Tugas besar TPAM dan SPAM Kecamatan Pekanbaru Kota

Tahun 2016/2017
DAFTAR ISI

LEMBAR PENGESAHAN
KATA PENGANTAR
..........................................................................................................................
i
DAFTAR ISI
..........................................................................................................................
ii
DAFTAR TABEL
..........................................................................................................................
iv
DAFTAR GAMBAR
..........................................................................................................................
vi
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN
..........................................................................................................................
vii
BAB I PENDAHULUAN
..........................................................................................................................
I-1
1.1 Latar Belakang
...........................................................................................................
I-1
1.2 Maksud dan Tujuan
...........................................................................................................
I-1
1.3 Ruang Lingkup
...........................................................................................................
I-1
BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA
..........................................................................................................................
II-1
2.1 Umum
II-1
2.2 Sumber Air
II-3
2.3 Metode Penentuan Kebutuhan Air
II-5
2.3.1 Metode Perhitungan Proyeksi Penduduk
..............................................................................................
II-5
2.3.2 Kebutuhan Air
..............................................................................................
II-8
2.3.3 Fluktuasi Kebutuhan Air
..............................................................................................
II-11

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Tugas besar TPAM dan SPAM Kecamatan Pekanbaru Kota
Tahun 2016/2017
2.4 Perencanaan Teknik Penyediaan Air Minum
II-12
2.4.1 Sumber Air
..............................................................................................
II-12
2.4.2 Sistem Transmisi
..............................................................................................
II-12
2.4.3 Sistem Distribusi
..............................................................................................
II-21
2.4.4 Bangunan Penangkap Air
..............................................................................................
II-25
2.4.4.1 Perpipaan Distribusi
................................................................................
II-24
2.4.4.2 Reservoir Distribusi
................................................................................
II-27
2.5 Perencanaan Bangunan Pengolahan Air Minum
II-28
2.5.1 Bangunan Penangkap
..............................................................................................
II-28
2.5.2 Unit Pengolahan
..............................................................................................
II-30
2.5.2.1 Prasedimentasi
................................................................................
II-30
2.5.2.2 Koagulasi
................................................................................
II-33
2.5.2.3 Flokulasi Pengaduk Lambat
...............................................................................
II-37
2.5.2.4 Sedimentasi
................................................................................
II-39
2.5.2.5 Filtrasi
................................................................................
II-41
2.5.2.6 Desinfeksi
................................................................................
II-44
BAB III GAMBARAN UMUM WILAYAH STUDI
III-1

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Tugas besar TPAM dan SPAM Kecamatan Pekanbaru Kota
Tahun 2016/2017
3.1 Umum
III-1
3.2 Topografi, Hidrologi dan Geologi
III-1
3.3 Aspek Sosial dan Ekonomi
III-1
3.3.1 Tata Guna Lahan
..............................................................................................
III-1
3.3.2 Demografi
..............................................................................................
III-1
3.3.2.1 Jumlah Penduduk
..................................................................................
III-1
3.3.2.2 Mata Pencaharian
..................................................................................
III-2
3.3.2.3 Jenis Pemukiman
..................................................................................
III-2
3.3.3 Fasilitas Perkotaan
..............................................................................................
III-2
BAB IV RENCANA SISTEM PENYEDIAAN AIR MINUM
IV-1
4.1 Umum
IV-1
4.2 Proyeksi Jumlah Penduduk
IV-1
4.2.1 Metode Proyeksi Aritmatika/Linier
..............................................................................................
IV-3
4.2.2 Metode Proyeksi Logaritma
..............................................................................................
IV-6
4.2.3 Metode Proyeksi Eksponensial
..............................................................................................
IV-9
4.2.4 Metode Proyeksi Geometri
..............................................................................................
IV-12
4.2.5 Perbandingan Proyeksi Penduduk Kecamatan Marpoyan
Damai
..............................................................................................
IV-14
4.3 Perhitungan Kebutuhan Air
IV-17
4.3.1 Kebutuhan Air Domestik
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Tugas besar TPAM dan SPAM Kecamatan Pekanbaru Kota
Tahun 2016/2017
..............................................................................................
IV-19
4.3.2 Kebutuhan Air Nonm Domestik
..............................................................................................
IV-20
4.3.3 Kehilangan Air
..............................................................................................
IV-26
4.3.4 Hidran Kebakaran
..............................................................................................
IV-26
4.4 Fluktuasi Pemakaian Air
IV-27
4.4.1 Perhitungan Kebutuhan Maksimum
..............................................................................................
IV-27
4.4.2 Perhitungan Kebutuhan Puncak
..............................................................................................
IV-27
4.4.3 Kehilangan Air
..............................................................................................
IV-26
4.4.4 Hidran Kebakaran
..............................................................................................
IV-26
4.5 Pemilihan Sumber Air Baku
IV-29
4.6 Pemilihan Alternatif Pengolahan
IV-29
4.6.1 Alternatif 1
..............................................................................................
IV-31
4.6.2 Alternatif 2
..............................................................................................
IV-32
4.6.3 Alternatif Terpilih
..............................................................................................
IV-36
4.7 Sistem Transmisi
IV-40
4.7.1 Bangunan Penangkap
..............................................................................................
IV-40
4.7.1.1 Prasedimentasi
...............................................................................
II-30
4.7.1.2 Koagulasi
...........................................
II-33

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Tugas besar TPAM dan SPAM Kecamatan Pekanbaru Kota
Tahun 2016/2017
4.7.1.3 Flokulasi Pengaduk
Lambat
...........................................
II-37
4.7.1.4 Sedimentasi
...........................................
II-39
4.7.1.5 Filtrasi
...........................................
II-41

4.7.2
Pemilihan Jalur Transmisi
..............................................................................................
IV-17
4.7.3 Perletakan dan Perlengkapan Pipa
..............................................................................................
IV-21
4.7.4 Perhitungan
..............................................................................................
IV-21
4.8 Sistem Distribusi
IV-24
4.8.1 Reservoar
..............................................................................................
IV-24
4.8.1.1 Perhitungan Kapasitas Reservoar
..................................................................................
IV-24
4.8.1.2 Dimensi Reservoar
..................................................................................
IV-25
4.8.2 Perhitungan Perpipaan Distribusi
..............................................................................................
IV-26
4.8.2.1 Perhitungan Blok Pelayanan dan Jumlah Penduduk
Terpilih
..................................................................................
IV-27
4.8.2.2 Perhitungan Kebutuhan Air Domestik Daerah
Pelayanan
..................................................................................
IV-28
4.8.2.3 Perhitungan Kebutuhan Air Non Domestik Daerah
Pelayanan
..................................................................................
IV-29
4.8.2.4 Rekapitulasi Kebutuhan Total Air dan Kebutuhan
Puncak Daerah Pelayanan

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Tugas besar TPAM dan SPAM Kecamatan Pekanbaru Kota
Tahun 2016/2017
..................................................................................
IV-38
4.8.2.5 Perhitungan Perpipaan Distribusi
..................................................................................
IV-39
BAB V DETAIL JUNCTION DAN RENCANA PENANAMAN PIPA
V-1
5.1 Detail Junction
..........................................................................................................
V-1
5.2 Rencana Penanaman Pipa
V-4
BAB VI RENCANA DETAIL BANGUNAN PENGOLAHAN AIR
MINUM
..........................................................................................................
VI-1
6.1 Intake
............................................................................................................
VI-8
6.2 Pra Sedimentasi
............................................................................................................
VI-16
6.3 Koagulasi
............................................................................................................
VI-29
6.4 Flokulasi
............................................................................................................
VI-33
6.5 Sedimentasi
............................................................................................................
VI-38
6.6 Filtrasi
............................................................................................................
VI-49
6.7 Desinfeksi
............................................................................................................
VI-64
6.8 Reservoar
............................................................................................................
VI-67
6.9 Profil Hidrolis
............................................................................................................
VI-71
BAB VII PENUTUP
..........................................................................................................
VII-1
7.1 Kesimpulan
............................................................................................................
VII-1

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Tugas besar TPAM dan SPAM Kecamatan Pekanbaru Kota
Tahun 2016/2017
7.2 Saran
............................................................................................................
VII-4
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
LAMPIRAN

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Tugas besar TPAM dan SPAM Kecamatan Pekanbaru Kota
Tahun 2016/2017
DAFTAR TABEL

Tabel 2.1 Standar Kebutuhan Air Domestik

.....................................................................................................
II-8
Tabel 2.2 Kebutuhahn Air Non Domestik
.....................................................................................................
II-9
Tabel 2.3 Kategori Kebutuhan Air Non Domestik
.....................................................................................................
II-9
Tabel 2.4 Kriteria Design Unit Prasedimentasi
.....................................................................................................
II-33
Tabel 2.5 Kriteria Design Unit Koagulasi
.....................................................................................................
II-36
Tabel 2.6 Kriteria Design Unit Flokulasi
.....................................................................................................
II-39
Tabel 2.7 Kriteria Design Unit Sedimentasi
.....................................................................................................
II-40
Tabel 2.8 Kriteria Design Unit Inlet dan Outlet
.....................................................................................................
II-40
Tabel 2.9 Kriteria Design Saringan PAsir Cepat dan Saringan Pasir
Lambat
.....................................................................................................
II-44
Tabel 2.10 Kriteria Design Ca(OCl)2
.....................................................................................................
II-45
Tabel 3.1 Tata Guna Lahan Kecamatan marpoyan Damai 2016
III-1
Tabel 3.2 Jumlah Penduduk Kecamatan marpoyan Damai Tahun 2007-
2016
.....................................................................................................
III-2
Tabel 3.3 Jenis Mata Pencaharian Penduduk Kecamatan marpoyan
Damai
.....................................................................................................
III-2
Tabel 3.4 Jenis-Jenis Pemukiman Penduduk Kecamatan marpoyan
Damai 2016
.....................................................................................................
III-2
Tabel 3.5 Fasilitas Perkotaan Kecamatan marpoyan Damai 2016

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Tugas besar TPAM dan SPAM Kecamatan Pekanbaru Kota
Tahun 2016/2017
.....................................................................................................
III-3
Tabel 4.1 Perbandingan Metode Proyeksi Jumlah Penduduk
.....................................................................................................
IV-2
Tabel 4.2 Proyeksi Jumlah Penduduk ddengan Metode Logaritma
.....................................................................................................
IV-6
Tabel 4.3 Proyeksi Jumlah Penduduk ddengan Metode Eksponensial
.....................................................................................................
IV-10
Tabel 4.4 Proyeksi Penduduk dengan Metode Geometri
.....................................................................................................
IV-12
Tabel 4.5 Perbandingan Proyeksi Penduduk Kecamatan Marpoyan
Damai Tahun 2007-2036
.....................................................................................................
IV-14
Tabel 4.6 Perbandingan Metode Proyeksi Jumlah Penduduk
.....................................................................................................
IV-15
Tabel 4.7 Hasil Proyeksi Penduduk dengan Metode Terpilih
.....................................................................................................
IV-16
Tabel 4.8 Kriteria Perencanaan Sistem Penyediaan Air Minum
.....................................................................................................
IV-18
Tabel 4.9 Standar Pemakaian Air Kecamatan Marpoyan Damai
.....................................................................................................
IV-19
Tabel 4.10 Kebutuhan Air untuk Sarana Pendidikan (2017-2036)
.....................................................................................................
IV-20
Tabel 4.11 Kebutuhan Air untuk Sarana Peribadatan (2017-2036)
.....................................................................................................
IV-21
Tabel 4.12 Kebutuhan Air untuk Sarana Kesehatan (2017-2036)
.....................................................................................................
IV-22
Tabel 4.13 Kebutuhan Air untuk Sarana Industri (2017-2036)
.....................................................................................................
IV-24
Tabel 4.14 Kebutuhan Air untuk Sarana Perdagangan (2017-2036)
.....................................................................................................
IV-24
Tabel 4.15 Kebutuhan Air untuk Sarana Perkantoran (2017-2036)
.....................................................................................................
IV-25
.....................................................................................................
Tabel 4.16 Kebutuhan Air untuk Sarana Lainnya (2017-2036)
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Tugas besar TPAM dan SPAM Kecamatan Pekanbaru Kota
Tahun 2016/2017
.....................................................................................................
IV-25
Tabel 4.17 Rekapitulasi Kebutuhan Air Kecamatan Marpoyan Damai
Selama Tahun Desain
.....................................................................................................
IV-27
Tabel 4.18 Rekapitulasi Qmd dan Qp
.....................................................................................................
IV-28
Tabel 4.19 Proyeksi Kebutuhan Air BErsih Selama Periode Desain
.....................................................................................................
IV-28
Tabel 4.20 Karakteristik Kualitas Air Baku dan Standar Baku Mutu Air
Minum
.....................................................................................................
IV-30
Tabel 4.21 Alternatif Perencanaan Pengolahan Air Minum Berdasarkan
Parameternya
.....................................................................................................
IV-30
Tabel 4.22 Efisiensi Removal Tiap Unit Pengolahan
.....................................................................................................
IV-30
Tabel 4.23 Efisiensi Removal Pada Alternatif 2
.....................................................................................................
IV-35
Tabel 4.24 Persebaran Fasilitas Kota Enviro
.....................................................................................................
IV-30
Tabel 4.25 Rekapitulasi Kebutuhan Air Non Domestik pada Fasilitas Blok
A
.....................................................................................................
IV-32
Tabel 4.26 Rekapitulasi Kebutuhan Air Non Domestik pada Fasilitas Blok
B
.....................................................................................................
IV-33
Tabel 4.27 Rekapitulasi Kebutuhan Air Non Domestik pada Fasilitas Blok
C
.....................................................................................................
IV-34
Tabel 4.28 Rekapitulasi Kebutuhan Air Non Domestik pada Fasilitas Blok
D
.....................................................................................................
IV-35
Tabel 4.29 Rekapitulasi Kebutuhan Air Non Domestik pada Fasilitas Blok
E
.....................................................................................................
IV-37

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Tugas besar TPAM dan SPAM Kecamatan Pekanbaru Kota
Tahun 2016/2017
Tabel 4.30 Rekapitulasi Kebutuhan Total Air dan Kebutuhan Puncak Kota
Enviro
.....................................................................................................
IV-38
Tabel 4.31 Detail Junction Jalur Distribusi Program EPANET 2.0
.....................................................................................................
IV-41
Tabel 4.32 Detail Junction Jalur Distribusi Program EPANET 2.0
.....................................................................................................
IV-41
Tabel 4.33 Detail Junction Jalur Distribusi Program EPANET 2.0
.....................................................................................................
IV-42
Tabel 4.34 Detail Junction Jalur Distribusi Program EPANET 2.0
.....................................................................................................
IV-42
Tabel 5.1 Detail Junction
.....................................................................................................
V-1
Tabel 5.2 Kedalaman Instalasi Pipa
.....................................................................................................
V-5
Tabel 6.1 Data Tugas Perencanaan TPAM 2015
.....................................................................................................
VI-5
Tabel 6.2 Perhitungan Saluran Pembawa
.....................................................................................................
VI-7
Tabel 6.3 Perhitungan Intake
.....................................................................................................
VI-10
Tabel 6.4 Perhitungan Pompa Penguras Intake
.....................................................................................................
VI-13
Tabel 6.5 Pipa Tekan Penguras
.....................................................................................................
VI-14
Tabel 6.6 Perhitungan Sistem Transmisi
.....................................................................................................
VI-15
Tabel 6.7 Perhitungan Prasedimentasi
.....................................................................................................
VI-17
Tabel 6.8 Perhitungan Dimensi Inlet
.....................................................................................................
VI-20
Tabel 6.9 Perhitungan Dimensi Ruang Lumpur
.....................................................................................................
VI-24
Tabel 6.10 Perhitungan Dimensi Outlet
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Tugas besar TPAM dan SPAM Kecamatan Pekanbaru Kota
Tahun 2016/2017
.....................................................................................................
VI-26
Tabel 6.11 Perhitungan Dimensi Bak Koagulasi
.....................................................................................................
VI-30
Tabel 6.12 Perhitungan Koagulan
.....................................................................................................
VI-32
Tabel 6.13 Perhitungan Bak Flokulasi
.....................................................................................................
VI-35
Tabel 6.14 Perhitungan Bak Sedimentasi
.....................................................................................................
VI-39
Tabel 6.15 Perhitungan Ruang Lumpur
.....................................................................................................
VI-41
Tabel 6.16 Perhitungan Inlet
.....................................................................................................
VI-42
Tabel 6.17 Perhitungan Outlet
.....................................................................................................
VI-46
Tabel 6.18 Perhitungan Filtrasi
.....................................................................................................
VI-50
Tabel 6.19 Perhitungan Desinfeksi
.....................................................................................................
VI-64
Tabel 6.20 Perhitungan Diameter Pipa Reservoar
.....................................................................................................
VI-69

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Tugas besar TPAM dan SPAM Kecamatan Pekanbaru Kota
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DAFTAR GAMBAR

Gambar 2.1 Bangunan Pelepas Tekanan

...................................................................................................
II-15
Gambar 2.2 Jaringan Transmisi dengan BPT
...................................................................................................
II-15
Gambar 2.3 Katup Udara
...................................................................................................
II-16
Gambar 2.4 Jembatan Pipa
...................................................................................................
II-16
Gambar 2.5 Check Valve
...................................................................................................
II-17
Gambar 2.6 Check Valve dalam Sistem Transmisi
...................................................................................................
II-17
Gambar 2.7 Gate Valve
...................................................................................................
II-17
Gambar 2.8 Gate Valve
...................................................................................................
II-18
Gambar 2.9 Joint, Reducer, Tee
...................................................................................................
II-18
Gambar 2.10 Lokasi Penggunaan Thrust
...................................................................................................
II-19
Gambar 2.11 Sistem Perpipaan Pola Loop
...................................................................................................
II-23
Gambar 2.12 Sistem Perpiaan Distribusi Pola Cabang
...................................................................................................
II-24
Gambar 2.13 Sistem Perpipaan Distribusi Pola Kombinasi
...................................................................................................
II-24
Gambar 2.14 River Intake
...................................................................................................
II-26
Gambar 2.15 Prasedimentasi
...................................................................................................
II-31
Gambar 2.16 Grafik Proyeksi Jumlah Penduduk dengan Metode Aritmatika
...................................................................................................
IV-4
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Tugas besar TPAM dan SPAM Kecamatan Pekanbaru Kota
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Gambar 4.1 Grafik Proyeksi Jumlah Penduduk dengan Metode Terpilih
...................................................................................................
IV-6
Gambar 4.2 Grafik Proyeksi Jumlah Penduduk dengan Metode Logaritma
...................................................................................................
IV-7
Gambar 4.3 Grafik Proyeksi Jumlah penduduk dengan Metode
Eksponensial
...................................................................................................
IV-10
Gambar 4.4 Grafik Proyeksi Jumlah penduduk dengan Metode Geometri
...................................................................................................
IV-13
Gambar 4.5 Grafik Perbandingan Proyeksi Penduduk Kecamatan
Marpoyan Damai Tahun 2007-2036
...................................................................................................
IV-15
Gambar 4.6 Grafik Proyeksi Penduduk dengan Metode Terpilih
( Eksponensial)
...................................................................................................
IV-17
Gambar 4.7 Alternatif 1 Pipa Kecamatan Marpoyan Damai
...................................................................................................
IV-31
Gambar 4.8 Alternatif 2 PipaKecamatan Marpoyan Damai
...................................................................................................
IV-33
Gambar 4.9 ALternatif terpilih Kecamatan Marpoyan Damai
...................................................................................................
IV-36
Gambar 4.7 Alternatif 1 Pipa Kecamatan Marpoyan Damai
...................................................................................................
IV-31
Gambar 4.8 Alternatif 2 PipaKecamatan Marpoyan Damai
...................................................................................................
IV-33

Gambar 6.1 Diagram Alir Pengolahan Air Minum Kota Enviro

...................................................................................................
VI-5
Gambar 6.2 Alternatif Pengolahan Air Minum
...................................................................................................
VI-15
Gambar 6.3 Desain Bak Pengumpul Lumpur
...................................................................................................
VI-24
Gambar 6.4 Zona Outlet

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Tugas besar TPAM dan SPAM Kecamatan Pekanbaru Kota
Tahun 2016/2017
...................................................................................................
VI-25
Gambar 6.5 Desain V-Notch
...................................................................................................
VI-29
Gambar 6.6 Perencanaan Bak Filtrasi
...................................................................................................
VI-62
Gambar 6.7 Sketsa Filtrasi dengan Potongan Secara Horizontal
...................................................................................................
VI-62
Gambar 6.8 Sketsa Filtrasi dengan Potongan Secara Vertikal
...................................................................................................
VI-63

DAFTAR LAMPIRAN

Lampiran A Perhitungan Proyeksi Penduduk

Lampiran B Proyeksi Jumlah Penduduk dari Tahun 2006 - 2025
Lampiran C Perhitungan Jumlah Penuduk yang Terlayani
Lampiran D Perhitungan Kebutuhan Air Domestik Kota Enviro
Lampiran E Perhitungan Kebutuhan Air Non Domestik Atau Fasilitas
Di Kota Enviro
Lampiran F Perhitungan Intake
Lampiran G Perhitungan Head Pompa
Lampiran H Perhitungan Headloss Mayor-Minor
Lampiran I Perhitungan Blok

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