Practical No.

01
Object: Demonstration and working of Spark Ignition engine.

Equipment required:

Demonstration unit of SI engine.

Two Stroke Spark Ignition Engine

Fig:1.1

1. Four Stroke Spark Ignition Engine

Fig:1.2
Theory:

The Spark Ignition Engines are those internal combustion engines which produce power by
means of a spark during power stroke. The purpose these engines are being manufactured widely
is that these are easy to manufacture are light weight possess high power and low maintenance
also these are eco friendly produce low pollution.

Types of Spark Ignition Engine

1. Two stroke spark ignition engine

In this engine all the four processes (Suction, Compression, Power, Exhaust) are
completed in two strokes i.e in one revolution of crankshaft.

Working principle
In two stroke spark ignition engine only two strokes take place to complete one cycle
1. Stroke is Compression along with it Suction takes place.
2. Stroke is Power along with it Exhaust takes place.

In this system opening and closing of valves is controlled by Piston.

2. Four stroke spark ignition engine

In this engine all the four processes (Suction, Compression, Power, Exhaust) are
completed in four strokes i.e in two revolution of crankshaft

Working principle
In four stroke spark ignition engine four separate strokes take place to complete one
cycle.
1. Suction, In this fresh air fuel mixture is sucked inside the cylinder by movement of
piston from TDC towards BDC.
2. Compression, In this air fuel mixture is compressed inside the cylinder by movement
of piston from BDC towards TDC.
3. Power, In this when piston is at 2/3 of cylinder a spark is introduced which ignites
the airfuel mixture and power is generated.
4. Exhaust, In this high pressure of expanding gasses move piston from TDC to BDC.

NOTE:

Two-stroke spark ignition engines produce 1.8 times more power than four-stroke
spark ignition engine, also these require very low parts and are also easy to
manufacture but require more cooling and lubrication and high maintenance and are
 not reliable for continuous long drives also produce high amount of pollution where
as 4-stroke spark ignition engines are high torque producing engines than 2-stroke
and are reliable for continuous long drives require less cooling and lubrication also
produce very low amount of pollution but these require a huge number of parts also
are difficult to manufacture and costly.

Fill in the blanks

1. Power is generated in spark ignition by means of a __________

2. Spark ignition engines are __________
3. There are __________ types of spark ignition engines names as __________
__________
4. 2-stroke spark ignition engines are more __________ producing.
5. 4-stroke spark ignition engines are more __________ producing.