* * * SOLUTIONS * * *

PROBLEM 1 of 6 (16 points) Answers without solution steps clearly shown will not be given any credit.

A block of mass m1 = 2 kg is placed on top of a block of mass m2 = 5 kg. The coefficient

of kinetic friction between m2 and the horizontal floor! is k = 0.2. The coefficient of static s
friction between the blocks is s. A horizontal force F is applied to m2. Take g = 10 m/s2. m1

k F
(a) (8 pts) Draw a free-body diagram for each block and find the magnitude of the force m2
!
F necessary to pull both blocks to the right with a common acceleration of 3 m/s2.
(b) (8 pts) Find the minimum value of s required to keep m1 from slipping over m2 under
the common acceleration of 3 m/s2.

(a) Free-body diagrams for the blocks are: F k FN 2 = F k ( m2 g + FN1 ) = F k ( m2 g + m1g )

FN1
fs
FN2 F k ( m2 g + m1g ) = ( m1 + m2 ) a
F
m1 m2

fs

fk F ( 0.2 ) ( 50 + 20 ) = ( 2 + 5) (3) F = 35 N

m g
1
FN1 m2g (b) fs = m1a fs,max = s FN1 = s m1g
Newtons second law for m1 and m2 in horizontal direction: 6
6 s ( 20 ) s = 0.3
fs = m1a 20

F fs fk = m2 a
Adding side by side
F fk = ( m1 + m2 ) a

PROBLEM 2 of 6 (17 points) Answers without solution steps clearly shown will not be given any credit.

A block of mass m1 lies on the floor of an elevator cab of mass m2

T
g
that is being pulled upward by a cable through a distance d.
During this displacement, if the normal force on the block from m2
the cabs floor has constant magnitude FN, how much work is
!
done on the elevator cab by the force T from the cable? Express m1
your answer in terms of m1, m2, FN, and d.

Free-body diagrams for the block and elevator cab are: ! F

( )
Wnet = W by T FN d m2 gd = m2 N g d
m1
T
FN
! F
m1
m2 ( )
W by T = FN d + m2 gd + m2 N g d
m1
m1
g
! m
m2
g
FN
( )
W by T = FN d 1 + 2
m1

Newtons second law for the block in vertical direction:

FN
FN m1g = m1a a = g
m1
The work-kinetic energy theorem for the cab is

Wnet = K = K f Ki =
1
2
(
m2 v 2f vi2 )
1 F
Wnet = m2 ( 2ad ) = m2 ad = m2 N g d
2 m1
! ! !
Wnet ( ) (
= W by T + W by FN + W ( by m2 g ) )

Phys 105 Second Midterm Examination Page 2 Saturday, 17-December-2016

 * * * SOLUTIONS * * *
PROBLEM 3 of 6 (14 points) Answers without solution steps clearly shown will not be given any credit.
!
At time t = 0, a particle of mass m = 2 kg starts from rest and moves in the xy plane under the action of a single constant force F .
In 4 s, the particle is displaced from the origin (x = 0, y = 0) to the point (x = 3 m, y = 4 m). What is the instantaneous power P(t = 2 s)
delivered by the force at time t = 2 s?

The position of the particle at any time t is Alternative solution:

! 1! From the work-kinetic energy theorem, the work done on the
r (t ) = at 2
2 particle at time t is

! 3 1 1 2 1 1
! 1! 2 W (t ) = K = mv (t ) = m ( at ) = ma 2t 2
2
r (t = 4 s) = 3i + 4 j = a ( 4 ) a = i + j m/s2
2 8 2 2 2 2
dW d 1 2 2
! ! 3 1 j = 3 i + j N P (t ) = = ma t = ma 2t
F = ma = ( 2 ) i + dt dt 2
8 2 4
3 2 1 2 9 1
! ! ! 3 j m/s P ( t = 2 s) = ( 2 ) + ( 2 ) = ( 2 ) + ( 2 )
v (t ) = at v (t = 2 s) = i + 64 4
4 8 2
! ! 3
P = F v (t = 2 s) = i + j 3 i + j = 9 +1 P = 25 W 25
P (t = 2 s) = ( 2 ) ( 2 ) P (t = 2 s) =
25
4 W
4 16 16 64 16

PROBLEM 4 of 6 (17 points) Answers without solution steps clearly shown will not be given any credit.

A massless spring of force constant k = 160 N/m is fixed at the top of a rough inclined
plane that makes an angle of 37 with the horizontal. The lower end of the inclined plane k
is 1.5 m from the free end of the relaxed spring. A block of mass m = 2 kg is then x = 0.5 m
pushed against the spring until the spring is compressed a distance x = 0.5 m. When m
g
released from rest, it is noted that the block reaches the lower end of the inclined plane k
1.5 m
with a speed of 6 m/s. Take g = 10 m/s2, cos 37 = 4/5, sin 37 = 3/5.
(a) (7 pts) What is the total work W done on the block by the time it reaches the lower 37
end of the inclined plane?
(b) (10 pts) What is the coefficient of kinetic friction k between the block and the
inclined plane?

(a) 1 2 1
mvB mgh kx 2 + k mg cos37d = 0
A 2 2
k
x = 0.5 m Solving for k, we find
m
g 1 1 2 1 2
1.5 m k
k = mvB + mgh + kx
B mg cos37d 2 2
h
37 where d = distance between A and B = 2 m and h = d sin 37 =
6/5 m. Substituting the known values, we have

1 1 6 1 1
2
( 2 ) ( 6 ) + ( 2 ) (10 ) + (160 )
2
From the work-kinetic energy theorem, we have k =
5 2 2
( 2 ) (10 ) ( 2 ) 2
4

1 2 5
W = K = K f Ki = K B K A = mvB
2
1
1 k = = 0.25
W = ( 2 ) ( 6 ) W = 36 J
2
4
2
(b) Let us choose the lowest end B of the inclined plane as the
reference point, with the gravitational potential energy Ug = 0.
Let us take the system to contain all the interacting bodies:
spring, inclined plane, block, and Earth. It is an isolated system
and the conservation of energy gives
Emec + Eth = 0 EB E A WAB ( by friction ) = 0

Phys 105 Second Midterm Examination Page 3 Saturday, 17-December-2016

 * * * SOLUTIONS * * *
PROBLEM 5 of 6 (18 points) Answers without solution steps clearly shown will not be given any credit.
A system consists of two particles A and B with masses mA = m and mB = 2m, respectively. The particle A is moving with constant
!
( ) !
(
velocity vA = 0.5i m/s . The velocity of the particle B varies with time according to vB (t ) = 2ti + 3 j m/s , where time t is in )
seconds.
!
(a) (9 pts) Find the acceleration acom of the center of mass of the system.
!
(b) (9 pts) In unit-vector notation, what is the displacement d of the center of mass of the system at time t = 3 s relative to its position
at time t = 0?

(a) The particles move with accelerations ! ! ! 1 14 2

! d = rcom (t = 3 s) rcom (t = 0 ) = i + 2 j (3) + i (3)
! ! dv (t ) 6 23
aA = 0 and aB = B = 2i m/s2 !
dt d = 6.5i + 6 j m
! F
!
acom = net =
!
mB aB
=
2m 2i ! ( )
4
acom = i m/s2
M mA + m/ B m + 2m 3

(b) The displacement of the center of mass in time t is

! ! ! 1!
rcom (t ) rcom (t = 0 ) = v0,comt + acomt 2
2

!
where v0,com =
! !
( )
mA vA + mB vB (t = 0 ) ( m ) 0.5i + ( 2m ) 3 j
=
( )
m A + mB m + 2m

! 1
v0,com = i + 2 j m)/s
6

PROBLEM 6 of 6 (18 points) Answers without solution steps clearly shown will not be given any credit.

A block of mass m1 starts from rest at the top of a frictionless

incline of height H. After sliding down the incline, the block m1
makes a smooth transition to a frictionless horizontal surface and g
undergoes a one-dimensional (head-on) elastic collision with a
stationary block of mass m2 (m2 > m1). H
(a) (12 pts) Find the maximum height h (above the horizontal) to m2
which m1 rises after the collision.
(b) (6 pts) Assume that the horizontal section of the track is long
enough to allow a second collision. What is the upper limit for
the mass m1 if it is to rebound from m2, slide up the incline, stop,
slide down the incline and collide with m2 again?

(a) The mechanical energy is conserved. It means that the The KE of m1 just after the collision must equal its gravitational
gravitational PE of m1 at the start must equal its KE before the PE at height h:
collision. If v1i is the speed just before collision, we have 2
1 1 2 1 m2 m1
1 2 m1gh = m1v12f h = v1 f = v1i
m1gH = mv1i v1i = 2gH 2 2g 2g m1 + m2
2
The momentum conservation: m1v1i = m1v1 f + m2 v2 f ..... (1)
2 2
1 m2 m1 m m1
( )
2
h= 2gH h= 2 H
2g m1 + m2 m1 + m2
Because the collision is elastic, the relative velocities before and
after the collision are equal and opposite, i.e., (b) Because the mechanical energy is conserved, m1 returns to the
v1i v1 f = v2 f .....( 2 ) level floor with speed v1 f . For a second collision to occur, m1
must be moving faster than m2. So we must have
Combining equations (1) and (2), we get
m2 m1 2m1
m m1 2m1 v1 f > v2 f v1i > v1i
v1 f = 2 v1i and v2 f = v1i m1 + m2 m1 + m2
m1 + m2 m1 + m2
m2
Instead of Eq. (2) one can use the conservation of kinetic energy. m2 m1 > 2m1 m1 <
3

Phys 105 Second Midterm Examination Page 4 Saturday, 17-December-2016