List of components of oil drilling rigs

This article lists the main components of a petroleum on- 8. Standpipe

shore drilling rig.
9. Kelly hose
Oshore drilling rigs have similar elements, but are con-
gured with a number of dierent drilling systems to suit 10. Goose-neck
drilling in the marine environment.
11. Traveling block
The equipment associated with a rig is to some extent de-
pendent on the type of rig but typically includes at least 12. Drill line
some of the items listed below. 13. Crown block
14. Derrick
1 List of items 15. Racking Board (Sometimes referred to as the Mon-
key Board

13
16. Stand (of drill pipe)
17. Setback (oor)

14 18. Swivel (On newer rigs this may be replaced by a top

drive)
12
15
19. Kelly drive
11 20. Rotary table

10 21. Drill oor

16
22. Bell nipple
18

9
23. Blowout preventer (BOP) Annular type
8 5
19 21
24. Blowout preventer (BOP) Pipe ram & blind ram
17 20
4 3 2 1
22 25. Drill string
23
24 28
26. Drill bit
25 27 7 6
27. Casing head or Wellhead
26
28. Flow line
Simple diagram of a drilling rig and its basic operation

2 Explanation
1. Mud tank
Bell nipple (#22) is a section of large diameter pipe
2. Shale shakers tted to the top of the blowout preventers that the
ow line attaches to via a side outlet, to allow the
3. Suction line (mud pump) drilling mud to ow back to the mud tanks.
4. Mud pump Blowout preventers (BOPs) (#23 and #24) are de-
vices installed at the wellhead to prevent uids
5. Motor or power source
and gases from unintentionally escaping from the
6. Vibrating hose wellbore. #23 is the annular (often referred to as
Hydril named after a manufacturer), and #24 is the
7. Draw-works pipe rams and blind rams.

1
2 2 EXPLANATION
Casing head (#27) is a large metal ange welded
or screwed onto the top of the conductor pipe (also
known as drive-pipe) or the casing and is used to bolt
the surface equipment such as the blowout preven-
ters (for well drilling) or the Christmas tree (oil well)
(for well production).
Centrifuge (not pictured) is an industrial version of
the device that separates ne silt and sand from the
drilling uid. It is typically mounted on top or just
o of the mud tanks.
Crown block (#13) is the stationary end of the block
and tackle.
Degasser (not pictured) is a device that separates
air and/or gas from the drilling uid. It is typically
mounted on top of the mud tanks.
Derrick (#14) is the support structure for the equip-
ment used to lower and raise the drill string into
and out of the wellbore. This consists of the sub-
structure (structure below the drill oor level) and
the mast.
Desander / desilter (not pictured) contains a set of
hydrocyclones that separate sand and silt from the
drilling uid. Typically mounted on top of the mud
tanks.
Draw-works (#7) is the mechanical section that con-
tains the spool, whose main function is to reel in/out
the drill line to raise/lower the traveling block.
Drill bit (#26) is a device attached to the end of the
drill string that breaks apart the rock being drilled.
It contains jets through which the drilling uid exits.
Drill oor (#21) is the area on the rig where the tools
are located to make the connections of the drill pipe,
bottom hole assembly, tools and bit. It is considered
the main area where work is performed.
Drill line (#12) is thick, stranded metal cable
threaded through the two blocks (traveling and
crown) to raise and lower the drill string.
Drill pipe (#16) is a joint of hollow tubing used to
connect the surface equipment to the bottom hole
assembly (BHA) and acts as a conduit for the drilling
uid. In the diagram, these are stands of drill pipe
which are 2 or 3 joints of drill pipe connected and
stood in the derrick vertically, usually to save time
while tripping pipe.
Drill string (#25) is an assembled collection of drill
pipe, heavy weight drill pipe, drill collars and any of
a whole assortment of tools, connected and run into
the wellbore to facilitate the drilling of a well. The
collection is referred to singularly as the drill string.
Elevators (not pictured) are hinged devices that is
used to latch to the drill pipe or casing to facilitate
the lowering or lifting (of pipe or casing) into or out
of the wellbore.
Flow line (#28) is large diameter pipe that is at-
tached to the bell nipple and extends to the shale
shakers to facilitate the ow of drilling uid back
to the mud tanks.
Goose-neck (#10) is a thick metal elbow connected
to the swivel and standpipe that supports the weight
of and provides a downward angle for the kelly hose
to hang from.
Kelly drive (#19) is a square, hexagonal or octag-
onal shaped tubing that is inserted through and is
an integral part of the rotary table that moves freely
vertically while the rotary table turns it.
Kelly hose (#9) is a exible, high pressure hose that
connects the standpipe to the kelly (or more speci-
cally to the gooseneck on the swivel above the kelly)
and allows free vertical movement of the kelly, while
facilitating the ow of the drilling uid through the
system and down the drill string.
Racking board (#15) is the catwalk along the side of
the derrick (usually about 35 or 40 feet above the
oor). The monkey board is where the derrick
man works while tripping pipe.
Mud motor (not pictured) is a hydraulically powered
device positioned just above the drill bit used to spin
the bit independently from the rest of the drill string.
Mud pump (#4) is a reciprocal type of pump used
to circulate drilling uid through the system.
Mud tank (#1) is often called mud pits and stores
drilling uid until it is required down the wellbore.
Setback (#17) is a part of the drill oor (#21) where
the stands of drill pipe are stood upright. It is typ-
ically made of a metal frame structure with large
wooden beams situated within it. The wood helps
to protect the end of the drill pipe.
Rotary table (#20) rotates, along with its constituent
parts, the kelly and kelly bushing, the drill string and
the attached tools and bit.
Shale shaker (#2) separates drill cuttings from the
drilling uid before it is pumped back down the
wellbore.
Stand (#16) is a section of 2 or 3 joints of drill pipe
connected and stood upright in the derrick. When
they are pulled out of the hole, instead of laying
down each joint of drill pipe, 2 or 3 joints are left
connected and stood in the derrick to save time.
 3

Standpipe (#8) is a thick metal tubing, situated ver-

tically along the derrick, that facilitates the ow of
drilling uid and has attached to it and supports one
end of the kelly hose.
Suction line (#3) is an intake line for the mud pump
to draw drilling uid from the mud tanks.
Swivel (#18) is the top end of the kelly that allows
the rotation of the drill string without twisting the
block.

Traveling block (#11) is the moving end of the block

and tackle. Together, they give a signicant me-
chanical advantage for lifting.

Vibrating hose (#6) is a exible, high pressure hose

(similar to the kelly hose) that connects the mud
pump to the stand pipe. It is called the vibrating hose
because it tends to vibrate and shake (sometimes vi-
olently) due to its close proximity to the mud pumps.
4 3 TEXT AND IMAGE SOURCES, CONTRIBUTORS, AND LICENSES

3 Text and image sources, contributors, and licenses

3.1 Text
List of components of oil drilling rigs Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_components_of_oil_drilling_rigs?oldid=663473325
Contributors: Chowbok, JonSangster, Woohookitty, Xtrump, Hydrargyrum, Welsh, Realkyhick, SmackBot, Sct72, Jsbrugg, Beagel, Schm-
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