Neurons specialized cells that conduct impulses.

Are electrically excitable cells in the

nervous system that function to process and transmit information.

Sensory Neuron - are nerve cells that transmit sensory information (sight, sound, feeling, etc.)

Motor Neurons - are efferent nerve fibers that carry signals from the spinal cord to the
effectors to produce effects.

Inter Neurons - They have been found to function in reflexes, neuronal oscillations, and
neurogenesis in the adult mammalian brain.

Glial Cells - known as the "supporting cells" of the nervous system

Synapse - permits a neuron to pass an electrical or chemical signal to another neuron.

Neurotransmitters - are the brain chemicals that communicate information throughout our
brain and body.

Acetylcholine - has functions both in the peripheral nervous system (PNS) and in the central
nervous system (CNS) as a neuromodulator. In the peripheral nervous system, acetylcholine
activates muscles, and is a major neurotransmitter in the autonomic (central) nervous system.

Dopamine - is a messenger molecule in the brain that allows certain nerve cells to
communicate with one another. Commonly associated with the 'pleasure system' of the brain.

Norepinephrine - chemical released from the sympathetic nervous system in response to

stress. It is also referred to as a stress hormone.

Epinephrine - commonly known as adrenaline, is a hormone secreted by the medulla of the

adrenal glands.

Serotonin - helps to relay messages from one area of the brain to another. This includes brain
cells related to mood, sexual desire and function, appetite, sleep, memory and learning,
temperature regulation, and some social behavior.

Melatonin - is a hormone secreted by the pineal gland in the brain. It helps regulate other
hormones and maintains the body's circadian rhythm.
Oxytocin - is a hormone produced by the hypothalamus and secreted by the pituitary gland.
This important hormone plays a crucial role in the childbirth process and also helps with male
reproduction.

Endorphins Natural pain and stress fighters.

Central Nervous System - the complex of nerve tissues that controls the activities of the
body. In vertebrates it comprises the brain and spinal cord.

Peripheral Nervous System - connect the central nervous system (CNS) to the limbs and organs,
essentially serving as a communication relay going back and forth between the brain and
spinal cord with the rest of the body.

Somatic Nervous System - is the part of the peripheral nervous system associated with skeletal
muscle voluntary control of body movements.

Autonomic Nervous System - regulates the functions of our internal organs.

Sympathetic Nervous System - is to stimulate the body's fight-or-flight response.

Parasympathetic Nervous System - is to put the body in a state conducive to rest,

regeneration, digestion, and reproduction: it is sometimes described using the slogans "rest
and digest" or "feed and breed"

Spinal Cord - transmission of neural signals between the brain and the rest of the body but
also contains neural circuits that can independently control numerous reflexes and central pattern
generators.

Cerebellum - receives information from the sensory systems, the spinal cord, and other
parts of the brain and then regulates motor movements. Coordinates voluntary movements
such as posture, balance, coordination, and speech, resulting in smooth and balanced muscular
activity.

Midbrain - is a portion of the central nervous system associated with vision, hearing, motor
control, sleep/wake, arousal (alertness), and temperature regulation.

Thalamus - is to relay motor and sensory signals to the cerebral cortex.

Hypothalamus - is to link the nervous system to the endocrine system via the pituitary
gland.
Limbic System - involved in motivation, emotion, learning, and memory.

Cerebrum - or cortex is the largest part of the human brain, associated with higher brain
function such as thought and action

Frontal Lobe - involved in motor function, problem solving, spontaneity, memory, language,
initiation, judgement, impulse control, and social and sexual behavior.

Parietal Lobe - is where information such as taste, temperature and touch are integrated,
or processed.

Occipital Lobe - is the visual processing center of the mammalian brain containing most of
the anatomical region of the visual cortex.

Temporal Lobe - is involved in primary auditory perception, such as hearing, and holds the
primary auditory cortex.

Cerebral Hemisphere - is one half of the cerebrum, the part of the brain that controls muscle
functions and also controls speech, thought, emotions, reading, writing, and learning.