LESSON 1

Vocabulary
I'm a unemployed
I'm a retired
I'm a civil servant: Soy funcionario
I'm a security guard
A little bit: un poquito
TV series
All kinds of: todo tipo de
Sitcoms: comedias
Current affairs: temas de actualidad
Soap opera: culebrones
Quiz show: concurso (de preguntas)
Reality show
Chat show: programa de entrevistas
The weather forecast: la previsin del tiempo
Wildlife: documentales sobre naturaleza (vida salvaje, literalmente)
Hiking = trekking
Horror books: libros de miedo
Detective books: novela negra
Do you have anithing in common?
Neither of us like reading: A ninguno de nosotros nos gusta leer
We both: nosotros 2, ambos
We both stayed in home: Ambos nos quedamos en casa
Anything else?: Algo ms?
Be keen on: ser entusiasta de..., ser fan
I'm fod of my dog: Tengo afecto por mi perro (Soy aficionado a mi perro, literalmente)
Do you have any pets? Tienes mascotas?

Word order in questions

1.- QASI
Q: question word
A: auxiliary
S: subject
I: Infinitive

Where do you work?

Q A S I
How often does you brother go to the cinema?

Question words: Partculas interrogativas:

Where (dnde)
What/Which
When
Whose (+ noun)
Why
How fast (a qu velocidad)
often (con qu frecuencia, cada cunto)
many (cunto) / much (cuntos)
long (cunto tiempo)
 far (a qu distancia)
tall (cunto mide)
old (cuntos aos)

2.- QASI... prep?

La preposicin siempre va al final de la oracin
Who do you work for? Para quin trabajas?
What did you talk about? De qu hablaste?
Who did you talk to? Con quin hablas?
Where are you from?
What kind of music do you listen to?
What year are you in?

3.- ASI: Auxilary + Subject + Infinitive

Do you live here?
Yes/No questions Se llaman as porque se contestan con s o no (Yes, I am/ No I'm not)
Are you happy?
Is she here yet? (yet: todava)
No hay partcula interogativa

Exercise pag. 5 (Word order in questions)

Where were yours parents born?
Where is our teacher from?
How do you spell your name?
Did you go last night out?: Saliste ayer noche?

Vocabulary
Networking site: red social
Waste of time: prdida de tiempo
A silice of bread: una rebanada de pan
Raining stones: lloviendo piedras
Hooked on: enganchado a /Adicto a
Ordered: ordenar, pedir
Todo lo que empieza en ingls por next o last no lleva artculo
Driving licence: carnet de conducir
Get in touch: contactar
To be get in touch: estar en contacto
To keep in touch: mantener el contacto
Face-to-face: personalmente
What's the flight number?: Cul es el n de vuelo? Qu n de vuelo es?
What gate is the flight boarding? Cul es la puerta de embarque?
Is the flight delayed? Se retrasa el vuelo?
We apologize for the delay: Nos disculpamos por el retraso
To book a flight: reservar un vuelo
To confirm a flight: confirmar un vuelo
Where is the man going to?: A dnde viaja el hombre?
Let's google it: Vamos a buscarlo en google

Appearance and personality (pgina 150 del libro)

What does he/she look like?: Cmo es l/ella (fisicamente)?

Fat: gordo
Without: sin /w'at/
Order adjetives: size>style>colour + noun
long curly brown hair
Shaved hair: pelo afeitado
Fair: rubio /fe/
Blonde: rubia
Medium = Average height
Slim / Thin / Skinny
Buen tipo Delgado/a Flaco/a

Size (length): short

long (referido al pelo)
medium length
shoulder length (por el hombro)

Style: curly
wavy
straight

Colour: black
blonde (chica)/ fair (chico)
red
brown (light brown, dark brown)
grey hair (canoso)

Short / tall / medium-height (constitucin)

Skin (piel) pale skin (plido/a)

dark skin
olive skin (piel aceitunada)

Face: cute (mono/a)

beautiful, pretty (para chicas)
attractive / good looking
handsome (guapo, para chicos)
rather plain (del montn)

He/she's in his/her forty's: Anda por los 40

He/she's in his/her early forty's: Anda por los 40 y poco
He/she's in his/her late forty's: Anda por los 40 y muchos
He's getting bald: Tiene entradas
She's hell-off: Ella es pudiente
She has wrinkles: tiene arrugas
She's wrinkled: Est arrugada
Stylish: hortera
Highlights: mechas
Evening dress: vestido de noche
Bullfighter: torero
He isn't my tipe: No es mi tipo
Hell-built: cachas
Hairy: peludo
What's he/she like?: Cmo es l/ella (de personalidad)
Clever = bright = smart
Funny: simptico, gracioso
Fun: divertido
Mean = stingy = tight

Vocabulary
On a blind date: una cita a ciegas
Journey: viaje
Trip: excursin / viaje de negocios
Online dating: ligar por internet
Profile: perfil
Outgoing: sociable
Go clubbing: ir de copas
To chat someone up: ligar = to flirt
Flatmate: compaero de piso
Introduce: presentar
A nice smile: bonita sonrisa
Is she going to see him again?: Volver ella a verlo de nuevo?
What does she think of him?: Qu piensa ella de l?
Think (believe: creer) I think Mary is Canadian but I'm not sure
Think (consider: considerar) Anna is thinking about giving up her job
Give up: dejar

Present simple (pgina 126 del libro)

For rutines. Things that e really do (para cosas que hacemos normalmente)

1.- +
Subject + infinitive +objects
+ -s/ .es (en 3 persona del singular)
We study English
My sister reads a lot

En 3 persona hay que poner -es (pronunciado /z/) cuando:

Cuando el infinitivo acaba en sh
ch
x
s/ss
z
o
Cuando acaba en: consonant + y -ies

My sister washes the car

Wash: lavar
My sister watches TV
/z/
My sister relaxes in the gym
My friend misses me: Mi amigo me echa de menos
My friend goes to school
The bee buzzes: La abeja zumba
He studies Italian
He plays tennis (3 persona normal, porque no acaba en consonante + y, sino en vocal + y)
2.-
Subject + don't/doesn't (3 persona singular) +infinitive + objects

She doesn't study English

We don't go to school

3.- ?
Do/Does (3 persona singular) + subject + infinitive + objetcts ?

Do you get up?: A qu hora te levantas?

Do you smoke?: Fumas?
Does your sister some?: Fuma tu hermana?

4.- ?
Don't Do not
Doesn't (3 persona sigular) Does not
+ subject + infinitive + objetcts ?

Sin contraer slo se usa en escritos formales o para enfatizar una negativa

We usually use the present simple with adverbs and expressions of frequency

*Adverbs of frequency:
Always: siempre
Often; a menudo
Sometimes: a veces
Usually: normalmente
Hardly ever: casi nunca
Never: nunca

They are placed before the main verb (Van colocados delante del verbo principal)
But after to be or can, pero si el verbo es to be o can, despus

I never go to the cinema (Es incorrecto I don't never go to the cinema, never siempre tiene que ir
con el verbo en positivo)

* Expressions of frequency
Once a day: una vez al da
Twice a week: dos veces a la semana
Three times a month: tres veces al mes
Four times a year: cuatro veces al ao
Every day: todos los das
Every month: todos los meses
Every week: todas las semanas
Every year: todos los aos
Ten times a year: 10 veces al ao

They are place at the end of the sentence (Se colocan al final de la frase como en espaol-)

Composition
Dear Fiona:
I'm writing to tell you about my friend Jaime. I'd like to introduce him to you. I think you'd like
him.
He's a chef, he works at a good restaurant in Huesca called Fontao. He's 40 years old and he
doesn't have a girlfriend. I don't understand because he's very nice and quite handsome.
He has curly black hair and big brown eyes. He's medium height and slim.
He loves restoring old furniture. He's a handyman!
He also enjoys reading, specially historical novels. But he doen't like going out because he dislikes
bars and clubs, he prefers to spend the evenings at friends' houses. He's a bit shy.
He lives alone in the city center. He has a small flat that he has decorated with restored furniture and
many books.
And that's all for now.
Let me know when you come and we will contac you!
Best wishes.

Vocabulary
Weekly: semanal
A good sense of humour: buen sentido del humor
Below: abajo
To be into: Estar interesado en
Perhaps: quizs
I'm afraid: Me temo que
Do you agree with her?: Ests de acuerdo con ella?

Thigs you wear (pgina 151 del libro)

Wear: for clothes and jewellery /glasses, etc. - She's wearing a hat. He's wearing sunglasses
Carry: for bags, cases, suitcases, etc. - She's carrying a bag
Dress: (with no object) to describe the kind of clothes people wear. - The italians dress very well.
Jane always dresses in black.

Looking herself in the mirror

Make up: maquillaje
Red lipstick: pintalabios rojo
On evening dress: vestido de fiesta
Sequins: lentejuelas
Lace: encaje
Studs: tachuelas
Casual clothes
Ankle boots: botines
Fake fur coats: abrigos de piel sinttica
Pyjamas: pijama (siemple es plural)
Slippers: zapatillas
Joggers: pantaln de chandal
Sweats: sudaderas
Overcoat: bata
Bathrobe: albornoz (literalmente, vestido de bao)
A navy cardigan: chaqueta marinera
At a clothes shop: en una tienda de ropa
He's in the dressing = He's in the changing room

Present continuous: be+verb+ing (pgina 126 del libro)

Structure: To be (present) + infinitive+ing
El inifinitive+ing equivale en espaol a nuestro gerundio, a las formas verbales terminadas en ando,
endo.

Ejemplo oraciones positivas:

She is doing her homework (Ella est haciendo sus deberes)
She is doing her homework at the moment

Ejemplo oraciones negativas:

They aren`t listening to the teacher (Ellos no ests escuchando a la profesora)

Ejemplo oraciones interrogativas:

What are you doing? (Qu estis haciendo?)

En respuestas cortas se contesta con el verbo to be

Spelling (verbos especiales)

- Move - moving
Si el verbo termina en "e", antes de aadir la "ing" se quita la "e".
Exceptions: being (to be), seeing (to see: visualizar, ver)
Ejemplos:
They are making a film (Ellos estn haciendo una pelcula)

- Get - getting
Los verbos de una sla slaba, y algunos de 2 slabas (estos ltimos no todos), si terminan en
consonante+una sla volcal+consonante, doblan la consonante final antes de aadir "ing".
Travel-travelling (en ingls britnico, en americano este verbo no se dobla)

-Lie - lying
Si el infinitivo termina en "ie", la "ie" se transforma en "y" antes de aadir "ing".
She's lying (Ella est mintiendo)
Tie (atar) - tying
Die (morir) dying
She's studying (Ella est estudiando)

Ejemplos varios:
My brother ir running a marathon (Mi hermano est corriendo una maratn)
My brother is waiting for me (Mi hermano me est esperando)

Use the present continuous:

1.- For things that are happening now, at this moment

2.- For temporary things that are happening now, this week, etc

3.- To describe a picture

4.- Always + present continuous: Para expresar molestias

He's always compliting (Siempre se est quejando)

5.- To describe clothes (What is she wearing?. She's wearing a coat.)

6.- For futurs plans (arrangemente): para planes futuros fijos

Ejemplos:
I'm visiting my granny after class (Voy a visitar - o ir a visitar- a mi abuela despus de clase)
She's travelling to California a Easter (Ella va a viajar a California en Semana Santa)

Estos planes no pueden ser declaraciones de intenciones, sino que debe haber intencin de llevarlos
a cabo.

No van en presente continuo los State verbs (Verbos de estado)

Verbos que no son de situacin, sino de estado, as que nunca pueden ir en presente continuo.
Love, hate, like, prefer, think, dislike, small, taste (saborear), hear, need,...

Pronunciation
// - schwa, no se pronuncia, va en slabas dbiles (weak syllables). Siempre aparece con estas
terminaciones:
or (muchas profesiones terminadas en or: doctor,...)
er
re
al
ant
ion
ure
ous (famous /'fems/, generous, gorgeous (fabuloso, maravilloso)
tion (reaction /ri'kn/ , information,...)

// - e larga (en el paladar va mucho ms arriba que nuestra e). Terminaciones:

ur (fur: pelaje)
ir (girl, shirt, bird)
Exceptional er: prefer /prf/
Exceptional - or: world, work, word

Prepositions of places
in: en, dentro de (se usa siempre cuando equivale a dentro de)
in front of: delante de (no es enfrente de)
on: en, sobre (se usa siempre cuando equivale a on, es lo que est sobre algo, tocando la superficie)
under: debajo de
behind: detrs de
between: entre
opposite: en frente de
nex to: al lado, junto a
over: encima, sobre (encima o sobre algo sin tocar superficie)
on the left / on the right
in the middle

Vocabulary
Holding: sosteniendo
Holding hands: cogidos de las manos
Lying in the floor: echado en el suelo
bench: banco para sentarse
A belly bear: barriga cervecera (barriga de oso, literalmente)
Touching: tocando
Landscape: paisaje
Sight: lugar turstico
Museum: museo
Exhibition: exposicin
Picture: cuadro
Sculpture: escultura
Statue: estatua

Cab: taxi de Nueva York

He's fun to be with: Es divertido estar con l
She's fun to be with: Es divertido estar con ella
It's going to be great to see him again: Va a ser genial verlo de nuevo
He isn't very punctual = He's always late (l no es muy puntual. l llega siempre tarde).
El nmero de habitacin de un hotel se dice, cuando tiene ms de 2 dgitos, de cifra en cifra. Ej:
habitacin 613: room six, one, three.
I'll send somebody up to look at it right now: Le envo (es futuro, contraccin de will + infinitiv, "le
enviar", si bien la forma en futuro del ingls, tambin sirve para expresar una intencin una
determinacin) a alguien a verlo ahora mismo .
Right now: ahora mismo, inmediatamente

I'm sorry to bother you again: Siento molestarte otra vez

I'll put you through to IT: Te paso con el Departamento de Informtica

To put somebody through to : Pasar a alguien con

*Sobre el tiempo futuro: Will + infinitiv. En negativo Will not, forma negativa contrada: Won't

It isn't working = It doesn't work (no funciona). There is no WI-Fi (No hay WI-FI, el "no" va sin la
"t" al final).

The heating isn't working (No funciona la calefaccin) It's very cold in my room.
There's a problem with the pipes: Hay un problema con las tuberas
There's a problem with my washbasin: Hay un problema con mi lavabo
There are no towels: No hay toallas
There are no blankets: No hay mantas
There are noisy guests: Hay huspedes ruidosos

To send somebody to fix = To send somebody to mend = To send somebody to repair it (mandar a
alguien para reparlo).

Stop + verb+ing (gerundio) = Evitar algo. I stop smoking: Evito fumar

They seem to be having breakfast Parece que estn desayunando
To be looking forward to + infinitiv: estar impaciente por... (desear algo)
Rob is going to get lost: Rob va a perderse
Here you are at last (Aqu estamos por fin)
Good view: buenas vistas
You must be really tired: Tienes que estar muy cansado
To must be: Tener que estar, deber estar (To must: terner que, deber)
To guess = I think (Creer, pensar)
I guess you're right (Creo que tienes razn)
By the way: Por cierto, a propsito