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Document Owner or his Delegate through STEP-OUT approval.
A controlled copy of the current version of this document is on PDO's EDMS. Before making reference
to this document, it is the user's responsibility to ensure that any hard copy, or electronic copy, is current.
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Users are encouraged to participate in the ongoing improvement of this document by providing
constructive feedback.
ii Revision History
The following is a brief summary of the 4 most recent revisions to this document. Details of all revisions
prior to these are held on file by the issuing department.
Contents
1. Introduction...............................................................................................................7
1.1 PURPOSE.................................................................................................................... 7
1.2 APPLICABLE STANDARDS, SPECIFICATIONS AND CODES ........................... 7
1.2.1 PDO Standards............................................................................................................... 7
1.2.2 SIOP/SIEP Standards..................................................................................................... 8
1.2.3 International Standards .................................................................................................. 8
1.3 COMPLIANCE WITH STANDARDS ..................................................................... 12
1.4 ENGINEERING DOCUMENTS TO BE SUBMITTED FOR APPROVAL............ 13
2. Scope.........................................................................................................................13
2.1 GENERAL................................................................................................................. 14
2.1.1 Access to Site............................................................................................................... 14
2.2 SITE PRELIMINARIES AND PREPARATORY WORKS..................................... 14
2.2.1 Soil Investigations........................................................................................................ 14
2.2.2 Line Route Survey ....................................................................................................... 14
2.2.2.1 Centre Line Survey ............................................................................................ 14
2.2.2.2 Detail Survey, line profiles and structure spotting............................................. 15
2.2.2.3 Clearances.......................................................................................................... 16
2.2.2.4 Structure schedule.............................................................................................. 16
2.2.3 Route Clearance ........................................................................................................... 16
2.2.3.1 Vegetation.......................................................................................................... 16
2.2.4 Pegging Out ................................................................................................................. 16
2.2.5 Crossings...................................................................................................................... 17
2.2.5.1 Road and Service Crossings .............................................................................. 17
2.2.5.2 Other Crossings ................................................................................................. 17
2.3 LINE ERECTION ..................................................................................................... 17
2.3.1 Safety ........................................................................................................................... 17
2.3.2. Erection of Wooden Poles Lines.................................................................................. 18
2.3.2.1 Handling, Transportation and Storage of Wooden Poles................................... 18
2.3.2.2 Erection of Wooden Poles ................................................................................ 18
2.3.2.2.1 Preparation............................................................................................... 18
2.3.2.2.2 Sub-assemblies ........................................................................................ 19
2.3.2.2.3 Structure erection and alignment ............................................................. 19
2.3.2.2.4 Wooden Poles Foundations ..................................................................... 19
2.3.2.2.5 Stays......................................................................................................... 20
2.3.2.3 Earthing and Bonding of Poles .......................................................................... 20
2.3.3 Erection of Lines with Lattice Steel Towers................................................................ 20
2.3.3.1 Foundations for Lattice Steel Towers ................................................................ 20
2.3.3.1.1 General......................................................................................................... 20
2.3.3.1.2 Site Preparation............................................................................................ 21
2.3.3.1.3 Concrete....................................................................................................... 21
2.3.3.1.4 Cement ......................................................................................................... 22
2.3.3.1.5 Reinforcing Steel ......................................................................................... 22
2.3.3.1.6 Excavation and Backfilling.......................................................................... 22
2.3.3.1.7 Installation of Foundations .......................................................................... 22
2.3.3.1.8 Bored Piles Installation ................................................................................ 23
2.3.3.1.9 Protection of Foundations............................................................................ 24
2.3.3.2 Erection of Lattice Steel Towers........................................................................ 24
2.3.3.2.1 General..................................................................................................... 24
2.3.3.2.2 Handling and Storage of Steel Towers .................................................... 24
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APPENDICES
APPENDIX A : GLOSSARY OF DEFINITIONS, TERMS AND ABBREVIATIONS.......................... 36
SP USER-COMMENT FORM .................................................................................................................. 37
1. Introduction
1.1 PURPOSE
This Specification is applicable to 132 and 33 kV overhead lines constructed using wood poles
and steel lattice towers.
Specifications SP-1114A and SP-1114B and SP-1102 specify the design basis for 132 and 33 kV
overhead lines and include detailed general arrangement drawings for all types of structures. It
shall be the responsibility of the Contractor to ensure that lines are profiled and the structures are
spotted in such a way that the standard design limits are not exceeded.
BS 4464-1998 Specification for Spring Washers for general engineering and automobile
purposes-Metric Series
BS 4848:Part 4 Specification for Hot Rolled Structural Steel Section. Equal and
unequal angles
BS 4872:Part 1:1999 Specification for approval testing of welders when welding procedure
approval is not required Fusion welding of steel
BS 5135:1984 Specification for arc welding of carbon and carbon manganese steels
BS 5493:1977 Code of practice for protective coating of iron and steel structures against
corrosion
BS 5950-1:2000 Structural Use of Steelwork in Building.
BS 7361-6 Coatings on Metal Fasteners - PART 6: Specification for Hot Dipped
Galvanized Coatings
BS DD133 Code of Practice for Strength Assessment of Members of Lattice Towers
and Masts
BS EN 1990:2002 Eurocode Basis of structural design
BS EN 10025:1993 Specification for hot-rolled products of non-alloy structural steels and
their technical delivery conditions
BS EN 10029:1991 Specification for tolerances on dimensions, shape and mass for hot-rolled
steel plates 3 mm thick or above.
BS EN 10056-2-1993 Specification for structural steel equal and unequal leg angle. Tolerances
on shape and dimensions
BS EN 10113-1993 Hot-rolled products in weldable fine grain structural steels
BS EN 10155:1993 Structural steels with improved atmospheric corrosion resistance.
Technical delivery conditions
BS EN 10163-1991 Specification for Delivery Requirements for Surface Conditions of Hot-
Rolled Steel Plate, Wide Flats and Sections
BS-EN-ISO-1461-1999 Specification for Hot Dip Galvanising of Structural Steel.
IEC 60652/2002 Testing of Towers
IEC 60826 Loading and strength of overhead transmission lines
ISO 1459:1973 Metallic coatings Protection against corrosion by hot-dip galvanizing
Guiding principles
IEEE Std. 951-1988 Guide to the Assembly and Erection of Metal Transmission Structures.
3. Foundations
BS 8004:1986 Code of practice for foundations
BS 8081-1989 Ground anchorage
BS 8110-P1-1997 Code of practice for design and construction
DIN 1045 Concrete, reinforced and prestressed concrete structures
DIN 4014 Bored piles, construction procedure, design and bearing behavior
IEC 1277 Full scale test on foundations
IEC 61773/1996 Overhead lines - Testing of foundations for structures
IEEE Std. 977-1991 Guide to installation of Foundations for Transmission Line Structures.
IEEE 1138 Standard Construction of Composite Fiber Optic Overhead Ground Wire
(OPGW) for use on Electric Utility Power Lines
IEEE:P1138 Specification for optical fibre ground wire (OPGW)
ITU-T G.650 Definition and test methods for the relative parameters of single mode
fibers
ITU-T G.652 Characteristics of a Single-Mode Optical Fiber Cable
ITU-T G.655 Characteristics of Non-Zero Dispersion-Shifted Single-Mode Optical
Fibers
IEC 60120 Dimension of Ball and Socket couplings of String Insulator Units.
IEC 60383 Insulators for overhead lines with nominal voltage above 1000 V
IEC 60433:1998 Characteristics of String Insulator Units of the Long Rod type.
IEC 60437:1997 Radio interference test on high voltage insulators
IEC 60471:1977 Dimensions of clevis and tongue coupling of string insulator units
IEC 60507:1991 Artificial pollution tests on high-voltage insulators to be used on a.c.
systems
IEC 60587:1984 Test method for evaluating resistance to tracking and erosion of electrical
insulating materials under severe ambient conditions
IEC 60707:1999 Method of test for the determination of the flammability of solid electrical
insulating materials when exposed to an igniting source
IEC 60815:1986 Guide for selection of Insulators in respect of Polluted Conditions.
IEC 61109:1992 Composite Insulators for a.c. Overhead Lines with a nominal voltage
greater than 1000 V Definitions, test methods and acceptable tests. (&
Amendment 1)
IEC 61854 Requirements and Tests for Spacers
IEC 61284 Overhead lines, Requirements and tests for fittings
IEC 61466 Composite string insulator units for overhead lines with a nominal
voltage greater than 1000 V, parts 1 and 2
IEEE 4 Standard Techniques for High Voltage Testing
IEEE Report PAS-85 Standardisation of conductor vibration measurements
IEEE:PAS-85:l966 Vibration intensity of conductors.
ISO 1460:1992 Metallic coatings Hot dip galvanised coatings on ferrous materials
Gravimetric
ISO 1461:1973 Metallic coatings Hot dip galvanized coatings on fabricated ferrous
products Requirements
7. Earthing
BS 7430-1998 Code of Practice for Earthing.
BS EN 1654:1998 Copper and copper alloys. Strip for springs and connectors
DIN/VDE 0141 VDE-specification for earthing in installations of rated voltages above
1 kV a.c.
DIN 48088 Earth Clamping Bolts
IEEE 1048 IEEE Guide for Protective Grounding of Power Lines.
IEEE Std. 5241-1993 Guide to Grounding During the Installation of Overhead Transmission
Line Conductors
In all cases the Company shall determine the adequacy of design carried out and Works executed
by the Contractor in accordance with this Specification.
2. Scope
2.1 GENERAL
This standard defines the requirements for the installation of overhead transmission lines with
wood pole supports as well as the lattice steel towers as applied to PDO installations.
The following sections define in brief the basic requirements.
The line profile drawings shall contain proposed location and type of each support, values of
wind, weight and equivalent spans, and section lengths. Sag template based on the design
data shall be prepared and used to draw profile curves for the bottom most conductor. Two
curves shall be drawn, one curve based on the specified maximum temperature of the
conductor (hot curve) and other curve based on the minimum ground clearance (clearance
curve) and location of each structure spotted on the drawings.
Perspex templates shall be prepared by the Contractor to check the hot curve and the ground
clearance curves.
After the approval of the profile drawings, the Contractor shall spot the structures in the field
and shall peg the location of each structure as indicated below.
2.2.2.3 Clearances
The Contractor shall ensure that clearances are maintained from the live line to any part of the line
or surroundings as per the following SPs.
SP-1102 - Specification for Design of 33kV Overhead Power Lines
SP-1114A - Specification for Design of 132 kV Overhead Power Lines on Wooden
Poles
SP-1114B - Specification of Design of 132 & 220kV Overhead Power Lines on Steel
Towers
ERD-09-03 - Layout and spacing of Plant, Equipment and Facilities
All graded roads, including well access roads, shall be taken as public roads within the terms of
ERD-09-03.
The Contractor shall ensure that clearance to the existing and future pipeline and wells shall be
allowed for as per the requirement of the Company. Pipeline clearance distance shall be measured
from the edge of the pipeline.
2.2.3.1 Vegetation
The following requirements shall be considered while clearing the ground:
Trees and tall shrub shall be cleared to a distance of 15 m on either side of the centre-line of
the route. Trees and bushes shall be cut down to a height of not more than 1.25 m above
ground level, after prior approval of the Company.
Whenever possible, felling of trees shall be avoided and should be executed only with the
express permission of the Company.
Felled trees and shrub together with the roots shall be removed from underneath the proposed
overhead line and also on the access road running along the line route and access roads from
existing roads to the line route. The access road shall be graded road suitable for traversing
by a 4-wheel drive vehicle for line patrol and maintenance by the Company.
For angle and terminal locations, the peg shall consist of a steel angle stake painted with bands of
red and white to avoid corrosion and for easy identification. Each peg shall be stencilled with the
UTM co-ordinates, angle of deviation and structure number.
For intermediate structure locations, either wooden or steel stakes can be used. These stakes shall
be painted with bands of red and white paint and structure number shall be stencilled on the stake.
All stakes shall be provided with a triangular red and white flag as a mark of caution. The pegs
shall have a pointed edge on one side, which should be driven into the ground for at least 0.5 m to
keep them firm and steady.
Pegs shall be installed to mark the centre of the structure. Pegs shall also be installed in transverse
direction for angle structure locations if required by the Company.
After pegging all structure locations, before commencing construction, the Contractor shall give
seven days notice to the Company for inspection of all structure locations/peg points. If required
by the Company any or all locations shall be resurveyed and repegged.
If structures are located in poor ground or if there are any obstructions the Contractor may relocate
the structure subject to the satisfaction and agreement of the Company.
2.2.5 Crossings
2.3.1 Safety
The Contractor shall obey the entire content of SP-1104 Electrical Safety Rules'.
Once conductor stringing has been completed, temporary earths shall be applied to the line at the
place of work (Worksite) before performing any further high level Works.
2.3.2.2.1 Preparation
All operations at the Worksite shall be conducted so as not to obstruct the operations of the
Company, or any other Contractor, or the operation of existing transmission or distribution
systems.
The Contractor must provide and maintain in good working condition all cranes, hoists, jacks,
winches and tools including compression tools and dies, as may be required for the installation
and erection of whole of the Works. The Contractor shall also provide workshops equipped with
a reasonable range of metal and woodworking tools and assembly equipment.
The Contractor shall provide suitable drilling rigs for drilling pole and stay holes in the ground to
the required depth and diameter. Drilling rig shall also be used to drill bore holes for placing
earthing rods. All drilling activities including the drilling rigs are subject to the approval of the
Company and the holes shall be drilled in the ground as per the relevant specifications and
drawings.
The Contractor shall provide sufficient number of drilling rigs to complete the Works within the
time schedule with adequate allowance for breakdown and repair time.
Suitable bucket truck and/or ladders shall be used whenever necessary during erection, in
accordance with the Work Method Statement, but such ladders shall be removed when erection
work is not in progress.
The Contractor shall make all necessary arrangements and take all necessary precautions where
the route crosses installations, power lines or other obstacles, or ground over which erection
cannot be executed in the normal manner,
2.3.2.2.2 Sub-assemblies
Prior to erection of any structure, some sub-assembly of various components may be allowed by
the Company as long as it is apparent that subsequent lifting of the structures as a part-assembly
will not lead to overloading of any components of the structure or the lifting devices.
Water shall be clean and free from all earth, vegetable matter and alkaline substances either in
solution or in suspension. The maximum water to cement ratio shall be 0.55.
Cement shall be Portland or other approved composition obtained from an approved maker.
Portland cement shall conform in all respects to BS 12. Sulphate resisting cement (SRC) shall be
used where sulphates are present in the soil and ordinary Portland cement (OPC) shall be used
where sulphates and chlorides occur together.
Concrete shall be thoroughly compacted during the placement. The upper surface of the concrete
for all types of foundations shall be finished smooth and sloped in an approved manner to prevent
accumulation of water. An approved concrete additive may be used.
Concrete shall not be directly poured from a height more than 1.5 metres to avoid mix segregation.
Concrete cubes shall be taken and tested to verify the concrete strength. The characteristic cube
strength shall not be less than 20 N/mm2. Concrete shall be covered by wet hessian sacks, which
should be kept continuously moist during the period of curing to avoid rapid drying.
2.3.2.2.5 Stays
The angle to which stay wires are set and the depth to which stay-anchors are installed shall
comply exactly with the Company Standard Drawings.
The Company shall be entitled to require the Contractor to demonstrate that any stay-anchor is
secure within its design loading. If failure occurs during such a test as a result of poor installation
practice, the stay-anchor shall be reinstalled to the satisfaction of the Company, and the
reinstallation of the stay-anchor shall be undertaken entirely at the Contractors own cost.
2.3.3.1.1 General
The foundation installation shall include site preparation, excavation, foundation placement
measurements, stub angles, backfilling, foundation cap protection and clean up of the site.
The Contractor shall select the suitable type of foundation to be submitted for approval based on
soil investigation data as well as information concerning flooding or other considerations affecting
the foundation erection and maintenance. The foundation type for each tower location shall be
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selected by the Contractor to suit the particular site condition and the list for selected types shall
be submitted for approval. Where the line route is on subkha, aggressive soils, sand dune areas or
wadis the piled foundations with or without permanent casings, shall be considered.
The foundation types to be installed shall cover all range of ground conditions occurring along the
line route; among these may be included: normal ground, soft rock, hard rock, wadis conditions,
sand dunes, subkha. Where actual soil conditions encountered show that the foundation required
cannot be of standard range, then a special foundation shall be installed. The type of foundation to
be used at each tower position shall be the most suitable practical solution.
Normal ground is considered to be composed of compact or stiff soil.
Soft rock can be of a homogeneous limestone, coral nature etc., fissured, but present on more than
the bottom 50% of the foundation setting depth.
Hard rock shall be hard and massive rock. Rock anchor foundation shall be installed where the
hard rock occurs within 1000mm from ground surface.
Wadis are watercourse beds, which can be dry for most of the year but are subject to occasional
flash flooding. The structures in a wadi shall resist to water flow and shall be protected against
pressure of water and debris.
In sand dune areas the movement of the dunes can affect the overhead line structural integrity and
electrical clearances.
Subkha shall be considered the coastal flats of salty sands, but can be also of gravely, silty clay
strata, of weak strength or some compact cemented layers. The water table frequently reach the
ground level and above.
2.3.3.1.3 Concrete
The concrete work shall comply to BS 8110:1985, BS 5328, the CIRIA Guide to Concrete
Construction in the Gulf Region, Special Publication No 31, ERD-19-07 and with other specified
Standards and Publications.
A minimum cement content of 390 kg/m3 shall be used for locations with ground water level
under the bottom of the foundation. Where the concrete is placed under water, using a tremie tube,
a minimum cement content of 440 kg/m3 shall be employed. The minimum strength of the
concrete for bored piles shall be 40 N/mm2. Blinding concrete shall be grade 20 N/mm2.
The aggregates shall be from approved sources and shall comply with the requirements of
BS 882:1992 and the CIRIA Guide to Concrete in the Gulf Region, Special Publication No. 31.
For approval of concrete mix, the Contractor shall submit the following details: cement type,
cement content, grading of aggregates, water/cement ratio. For each concrete mix, the Contractor
shall provide a representative trial mix and make cubes to be tested for compressive strength at 7
and 28 days. Testing shall be in accordance to requirements of BS 1881. The proposed concrete
mix shall provide necessary characteristic strength, durability, density, resistance to sulphate and
chloride attack.
The source of water shall be approved by PDO. The water used in foundations concrete shall be
clean and shall comply with BS 3148:1980 specifications. Any additive to be used in the
preparation of concrete shall be approved in writing by PDO. The additives shall be in accordance
with the requirements of BS 5075 or similar.
2.3.3.1.4 Cement
The ordinary Portland cement shall comply with BS 12:1996 or similar approved standard. If
required, the Contractor shall use low alkali cement to reduce the effects from alkali-aggregate
reaction or Sulphate-resisting Portland cement complying with BS 4027:1996 or similar.
The Contractor shall inform the PDO of the brand name, manufacturer and source of the cement
which he proposes to use. The cement delivered to the site shall have the manufacturers test
certificates showing the compliance to approved Standards. The use of different cement from that
of the trial mixes until the further trial mixes have been made and tested is not permitted.
not be used. The sulphate resisting or other special cement shall be stored separate from other
cement.
Where aggregate are stored directly on the ground, the bottom 10 cms shall not be used.
Water, which has been used for cleaning concrete mixers and handling equipment, shall be
disposed of in a manner to not contaminate sources of drinking water or the land for agriculture.
Concrete shall be compacted by vibrators in such a manner that the whole of the mass of concrete
to be fully compacted and air bubbles are expelled.
Vibrators shall penetrate the full depth of the layer to ensure that successive layers are fully
vibrated.
The surface of all concrete work shall be sound, solid and free from honeycombing or
protuberances. Plastering of concrete faces is not allowed. The defective concrete shall be
replaced to depths. The procedure of reparation shall be submitted by Contractor to approval of
PDO.
When the air temperature is over 35C and rising, the Contractor shall take precautions during
mixing to lower the temperature of the concrete. The maximum temperature of the concrete shall
not be over 32C. The following measures should be considered:
- Use of cooled water for mixing
- Spraying aggregate with cooled water, concreting in cooler part of the day,
- Keeping in shade the cement, reinforcement, aggregate and formworks,
- Use of insulated water tanks, mixer and transporters.
- Use of admixtures to retard,
The concreting shall follow the specifications from CIRIA Guide to Concrete Construction in the
Gulf Region and ACI Standard 305R Hot Weather Concreting.
The Ready-mixed concrete according to BS 5328 can be used with the agreement of PDO. The
concrete shall be carried in continuously operating truck mixers. The concrete shall be placed
within 2 hours of the introduction of cement to the aggregates, or 45 minutes after adding the
water in the mixer (whichever is shorter).
The cutting, bending and fixing of reinforcing steel shall be, generally in accordance with BS
4466:1989. The reinforcing shall be accurately placed and secured in position as to not move
during placement of concrete.
The concreting is not allowed during storms or heavy rains.
Concrete shall be protected from sunshine, drying winds, rain and running water.
All concrete shall be covered for at least 14 days and shall be continuously wet for the 7 days.
The exposed surfaces shall be covered with a curing compound polyethylene sheet, or with an
absorbent material, which can be kept damp and shall be protected from direct sunlight. After
removal of formwork, the exposed surfaces must also be protected.
The curing of concrete shall be for at least one week, or as long as directed by PDO, according to
weather conditions.
On completion of boring, loose or disturbed soil shall be removed from the base of the pile.
Lining tubes shall be provided for sufficient depth to ensure the stability of the pile excavation
during boring and concreting operations.
The temporary casings shall be withdrawn, during or immediately after completion of the
concreting and before concrete is starting to harden.
The use of conventional vibrators, for bored piles, is not permitted.
2.3.3.2.1 General
The Contractor shall ascertain that all concrete foundations or rock anchor grouting are cured and
that all back-filled material is compacted to its approved level before placing or erecting tower
steel on the foundations. Concrete in tower foundations shall be allowed to set a minimum of 7
days before erection of the tower and a minimum of 28 days before conductor and earth wire
installation on the tower.
The Contractor shall erect the types of towers specified at the locations indicated on the Contract
Drawings.
Towers shall be assembled in accordance with the approved drawings and erected by a suitable
method, which will not overstrain structural members or their foundations, subject to PDOs
approval.
Each bolt shall be securely tightened with adequate but non-excessive torque. Proper tightness
shall be spot checked by the Contractor, to PDOs satisfaction, with an accurately calibrated
torque wrench. The tightening torque to be applied on bolts is the following:
6,0 daNm for 12mm dia bolts
7,0 daNm for 14mm dia bolts
9,7 daNm for 16mm dia bolts
17.2 daNm for 20mm dia bolts
20.3 daNm for 22mm dia bolts.
22.0 daNm for 24mm dia bolts.
25.0 daNm for 30mm dia bolts.
All tower bolts shall be completely tightened, immediately after a tower is erected. After erection,
towers shall be left in workmanlike condition, complete and safe in every respect.
In order to prevent pilfering, all bolts and nuts below a minimum height of 3 m above the
foundation cap shall be secured by suitable means, to be proposed by the Contractor, for PDOs
approval.
During assembly punching, reaming or drilling for correction of mismatched holes shall not be
permitted without the authorisation of PDO in writing.
If any shop errors are discovered in the steel, the Contractor shall notify PDO who will decide on
site whether the error shall be corrected on site or the members shall be replaced.
All exposed steel surfaces around the holes or on cuts on which corrective work is permitted shall
be given sufficient coats of an authorised zinc rich paint to provide sufficient protection to the
steel and shall be to the approval of PDO.
Towers must be completely erected with all members in place and bolts securely tightened before
any stringing of conductors or earth wires may be started. All towers shall be inspected by PDO
accompanied by the Contractor before the stringing operation. Prior to the erection of towers or
parts of towers, which had completely been assembled on ground, the approval of PDO is
required.
In aviation-marking areas, immediately after erection above foundation level, the towers shall be
illuminated, either by the permanent lighting system or by a temporary lighting system, to be
approved by the Directorate of Civil Aviation.
2.3.3.3.1 General
All towers shall be red and white bands painted in accordance to Annex 14, Aerodromes, Chapter
6, paragraph 6.2.5 of the International Standards and Recommended Practices issued by the
International Civil Aviation Organization, and is subject to the PDO's approval.
This specification is to define surface preparation, protective coatings and paint systems to be
applied on equipment and structures unless otherwise specified.
The general guides for the work shall be:
(a) this Specification
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(b) British Standard Code of Practice CP.2008; 1966, B.S.: 4232, 2015, 729, 3083, 381 C,
4479, 4360, 3294 and 4604
(c) Swedish Standard SIS 05 59 00 - 1967 or equivalent standard
(d) German Standards DIN 55 928 and DIN 4115 or equivalent standards
(e) the paint manufacturers Technical Data Sheet and Instructions.
- the relative humidity is above 85% or the surface temperature is closer than 3C or below
the dew point
- it is raining
- sandstorms occur to such extent that the wet painting might be affected.
To ensure the suitability of paints the Contractor shall execute sample tests at site. Such panels
must be approved and shall be used as reference for quality control.
These tests shall be carried out at a very early stage of the contract period and no paint shall be
ordered beforehand. Final selection of the paint is subject to the approval of PDO, depending on
the results of the above mentioned site tests.
All finishes shall be clean and in good sound conditions. Each coat shall completely and uniformly
cover the coat underneath it.
There must be no delay between application of successive coats but each coat must by thoroughly
dry or as directed in the paint instructions before next coat is applied. Before additional coats are
applied to painted surfaces, the existing paint shall be cleaned of all foreign matters and suitably
sanded if necessary.
Excessive coat thickness shall not exceed the maximum specified by the paint manufacturer.
2.3.4.1 Preparation
Before commencement of stringing, tower footing resistance tests shall be made at each tower and
necessary earthing devices shall be installed and tested.
Conductor and earthwire erection shall be carried out entirely by approved tension stringing
methods, keeping conductor off the ground al all times when the conductor is in motion.
Tenderers shall include with their Tenders details of the precise method of tension stringing they
propose to use, together with details of their proposed stringing equipment.
At least 3 months before stringing commences the Contractor shall submit to the Engineer for
approval a fully detailed, comprehensive work proposal which shall include, but not limited to, the
following:
- Work sequence and methodology including creep compensation regime;
- Locations of conductor drums and winch location;.
groove or as required diameter will seat into the lining without being flattened. Brakes and
controls shall be hydraulically operated to minimise danger of brake failure. The tensioner design
shall be such that once the required tension is obtained, the conductor will remain at that tension
so long as the brake setting remains unchanged.
Conductor running out blocks shall be so designed as to allow conductors to be pulled out
smoothly and shall have a minimum diameter of 600mm at the bottom of the conductor groove.
Blocks will be of low friction design and the block groove shall be lined with neoprene. Blocks
are to be designed so that the pilot wire does not damage the neoprene lining during conductor
running. Running out blocks which do not run freely or operate properly shall be removed from
site for repair and must receive the Engineer's approval before they may be re-used. The blocks
shall have an electrical conducting path between their suspension fittings and the conductors
supported by the blocks.
When due to a mishap a conductor makes contact with the ground, stringing work shall stop whilst
the conductor is examined and offered for inspection to the Company. The Company at its
discretion may order such quantity of phase conductor or earth conductor to be discarded and
replaced by the Contractor at his expense.
In the case of local damage to individual wires of a conductor during erection, the use of repair
sleeves of a type approved by the Company may be permitted. This shall be at the discretion of
the Company.
Any conductor that has been run-out and not finally tensioned shall not be left overnight either on
the ground or within 4.5 m above ground level. Conductors should never be on the ground.
(c) Initial sag and tension charts, or tables, for use in the actual sagging of the line for a range
of actual possible conductor temperatures.
Immediately after conductors have been erected and clamped-in, mean sag of conductors shall not
depart from the correct erection sag by more than minus 5%. In addition, sag of any one line
conductor shall not depart by more than 150 mm from the sag of other line conductors in the same
span.
Vibration dampers or spacer-dampers shall be installed immediately following the clamping in of
a section.
When required by the Company prior to issue of a Certificate of Acceptance, the Contractor shall
be responsible for checking that relative sags of conductors and earthwires are within the specified
tolerance. Such checks shall be conducted at selected points along the route, as requested by the
Company.
Clearances between conductors and ground and between jumpers and structures shall be checked
during erection and before handing over the line.
The Contractor shall provide suitable dynamometers, sighting boards and levels or other approved
apparatus necessary for the proper checking of the Works. When required by the Company
dynamometers shall be tested and if necessary re-calibrated at the Contractor's expense. Sag
adjustment should be done through sighting boards and sighting levels and sag should be adjusted
and measured at mid-span, to the satisfaction of the Company,
During progress of the Work the Contractor shall record on approved schedules (See Section 2.6)
particulars of sagging of conductors on each section of the route. These schedules shall show
section pole numbers, individual span lengths, equivalent span, design and erection sags, together
with mean actual sag of phase conductors, as well as both temperature and dates of stringing and
checking. At the end of the Contract these schedules shall be handed to the Company.
Where vertical slope between supports exceeds 20% the Contractor shall make allowance for the
difference in level when calculating the sag.
Cables shall be subjected to an HV cable DC pressure test whilst disconnected from the overhead
line and associated surge arresters. Results of tests shall be recorded on Functional Test Sheet FS
14.
2.4.2 Inspection
Electrical integrity of all tension joints, measured with equipment designated in Section
2.4.1.1.
If specified in the project specifications, the Contractor shall perform line impedance tests. These
shall include the measurement of:
Positive sequence impedance.
Zero sequence impedance.
2.5 MAINTENANCE
The Contractor shall be responsible for making good all settlements of filled ground due to any
cause, whatsoever which may occur up to the end of the period of maintenance.
At the end of the maintenance period specified ground clearance plus conductor creepage
allowance shall not be infringed. In addition, sag of any phase conductor shall not depart by more
than 150 mm from the mean sag of all phase conductors in the same span.
Tests shall be conducted at selected points along the route, as required by the Company, and the
Contractor shall provide the necessary surveying instruments to enable checks to be conducted
with the line live and in service. All sag and clearance corrections that may be required by the
Company shall be undertaken in a prompt manner and at times specified by the Company, to
minimise the service interruption of the line.
The following Functional Check and Test Sheets shall form part of the As-Built record of the
overhead line.
NOTE: *** shall be used to mark-up As-Built drawings and for noting where pole identification
plates are required.
Specimen copies of these check sheets and schedules are located in SP-1100 and Standard
Drawings STD-4-1320-001 and 1410-001.
The following terms and abbreviations used in this document, are defined below:
General Terminology
Shall - The word 'shall' is to be understood as mandatory.
The Company A person appointed from time to time by the Company, having the
representative - functions set forth in Article 2 of General Conditions for Construction
Works, and whose authority shall be notified in writing to the Contractor
by the Company.
The Consultant - The party to the contract with the Company who is responsible for
providing the design, engineering and other related consultancy services
under the contract.
The Contractor - The party to the Contract with the Company who is responsible for the
construction and other related works specified in the contract. On
occasion, for example in 'turnkey contracts' the contractor may be
responsible for design, engineering, manufacture, shipment, supply,
installation, testing, commissioning and performance guarantee up to the
defects liability period as defined in the individual contract.
Manufacturer - The party responsible for the manufacture of equipment and services to
perform the duties specified by the Consultant, Contractor or Company.
Work-site - A defined place designated by the Company where all Works and services
shall be executed by a Contractor under a Contract.
Abbreviation
CFDH - Corporate Functional Discipline Head
OHL - Overhead Transmission Line
SP USER-COMMENT FORM
SP User-Comment Form
If you find something that is incorrect, ambiguous or could be better in an SP, write your comments and
suggestions on this form. Send the form to the Document Control Section (DCS). They make a record
of your comment and send the form to the correct CFDH. The form has spaces for your personal details.
This lets DCS or the CFDH ask you about your comments and tell you about the decision.
Comments:
Suggestions:
CFDH Actions
Recd Decision: Inits: Ref. Date:
Date: Reject: Ind:
Accept, revise at next issue:
Accept, issue temporary amendment
Comments:
REFERENCE DRAWING
2. Depth of excavation
5. Chimney/cap dimensions
18. Earthing
B. REMARKS / OBSERVATIONS (include notes on bottom heaving, alignment of excavation walls, side caving, site cleaning etc.):
REF: SP-1100
PDO CW-NNNA2
CONSTRUCTION CHECK SHEET
TOWERS
Sheet 1 of 1
ERECTION OF OVERHEAD LINE
STEEL LATTICE TOWERS REV 0
REF: SP-1100
PDO CONSTRUCTION CHECK SHEET CW-NNNA3
CIVIL WORKS
Sheet 1 of 1
OVERHEAD LINES ON LATTICE STEEL TOWERS
REV 0
PAINTING CHECK SHEET
PROJECT DESCRIPTION PROJECT WBS No.
SUB-SYSTEM DESCRIPTION SUB-SYSTEM No.
SERVICE DESCRIPTION TAG No.
Painting
Date of
Measurement
REMARKS
READING ON READING ON READING ON READING ON
RANDOM
GALVANISING [m] PRIMER COAT [m] INTERMEDIATE COAT [m] FINISH COAT(S) [m]
Fabricated Steel Under 5mm Main Under 5mm Main Under 5mm Main Under 5mm Main
Article 5mm thick and Member 5mm thick and Member 5mm thick and Member 5mm thick and Member
Article Mark over over over over
B. INSPECTION Result
1. Section length
2. Equivalent span
9. Dynamometers
10. Thermometers
12. Sagscope
REF: SP-1100
PDO E-NNNA5
CONSTRUCTION CHECK SHEET
ELECTRICAL
Sheet 1 of 1
OVERHEAD COMPRESSION
JOINTS REV 0
PROJECT
PROJECT WBS No.
DESCRIPTION
SUB-SYSTEM
SUB-SYSTEM No.
DESCRIPTION
SERVICE
TAG No.
DESCRIPTION
B TEST Results
C REMARKS / OBSERVATIONS:
REF: SP-1100
PDO E-NNNB1
PRE-COMMISSIONING CHECK SHEET
ELECTRICAL Sheet 1 of 2
INSTALLATION OF OVERHEAD LINES
REV 0
ON LATTICE STEEL TOWERS
INSPECTION
PROJECT
PROJECT WBS No.
DESCRIPTION
SUB-SYSTEM
SUB-SYSTEM No.
DESCRIPTION
SERVICE
TAG No.
DESCRIPTION
A. INDENT/CONTRACT No:
B. INSPECTION Results
3. Check and ensure that all bolts and nuts are correctly fastened.
4. Check and ensure that the towers verticality tolerances are observed.
5. Check and ensure that backfilling, compacting and leveling are completed
7. Check and ensure that all the fittings are tightened and painted to specification requirements
10. Check and ensure that anti-climbing devices, danger & reflector plates, number plates, phase plates and
name plate are fitted in correct position.
11. Check and ensure that there are no damages to the conductor (strand damages)
12. Check and ensure that sagging is correct and the records submitted.(E-NNNA2)
13. Check and ensure that jumpers for all phases are fixed and the necessary clearances maintained
14. Conduct a random check to ensure that all the clearances are correct and in accordance with specification
requirements
REF: SP-1100
PDO E-NNNB1
PRE-COMMISSIONING CHECK SHEET
ELECTRICAL Sheet 2 of 2
INSTALLATION OF OVERHEAD LINES
REV 0
ON LATTICE STEEL TOWERS
INSPECTION
PROJECT
PROJECT WBS No.
DESCRIPTION
SUB-SYSTEM
SUB-SYSTEM No.
DESCRIPTION
SERVICE
TAG No.
DESCRIPTION
INSPECTION Results
15. Check and ensure that the stub angles and foundation cap is painted according to specification
requirements.
16. Check and ensure that there are not cracks on foundation cap (except hair cracks of max. 0.3mm).
17. Check and ensure that there are not bended elements on tower structure.
18. Check and ensure that there are not missing members on tower structure.
19. Check and ensure that all temporary earth and excess material are removed
20. Check and ensure that all tower areas are shaped to eliminate water ponding
21. Check and ensure that the area around the tower foundations is leveled and all excess earth removed
C. REMARKS / OBSERVATIONS:
REF: SP-1100
PDO E-NNNB2
PRE-COMMISSIONING CHECK SHEET
ELECTRICAL Sheet 1 of 1
INSTALLATION OF OVERHEAD LINES
REV 0
ON LATTICE STEEL TOWERS
TESTS
PROJECT
PROJECT WBS No.
DESCRIPTION
SUB-SYSTEM
SUB-SYSTEM No.
DESCRIPTION
SERVICE
TAG No.
DESCRIPTION
B TEST Results
1. Ensure that prior to Site Tests, the Contractor provides Type Test and Routine Test Certificates
confirming that during factory tests of equipment, the criteria for the behavior of the test object
have been fulfilled and all tests have been passed successfully.
2. Ensure that pre-commissioning checks have been carried out and the relevant Construction
Test sheet completed
3. Ensure that earth electrodes have been tested and relevant Functional Test sheets completed
4. Ensure that compression joints tested and relevant Functional Test sheets completed
6. Ensure that at tower locations subject of special requirements of safety of public Step and
Touch Voltage measurements have been performed and special earthing installed
8. R-phase to Y-phase ()
9. Y-phase to B-phase ()
REF: SP-1100
Version: 2.0
Petroleum Development Oman LLC Effective: May-08
A. INDENT/CONTRACT No:
B. INSPECTION Results
3. Check and ensure that all poles are impregnated with tar
6. Check and ensure that backfilling, compacting and leveling are completed
9. Check and ensure that all the fittings are tightened and painted to specification requirements
10. Check and ensure that all the insulators are clean
11. Check and ensure that line conductors are correctly clamped/strapped
12. Check and ensure that anti-climbing devices, danger & reflector plates, number plates, phase plates and
name plate are fitted
13. Check and ensure that there are no damages to the conductor (strand damages)
14. Check and ensure that sagging is correct and the records submitted.(E-014A2)
15. Check and ensure that jumpers for all the three phases are fixed and the necessary clearances maintained
16. Conduct a random check to ensure that all the clearances are correct and in accordance with specification
requirements
REF: SP-1100
PDO CONSTRUCTION CHECK SHEET E-014A1
ELECTRICAL
Sheet 2 of 2
INSPECTION Results
17. Check and ensure that stay anchors are tightened properly
18. Check and ensure that stay insulators are fixed to stay anchors
19. Check and ensure that installation of isolators, surge diverters, post insulators ball and socket insulators
and drop-out fuses are satisfactory
20. Test and record earthing resistance of isolators, surge diverters post insulators ()
21. Check and ensure that isolators operate with easy movement and ability to lock-out
23. Check and ensure that all temporary earth and excess material are removed
24. Check and ensure that all pole areas are shaped to eliminate water ponding
25. Check and ensure that the area around the pole foundations and guys are rammed and leveled and all
excess earth removed
26. Check and ensure that all the metal parts like cross-arm, stay wires, etc., are bonded (earthing) at the top
C. REMARKS / OBSERVATIONS:
REF: SP-1100
PDO CONSTRUCTION CHECK SHEET E-014A2
ELECTRICAL
Sheet 1 of 1
OVERHEAD LINE ERECTION/SAG
REV 2
CHART RECORD
PROJECT
PROJECT WBS No.
DESCRIPTION
SUB-SYSTEM
SUB-SYSTEM No.
DESCRIPTION
SERVICE
TAG No.
DESCRIPTION
B. INSPECTION Result
1. Section length
2. Equivalent span
7. Dynamometers
8. Thermometers
9. Sighting Boards
10. Sagscope
C. REMARKS / OBSERVATIONS:
REF: SP-1100
PDO E-014B1
PRE-COMMISSIONING CHECK SHEET
ELECTRICAL Sheet 1 of 2
B TEST Results
1. Ensure that pre-commissioning checks have been carried out and the relevant Construction
Test sheet completed
2. Ensure that earth electrodes have been tested and relevant Functional Test sheets completed
3. Ensure that cables have been tested and relevant Functional Test sheets completed
4. Ensure that compression joints tested and relevant Functional Test sheets completed
REF: SP-1100
PDO E-014B1
PRE-COMMISSIONING CHECK SHEET
ELECTRICAL Sheet 2 of 2
REF: SP-1100
PDO E-014B2
COMMISSIONING CHECK SHEET
ELECTRICAL
Sheet 1 of 1
OVERHEAD COMPRESSION
REV 1
JOINTS
PROJECT
PROJECT WBS No.
DESCRIPTION
SUB-SYSTEM
SUB-SYSTEM No.
DESCRIPTION
SERVICE
TAG No.
DESCRIPTION
B TEST Results
C REMARKS / OBSERVATIONS:
REF: SP-1100
PDO E-014B3
PRE-COMMISSIONING CHECK SHEET
ELECTRICAL Sheet 1 of 1
B. INSPECTION:
I.R CHECK 5 kV
R-Y.......................................MOHM R-EYB.......................................MOHM
Y-B.......................................MOHM Y-ERB.......................................MOHM
B-R.......................................MOHM B-ERY.......................................MOHM
LINE RESISTANCE
BRIDGE MEGGER
R-Y.......................................MICROHM
Y-B.......................................MICROHM
B-R.......................................MICROHM
DUCTER
R Y B
POLE............................................ MICROHM
POLE............................................ MICROHM
POLE............................................ MICROHM
POLE............................................ MICROHM
POLE............................................ MICROHM
POLE............................................ MICROHM
C. REMARKS / OBSERVATIONS:
REF: SP-1100