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SEKOLAH TINGGI ILMU KESEHATAN AVICENNA KENDARI

PROGRAM STUDI S.1 KEPERAWATAN

2012
1. MEDICAL DEVICES ARE REQUIRED IN CANULATION
INTRAVENOUS ARE:
Alcohol Spry
Infusion Set
IV catheter according to size
Coatings
Infusion to order
Toniquet
Net Gloves
Sterile Cotton
Plaster
Crooked

2. SOME OF THE TECHNIQUES USED IN PHYSICAL CHECK-UP IS :

Inspection
Examination is conducted by looking at the body part examined through observation.
Adequate light is necessary for nurses to distinguish colors, shapes and body hygiene
clients. Focus inspections on every part of the body include: size, color, shape, position,
symmetrical. And compared the results to normal and abnormal body parts with each
other body parts. Example: Yellow eyes (jaundice), there is a goitre in the neck, bluish
skin (cyanosis), and others.

Palpation
Palpation is a technique that uses the sense of touch. Hands and fingers are sensitive
instruments used to collect data, for example on: temperature, turgor, shape, moisture.

The steps that need to be considered during palpation:

Create a comfortable and relaxing environment.
Hand nurses should be in warm and dry
 Nurses Fingernails should be cut short.
All the palpable pain at the end samples of tumor, edema, crepitus (bone fracture),
and others.

Percussion
Percussion is a check by tapping certain parts of the body surface to compare with other body
parts (left and right) with the goal of producing sound. Percussionist aims to identify the
location, size, shape and consistency of the network. Nurses use both hands as a tool to
produce sound.

The voices that are found on percussion:

Resonant: percussion sounds normal tissue.
Dim: a more percussive sound dense tissue, such as in the lungs in pneumonia.
Deaf: a dense network of percussion sounds like the percussion area of the heart, liver
percussion area.
Hipersonor / timpani: percussion sound more hollow in the empty areas, such as the lung
Caverna, the client with chronic asthma.

Auscultation
Is a physical examination performed by listening to the sound produced by the body.
Typically use a device called a stethoscope. Things that are heard are: heart sounds,
breath sounds and bowel sounds.

Abnormal sound that can be auscultated in breath are:

Rales: the sound produced from the sticky exudate when the channels of smooth breathing
expands on inspiration (rales fine, medium, coarse). For example, the client pneumonia,
tuberculosis.
 Ronchi: low tone and very rough sounding as well as inspiration and expiration. Ronchi
characteristic is lost when the client cough. For example, in pulmonary edema.
Wheezing: the sound is audible "ngiii .... k". can be found in the phase of inspiration and
expiration. For example, in acute bronchitis, asthma.
Pleural Friction Rub; sound is heard "dry" sound like rubbing sandpaper on wood. For
example, the client with pleural inflammation.

3. SOME SELECTION OF VENA JOBBING IN INSTALLING INFUSION

1) Use of distal venous branch (vein proximal part of the larger size would be beneficial for
emergencies).

2) Choice of venous
a. Metacarpal vein (facilitates the movement of the hand).
b. Basilic or cephalic vein.
c. Antekubital fossa vein, median, basilic, or cephalic vein for a short infusion.

3) In the adult client, there is a vein in the lower extremities are used only as a last resort.

4. MEANINGS OF :

Fossa Cubiti
defined as the muscles that surround the hole in the elbow area or is a curve that lies in
front of the elbow and triangular. The bottom of the hole formed by the elbow brachial
 muscle. Outwardly, the cubital fossa is formed from the brachial fascia (fascia brachii)
and fascia antebrachii.

Thrombosis
Thrombosis (is the formation of a blood clot inside a blood vessel, obstructing the flow of
blood through the circulatory system. When a blood vessel is injured, the body uses
platelets (thrombocytes) and fibrin to form a blood clot to prevent blood loss.
Alternatively, even when a blood vessel is not injured, blood clots may form in the body
if the proper conditions present themselves. If the clotting is too severe and the clot
breaks free, the traveling clot is now known as an embolus.

Tourniquet
is a constricting or compressing device used to control venous and arterial circulation to
an extremity for a period of time. Pressure is applied circumferentially upon the skin and
underlying tissues of a limb; this pressure is transferred to the walls of vessels, causing
them to become temporarily occluded. It is generally used as a tool for a medical
professional in applications such as cannulation or to stem the flow of traumatic bleeding.

Antiseptic Solution
Antimicrobial substances that are applied to living tissue / skin to reduce the likelihood
of infection, sepsis, or putrefaction. Antiseptic solutions are generally distinguished by
the ability of the latter antibiotic to be transported through the lymphatic system to
destroy bacteria in the body, and from disinfectants, which destroy microorganisms
found on non-living material.

Some antiseptics are true germicides, capable of destroying microbes (bacteriocidal),

while others are bacteriostatic and only prevent or inhibit their growth.

Kidney Cup
 Is excretion organs in vertebrates is shaped like a peanut. As part of the urinary system,
kidney function to filter impurities (especially urea) from the blood and throw it together
with water in the form of urine. The branch of medicine that studies the kidneys and the
disease is called nephrology.

Pouch Of Catheter
Connection is a place to hold the bag of urine out of the catheter

Cassa Steril
is a sterile cloth to cover the wounds to avoid contamination with dirt or germs and
prevent infection.

Hemoglobin
Is metaloprotein (iron-containing protein) in red blood cells that functions as a carrier of
oxygen from the lungs throughout the body, in mammals and other animals. Hemoglobin
is also the bearer of the carbon dioxide back to the lungs where it is exhaled out of the
body. Hemoglobin molecule consists of globin, apoprotein, and four heme groups, an
organic molecule with one atom of iron.