt treders
215. Metallic oilers Metalik oilers
216. Midget tubing cutter Midllet tiubin koter
217. Milling vises Milin vaises
218. Monkey wrench Monki rench
219. Motor wrench Motor rench
220. Nut Not
221. Offset hex wrenches Off-set jex renches
222. Oil container Jerry Cans Oil conteiner lleri kans
223. Oil fences Oil fenses
224. Oil funnels Oil fonels
225. Oil gauging tapes Oil geilling teips
226. Oil jacks Oil llaks
227. Oil jugs Oil llogs
228. Oil syringes Oil sirinllis
229. One-side calipers Uan said kalipers
230. Open & 12 point box wrenches Open an tuelv point box renches
231. Open side vises Open said vaises
232. Open type thimbles Open taip timbols
233. Outside calipers Aut said kalipers
234. Outside micrometer Auts aid maikromiter
235. Outside micrometers with counter Auts aid maikromiters uit kauter
Outside micrometers with Auts aid maikromiters uit
236.
interchangeable anvils intercheinllebol anvils
237. Oval sash Oval sach
238. Oxygen & acetylene regulator Oxillen an asetilein reguleitor
239. Packing hooks Pakin juks
240. Paint roller extension bars Peint roler extechion bars
241. Paint roller trays & buckets Peint roler treis an bokets
242. Paint rollers Peint rollers
243. Parts cabinet Parts cabinets
APNDICES
1. Abreviaturas 247
2. Equipo de Comunicacin GMDSS Requerido A Bordo 253
3. Equipo de Seguridad Requerido A Bordo 254
Vocabulario Bsico de Uso Diario
4. Espaol Ingls 257
5. English Spanish 271
6. English Accents & Spelling Differences 283
7. The World Principal Ship Classification Society 284
8. Codigo Internacional de Colores 284
9. Standing Orders 285
Check List
10. Navigation 286
11. Before Arrival 1st 286
12. Before Arrival 2nd 287
13. Alongside 287
14. Departure Stand By 288
General Steps To Follow
15. Sailing During Reduced Visibility 289
16. Sailing Within High Density Traffic Areas 289
17. Sailing In Heavy Weather Condition 290
18. Sailing In Confined Waters 291
19. Before & During Oil Transfering 291
20. Before & During Bunkering Operation 293
21. Before a Hot-Work Job 293
22. Before Entering An Enclosed Space 294
23. Before Working Outboard Or Aloft 294
24. Preventing Actions Against Terrorism, Pirates and Stowaways. 295
25. Before & During Helicopter Operation 296
26. Searching Areas For (Anti-Drug, Anti-Stowaway, Anti-Smuggling) 296
27. Checking Items For Deck Department Arrival / Departure 297
Capt. Fernando Rodrguez Wignall 245
APENDICE
ABREVIATURAS
a, assumed longitude. CES, Coast Earth Station.
A, search area. CFR, Code of Federal Regulations.
A/C, air craft. CH, compass heading.
ABE, above deck equipment. CIRM, Centro Internazionale Radio-
ABS, American Bureau of Shipping. Medico.
AC, alternating current. CMC, COSPAS mission control center
ACO, air craft coordinator. (Moscow).
ADNM, admiralty digital notices to CMG, course made good.
mariners. COA, course of advance.
ADT, admiralty distance table. COE, Corps of Engineers.
aL, assumed latitude. COG, course over the ground.
ALC, articulated loading column. COSPAS, Space System for Search of
ALC, automatic level control. Distress Vessels.
ALLFS, admiralty list of lights and fog CRS, Coast Radio Station.
signals. CRT, cathode-ray tube.
ALP, articulated loading platform. CS, creeping line search.
ALRS, admiralty list of radio signals. CSC, creeping line search coordinated.
am, ante meridian (before noon). CSC, International Convention for Safe
AMVER, Automated Mutual-assistance Containers,1972, as amended.
Vessel Rescue System. CSO, Company Security Officer.
ANM, admiralty Notice to Mariners. CSS, Coordinator surface search.
AOR, Atlantic Ocean Region. d, difference of longitude.
AP, assumed position. D, deviation.
APR, April. D. Lat., difference of latitude.
ARPA, Automatic Radar Plotting Aid. D.O., diesel oil.
ASD, admiralty sailing direction. dB, Decibels.
ATC, air traffic control. DC, direct current.
ATS, air traffic service. DEC, December.
ATSA, admiralty tidal stream atlases. Dec., declination.
ATT, admiralty tide tables. Dev., deviation.
AUG, August. DF, direction finding.
BBC, British Broad Coasting DG, dangerous goods.
Federation. DGPS, differential global positioning
BC Code, Code of Safe Practice for system.
Solid Bulk Cargoes. Dist., distance.
BDE, bellow deck equipment. DLo, difference of longitiude
Bn, Beacon. DMAHTC, Defense Mapping Agency
Brg, bearing. Hydrographic/Topographic Center.
BV, Bureau Veritas. DMB, datum marker buoy.
C/S, call sign. DMG, distress message generator.
CAR, Corrective Action Request. DOC, Document of Compliance.
CB, compass bearing. DP, Designated Person.
CC, compass course, chronometer DR, dead reckoning.
correction. DRE, dead reckoning equipment.
CDR, Corrected Deficiency Report. DRT, dead reckoning tracer.
CE, compass error; chronometer error. DSC, Digital Selective Call.
SCUBA, self contained under water TcHLW, tropic higher low water.
breathing apparatus. TcLHW, tropic lower high water.
SEP, September. TcLLW, tropic lower low water.
SES, ship earth station. TEU, Twenty equivalent unit.
SH, ship heading. teu, twenty foot equivalent unit.
SHA, sidereal hour angle. TH, true heading.
SINS, Ship Inertial Navigation System. THU, Thursday.
SITREP, situation report. TMG, track made good.
SMC, Safety Management Certificate. TPC, Tons per centimeters of
SMC, search and rescue mission immersion.
coordinator. TPI, Tons per inch of immersion.
SMCP, IMO Standard Marine TR, track.
Communication Phrases. TS, track line search.
SMG, speed made good. TSN, track line search non return.
SMM, Safety Management Manual. TSPP, Tanker safety pollution
SMS, Safety Management System. prevention.
SOA, speed of advance. TSS, Traffic Separation Schemes.
SoCPF, Statement of Compliance of a TUE, Tuesday.
Port Facility. TWIC, Transportation Worker
SOG, speed over the ground. Identification Credentials.
SOLAS, Safety of Life at Sea Tx, Transmitter, transmission.
(Convention). UHF, ultra high frequency.
SOLAS, Safety of Life at Sea. UKHO, United Kingdom Hydrographic
SOPEP, Safety Oil Pollution Office.
Emergency Plan. ULCC, Ultra Large Crude Carrier.
SQE, Safety Quality and UN No., United Nations Number.
Environmental Management System. UN/ECE, United Nation / Economic
SRR, search and rescue region. Commission for Europe.
SRS, search and rescue sub-region. UN/Number, Four Digit United Nation
SRU, search and rescue unit. Number.
SS, expanding square search. UNCLOS, The United Nation
SS, Steamship. Convention on The Law of The Sea.
SSA, ship security assessment. UNE, Urgent New Edition.
SSAS, Ship Security Alert System. UNEP, United Nation Environment
SSB, Single Side Band. Program.
SSO, Ship Security Officer. UNESCO/IOC, UN Educational,
SSP, Ship Security Plan. Scientific and Cultural Organization.
St M, status mile. US CFR, United States Code of Federal
STCW, Seafarers Training, Regulations.
Certification & Watch-Keeping USCG, United States Coast Guard.
Stn, Station. USNO, US Navy Observatory.
SU, search unit. UT, Universal Time.
SUN, Sunday. UTC, coordinated universal time.
T, search time available. V, SAR facility ground speed.
T, true course. Var., variation.
TACAN, Tactical Air Navigation. VCG, vertical center of gravity.
TAI, International Atomic Time. VDV, visual display unit.
TAS, true air speed. VFR, visual flight rule.
TB, true bearing. VHF, very high frequency.
TC, true course. VLCC, Very Large Crude Carrier.
TcHHW, tropic higher high water. VMC, visual meteorological conditions.
QUANTITIES EXPIRE
SAFETY EQUIPMENT LOCATION
DATE
SOLAS
1. LIFE BOAT
2. Food rations (1 per person) PER CREW EACH BOAT
3. Fresh water (in Liters) PER CREW EACH BOAT
4. Life boat 2 B-DECK
5. Orange smoke signals 2 EACH BOAT
6. Portable fire extinguisher 2 EACH BOAT
7. Red hand flares 6 EACH BOAT
8. Red rocket parachute signal 4 EACH BOAT
9. LIFE RAFT, LIFE BUOY, LIFE JACKET, ETC.
10. Immersion suit 6 A -DECK P
11. Life raft with embarkation ladder 3 F'CLE, -DK N.A.
12. Lifebuoy with 27.5m buoyant life-line 2 BRIDGE N.A.
13. Lifebuoy with light & smoke signal 2 BRIDGE
14. Lifebuoy with self-igniting light 4 ACCOMM. N.A.
15. Lifejackets with whistle (1 per person) PER CREW CABINS N.A.
16. Thermal protective aids 6 B -DECK
17. FIRE FIGHTING EQUIPMENT
18. Breathing apparatus with air -cylinder 3 BR, FS, UD
19. Breathing apparatus with life-line 3 BR, FS, UD
20. CO2 bottle CO2 Room
21. Fire axe 2 BR, FS, UD N.A.
22. Fire hose See fire con. pln N.A.
23. Fireman outfits 3 BR, FS, UD
24. International shore connector 2 Main Deck
25. Portable fire extinguishers See fire con. pln
26. Safety lamp 3 BR, FS, UD
27. Spare fresh air cylinder 6 BR, FS, UD
28. SIGNALS AND COMMUNICATION
29. Black ball shape 3 BRI. / F'CLE N.A.
30. Black cylinder shape 2 BRIDGE
31. Daylight signal lamp 1 BRIDGE N.A.
32. Fog bell 1 F'CLE N.A.
1
33. Fog gong POOP DECK N.A.
34. GMDSS Emergency transceiver 3 BRIDGE N.A.
35. Line throwing apparatus with cartridges 1 BRIDGE
36. Radar transponder SART 1 BRIDGE
37. Red rocket parachute signal 12 BRIDGE
38. Satellite EPIRB 1 BRIDGE
Captulo II; Construction-Fire Protection, Fire Detection and Fire Extintion, pag. 145.
Notas
Malla de metal: Steel wire net [Stiil ualler Materiales: Materials [matirials]
net] Materials reflectivos: Reflecting
Mandbula: Jaw [llaa] material [Reflectin matirials]
Manejo: Handling [jandlin] Mayo: May [Mei]
Manglar: Mangrove swamp [Man-grove Mecha, hustillo, rbol, eje:
suamp] Spindler [Spindler]
Maniobrabilidad: Maneuverability Medicamento: Medication [medi-
[maniuver-abiliti] keichion]
Mano: Hand [jand] Medio ambiente: Environment
Mantenga el curso: Stand on [Stand on] [invairon-ment]
Manual: Handbook [Jandbuk] Mencionado: Aforementioned
Manual: Manual [manual] [afor-men-chiond]
Manual: Manual [Man-ual] Mensaje: Messeage [mess-ich]
Maana al medio da: Tomorrow afternoon Mes: Month [mont]
[tumorou afternun] Mesa: Table [teibol]
Maana por la maana: Tomorrow Metal: Metal [metal]
morning [tumorou morning] Meteoro: Falling star [faal-in star]
Maana por la noche: Tomorrow night Mtodo: Method [metod]
[tumorou nait] Micrfono: Microphone [maicro-
Maana por la tarde: Tomorrow evening foun]
[tumorou ivnin] Microondas: Microwave [maicro-
Maana: Morning [mornin] ueiv]
Maana: Tomorrow [tumorou] Mircoles: Wednesday [uensdei]
Mquina de escribir: Typewriter [taip Minio de plomo: Red lead [red liid]
raiter] Miniutisado: Comminuted [kom-
Mquina de fax: Faxmachine [fax-machin] minuted]
Mar hondo: Hollow sea [Jalou si] Moler, triturar: Ground [graund]
Mar territorial: Territorial water Moler: Grinding [graindin]
[Territotial uater] Monta carga: Fork lift [fork lift]
Mar: Sea [sii] Montaa: Mountain [mauntin]
Marca de tope: Top mark [Topmark] Morir: Die [dai]
Marca: Mark [Mark] Moverse sigilosamente: Creeping
Marcador, Piloto: Marker [marker] [criip-in]
Marejada de proa: Head sea [Jed si] Muelle: Pier [pier]
Marina Mercante: Merchant Marine Muelle: Quay [kuei]
[Merchant marin] Muelle: Warf [Uarf]
Marina: Marina [Marina] Muerte: Death [det]
Marinero de agua dulce: Landlubber Mltiple, colector: Manifold [Man-
[Lanlober] ifold]
Marinero experimentado: Sea dog [Si Mundial: Worldwide [uorld-uaid]
dog] Mueca: Wrist [rist]
Martes: Tuesday [tiusdei] Muro, pared: Wall [Ual]
Martillo para el grillete: Shackle hammer Muslo frontal: Front of leg [front of
[chakel jamer] leg]
Martillo para la clavija: Pin hammer [pin Muslo inferior: Lower thigh [Louer
jamer] tai]
Marzo: March [march] Muslo medio: Middle thigh [Midel
Ms seguro: Safer [sller] tai]
Maso para el grillete: Shackle punch Muslo superior: Upper thigh [Oper
[Chakel ponch] tai]
Matar: Kill [kil] Nalga : Ass [aas]
Nota
ENGLISH SPANISH
272 Al cambiar una lmina de acero el corte de las esquinas debe ser radial.
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274 Al cambiar una lmina de acero el corte de las esquinas debe ser radial.
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276 Al cambiar una lmina de acero el corte de las esquinas debe ser radial.
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278 Al cambiar una lmina de acero el corte de las esquinas debe ser radial.
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280 Al cambiar una lmina de acero el corte de las esquinas debe ser radial.
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282 Al cambiar una lmina de acero el corte de las esquinas debe ser radial.
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ENGLISH ACCENTS
SPELLING DIFFERENCES
U.S. English U.K. English
1. Center Centre
2. Draft Draught
3. Flash light Tourch
4. Color Colour
5. Meter Metre
6. Harbor Harbour
7. Labor Labour
STANDING ORDERS
1. The Officer on watch is not to leave the bridge at sea without being properly
relieved by another Officer or the Captain.
2. When the Officer relieve the watch at sea, He must carefully note the ships
position on the chart, the course to be steered, and distance to run before
landfalling.
3. Bearings and sights are to be taken when practicable, have the ships
position being check and noted in the logbook from time to time.
4. See frequently that a proper course is given and steered.
5. No course to be altered without my order, except to keep out of the way of
other vessels, and should call me immediately if the course is altered in case of
emergencies or dangers.
6. Take azimuths at least once a watch during clear weather; let me know if
there is any great alteration in compass error. Take azimuths as soon as possible
whenever the course is altered.
7. Always keep a sharp look out at all times.
8. The regulation lights are to be strictly attended.
9. The quartermaster is to report them to the Officer of the watch every hour.
10. Always note that Not Under Command signal is kept handy.
11. In thick or haze weather stand by the engines or reduce ships speed, attend
to the regulation sound signals, and call me at once.
12. Give meeting or crossing vessels and fishing boats plenty of space. Act
early and positively to show other vessels what you are doing. Shove her off and
call me if you found the ship is running too close inshore.
13. Call me at once if you are in any doubt or in the event of making shore light
or the land unexpectedly.
14. In case of bad weather the Officer relieved must personally make a Go-All-
Round inspection.
15. The Officers will please read and sign the bridge order book before relieving
the watch.
16. Any doubt, do not hesitate in calling the Master.
Chief Officer
Third Officer
CHECK LIST
Based on the job to be done by a third mate on board a container ship on a west bound
voyage around the world.
NAVIGATION
1. Show up 10 minutes before, at nighttime it will take you about 3 minutes to gain
good sight.
2. Check the ship's position and course on chart, ETA to next waypoint and nearby
land.
3. Check the wind direction and force.
4. Traffic condition, visually and by radar.
5. Exercise rules five of Colregs 72 at all times.
6. Plan a future action observing the Colregs rules and good seamanship.
7. Receive weather charts, check Navtex, Inm-A & C coming in information.
8. Sailing lights on/off as well as the Second deck stern lights and upper deck lights
with crossing traffic.
9. Any telephone call, call Master at once.
10. Change charts as the time arise for it.
11. During strong wind overtake over the leeway side, if made over the Windward side
give a wider berth.
12. Practice guessing the distance of observing ships and their CPA, check with the
radar.
13. Read the standing orders.
14. Read and sign the night order book.
15. Keep VHF radio watch on channel 16 at all times.
16. After establishing communication change to another channel e.g. 06, 68, 69, 77, and
reduce power output if is ok.
17. Call next duty 15 minutes before, give as much information as possible to the
relieving officer.
18. Any doubt, do not hesitate in calling the Master.
11. Arrival condition forms ready (fuel and oil conditions at the elevator).
12. Are the safety equipment stowed in a safe place, in order to avoid being stolen.?
13. Are the lifeboats closed? (CMB, ZUS, KSN, CCT, PCC).
14. Read the remarks on the charts (when to call the Master, one hour notice to
engineers, reduce speed, call pilot station, RSE. etc.
ALONGSIDE
1. Turned off bridge equipments.
2. Change H, B flags and at night time the red light.
3. Lock outside doors, windows, and bridge doors.
4. On whiteboard jot down the ETD (one hour before sailing time).
5. Make three copies of loading and discharging plans.
6. Keep the ship upright either auto or manual.
7. Remark (Highlight) position of reefers to be loaded on loading plans copies.
8. Keying cargo and check for accuracy.
9. Follow the stability condition print out, and any additional instruction given by c/o.
10. Receive any parcels.
11. Receive any document: Certificates, Port clearance, Traveling papers, DG manifests,
Reefers manifests (check the totals).
12. Go out and check cargo operation at appropriate time.
13. Visitors no more than 10 minute.
DEPARTURE STAND BY
1. Notice engineer one hour before sailing.
2. Stand by the bridge, follow Bell book checklist (30 b4).
3. Make sure visitors are gone, check for stowaways. Make sure every body is on board
and receive their shorepasses.
4. Call c/o one hour before cargo operation is over.
5. Have departure report and port log and stability report ready for Agent.
6. Prepare Telex Departure Form, Arrival/Departure conditions copies and Stability
Report for Master.
7. Crews to be noticed 20 minutes before sailing.
8. Test engine but first make sure the cranes are up and the accommodation ladder is up.
9. Ask Master for the stand by time.
10. Departure draft, meters x 3.28 = feet x 1.025 = fresh water draft.
11. Test engine, Transfer control to bridge, rse, Transfer control to wing repeater.
12. Broadcast fore and aft to stand by, as soon as pilot comes on board.
13. As the tugboats left switch off the GS Pump.
14. Master shall let you know RFA time, notice the engineers.
15. After Suez, turbo charger work will make the ships speed be at the minimum.
12. Plot the ships position at proper intervals and remember radar ranges are better than
bearings.
13. Consider the presence of background light.
14. Report to traffic control if it is required.
15. Monitor local and coast warning broadcasts by the VHF and Navtex.
16. Remember to log this operation on the deck and engine logbooks.
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7. Vessel has fixed oil spill containment (rose boxes) around each hose connection and
tank vent.
8. Required No. of crew to be on duty during oil transferring operation.
9. The duties with tittle of each person on duty are as following:
10. Confirm to United States 33 CFR 156.120:
11. The crewman, in charge of tending vessels mooring ropes, shall check that they are
strong enough to hold during all expected conditions of surge, current and weather and
are long enough to allow adjustment for changes in draft and tide during the oil
transferring operation, is:
12. Duty officer:
13. Procedure for emergency shut down / communications:
When anything goes wrong, use the hand radios or hand signals to immediately
advise the barge man to shut down the oil pump.
14. Procedure for topping off tanks of normal filling:
If two tanks are been filled at the same time, and is time for topping off proceed as
follows: As the level within the first tank reaches 85% of full capacity, the alarm
will sound, then you shall open the valve of the next tank for filling and closed the
valve of the first one. When all tanks are 90% full (90% recommended) all
pumping should be stopped.
15. Chief Engineer shall check that all valves are completely closed after the oil
transferring is completed.
16. If oil spills into the water, it must be immediately reported to:
Port Authority.
17. U.S. Coast Guard: VHF CH.16 or Tel. 1-800-424-8802
Agent.
Note:
Upon reviewing the above procedures, the Port Authority or U.S. Coast Guard may
require changes or additions. Any required changes will be immediately made, and any
required additions will be attached to the end of these procedures.
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7. If necessary adjust the ships speed and / or course if the job is being done due to an
emergency, other wise these jobs shall only be done while the ship is berthed or at
anchor.
8. The crew working outboard shall use lifejacket.
9. Maintain communication with mate on watch.
10. Do not switch on the ARPA.
11. In case of MOB, remember the Williamson turn and record the position on the GPS
EVET.
12. After completing the work make sure the crew involve dismisses and report it to the
mate on watch.
15. Advise all crewmembers that company does not recommend attempts to oppose the
actions of pirates or terrorists once they have boarded the vessel.
2. Main Deck
Second deck port and starboard side passages, catwalks between bays, gearbox,
conduction box for reefer containers and ventilations manholes and staircases of
accommodation.
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5. Engine Room
Control room, workshop, and storerooms, spare parts locker, fuel oil purifying room,
steering gear room, safety escape trunk and suspected void spaces.
6. Stern
Mooring winch, gearbox, emergency fire pump room, rope room, paint locker, store
room, workshop and inside stack.
Note:
Any drugs discovered should be kept intact and notify local customs immediately.
If you say yes the first time, it will be for money; the second time it will be for your life.
So is better to say no the first time.
If you know about drug dealing and wanna help, grab a phone and dial 1-800 B-alert and
tell what you know. You will be rewarded by the DEA.
If you are convicted on smuggling, you will go to jail.
16. Broadcast stand by. (All deck hands stand by forward and aft, port /strb. side
alongside).
1. Test the communication between the engine room and the wheelhouse thus the
telegraph, emergency telephone, telephone to bridge and hand radio.
2. Change over the bunker to diesel.
3. Reduce speed / rpm to harbor / maneuvering speed.
4. Stop fresh water generator / evaporator.
5. Check that the starting and control air compressor is ready and that the pressure is ok
and free of water / water drained off.
6. Check that the starting air and intermediate valve is opened and that the air admission
to the main engine is in good order.
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7. Make sure enough generators are winding and that the bow thruster is ready.
8. After docking or anchoring wait for the bridge to advice you to finish with engine,
FWE.
Notas
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L E C T U R A S
(READINGS)
CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS
Christopher Columbus (1451-1506), Italian-Spanish navigator, who sailed west
across the Atlantic Ocean in search of a route to Asia but landed on islands in the
Caribbean Sea. Columbus was born in Genoa, Italy. In the mid-1470s he made his
first trading voyage in the Aegean Sea. Believing that the earth was smaller than
was previously thought and that it was composed mostly of land, Columbus
eventually decided that Asia could be reached quickly by sailing west. His request
to the king of Portugal to finance his expedition was rejected, and Columbus
moved to Spain, where his plans won the support of several influential people. In
April 1492 King Ferdinand V and Queen Isabella I agreed to sponsor the
expedition.
FIRST VOYAGE
Columbus's expedition consisted of the Santa Mara, under his personal command,
and the Pinta and the Nia, two smaller ships. The fleet sailed from Palos, Spain,
on August 3, 1492. Land was sighted before dawn on October 12, and early in the
morning the expedition landed on Guanahan, an island in the Bahamas. Columbus
claimed the island for Spain and renamed it San Salvador. He also landed on other
islands, including Cuba and Espaola, later called Hispaniola (now the Dominican
Republic and Haiti). In early 1493 Columbus returned to Spain, where he was
enthusiastically received by Ferdinand and Isabella.
SECOND VOYAGE
Columbus set sail with a second expedition in September 1493. He landed on the
islands of Dominica, Guadeloupe, and Antigua. Columbus established the colony
of Isabella near what is now Cape Isabella, Dominican Republic; it became the
first European settlement in the Americas. In the spring of 1494 he surveyed the
coast of Cuba. In 1495 Columbus established a new capital on Espaola named
Santo Domingo and sailed back to Spain.
Spain. The monarchs pardoned Columbus and replaced de Bobadilla, but refused
to restore Columbus to his post.
MAGELLAN, FERDINAND
Magellan, Ferdinand (1480?-1521), Portuguese navigator and explorer, the first
European to cross the Pacific Ocean and the first person to circumnavigate the
globe. Born in Sabrosa, Magellan eventually renounced his Portuguese
citizenship, and in 1517 he offered his services to the king of Spain, Charles I.
On September 20, 1519, Magellan sailed from Sanlcar de Barrameda in an
attempt to reach the Moluccas by sailing west, thereby circumventing Portugese-
controlled eastward routes. In November of that year he reached South America.
After nearly six months in Port San Julian, his fleet sailed for 38 days through
what is now the Strait of Magellan to the Pacific Ocean, discovering the
Philippines in March 1521. There, in an alliance with the ruler of Cebu island,
Magellan participated in an attack on the neighboring island of Mactan and was
killed.
Following Magellan's death, his remaining fleet reached the Moluccas on
November 6, 1521. The Victoria, commanded by Spanish navigator Juan
Sebastin del Cano, completed the circumnavigation of the globe, arriving in
Seville on September 6, 1522. Although Magellan did not live to complete the
voyage, he did circumnavigate the globe by passing the easternmost point he had
reached on an earlier voyage. His voyage laid the foundation for trade in the
Pacific between the Americas and the East.
While trying to find a western route to the Moluccas (1519), Magellan and his
expedition were blown by storms into the strait that now bears his name (1520).
He named and sailed across the Pacific Ocean, reaching the Marianas and the
Philippines (1521), where he was killed fighting for a friendly native king. One of
his ships returned to Spain (1522), thereby completing the first circumnavigation
of the globe.
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COOK, JAMES
Cook, James Known as Captain Cook. 1728-1779. British navigator and
explorer who commanded three major voyages of discovery, charting and
naming many islands of the Pacific Ocean. He also sailed along the coast of
North America as far north as the Bering Strait.
Famous for his voyages in the South Pacific Ocean and North American coastal
waters. He was born in Marton, England.
In 1768 Cook began his first major voyage to the South Pacific. He stopped in
Tahiti and proceeded to New Zealand, claiming British possession of parts of
both main islands and accurately charting the coastline for the first time. In 1770
he discovered the eastern coast of Australia, which he charted and claimed for
Great Britain.
Cook began his second expedition in 1772 and sailed to the South Pacific and
then along the edge of the Antarctic ice block. On January 16, 1773, he made the
first crossing of the Antarctic Circle. He also discovered the islands that were
later named after him (see Cook Islands). In 1774 he charted the New Hebrides,
the Marquesas, and Easter Island, and discovered several Pacific Islands.
In 1776 Cook sailed to determine if a Northwest Passage existed between the
Atlantic and Pacific oceans. In 1778 he discovered some of the Hawaiian Islands.
After reaching the coast of North America, off present-day Oregon, he charted the
western coastline as far north as the Bering Strait. He then returned to the
Hawaiian Islands, where he was killed during a skirmish with islanders.
DAMPIER, WILLIAM
Dampier, William (1652-1715), English navigator, explorer, and buccaneer,
who became known as a brilliant mapper of bodies of water. Dampier was born
in East Coker, Somersetshire. In the 1670s he alternated between lumbering in
Central America and buccaneering in the Caribbean Sea. In 1679 he crossed the
Isthmus of Panama during a piracy expedition along the Pacific coast of South
America.
In the 1680s Dampier sailed around the globe, traveling to Africa, China,
Australia, and Europe. Throughout the voyage he made meticulous surveys,
charts, and logs. In 1699 Dampier began a voyage to explore the South Seas. He
explored Australia and New Guinea and charted the currents and the coastline. He
named the island of New Britain and discovered and named both Dampier
Archipelago, a group of islands off northwestern Australia, and Dampier Strait,
which lies between New Britain and Umboi Island. Dampier wrote several
accounts of his journeys, including Voyage around the World (1697) and Voyages
and Descriptions (1699).
VERRAZZANO, GIOVANNI DA
Verrazzano, Giovanni da (circa 1480-1527?), Italian navigator, born in Val di
Greve, near Florence. Entering the French maritime service, he became famous as
a corsair (pirate) in raids on Spanish ships. He was commissioned by Francis I,
king of France, to claim new lands for France and to seek a western sea route to
China. In 1524 he reached the coast of present-day North Carolina and then
explored the Atlantic coast as far north as present-day Nova Scotia. He was the
first European to enter what is now New York Bay. While on a second expedition
Verrazano was killed by Native Americans in Brazil. The Verrazano-Narrows
Bridge in New York Harbor between Brooklyn and Staten Island is named after
him.
MAP
Map, representation of a geographic area drawn or printed on a flat surface. In
most instances a map is a diagrammatic representation of the terrain; it usually
contains a number of generally accepted symbols indicating the various natural,
artificial, or cultural features of the area it covers.
TYPES OF MAPS
A topographic map shows the natural features of an area as well as certain
artificial features. Political boundaries may also be shown. Ships navigate by
using hydrographic charts, which cover the surface and shores of large bodies of
water. Other special-purpose maps include political maps, which show only
political divisions without topographic features; geologic maps, showing the
geologic structure of an area; and maps indicating social and scientific data.
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Other methods of indicating elevation include the use of colors, tints, and
shadings.
MAP PROJECTIONS
For the representation of the entire surface of the earth without any kind of
distortion, a map must have a spherical surface; a map of this kind is known as a
globe. A flat map cannot accurately represent the rounded surface of the earth
except for very small areas where the curvature is negligible. To show large areas
with accuracy, the map must be drawn in such a way as to compromise among
distortions of areas, distances, and direction. The various methods of preparing a
flat map of the earth's surface are known as projections.
In making a cylindrical projection, the cartographer regards the surface of the map
as a cylinder that encircles the globe, touching it at the equator. The parallels of
latitude extend outward from the globe, parallel to the equator. The resulting map
represents the world's surface as a rectangle. Although the shapes of areas on the
cylindrical projection are increasingly distorted toward the poles, the size
relationship of areas on the map is equivalent to the size relationship of areas on
the globe. The Mercator projection is related to the cylindrical projection, with
certain modifications. It portrays equatorial regions accurately but greatly distorts
areas in the high latitudes. Directions are represented faithfully, and this is
valuable in navigation. There are several other projection techniques as well.
HISTORY OF MAPS
The earliest existing maps were made by the Babylonians about 2300 BC and
consisted largely of land surveys for the purposes of taxation. The first map to
represent the known world is believed to have been made in the 6th century BC by
Greek philosopher Anaximander. One of the most famous maps of classical times
was drawn by Greek geographer Eratosthenes about 200 BC. It represented the
known world from England to Africa to India. This map was the first to have
transverse parallel lines to show equal latitudes. Following the fall of the Roman
Empire, European mapmaking all but ceased. Arabian sailors, however, made
highly accurate charts during this same period.
In the 15th century, editions of the maps of Greek mathematician and astronomer
Ptolemy were printed in Europe; for the next several hundred years these maps
exerted great influence on European cartographers. In 1568 Flemish geographer
Gerardus Mercator devised the system of map projection that bears his name. In
1570 Flemish mapmaker Abraham Ortelius published the first modern atlas. It
contained 70 maps. By the 18th century, the scientific principles of mapmaking
were well established and the most notable inaccuracies in maps involved
unexplored parts of the world.
Greek galleys included a superstructure at the after end of the deck, which
housed the officers. At the forward end was a raised structure called a forecastle.
The Romans developed many different kinds of warships, notably galleys that
employed bridges for boarding enemy ships and some that carried catapult
artillery. About the 5th century AD the Scandinavians constructed the long ship,
an oceangoing vessel propelled by both oars and sails, and the round ship, a
sailing vessel useful on ocean voyages. Meanwhile the Chinese developed the
junk, which was essentially a large, flat-bottomed box without a keel or stem-
and sternposts (upright members at the bow and stern). A heavy steering oar or
rudder compensates for the lack of a keel.
LATER VESSELS
Most ships of medieval Europe were developed from Roman galleys, although a
permanent rudder hung from the sternpost in place of the Roman oars, and higher
sides above the waterline made them more suitable for use in rough seas. The
typical warship was the medieval galley, perfected by the shipbuilders of Genoa
and Venice. Beginning in the 15th century, galleys carried cannon and held as
many as 1200 people.
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Near the end of the Middle Ages, oars gave way to sails as a means of
propulsion. Italian-Spanish navigator Christopher Columbus sailed on caravels,
comparatively small vessels rigged with three or four masts, during his voyages
of discovery. The typical European warship of the 16th and 17th centuries was
and Venice. Beginning in the 15th century, galleys carried cannon and held as
many as 1200 people.
Near the end of the Middle Ages, oars gave way to sails as a means of propulsion.
Italian-Spanish navigator Christopher Columbus sailed on caravels, comparatively
small vessels rigged with three or four masts, during his voyages of discovery. The
typical European warship of the 16th and 17th centuries was the so-called great
ship, with four or five masts, high forecastle and poop decks, and 60 or more guns.
Sailing ships remained unchanged in their essentials for the three centuries
following Columbus's voyages. The renowned clipper ship, which brought
remarkable advances in speed, arrived only near the end of the sailing-ship era in
the mid-19th century. Long, slender, and sharp-bowed, clippers excelled in long-
distance commerce.
American wooden ships dominated ocean trade until the mid-1800s, when the
British took the lead in the construction of iron ships and so-called composite
ships, which were planked with wood over iron frames. Composite ships carried
a major portion of the world's ocean freight until approximately 1900, but they
were unable to compete with steamships.
STEAMSHIPS
The earliest recorded use of steam power in a boat was in 1786. American
inventor Robert Fulton built his first successful paddle-wheel boat in 1807, and
within a few years boats of this type traveled extensively on inland and coastal
waters in both Great Britain and the United States. The first steam-powered
vessel crossed the Atlantic Ocean in 1819. Regular service was instituted in
1840. Improvements in steam engines removed one of the great obstacles to the
development of the steamship: the need for carrying large supplies of fuel or for
refueling frequently during long voyages. The introduction of screw propellers
and turbine engines also improved efficiency.
MOTOR SHIPS
The development of the internal-combustion engine in the late 19th century
provided power plants far more efficient than conventional steam plants. Since
World War I (1914-1918), large motor-powered passenger liners have been built
and operated with great success. In recent years a number of novel types of ships
have been developed. Most recent shipbuilding developments have tried to free
the vehicle from the water's surface. The surface-effect ship, the captured-air-
bubble ship, and the hydrokeel reduce friction by introducing a layer of air
between the vessel and the water. The hydrofoil uses underwater foils that act like
airplane wings to lift the hull from the water.
SHIPBUILDING PRACTICE
The principles of ship structure remain essentially the same whether the ship is a
wooden sailing ship or a large modern tanker. The backbone of all ships is the
keel, a longitudinal beam or girder running from bow to stern at the very bottom
of the vessel. The forward end attaches to the upright stem that forms the front of
the vessel. The after end usually attaches to a similar sternpost.
A series of transverse curved ribs, which fasten at the center to the keel, are held
in position by curved longitudinal stringers that run the full length of the ship.
Additional bracing is provided by beams extending across the width of the ship
from rib to rib. The skin of the vessel is mounted outside the frame. Transverse
walls, called bulkheads, stiffen the frame and often form watertight
compartments that keep the ship afloat in the event of a leak.
The actual construction of any type of ship begins with lofting, the preparation of
an exact, full-size skeleton of the hull from which templates are constructed to cut
and form the plates and frames. In recent decades precise miniature skeletons have
been used to produce templates that are reproduced at full size by automatic
cutting machines. For many parts of the hull, computers may be used to design
In recent years new welding techniques and the use of large cranes has enabled
builders of steel ships to preassemble large subsections that can be moved to the
building site and fitted together. Very large ships may be assembled in a dock.
When work is finished, the dock is flooded and the ship is floated out. Most ships
are assembled on building ways (usually two sets of heavy timber) set on high
ground and slanting down into the water. When the ship is ready for launching,
the supports are removed and it slides down the ways into the water. After the
ship has been launched, its construction is finished while it is moored at a pier.
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INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE
Internal-Combustion Engine, machine that obtains mechanical energy from the
burning of chemical energy of fuel in an integral combustion chamber. Two
principal types of internal-combustion engines are the Otto-cycle and the diesel.
The Otto-cycle engine, named after its inventor, German technician Nikolaus
August Otto, is the gasoline engine used in automobiles and airplanes; the diesel
engine, named after French-born German engineer Rudolf Christian Karl Diesel,
is usually oil-powered and used in trucks, buses, and some automobiles.
COMPONENTS OF ENGINES
The essential parts of Otto-cycle and diesel engines are the same. The
combustion chamber consists of a cylinder, closed at one end, in which a close-
fitting piston slides. The outer side of the piston is attached to a crankshaft by a
connecting rod. The crankshaft transforms the reciprocating motion of the piston
into rotary motion. In multicylindered engines the power from each cylinder is
applied to the crankshaft at the appropriate point in its rotation.
The fuel supply system of an internal-combustion engine consists of a tank, a
fuel pump, and a device for vaporizing the liquid fuel. In Otto-cycle engines this
device is either a carburetor or a fuel-injection system. In most engines with a
carburetor, vaporized fuel is conveyed to the cylinders through a branched pipe
called the intake manifold and, in many engines, a similar exhaust manifold is
provided to carry off the gases produced by combustion. Mechanically operated
valves are normally held closed by the pressure of springs and are opened at the
proper time during the operating cycle by cams. In engines with fuel injection, a
monitoring system injects gas into the cylinder or inlet valve at the appropriate
time and the gas vaporizes.
In all engines some means of igniting the fuel in the cylinder is provided, and
because of the heat of combustion, all engines are equipped with some type of
cooling system. Unlike steam engines and turbines, internal-combustion engines
develop no torque when starting, and therefore provision must be made for
turning the crankshaft so that the cycle of operation can begin. Automobile
engines are normally started by means of an electric motor or starter that is
geared to the crankshaft with a clutch that automatically disengages the motor
after the engine has started.
OTTO-CYCLE ENGINES
DIESEL ENGINES
Most diesel engines are also four-stroke engines. The first stroke draws air, but
no fuel, into the combustion chamber through an intake valve. On the second
stroke the air is compressed and heated. At the end of the compression stroke,
vaporized fuel is injected into the combustion chamber and burns instantly
because of the high temperature of the air in the chamber. This combustion
drives the piston back on the third, or power, stroke of the cycle. The fourth
stroke is an exhaust stroke.
PACIFIC OCEAN
Pacific Ocean, largest and deepest of the world's four oceans, covering more
than a third of the earth's surface and containing more than half of its free water.
It is sometimes divided into two nominal sections: the part north of the equator is
called the North Pacific; the part south of the equator, the South Pacific. The
Pacific Ocean is bounded on the east by the North and South American
continents; on the west by Asia, the Malay Archipelago, and Australia; and on
the south by Antarctica. Apart from the marginal seas along its irregular western
rim, it has an area of about 165 million sq km (about 64 million sq mi). Its
average depth is 4282 m (14,049 ft). The greatest known depth in any of the
world's oceans is 11,033 m (36,198 ft) in the Mariana Trench off Guam.
The Pacific coastal shelf is narrow along North and South America but is
relatively wide along Asia and Australia. The East Pacific Rise, a midocean ridge
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system, extends from the Gulf of California to a point west of the southern tip of
South America. Molten rock upwells from the rise, adding crust to the huge
plates on both sides. These plates then collide with the continental plates adjacent
to their edges, creating stresses that cause earthquakes and volcanoes. The
Pacific Ocean contains more than 30,000 islands, most of which are relatively
small. The largest islands form volcanic arcs that rise from the continental shelf
along the eastern edge of the Eurasian Plate. The oceanic islands are the tops of
volcanoes built up from the ocean basin.
Currents in the North Pacific are dominated by the huge North Central Gyre,
which circulates clockwise. The South Pacific is dominated by the
counterclockwise-moving South Central Gyre. Located in the extreme south, the
Antarctic Circumpolar Current (West Wind Drift) encircles the globe. The
outstanding wind systems of the Pacific Ocean are the twin belts of westerlies,
which blow from west to east between 30 and 60 latitude, one in the northern
hemisphere, and one in the southern hemisphere. Between the westerlies are the
steadier trade winds, which move from the east in the northern hemisphere and
from the west in the southern hemisphere. Much of the plant and animal life of the
Pacific Ocean is concentrated along its margins. The Pacific has also begun to be
exploited for its vast mineral resources.
MARIANA TRENCH
Mariana Trench, depression in the floor of the Pacific Ocean, the deepest
seafloor depression in the world. It is located just east of the Mariana Islands in
the western part of the ocean basin. The Mariana Trench is an arc-shaped valley
extending generally northeast to southwest for about 2500 km (about 1554 mi);
its average width is about 70 km (about 44 mi). The Mariana is one of many
deepwater ocean trenches formed by the geologic process of subduction (see
Plate Tectonics). Near its southwestern extremity, about 338 km (about 210 mi)
southwest of the island of Guam, is the deepest point on earth. This point, the
Challenger Deep, is estimated to be 11,033 m (about 36,198 ft) deep. The
Challenger Deep was named after HMS Challenger II, the vessel of those who
discovered the point in 1948.
In January 1960 Swiss ocean engineer Jacques Piccard and United States Navy
Lieutenant Donald Walsh descended into the Challenger Deep in the French-
built, U.S. Navy-operated bathyscaphe Trieste. Piccard whose father, Auguste
Piccard, invented the bathyscaphe and Walsh took the Trieste to a depth of
10,915 m (about 35,810 ft), the deepest descent in history.
PACIFIC OCEAN
Source: Defense Mapping Agency, Hydrographic/Topographic Center, U.S.
Dept. of Defense
Note: Greater depths have been reported in some areas. They are not official,
however, unless confirmed by research vessels.
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MOUNT EVEREST
A mountain, 8,853.5 m (29,028 ft) high, of the central Himalaya Mountains on the
border of Tibet and Nepal. The highest elevation in the world, it was first scaled in
1953 by members of an expedition including Sir Edmund Hillary and Tenzing
Norgay.
ECLIPSE
Eclipse, obscuring of one astronomical object by another. A lunar eclipse occurs
when the earth is between the sun and the moon and its shadow darkens the moon.
A solar eclipse occurs when the moon is between the sun and the earth and its
shadow moves across the earth.
LUNAR ECLIPSES
The earth casts a long, conical shadow, called the umbra, with an area of partial
shadow called the penumbra around it. A total lunar eclipse occurs when the
moon passes completely into the umbra. If it moves directly through the center, it
is obscured for about two hours. A partial lunar eclipse occurs when only a part of
the moon enters the umbra. Even during a total eclipse, the lunar disk is not
completely dark; it is faintly illuminated with a red light refracted by the earth's
atmosphere.
SOLAR ECLIPSES
Total solar eclipses occur when the moon's umbra reaches the earth. If the moon
passes between the earth and the sun and its shadow does not reach the earth, an
annular eclipse may occur, in which an annulus or bright ring of the solar disk
appears around the black disk of the moon. In areas outside the moon's umbra but
within the penumbra, a partial eclipse occurs. A total solar eclipse typically lasts
only about three minutes.
The moon begins to move across the solar disk about one hour before total
eclipse. At totality, sunlight dims to resemble bright moonlight. This sunlight
comes from the corona (the outermost part of the sun's atmosphere). As the
visible sun narrows to a thin crescent, the corona appears. At the moment before
totality, brilliant points of light, called Baily's beads, flash out. These points are
caused by the sun shining through irregularities on the lunar surface. Baily's beads
also appear at emersion, when totality is ending.
FREQUENCY OF ECLIPSES
Eclipses occur only when the moon or the sun is close to the two points, called the
nodes, where the orbital planes of the earth and the moon intersect. Both the sun
and the moon periodically return to the same position relative to one of the nodes,
so eclipses recur at regular intervals. The time of the interval, called the saros, is
about 18 years, 9 to 11 days, depending on the number of intervening leap years,
and 8 hours. The saros, known since the time of ancient Babylonia, is almost
exactly 19 returns of the sun to the same node, 242 returns of the moon to the
same node, and 223 lunar months. During one saros about 70 eclipses take place,
usually 29 lunar and 41 solar; of the latter, usually 10 are total and 31 partial.
Eclipses in the 20th century number 375: 228 solar and 147 lunar.
SOLAR SYSTEM
The sun together with the nine planets and all other celestial bodies that orbit the
sun.
EARTH
The third planet from the sun, having a sidereal period of revolution about the sun
of 365.26 days at a mean distance of approximately 149 million kilometers (92.96
million miles), an axial rotation period of 23 hours 56.07 minutes, an average
radius of 6,374 kilometers (3,959 miles), and a mass of approximately 5.974
1024 kilograms (13.17 1024 pounds).
MARS (PLANET)
Mars (planet), fourth planet from the sun and sixth largest planet, named for the
Roman god of war. Mars has two small moons, Phobos and Deimos. Phobos is
about 21 km (about 13 mi) across; Deimos, about 12 km (about 7.5 mi).
314 El squat que experimenta un buque es proporcional a su velocidad, so tenga en mente el underkeel clearance.
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A telescope shows Mars to have bright orange regions and darker, less red areas.
The reddish color results from its rusted surface. The brighter areas seem to
contain more dust-sized particles than do the dark regions. Yellow dust clouds are
often extensive.
Bright caps mark the planet's polar regions. Each autumn, clouds form over the
cooling pole. Carbon dioxide frost is deposited during autumn and winter. By late
winter, the cap may extend down to latitudes of 45. In spring the clouds scatter,
and the cap recedes poleward as sunlight evaporates the frost. Some frost and ice,
believed to be mostly frozen water, lasts through the summer.
ATMOSPHERE
The Martian atmosphere consists of carbon dioxide (95 percent), nitrogen (2.7
percent), argon (1.6 percent), oxygen (0.2 percent), and trace amounts of other
gases. Because the atmosphere is thin, daily temperature variations of 100 C
(180 F) are common. Average temperatures do not exceed 240 K (-27 F).
The amount of water vapor present in the atmosphere is slight. Mars is like a very
cold, high-altitude desert. Temperatures are mostly too cold and pressures too low
for liquid water, but liquid water may exist just below the surface in a few places.
The most spectacular geologic features on Mars are channels resembling the
valleys of dried-up rivers. Two major types are known. Large outflow channels
may have been formed by the sudden release of vast amounts of liquid water. The
cause remains uncertain, but these features probably date from the planet's first
billion years or so. Numerous small features show less compelling but possible
evidence for erosion by liquid water.
The low average density of Mars indicates that it cannot have an extensive
metallic core. Any core that may be present is probably not fluid, because Mars
does not have a measurable magnetic field. The crust of Mars may be as thick as
200 km (125 mi) five or six times as thick as earth's crust.
JUPITER (PLANET)
Jupiter (planet), fifth planet from the sun and largest planet in the solar system,
named for the ruler of the gods in Roman mythology. Jupiter has 1400 times the
volume of Earth but an average density only about one-fourth that of Earth. The
giant planet must be formed of gas instead of the metals and rocks forming the
Earth. Jupiter orbits the sun, at an average distance 5.2 times greater than that of
Earth, once every 11.9 Earth years, but it takes Jupiter only 9.9 hours to rotate on
its axis. This rapid rotation causes a bulge at Jupiter's equator.
316 El squat que experimenta un buque es proporcional a su velocidad, so tenga en mente el underkeel clearance.
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The remaining moons are very much smaller. Between Jupiter and Io are the
moons Metis, Adrastea, Amalthea, and Thebe. Outside Callisto are Leda, Himalia,
Lysithea, Elara, Ananke, Carma, Pasiphae, and Sinope. Close to the planet is a
faint system of rings. Since the material in these rings is visibly moving in toward
Jupiter, it must be continuously replaced, perhaps by disintegration of small
moons embedded in the rings. Metis is just at the outer edge of the ring system
and could be one source of material.
SATURN (PLANET)
Saturn (planet), second largest planet and sixth from the sun. Saturn is famous
for its rings, first seen in 1610 by Italian scientist Galileo and identified as rings
by Dutch astronomer Christiaan Huygens in 1655. The rings contain more than
100,000 individual ringlets.
difference indicates that Saturnian equatorial winds have velocities close to 1700
km/hr (1060 mph).
SATELLITES
Saturn has 18 confirmed satellites and as many as 14 others proposed but
unconfirmed. The diameters of Saturn's satellites range from 20 to 5150 km (12 to
3200 mi). The five large inner satellites Mimas, Enceladus, Tethys, Dione, and
Rhea are roughly spherical and formed mostly of water ice. Up to 40 percent of
Dione's mass may be rocky material. The surfaces of these five satellites are
heavily cratered by meteorite impacts. Mimas bears a crater one-third as wide as
Mimas itself.
Several small satellites have been discovered among Saturn's rings. Possibly four
Trojan satellites of Tethys and one of Dione have also been discovered. Trojan
satellites occur in regions of stability that lead or follow an object in its orbit.
Saturn's outer satellites Hyperion and Iapetus are mostly water ice. Iapetus has a
bright surface with a very dark region. Phoebe, the farthest satellite, moves in the
opposite direction to the other satellites at a sharp angle to Saturn's equator.
Phoebe is probably a cometary body captured by Saturn's gravitational field.
Between the inner and outer satellites orbits Titan, Saturn's largest moon. Its
diameter is about 5150 km (about 3200 mi), larger than Mercury, and its
atmosphere is probably about 300 km (about 186 mi) thick. Titan has a nitrogen
atmosphere with traces of other gases. On the surface, the temperature is about -
182 C (about -296 F). The interior of Titan probably contains equal amounts of
rock and water ice.1
MOON
1. The natural satellite of Earth, visible by reflection of sunlight and having a
slightly elliptical orbit, approximately 356,000 kilometers (221,600 miles) distant
at perigee and 406,997 kilometers (252,950 miles) at apogee. Its mean diameter is
3,475 kilometers (2,160 miles), its mass approximately one eightieth that of Earth,
and its average period of revolution around Earth 29 days 12 hours 44 minutes
calculated with respect to the sun.
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3. The moon as it appears at a particular time in its cycle of phases: the full
moon; a half moon.
TSUNAMI
Tsunami, Japanese word used as the scientific term for a seismic sea wave
generated by an undersea earthquake or possibly an undersea landslide or volcanic
eruption. When the ocean floor is tilted or offset during an earthquake, a set of
waves is created similar to the concentric waves generated by an object dropped
into the water. Tsunamis have varying wavelengths and can travel hundreds of
kilometers, reaching speeds of about 725 to 800 km/h (about 450 to 500 mph). On
entering shallow coastal waters, tsunamis grow rapidly and can become extremely
destructive to coastlines. Tsunamis can also be caused by hurricanes or cyclones,
when they are called storm surges.
TITANIC DISASTER
Titanic Disaster, one of the worst maritime disasters in history. The British
luxury liner Titanic (46,000 gross tons) of the White Star Line, on its maiden
voyage from Southampton to New York City, struck an iceberg about 153 km
(about 95 mi) south of the Grand Banks of Newfoundland just before midnight
on April 14, 1912. Of the more than 2220 persons aboard, about 1513 died,
including the American millionaires John Jacob Astor, Benjamin Guggenheim,
and Isidor Straus.
The ship had been proclaimed unsinkable because of its 16 watertight
compartments, but the iceberg punctured five of them, one more than had been
considered possible in any accident, and the Titanic sank in less than three
hours. Subsequent investigations found that the ship had been steaming too fast
in dangerous waters, that lifeboat space had been provided for only about half of
the passengers and crew, and that the Californian, close to the scene, had not
come to the rescue because its radio operator was off duty and asleep. These
findings led to many reforms, such as lifeboat space for every person on a ship,
lifeboat drills, the maintenance of a full-time radio watch while at sea, and an
international ice patrol.
The sinking of the Titanic has been the subject of several books and films, but
not until September 1985 was the actual wreck found and the area
photographed, by a joint French-United States expedition, through the use of
robot submersibles equipped with television cameras. In July 1986 the U.S.
researchers explored the Titanic in the three-person Alvin submersible; they took
pictures of the interior, but recovered no artifacts. The following year a
controversial French salvage effort retrieved dishes, jewels, currency, and other
artifacts, which were exhibited in Paris in September 1987.
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NAUTILUS 1
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WEB PAGES
1. issa@dial.pipex.com
2. Maritime Companies
3. www.appliedweather.com
4. www.bade-hormig.com
5. www.bakerlyman.com
6. www.boatbooks.com.au
7. www.boatbooks-aust.com.au
8. www.bookharboar.com
9. www.caim.it
10. www.celestaire.com
11. www.chartkorea.com
12. www.cnita.com
13. www.cornes.co.jp/maritime/e-list.html
14. www.cruisewestagents.com
15. www.gibchartagency.com
16. www.gustinnautical.com
17. www.hydro.nav.gov.au
18. www.imo.org
19. www.imray.com
20. www.islamorada.com
21. www.jgarraio.pt
22. www.kelvinhughes.com
23. www.lairdside-maritime.com
24. www.mainboats.com
25. www.marineinstruments.co.uk
26. www.marinesoft.ukr.net
27. www.maritimeemployment.com
28. www.maritimejobs.com
29. www.mdnautical,com
30. www.nautical-charts.com
31. www.nauticalmind.com
32. www.nautisk.com
33. www.navicharts.com
34. www.navnotices.nima.mil
35. www.newyorknautical.com
36. www.nima.mil
37. www.paracay.com
38. www.pilothousechart.com
39. www.portinfo.co.uk
40. www.rcds.co.uk
41. www.reedsnautical.com
42. www.rhjohnchart.com
43. www.safenav.com
44. www.scd-charts.co.uk
45. www.seachest.co.uk
46. www.shipping-pages.com/admiraltycharts
47. www.shipsupply.org/index.htm
48. www.signel.com.sg/ motsmith.com
49. www.starpath.com
50. www.tcsmith.com
51. www.thomasgunn.co.uk
52. www.transpacific.co.nz
53. www.trinitynavigation.com
54. www.ukho.gov.uk
55. www.waggonerguide.com
56. www.waypoint.co.ii
57. www.welbach.dk
58. www.yachtcrew-cv.com
322 B4 testing the Main Engine (M/E), make sure the accommodation ladder is safe.
NAUTILUS 1
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9. Check that both international shore connections are in proper condition. C/M 3M
Lockers providing storage for fire-fighting equipment contain proper
10. C/M 3M
inventory and equipment are in proper condition.
11. All fire doors and fire dampers to be tested for local operation. C/M 3M
All CO2 bottle connections, cable operating system & clips to be checked
12. C/M 3M
for tightness.
13. Life rafts general maintenance. C/M 3M
19. Internal inspection of the control valves of fixed fire-fighting system. C/M 6M
21. No.1.. deck cranes to be greased & open gear oil applied. C/M 6M
Port & stbd side accommodation ladder wire ropes to be inspected, greased
22. C/M 6M
and gear box oil level to be checked.
23. No.1.. Provision crane function to be checked. C/M 6M
29. Water tight doors /windows to be checked de-rusted & painted. C/M 6M
30. All fire pumps to be flow tested for proper pressures and flow. C/M 12 M
38. Deck pipelines (CO2, freshwater, fire lines & air) to be de-rusted & painted. C/M 12 M
45. Port & stbr sides accommodation ladders wire to be renewed. C/M 24 M
46. Cargo hold (tank top & platform) to be de-rusted & painted. C/M 30 M
49. Second deck / bow thruster room to be de-rusted & painted. C/M 30 M
50. Second deck / steering gear room to be de-rusted & painted. C/M 30 M
324 Six heavy slamming or 25 propeller emergences during 100 pitching motion should be considared dangerous.
.
NAUTILUS 1
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No.1.. Radar (scanner & CTR) to be greased, belts checked and base bolt
58. 2/M 6M
retighten.
59. Magnetic compass function to be checked. 2/M 6M
M/E scavenging trunk - valve, liner and piston ring to be inspected and
70. 2/E 3M
cleaned.
71. Oily water separator 15 ppm alarm function to be checked. 2/E 3M
72. Oily water separator outlet 3-way valve function to be checked. 2/E 3M
74. Oily water separator to be flushed and the OCD sample cell cleaned. 2/E 3M
Air condition unit for accommodation, condenser tubes to be cleaned &
75. 2/E 3M
anodes renewed.
80. M/E crank casing - bolts, nuts, oil pipes to be checked and retighten 2/E 6M
Engine room overhead crane wire rope to be inspected, greased & gearbox
81. 2/E 6M
oil level checked.
82. Mooring equipment oil filter to be inspected and cleaned. 2/E 6M
91. M/E starting air distributor & master valve function to be checked. 2/E 12 M
M/E No.1 air cooler, sea water side, to be cleaned by chemical circulation
92. 2/E 12 M
& anodes checked.
M/E blocking valve, turning gear (for starting interlock), to be inspected,
93. 2/E 12 M
cleaned / overhaul.
94. M/E cam shaft driven mechanism reversing chain to be checked. 2/E 12 M
M/E air coolers, auto air purged valve of salt water side to be inspected,
95. 2/E 12 M
cleaned & repaired if necessary.
96. M/E safety devices to be tested and recorded. 2/E 12 M
Propeller shaft electric revolution transmitter carbon brush to be checked &
97. 2/E 12 M
replaced if necessary.
98. M/E remote control system to be checked. 2/E 12 M
100. Auxiliary Condenser anodes to be renewed and cooler tubes cleaned. 2/E 12 M
101. Control room cooling unit tubes to be cleaned & anodes renewed. 2/E 12 M
102. No.1 M/E FUEL OIL heater to be chemically cleaned & pressure tested. 2/E 12 M
103. No.1.. Electric / Hydraulic deck crane gearbox oil to be renewed. 2/E 12 M
107. Lube oil cooler for M/E cooler tubes to be cleaned & anodes renewed. 2/E 12 M
Main air compressor cooling freshwater tubes to be cleaned & anodes
108. 2/E 12 M
renewed.
109. Freshwater cooler for G/E tubes to be cleaned & anodes renewed. 3/E 12 M
110. Main lube oil cooler salt water side to be cleaned and zinc plates renewed. 2/E 12 M
Freshwater generator condenser heat exchange plates or tubes to be cleaned
111. 2/E 12 M
& anodes renewed.
113. M/E guide shoe, guide plate and cross-head lubrication to be checked. 2/E 18 M
326 Six heavy slamming or 25 propeller emergences during 100 pitching motion should be considared dangerous.
.
NAUTILUS 1
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121. Sewage unit No. 1.. Blower and discharge pump to be overhaul & cleaned. 2/E 24 M
122. Oily water separator system pump to be overhaul & cleaned. 2/E 24 M
123. Sewage unit surge tank, effluent & omnipure cell to be checked & cleaned. 2/E 24 M
Lube oil heater for purifier, side, to be chemically cleaned & pressure
125. 2/E 30 M
tested.
Distant pieces of sea chest suction pipes (docking) thickness to be
126. 2/E 30 M
measured & coating applied.
127. No.1 FUEL OIL purifier heater to be chemically cleaned & pressure tested. 2/E 30 M
128. M/E jacket cooling freshwater heater to be cleaned & pressure tested. 2/E 30 M
130. Sewage unit No. 1.. Aeration inlet check valve to be overhaul & cleaned. 2/E 36 M
132. M/E auto stop piston valve to be inspected, cleaned and overhaul. 2/E 36 M
M/E No.1,2,3.. cylinders fuel pump, blocks & safety cut-out devices to be
139. 2/E 48 M
replaced with spares and timing rechecked.
G/E blend oil heater, lube oil side, to be chemically cleaned & pressure
140. 2/E 48 M
tested.
Auxiliary boiler FUEL OIL heater to be chemically cleaned & pressure
141. 2/E 48 M
tested.
142. M/E No.1 auxiliary blower to be overhaul & ball bearings renewed. 2/E 48 M
145. Sewage unit No.1.. Aeration blower to be overhaul & cleaned. 2/E 60 M
154. Emergency diesel generator engine & emergency generator to be checked. 3/E 1M
Sludge (waste oil) incinerator refractory material on the inner wall of the
157. 3/E 3M
furnace to be checked.
158. Steering gear - motor ball bearing to be greased. 3/E 3M
164. No.1.. Diesel generator, engine exhaust duct & drain pipe, to be cleaned. 3/E 6M
328 Six heavy slamming or 25 propeller emergences during 100 pitching motion should be considared dangerous.
.
NAUTILUS 1
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Sludge (waste oil) incinerator burner, pump and the bed driving system to
172. 3/E 12 M
be checked & overhaul.
Sludge (waste oil) incinerator contactors in electric parts to be cleaned with
173. 3/E 12 M
kerosene or thinner.
174. No.1.. AC generator to be checked on the inside and cleaned if needed. 3/E 12 M
177. No.1.. G/E air cooler tubes to be cleaned & anodes renewed. 3/E 12 M
187. No.1.. Generator engine attached cool freshwater pump to be overhaul. 3/E 36 M
188. No.1.. Generator engine lube oil pump to be overhaul or renewed. 3/E 36M
cleaned.
198. No.1.. Main air compressor crank casing to be replenished with lube oil 4/E 6M
No.1.. Main air compressor safety and auto control devices to be checked &
199. 4/E 6M
tested.
No.1.. Main air compressor, magnetic coupling lining, to be checked for
200. 4/E 6M
clearance.
201. Emergency air compressor safety & auto control device to be tested. 4/E 6M
No.1.. Main air compressor cylinder & piston to be overhaul and piston
206. 4/E 24 M
rings to be renewed if necessary.
207. No.1.. Main air compressor shaft coupling centering to be checked. 4/E 24 M
209. Emergency air compressors crank casing lube oil to be replenished. 4/E 12 M
215. Control air dehydrator, salt water side, to be cleaned & anodes renewed. 4/E 24 M
Auxiliary cooling salt water pump to be overhaul & extent of wear down of
216. 4/E 24 M
bearings to be checked and renew if necessary.
No.1 salt water service pump to be overhaul & extent of wear down of
217. 4/E 24 M
bearings to be checked and renew if necessary.
Fire & General Service pump to be overhaul & extent of wear down of
218. 4/E 24 M
bearings to be checked and renew if necessary.
Bilge pump to be overhaul & extent of wear down of bearings to be
219. 4/E 24 M
checked and renew if necessary.
Freshwater generator ejectors pump to be overhaul & extent of wear down
220. 4/E 24 M
of bearings to be checked and renew if necessary.
Air-condition cooling salt water pump to be overhaul & extent of wear
221. 4/E 24 M
down of bearings to be checked and renew if necessary.
No.1.. Sanitary pump to be overhaul & extent of wear down of bearings to
222. 4/E 24 M
be checked and renew if necessary.
223. Emergency fires pump to be overhaul. 4/E 24 M
Fire, bilge & ballast pump to be overhaul & extent of wear down of
224. 4/E 24 M
bearings to be checked and renew if necessary.
Condenser pump for fresh water generator to be overhaul & extent of wear
225. 4/E 24 M
down of bearings to be checked and renew if necessary.
4/E 24 M
330 Six heavy slamming or 25 propeller emergences during 100 pitching motion should be considared dangerous.
.
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Windlass & mooring winch hydraulic motors to be checked & outlet back
227. 4/E 36 M
pressure to be measured.
Deck machinery hydraulic motors to be checked & outlet back-pressure to
228. 4/E 36 M
be measured.
Fresh water pump for general use to be overhaul & extent of wear down of
229. 4/E 36 M
bearings to be checked and renew if necessary.
230. No.1.. generator engine attached FUEL OIL feed pump to be overhaul. 4/E 36 M
No.1.. fuel oil service pump to be overhaul & extent of wear down of
241. 4/E 36 M
bearings to be checked and renew if necessary.
Cylinder oil shift pump to be overhaul & extent of wear down of bearings
242. 4/E 36 M
to be checked and renew if necessary.
243. Waste oil settling tank fan to be overhaul. 4/E 36 M
Emergency steering gear pump to be overhaul & extent of wear down of
244. 4/E 36 M
bearings to be checked and renew if necessary.
Diesel oil service pump to be overhaul & extent of wear down of bearings
245. 4/E 36 M
to be checked and renew if necessary.
Fuel oil transfer pump to be overhaul & extent of wear down of bearings to
246. 4/E 60 M
be checked and renew if necessary.
shift pump (air driven) to be overhaul & extent of wear down of bearings
247. 4/E 60 M
to be checked and renew if necessary.
Air cooler chemical cleaning pump to be overhaul & extent of wear down
248. 4/E 60 M
of bearings to be checked and renew if necessary.
No.1 stern tube lube oil pump to be overhaul & extent of wear down of
249. 4/E 60 M
bearings to be checked and renew if necessary.
BIBLIOGRAFA
POR AUTORES
A.G. Bole & K.D. Jones. AUTOMATIC RADAR PLOTTING AIDS MANUAL; A
Mariners Guide to the Use of ARPA. Cornell Maritime Press, Centreville, Maryland.
Brown, Ernest B. RADAR NAVIGATION MANNUAL (Pub. No. 1310), 3rd ed., 1979.
Defense Mapping Agency Hydrographic/Topographic Center.
Colin Pielon. GUIDE TO PORT ENTRY, Ed. 2001. Shipping Guide Limited, The Bath
Press, Bath, England.
Cornell, Felix M., and Hoffman, Allan C.. AMERICAN MERCHANT SEAMANS
MANUAL, Sixth Edition. Cornell Maritime Press, Centreville, Maryland.
Crenshaw, R.S. NAVAL SHIP HANDLING, 4th ed., 1977. United States Naval Institute,
Annapolis, MD.
F.F. Weeks. WAVE LENGHT (How to used the IMCO Standard Marine Navigation
Vocabulary). Editorial Alhambra, R.E. 182, Madrid-Claudio Coello, 76.
La Dage, John and Lee Vangemert. STABILITY AND TRIM FOR THE SHIPS
OFFICER, 3rd ed., 1983. Cornell Maritime Press, Centreville, MD.
332 The Titanic Disaster took placed just before midnight on April 14, 1912 and 1,513 people die.
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Copyright 2004
Markham, George A., Master Marine. THE PANAMA CANAL PILOT. Panama:
Panama Canal Commission.
Nathaniel Bowditch. MARINE WEATHER. Arco publishing, Inc. 219 Park Avenue
South, New York, N.Y. 1003.
Noel, John V Jr. and Frank E. Bassett. KNIGHT`S MODERN SEAMANSHIP, 16th ed.,
1977. Van Nostrad Reinhold Company, Inc., New York, N.Y.
The International and Inland Rules 3rd Edition. Cornell Maritime Press, Centreville,
Maryland.
Thomas Agnew Cole. THOMAS STOWAGE, The Properties and Stowage of Cargo
Second Edition Glasgow. Brown, Son & Ferguson LTD., Nautical Publishers 4-10
Darney Street.
POR TITULOS
1996 NORTH AMERICA EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDE BOOK
LABELMASTER. An American labelmark Company, 5724 N. Pulasky Road, Chicago,
IL 60646-6797.
ATLAS OF PILOT CHARTS, NORTH ATLANTIC OCEAN, (NV PUB. 106), Ed. 2001.
National Imagery and Mapping Agency. Light house press, Annapolis MD.
INTERNATIONAL MEDICAL GUIDE FOR SHIPS, 2nd Ed. 1988. World Health
Organization. Geneva
334 The Titanic Disaster took placed just before midnight on April 14, 1912 and 1,513 people die.
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JUE-45A M II. Maritime Satellite Communication System Inmarsat-A Ship Earth Station
Operation Manual. JRC., Ltd.
NP 100 THE MARINERS MANUAL, Sixth Ed. 1898, Publish By The Hydrographer Of
The Navy.
Pub. 151: DISTANCES BETWEEN PORTS. National Imagery and Mapping Agency.
Bethesda, Maryland.
WORLD PORT INDEX (PUB. 150), 7th Ed. 2002. Light house press, Annapolis MD.
CONVENIOS
INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON LOAD LINES, 1966 FINAL ACT OF THE
CONFERENCE, WITH ATTACHMENTS INCLUDING THE INTERNATIONAL
CONVENTION ON LOAD LINES, 1966, Ed. 1981. International Maritime
Organization. London.
ISPS CODE, INTERNATIONAL SHIP & PORT FACILITY SECURITY CODE AND
SOLAS AMENDMENTS 2002, Ed. 2003. Printed in the United Kingdom by Halstan &
Co. Ltd., Amersham, Bucks.
CODIGOS
CODE ON INTACT STABILITY FOR ALL TYPE OF SHIPS COVERED BY IMO
INSTRUMENTS, Ed. 1995. International Maritime Organization. London.
336 The Titanic Disaster took placed just before midnight on April 14, 1912 and 1,513 people die.
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FSS CODE, INTERNATIONAL CODE FOR FIRE SAFETY SYSTEMS, Ed. 2001.
Printed in the United Kingdom by Halstan & Co. Ltd., Amersham, Bucks.
PROCEDURES FOR PORT STATE CONTROL 2000, Ed. 2001. International Maritime
Organization. London.
PANFLETOS
CHARLESTON BRANCH. Pilot's Association.
COLREGS 1972
PROGRAMAS
Adobe Acrobat 6.0 Profesional
Microsoft Office Xp
Microsoft Words 97
MARINERS ANNUAL, 129 North Main Street , New Hope, PA 18938 USA.
Mariners Guide (Catlago de equipos usados a bordo, actualizado y publicado en el mes
de abril de cada ao) y,
SHIP STORES CATALOGUE, 2nd Ed. 1986, International ship suppliers association,
ISSA. Yokohama, Japan.
338 The Titanic Disaster took placed just before midnight on April 14, 1912 and 1,513 people die.
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340 The Titanic Disaster took placed just before midnight on April 14, 1912 and 1,513 people die.
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342 The Titanic Disaster took placed just before midnight on April 14, 1912 and 1,513 people die.
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NDICE
Espaol Ingls
(Las palabras y frases en minuscula forman parte del texto de una definicin.)
A
A Popa, 18 Aligerar, 77
A Proa, 18 Alistar Ambas Anclas Para Largar, 65
a vela, 159 Alistar sus Lneas, 77
Ab, 83 Alistarse Para Largar, 65
Abnico, 35 All Ship Call, 207, 218
Abarloado, 71 Allround Light, 163
Abatimiento, 131 almanaque nutico, 121
Abeam, 19 Alongside, 71
Able Seaman, 83 Alternador, 183
above deck equipment, 205, 218 Alternator, 183
Accommodation Ladder, 57 Alto, 149
achique, 39 Altura, 109
acknowledge, 215, 218 Altura del Ojo, 135
acknowledgement, 195, 218 Amarraderos, 71
Action To Avoid Collision, 161 amarrado a tierra, 161
Actuator Room, 47 Amarrar, 77
ADE, 205, 218 amenaza, 103
adelantar un da, 137 Amidship, 19
Advance, 79 Amplitud de Marea, 133
advance one day, 137 Amura, 19
Advection Fog, 147 Amura de Babor, 18
Aforo, 111 Amura de Estribor, 18
After Bow Spring, 73 Amurada, 31
After Quarter Spring, 73 Anchor At Short Stay, 65
Agriculture Officer, 89 Anchor is Clear, 67
Aground, 133 Anchor is Fould, 67
Agua Salobre, 99 Anchor Leading Forward, Aft, 65
aguas interiores, 147 Anchor Light, 65
aguas poco profundas, 127 Anchor Ready To Let Go, 65
aids to navigation, 127 Anchor Secured for Sea, 67
Aids to Navigation, 125 Anchorage, 63
Air Cooler, 186 Ancla A Pendura, 67
Air Draft, 9 Ancla A Pique, 65
Air Escape Head, 55 Ancla Con Cepo, 61
Air Hole, 55 Ancla de Leva, 61
Air Masses, 143 Ancla de Respeto, 61
airborne, 211, 215, 218, 222 Ancla Despejada, 67
Airborne, 211 Ancla Enredada, Atascada, 67
Airports, 55 Ancla Firme, 67
alarma visual y auditiva, 213 Ancla Lista Para Largar, 65
Alcance, 65 Ancla Lista Para Navegar, 67
Alcance Luminoso, 155 Ancla Llamando A Proa, A Popa, 65
Alcazar, 53 Ancla Sin Cepo, 61
Alern, 53 anclado, 161
Alert, 195, 218 Anemometer, 135
Alertar, 195 Anemmetro, 135
Aleta, 21 ngulo de Tangencia, 79
Aleta de Babor, 18 Anillo Variable de Alcance, 175
Aleta de Estribor, 18 Anillos de Alcance, 173
Aligeramientos, 39 Antena, 171
Hacer Firme, 77
Hacia Dentro, 18
Hacia La Banda, 18 I
Half Beam, 27
Hand Lead, 135
Hatch, 107 Identification, ID Numbers, 5
Hatch Battens, 109 Imbornales, 33
Hatch Coaming, 107 Immigration Officer, 89
Hatch Covers, 107 Incidente de Seguridad, 101
Hawsepipe, 41 Incompatibilidad, 115
Hazardous, Dangerous Cargo, 113 Incompatibility, 115
haze, 147 Indian Ocean Region, 203, 220
Haze, 149 Indicador, 171
Head, 49 Indicador de Paso, 181
Head Line, 73 Indicador del Timn, 181
Head On Situation, 163 informacin actualizada, 197
heading, 129, 173 Ingenieros, 83
Heading Flash, 173 inicial call, 215, 220
Heading Marker, 173 inland waters, 147
Lneas de Francobordo, 15
Lneas de Profundidad, 123 M
Lneas Isobricas, 145
Lneas Isognicas, 123
lneas isobricas, 143
Liner, 3 M/M/M, 11
Links, 61 Mamparos de Colisin, 41
List, 109 Mamparos Estancos, 41
List of Lights, 123, 125 Madera de Estiba, 111
List of radio Signals, 123 Magellan, Ferdinand, 246, 304
Lista de Faros, 125 magistral, 129
Lista de Seales de Radio, 123 Magnetic Deviation, 137
Litera, 49, 87 Magnetic Variation, 137
llamada, 213 Main Deck, 31
llamada de rea, 195 Main Engine, 179
llamada inicial, 215 Main Frame, 25
Llamadas de Socorro, 213 Main Mast, 57
Llamas de St. Elmos, 149 Main Shaft, 185
Load Lines, 15 Main, Standard Synoptic Times, 145
Loaded Displacement, 13 Main, Weather, Upper Deck, 13
Loading Plan, 117 Make Both Anchors Ready To Let Go, 65
Localizacin, 197 make fast, 77
Localizador de Estrellas, 127 Making Way, 79, 163
Locating, 197, 220 Malla, 63
Locker, 45 Mmparo Anterior Al Cuarto de Mquinas, 40
Logbook, 97, 123, 129 Mmparo de Bodega, 40
Lonas, 107 Mmparo de Colision de Proa, 40
Long Range Communication Capability, 201, 220 Mmparo Posterior Al Cuarto de Mquinas, 40
Long Range Service, 199, 201, 220 Mamparos, 41
Longitud, 121 Man Holes, 39
Longitude, 121 Mandar, 75
Longitudinals, 39 Maneuverability, 161
Look Out, 129, 161 Maneuvering Board, 175
Loom, 155 Maneuvering Characteristics, 79
Low Pressure Air Line, 184 Manga, 9
Low Tide, 133 Mangueras, 55
Lubbers Line, 129 Manifiesto de Carga Peligrosa, 115
Lubricating Oil Cooler, 186 maniobra de recalada, 179
Lubricating Oil Tank, 182 Maniobra Para Evitar Abordaje, 161
Luces de Costado, 163 Maniobrabilidad, 161
Luces de Enfilacin, 131 Mantener Tensin, 75
Luces del Barco, 163 Map, 246, 306
Lumbreras, 55 MAP PROJECTIONS, 307
Luminous Range, 155 Mquina Principal, 179
Luna, 133 Mar de Travs, 129, 145
lunar eclipse, 137 Marca de Francobordo, 13
Luz Centellante, 165 marcaciones, 121, 131, 161, 175
Luz de Alcance, 163 Marcacin, 21
Luz de Destellos, 155 Marcacin Relativa, 21
Luz de Destellos Rpidos, 155 Marcas de Enfilacin, 131
Luz de Fondeo, 65 marcas de tope, 127
Luz de Isofase, 155 March equinox or first point of Aries, 135
Luz de Ocultacin, 155 Marea, 133
Luz de Remolque, 163 Marea Creciente, 129
Luz de Sectores, 155 Marea Favorable, 149
Luz de Tope, 163 Marea Vaciante, 129
Luz Fija, 155 Marejada, 145
Luz Todo Horizonte, 163 marine environment pollution prevention, 89
marineborne, 211, 220
Marinero de Agua Dulce, 83
Marinero Experimentado, 83
Marinero Ordinario, 83
N O
Oar, 97
Nacionalidad, 3
Objetivo, 171
Narrow Band Direct Printing Telegraphy, 197,
objetivo especfico, 103
220
Objetos Conspicuos, 127
narrow channels, 79
Objetos Prominentes, 129
Narrow Channels, 161
Obra Muerta, 33
Nationality, 3
Obra Viva, 33
Nautical Slide Rule, 127
ocaso, 133, 135
NAVAREAs, 207, 217, 218, 220
U i tzx4
And remember it doesnt matter if the
ship is new or old, big or small, fast
or slow a ship is just a ship.
So keep on going for the honor,
adventure and money.