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Gy : Sample size by Gy Formula

B.Wills (1982)
The function GYMass() will calcu
Updated to MS Excel, JKTech Pty Ltd (2005) sampling weights required at ea
Confidence Level % 95% 95%, 97.5%, 99%, 99.5%, 99.9% given is that obtained by Gy's fo
Elemental Assay of Ore % 5% e.g. %Cu in Ore of 2. For routine sampling, a con
Elemental Assay of Mineral % 86.6% e.g. %Cu in Chalcopyrite results would be acceptable, but
Assay Relative Error % 2% Maximum acceptable relative error greater sampling accuracy is req
Liberation Size cm 0.015 Grain size of valuable mineral confidence would be required.
Alluvial Gold y/n N Is the sample alluvial gold ore
Mineral Density t/m3 7.5
Gangue Density t/m3 2.65
Number of Sampling Stages 4
Top Size Of Ore cm 2.5 0.5 0.1 0.004
F95 / F5 Ratio 5 5 5 5 The function GYError() will calcu
a sample mass from each stage
relative error is that obtained by
GYMass g #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE!

GYError % #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE!


The function GYMass() will calculate the minimum practical
sampling weights required at each stage of sampling. The mass
given is that obtained by Gy's formula multiplied by a safety factor
of 2. For routine sampling, a confidence interval of 95% in the
results would be acceptable, but for research purposes, or where
greater sampling accuracy is required, then 99% level of
confidence would be required.

The function GYError() will calculate the maximum relative error for
a sample mass from each stage of sampling. The calculated
relative error is that obtained by Gy's formula.
Gy : Sample error by Gy Formula
B.Wills (1982)
Updated to MS Excel, JKTech Pty Ltd (2005)
Confidence Level % 95% 95%, 97.5%, 99%, 99.5%, 99.9%
Elemental Assay of Ore % 5% e.g. %Cu in Ore
Elemental Assay of Mineral % 86.6% e.g. %Cu in Chalcopyrite
Liberation Size cm 0.015 Grain size of valuable mineral
Alluvial Gold y/n N Is the sample alluvial gold ore
Mineral Density t/m3 7.5
Gangue Density t/m 3
2.65
Number of Sampling Stages 4
Top Size Of Ore cm 2.5 0.5 0.1 0.004
F95 / F5 Ratio 5 5 5 5 The function GYError() will calculate
a sample mass from each stage of s
relative error is that obtained by Gy's
Sample Mass g 5000 500 100 10.00

GYError % #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE!


on GYError() will calculate the maximum relative error for
mass from each stage of sampling. The calculated
ror is that obtained by Gy's formula.
RecVar : Estimation of errors in recovery calculations
B.A.Wills (1984) RecVar calculates the error associated
Updated to MS Excel, JKTech Pty Ltd (2005) with the two-product recovery formula for
Assay: the assay recovery
Feed 3.5 %
Conc 18 % Enter the Feed, Concentrate and Tail
Tail 1 % assays in the highlighted cells.

SDs: Relative % Absolute


Feed 4 % 0.14 Enter the relative error for the Feed,
Conc 2 % 0.36 Concentrate and Tail assays in the
Tail 8 % 0.08 highlighted cells.

Calculation
A #VALUE!
B #VALUE!
C #VALUE!
D #VALUE!

Recovery: #VALUE! % Calculated assay recovery


Variance: #VALUE! Variance of the assay recovery
SDs: #VALUE! % Standard deviation of the assay recovery
MassVar : Estimation of errors in two-product mass flowrate
B.A.Wills (1984) MassVar calculates the error associated
Updated to MS Excel, JKTech Pty Ltd (2005) with the two-product recovery formula for
Assay: the mass recovery
Feed 0.92 %
Conc 0.99 % Enter the Feed, Concentrate and Tail
Tail 0.69 % assays in the highlighted cells.

SDs: Relative % Absolute


Feed 1 % 0.0092 Enter the relative error for the Feed,
Conc 1 % 0.0099 Concentrate and Tail assays in the
Tail 1.5 % 0.01035 highlighted cells.

Calculation
A #VALUE!
B #VALUE!
C
D #VALUE!

Yield: #VALUE! % Calculated mass recovery


Variance: #VALUE! Variance of the recovery
SDs: #VALUE! % Standard deviation of the recovery
Lagran : Reconciliation of excess data by non-weighted least squares
B.A.Wills (1984)
Updated to MS Excel, JKTech Pty Ltd (2005)

Assay Data Ranges: Click to Calculate the


Feed/Conc/Tail C13:E23 Non-Weighted
Recovery Balance
Balance Data Ranges:
Feed/Conc/Tail F13:I23 Mass Recovery: 37.0 %

Measured Data Balanced Data


Feed Conc Tail Feed Conc Tail Recovery
Tin 21.90 43.00 6.77 20.78 43.41 7.47 77.4
Iron 3.46 5.50 1.76 3.25 5.58 1.89 63.4
Silica 58.00 25.10 75.30 57.16 25.41 75.83 16.5
Sulphur 0.11 0.12 0.09 0.10 0.12 0.09 43.4
Arsenic 0.36 0.38 0.34 0.36 0.38 0.34 39.6
TiO2 4.91 9.24 2.07 4.79 9.28 2.15 71.8
Lagran uses a simple node adjustment by
least squares followed by Lagrangian
multipliers.

Enter the assay names into column B.

Enter the Feed, Concentrate and Tail


assay values for each assay (columns C
to E).

The balanced assays for the Feed,


Concentrate and Tail are reported in
columns F to H.

The balanced assay recovery is reported


in column I.

The balanced mass recovery is reported


in cell H9.

The number of assays can be extended


beyond 10 by adjusting the maximum
data ranges in cells C6 and C9.
WeightRe : Reconciliation of excess data by weighted least squares
B.A.Wills (1985)
Updated to MS Excel, JKTech Pty Ltd (2005)

Convergence: 0.001 3.3E-04 actual convergence


Max Iterations: 100 3 number of iterations required

Assay Data Ranges:


Feed/Conc/Tail C19:E28

SDs Data Ranges:


Feed/Conc/Tail F19:H28
Click to Calculate
Balance Data Ranges:
the Weighted
Feed/Conc/Tail I19:L28
Recovery Balance Mass Recovery:

Measured Data SDs Data (Relative %) Balanced Data


Size Feed Conc Tail Feed Conc Tail Feed Conc
16000 1.53 4.65 0.93 16.53595 12.15054 20.75269 2.10 2.84
12500 1.5 0.85 3.38 16.66667 21.76471 12.95858 1.66 0.79
9500 4.5 5.5 0.71 12.22222 11.81818 24.08451 4.03 5.91
4750 4.09 3.98 1.13 12.44499 12.51256 18.84956 3.28 4.47
3350 3.69 5.37 0.87 12.71003 11.8622 21.49425 3.72 5.34
2360 3.69 5.37 0.9 12.71003 11.8622 21.11111 3.72 5.33
1700 3.45 4.88 0.74 12.89855 12.04918 23.51351 3.41 4.93
1180 3.13 4.14 0.88 13.19489 12.41546 21.36364 3.03 4.24
850 3.85 4.08 0.88 12.5974 12.45098 21.36364 3.22 4.52
WeightRe estimates the best mass rate
by using weighted residuals least squares
followed by Lagrangian multipliers.

Enter the assay names into column B.

Enter the Feed, Concentrate and Tail


assay values for each assay (columns C
to E).

Enter the relative standard deviations


associated with the Feed, Concentrate
and Tail assay values for each assay
63.7 % (columns F to H).

Balanced Data The balanced assays for the Feed,


Tail Recovery Concentrate and Tail are reported in
0.81 86.03 columns I to K.
3.20 30.36
0.73 93.47 The balanced assay recovery is reported
1.18 86.94 in column L.
0.87 91.53
0.90 91.26 The balanced mass recovery is reported
0.74 92.11 in cell K15.
0.89 89.37
0.91 89.69 The number of assays can be extended
beyond 10 by adjusting the maximum
data ranges in cells C9, C12 and C15.
Wilman : Reconciliation of excess data by variances in mass equations
B.A.Wills (1985)
Updated to MS Excel, JKTech Pty Ltd (2005)

Assay Data Ranges:


Feed/Conc/Tail C16:E25

SDs Data Ranges:


Feed/Conc/Tail F16:H25
Click to Calculate
the Weighted
Balance Data Ranges:
Feed/Conc/Tail I16:L25
Recovery Balance Mass Recovery:

Measured Data SDs Data (Relative %) Balanced Data


Feed Conc Tail Feed Conc Tail Feed Conc
Tin 21.90 43.00 6.77 1 1 1 22.00 42.84
Iron 3.46 5.50 1.76 1 1 1 3.38 5.58
Silica 58.00 25.10 75.30 1 1 1 55.55 25.29
Sulphur 0.11 0.12 0.09 1 1 1 0.10 0.12
Arsenic 0.36 0.38 0.34 1 1 1 0.36 0.38
TiO2 4.91 9.24 2.07 1 1 1 5.02 9.07
Wilman estimates the best mass rate by
using variances in the component
equations. Data adjustment is by
Lagrangian multipliers.

Enter the assay names into column B.

Enter the Feed, Concentrate and Tail


assay values for each assay (columns C
to E).

42.2 % Enter the relative standard deviations


associated with the Feed, Concentrate
Balanced Data and Tail assay values for each assay
Tail Recovery (columns F to H).
6.76 82.24
1.77 69.74 The balanced assays for the Feed,
77.68 19.23 Concentrate and Tail are reported in
0.09 49.35 columns I to K.
0.34 44.96
2.06 76.32 The balanced assay recovery is reported
in column L.

The balanced mass recovery is reported


in cell K12.

The number of assays can be extended


beyond 10 by adjusting the maximum
data ranges in cells C6, C9 and C12.

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