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NEBOSH International General Certificate Module 1 Summary
Government organizations
Enforcing Authorities
Professional institutions IOSH
World Health Organisation ILO
Suppliers and manufacturers.
Consultants and specialists.
Insurance companies and
workers unions.
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NEBOSH International General Certificate Module 1 Summary
Elements of HSG65 Health 2 Organization (WHO) - To The safety policy should be
identify H&S roles &
and Safety Management responsibilities and reporting
reviewed:
Systems: After:
lines within the company. This
Prosecutions
POP MR A involves Competence Control
Enforcement Action
Policy: Co-operation and
Compensation Claims
Sets out Health and Safety aims Communication
Review period expires
and objectives of the 3 Arrangements (WHAT) - Set
Professional Advise
organisation and Management out in detail the systems and
Accidents or Incidents.
commitment. procedures for implementing
Changes in:
Safety policy should be signed by the safety policy - for example
Organisation.
the most senior person in the safe systems of work.
Processes.
organisation because: Materials.
It shows management Issues included in Premises.
commitment. Organization: Legislation.
It gives the policy authority. Work patterns.
Clear roles and responsibilities
The person who signed it has Risk assessments.
for all health and safety
ultimate responsibility.
responsibilities allocated. Targets
Competence. From recruitment Important because:
Organisation: 5Cs through to staff transfers and They give evidence of
Clear roles and responsibilities. training. - KATE management commitment.
Competence. KATE Control. Policies, procedures, They motivate staff by giving
Control. (policies, procedures) auditing, supervision and them something to aim for.
Co-operation obtained through management involvement.
consultation. Allocating responsibilities
Communication. (Should flow in accountabilities, instruction,
Ineffective Health and Safety
all directions) supervision to achieve control of Policies
H&S. No commitment or leadership.
Planning and Cooperation. is assisted by No annual objectives.
consultation and demonstrates Health and safety not given
Implementation:
management commitment - enough priority.
Generate SMART objectives.
internally between individuals, Insufficient resources provided.
Identify hazards, assess risks and
groups, departments, including Personnel do not understand the
decide how risks can be
consultation with H&S reps and aims.
eliminated or controlled.
externally between clients Too much emphasis on employee
Set standards against which
suppliers and contractors. responsibility.
performance can be measured.
Communication. Needs to flow No measurement of
in all directions. Verbal, written, performance.
Measuring Performance Management unaware of their
visible, example
Used as a means of determining role.
the extent to which health and No training of management in
safety policy and objectives are
Issues included in
their responsibilities.
being implemented. It should Arrangements:
be both: Sets out in detail how the
Proactive. Safety performance requirements of the policy will be Employers responsibilities
measurements made before an met This will include procedures and towards Employees:
accident happens arrangements for planning, Provide safe plant and
Reactive. Safety performance organisation, control, monitoring and equipment.
measurements made on review. The procedures might Information, instruction, training
information resulting from include: and supervision (ITIS).
accidents and ill-health. Risk assessments. Safe place of work, access and
COSHH assessments Control of egress.
Reviewing Performance substances hazardous to health. Safe environment and welfare
Analysing data gathered through Safe systems of work. facilities.
monitoring to see whether Permits to work. Provide a Safety policy.
performance is adequate. Eectrical work, hotwork, Consult and inform employees.
confined spaces. Perform risk assessments.
Manual handling. Provide effective health and
Audit
Policies and procedures Fire, First safety management.
Systematic critical examination
aid Competent health and safety
of each stage of an
Training programmes. assistance.
organisations management
Maintenance of plant and Health surveillance.
systems and procedures.
equipment.
Housekeeping. Precautions for visitor safety
Components of Safety policy: Storage, transportation, handling. Signing in.
1 Statement of Intent (WHAT) Radiation, dust, noise, fumes. Providing identification badges.
- Demonstrates Managements PPE personal protective Providing personal protective
commitment to health and equipment. equipment.
safety and sets the H&S aims
and objectives
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NEBOSH International General Certificate Module 1 Summary
Site induction e.g. fire
precautions.
Escorting visitor to area of work.
Remain with visitor back to
reception area.
Signing out visitor and removing
badge.
Duties of Employees:
Protect themselves and others
from danger.
Co-operation with employer.
Not to interfere with anything
provided for safety.
Follow instructions and training
given.
Inform employer of dangers and
problems with health and
safety arrangements.
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NEBOSH International General Certificate Module 1 Summary
Requirements of Safety Carry out workplace inspections.
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NEBOSH International General Certificate Module 1 Summary
Maximize effectiveness of Communicating to employees
health and safety notice Additional health and safety and getting their commitment.
board: training
Increase in accidents or Employer should keep
Locate in a prominent area.
Dedicated to health and safety incidents. training records because:
only. Result of an accident Proof of employees competence.
Information displayed is relevant investigation. Identify when refresher training
and current. Dangerous occurrences. is needed.
Information in a neat orderly New processes or technology. Review effectiveness of training.
state. Job change. Assess progress against targets.
Make boards eye-catching Changes in working procedures. Provide evidence in
through colour and graphics. Changes in work patterns night investigations.
shift. Provide evidence in legal actions.
Promotion or reorganization.
Training should be given at New legislation. Competent persons
the following stages: Enforcement action.
A person shall be considered
On joining the organisation Results of inspections/audits.
competent when he has
(Induction training) Results of risk assessments.
sufficient knowledge, ability,
Before starting work (Job Insurance company
training and experience to
specific) requirements.
enable him to carry out the
At regular intervals (Refresher
tasks required of him and
training) Young persons training. knowledge of his own
Whenever work practice changes Young workers at risk because: limitations.
e.g. new material, new
Overenthusiastic. Factors to be considered:
technology, revision of systems No experience comparisons. Evidence of qualifications.
of work.
More likely to take risks. Level of training.
Before moving to a new job. Open to influence and peer Membership of professional
group pressure. organisation.
Induction Training is Body not fully developed. Undertaking of written or
important because: practical assessments.
Establishes a safety culture. Precautions for young References or
Shows management workers should include: recommendations.
commitment. Provisions of suitable work
Identifies responsibilities. What is a risk assessment
equipment.
Identifies hazards and Organisation of work processes. A risk assessment is a careful
precautions.
Health and safety training. examination of what hazards
Employee made aware of Mentoring. are in the work place and what
hazards.
Supervision. precautions should be put in
Imparts knowledge. Limited working hours. place to prevent harm.
Employees recognize and report
hazards.
Sets the scene for future
Benefits of training. Steps in the risk assessment
Employee Employer process
performance.
Less suffering. Less accidents.
1. Identify the hazards.
Quality of life. Less absenteeism.
Induction training Job satisfaction. Less claims and Workplace inspections.
premiums. Talking to the workforce.
programme Achieve standard. Less legal issues. Non-inspection techniques.
Management commitment to Flexibility of staff. Improve morale. Break down the job into tasks
safety. Improve safety attitude. Greater and evaluate each task to
Company safety policy. productivity.
identify hazards.
Consultative procedures. Improve efficiency.
Examination of documents.
Role of safety representatives.
Manufacturers data, material
Emergency procedures. Consideration for training safety data, legislation, codes
First aid arrangements. session of practice.
Welfare and amenity provisions. What employees need to know Combined techniques.
Specific hazards. and what they do already know Analysing the results of
Health surveillance procedures. gap analysis. safety audits.
How to report accidents. Types of training already Accident and ill-health data.
PPE. received. Monitoring accident statistics
Drugs and alcohol policy. Employees responsibilities. and investigation and ill-
Activities carried out. health complaints to identify
Job specific training Risks associated with activities. the causes and then
programme Actions required by employees. determining the hazards from
Safe system of work, permit to Different requirements for the results.
work. various staff. Near miss reports.
Equipment training. Numbers involved.
PPE training. Resources needed. 2. Decide who may be
Fire training. Competence of trainers. harmed and how.
Safety inspections. What are the hazards.
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NEBOSH International General Certificate Module 1 Summary
How likely are they to occur.
Consequences.
Number of employees exposed.
Methods of identifying
Frequency and duration of the hazards
exposure. Sources and forms of harm can
Effects of the exposure. be identified via:
Competence. Workplace inspection.
Existing controls. (Proactive)
Example: - risk to pregnant Job task analysis. (Proactive)
women. Manufacturers information.
Exposure to chemicals. (Proactive)
Lead. Risk assessment. (Proactive)
Biological exposure. Accident incident data.
Ionizing radiation. (Reactive)
Extremes of temperature.
Ergonomic issues like
prolonged standing.
Stress.
PPE
Severity:
1. Minor injury no time
off.
2. Minor injury 3 days off
work.
3. Injury, non-disabling
illness, over 3 days off
work.
4. Major disabling injury.
5. Fatality.
1 7 = low risk.
8-15 = medium risk.
16 25 = high risk.
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NEBOSH International General Certificate Module 1 Summary
Lack of knowledge, ability, there a safer alternative? e.g.
training and experience reduce the risk of injury by
Identifying hazards for
(KATE). using low voltage tools.
different states of operation Body not fully developed. Isolate Can the hazard be
Complex activities should be More likely to take risks. enclosed or contained. e.g.
broken down into component More likely to respond to peer Guard on a dangerous part of a
parts. pressure. machine.
Installation. Overenthusiastic. Control Limiting the time or
Normal operation. Control measures for young frequency of the exposure.
Cleaning. persons: PPE Can something be
Adjusting. Induction training. provided to reduce the injury in
Breakdown maintenance. Close supervision. case of accident. E.g. Issuing
Dismantling. Mentoring. safety helmets or boots.
Clear lines of communication. Discipline Ensuring that the
Types of hazards to look for. Restrictions on type of work. procedures and rules are being
Mechanical hazards. Restriction of working hours. followed and taking action if
Electrical hazards. not.
Thermal hazards. Lone working
Noise and vibration hazards. Employer has a duty of care to Safe system of work = A
Radiation hazards. persons working alone without
Toxic materials.
system of doing the work in
close or direct supervision:
Ergonomic design hazards. Single persons working on
the safest way practicable by
the premises. performing a task analysis to
Competence of risk Persons working separately identify the hazards likely to
assessors. from the others. be present and creating
A combination of knowledge, Persons working outside
procedures including the
ability, training and experience normal working hours.
Mobile workers working away precautions necessary to
(KATE)and personal qualities.
Knowledge of own limitations. from their normal base. avoid or minimize the health
A thorough understanding of the and safety risks.
processes and procedures Lone working risk
involved. assessment When is a safe system
Good communication skills. Should take into account the needed
following: A safe system of work is needed
Suitable and sufficient Does the workplace present any when the hazards cannot be
assessment special risks. physically eliminated.
The risk assessment will be Is there safe access and egress. Cleaning and maintenance
suitable and sufficient if: Does the task present any operations.
The detail in the risk assessment special risks. Changes to work layouts,
is proportionate to the level of Is there a risk of violence. materials etc.
risk. Are women especially at risk. Employees working away
All aspects of the work activity Are young workers especially at from base/alone.
must be reviewed taking into risk. Breakdown emergencies.
account the way the work is Does the worker have any Contractors on your
organized: special medical conditions. premises.
All of the significant hazards and Is the lone working likely to Loading, unloading and
risks must be identified. impose any additional physical movement of vehicles.
The risks have been evaluated. or mental burdens on the
worker.
Employees and others at risk 5 Steps of the safe system of
must be identified.
Lone worker controls work
Suitable control measures must
1. Assess the task.
be identified. Training.
Materials.
The control measures must be Supervision.
Equipment.
appropriate to the nature of the Monitoring.
Environment.
work. Periodic visits.
People involved.
The residual risk must be low. Regular contact using telephone
Purpose of the task.
Priorities have been set. or radios.
Work methods.
Takes account of non-routine Automatic or manual warning
Legal requirements.
operations. devices.
Standards.
Staff undertaking the risk
Existing controls.
assessment are competent. Hierarchy of control 2. Identify the hazards.
Risk assessment is valid for a
measures Working at height.
reasonable amount of time.
ERICPD Working below ground.
Eliminate can the hazard be Machinery.
removed completely. E.g. Electricity.
Remove the trailing cable. Vehicles.
Young persons Reduce Can the risk be Chemical hazards.
Young persons at greater risk reduced at the source or is Environment.
because: 3. Define safe method.
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NEBOSH International General Certificate Module 1 Summary
4. Implement the safe Reasons why employees may Workplace emergencies
system.
5. Monitor the safe system. not to wear PPE and Arrangements to be considered
when developing an
Reasons PPE should be a last
Emergency Response Plan:
Designing a safe system by resort. Type of emergency fire,
Poor selection or fit.
considering MEEP hazardous chemical
Lack of comfort. spillage, bomb, flood,
Materials. Raw, unfinished,
Incompatibility with other PPE. earthquake, tsunami.
disposal
Fails to danger. Emergency services contact
Equipment and machinery.
Contamination. and response times.
Design specification,
Misuse or non-use. Appoint persons to deal with
ergonomics.
Relies on action being taken by emergency.
Environment. light heat noise,
the user. Communication systems.
space
May create additional hazards. First aid and medical
People. Behavior, knowledge,
Difficulty in obtaining equipment. facilities.
skills.
Relies on management Evacuation procedures.
commitment. Effects on surrounding
3 forms of workplace controls
community.
1. Technical.
Post emergency action e.g.
Equipment design e.g.
media, repair, investigation.
guarding.
Selection of PPE Emergency procedure should be
Access egress wide aisles.
Identify the hazard. practiced so that weaknesses
Materials choice of
Choose type of equipment. in the system are highlighted
packaging to make
Compliance with standards. and corrected.
handling easier.
Comfort.
Environment Local
Compatibility.
exhaust ventilation.
Costs.
2. Procedural.
Replacement. Reasons for monitoring
Policy and standards.
Training needs.
Procedures and rules. Identify sub-standard health and
Hygiene problems.
Permit to work. safety practices.
Supervision.
Purchasing control buy Identify trends and patterns.
Storage.
good quality. Compare actual performance
Emergency preparedness. against targets.
3. Behavioral. Training in the use of PPE Useful in benchmarking.
Supervision. Legal and organizational Identify use and effectiveness of
Health surveillance. requirements. control measures.
Competence. KATE Consequences of not wearing it. Make decisions on suitable
Motivation. Protection offered. remedial measures.
Communication. Limitations of the PPE. Set priorities and establish
Perception. Compatibility with other types of realistic timescales.
PPE. Assess compliance with legal
Correct usage. requirements.
Permit to work = A permit to
How to keep it clean. Provide information to board,
work is a formal written Correct storage arrangements. committees etc.
system used to control When and how to replace.
certain types of potentially Types of monitoring
hazardous work. Main purposes of First aid Reactive monitoring.
Work requiring permits: Preserve life. Examining accident figures.
Confined spaces. Prevent deterioration. Claims records.
Hot work and cold work. Promote recovery. Other reactive monitoring
Electrical. methods such as number of
defects reported following
Assessment of first aid needs
Design of permit to work safety inspection,
checklist enforcement action against
system Size of the organisation. company, prosecutions, legal
1. Job location/plant Nature and distribution of the mandates or court orders.
identification. workforce.
2. Description of work. Nature of the work.
3. Time limits. Proactive monitoring.
Types of hazards and risks. Safety audit A systematic,
4. Description of hazards.
5. Tests and checks prior to Past accident injury types. critical assessment of each
work commencing. Remoteness of emergency aspect of the health and
6. Further precautions. services. safety management system
7. Authorization. Travelling, remote and lone and procedures.
8. Acceptance. workers. Lengthy process carried out
9. Time extensions/Shift Need to train personnel in special by a trained auditor, either
change procedures. procedures.
10. Hand back. internal or external.
Need to cover absence of first The aim is to identify the
11. Cancellation.
aiders. strengths and weaknesses
All signatures must be legible.
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NEBOSH International General Certificate Module 1 Summary
of the health and safety Safety inspection checklist
management system Housekeeping. External audits
A structured way of assessing Electrical safety. Disadvantages:
the health and safety Provision and use of PPE. Require more time to arrange.
performance that makes Use and storage of hazardous Higher cost to the organisation.
use of a scoring system so substances. Employees may feel threatened.
that improvements can be Manual handling. Advantages:
measured. Traffic routes. Auditor will be completely
Safety inspections The Machinery. independent and unbiased.
straight forward Internal transport. The auditor will ask questions
observation of a workplace, Emergency equipment. and will not make assumptions.
activities and equipment. Welfare facilities. More weight may be given to
Usually carried out by the Systems of work. their conclusions.
manager, employee Working environment.
representative and safety
advisor.
Initial actions to be taken
Strengths of using a checklist following a major injury
Often aided by the use of a
checklist. to complete Health and accident at work
The aim is to identify hazards safety inspections Make sure the area is safe to
and assess the use and Enables prior preparation and enter before entering as there
effectiveness of the control planning. could be hazards surrounding
measures. More structured and systematic. the accident scene.
May be carried out routinely Prevents issues from being Call the first aiders to attend to
Safety surveys focusing on overlooked. the injured person.
particular activities and may Ensure a consistent approach. Call for an ambulance if needed.
be carried out by a specialist. Immediate record available. Secure the area by barricading to
Safety tours unscheduled, Easy method for comparison and prevent unwanted people from
less formal workplace audit. entering.
inspections are carried out to Preserve the evidence.
check on issues such as Weakness of using a Identify witnesses.
housekeeping or the use of Collect evidence like taking
checklist to complete Health
PPE. photographs or take sketches
Safety sampling Targeting and safety inspections
of the accident scene.
specific areas. Inflexible approach.
Notify the authorities as per legal
Benchmarking Where an Not reviewed or updated to
requirements.
organisations performance in account for changes.
certain areas is compared Inspections become routine and
no follow-up questions asked.
Aims of accident
with those of similar
No scope for secondary issues to investigation
organisation.
be considered. Determine the cause of an
Health surveillance -
Incompetent person conducting accident.
Providing periodic health
the inspection. Identify weaknesses in the
checks before symptoms
Inspection procedure leading to management system.
appear
human error or abuse. Identify weaknesses in the risk
Performance review Did
assessment.
the organisation:
Demonstrate management
Achieve its health and Pre-audit preparation
commitment.
safety objectives. procedure Comply with legal requirements.
Implement effective control Setting audit objectives. Collect data to establish trends
measures. Selecting the audit team. which can be used to prevent
Ensure the effectiveness of Contact with the organisation future business losses.
training, communication being audited. Provide information for
and consulting Undertaking the audit. Civil/Criminal actions.
programmes. Draw conclusions. Provide information to insurance
Learn from management Report and presentation. company.
system failures. Action by the organisation.
Meet legal standards.
Reduce the risk of accidents Immediate and longer term
Internal audits
and ill-health. action after an accident
Advantages:
First aid for injured party.
Easier to arrange.
Limitations of safety Lower cost to the organisation.
Calling for medical assistance if
inspection necessary.
Employees may not feel so
Isolation of the accident scene.
It is only a snapshot in time. threatened.
Report to relevant enforcing
Some hazards may not be Disadvantages:
authority if necessary.
visible. Could be influenced by internal
Identify witnesses.
Some hazards may not be relationships.
Set up investigating team.
present at the time of the Conclusions may not be taken
Full investigation to determine
inspection. seriously.
root cause. Make
Unsafe practices may not occur The auditor may make
recommendations.
during the inspection. assumptions.
Implement corrective action.
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NEBOSH International General Certificate Module 1 Summary
Documents: Highest priority risk control
Preparation before Risk assessments. measures implemented
Safe systems of work. first.
investigation
Incident/accident history. Prioritize the order of
Who should be involved and the
Training records. control measures to be
depth of the investigation.
Maintenance records. implemented.
Accident scene preserved.
Equipment instructions. A senior manager
Gather relevant existing
Monitoring records dust, nominated to be in charge
documents.
noise. of the implementation.
Identifying the witnesses.
Supervision quotas.
Have legal requirements been
Inspection reports.
met. Reasons for reporting
Pre-start equipment
Any equipment needed. Method
checks. accidents
to be adopted. Implement initial controls.
Style of report and recipients. Monitoring health and safety
2. Analyse the information
What happened and why. performance.
Investigation team Analysis should determine: Starting point for investigation.
Line manager has knowledge Immediate/direct causes. To comply with legal
of the processes involved. Root/underlying causes. requirements.
Supervisor has knowledge of To prevent reoccurrences and
the process. 3. Identify the risk control further injuries/losses.
Safety representative has measures possible To provide information for any
legal right. solutions to be identified. subsequent claim.
Safety practitioner to advise The analysis may have Review of risk assessments.
on health and safety identified that no control
implications. measures in place. Accident data can:
Engineer to advise on Control measures in place Show trends and patterns.
technical matters. but not used. Identify weaknesses in
Senior manager from a Combinations of both. procedures and policies.
different department to be Measures should be Prioritize safety measures.
unbiased. evaluated for: Identify areas that require
The effectiveness of the improvement.
Undertaking accident control measures. Set targets for reduction.
investigation Are the control measures
1. Gather the information practical. Employees can be
Where, When, Who, What, Will the control measures
discouraged from reporting
Why. be used.
Will the control measures
accidents because:
MEEP Materials,
remain effective. Ignorance of procedures.
Equipment, Environment,
Peer pressure.
People.
4. Take action should have Retribution by management.
Nature of work.
SMART objectives. Preservation of the departments
Specialist examinations.
Involves senior safety record.
Medical reports.
management. Over-complicated response to
Interviews and witness
reports.
statements.
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