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Air pollution is the mixing of any harmful substances to the atmosphere fresh air causing huge
level of damages, human health disorders, reducing the quality of life, etc. Air pollution is
increasing day by day because of the increasing number of industries. Such polluted air never
remains at one place however spread to whole environment and affecting the lives of the
people all through the world. Death rates of the human beings have been increased because of
increased variety of diseases. The polluted air we breathe every moment causing lungs
disorders and even lung cancer thus affecting the health of other body organs.
Air pollution is continuously damaging the whole ecological system and affecting the lives of
plants and animals as well. It has reached to the critical stage and affecting the whole
atmosphere by allowing more harmful radiations from the sun to the earth. Again polluted air
acts as a better insulator which prevents heat to get escaped back into the space.
Industrialization process releases many harmful gases, particles, paint and batteries contains
lead, cigarettes releases carbon monoxide, transport means releases CO2 and other toxic
substances to the atmosphere. All the pollutants are being in contact with the atmosphere,
destroying the ozone layer and calling harmful rays of sun to the earth. In order to reduce the
level of air pollution we should bring some huge changes to our habits on daily basis. We
should not cut trees, use public transportation, avoid spray cans, and so many activities in the
favor to reduce the effects of air pollution.
Other source of the air pollution is decomposition of garbage in landfills and disposal of solid
wastes which are emitting methane gas (dangerous to the health). Rapid growth of population,
industrialization, increased use of automobiles, aeroplanes, etc has made this issue a serious
environmental problem. The air we breathe every moment is full of pollutants going to our
lungs and whole body through blood causing uncountable health problems. Polluted air is
causing damage to the plants, animals and human beings in many direct and indirect ways. If
the environmental protection policies are not followed seriously and strictly, the increasing level
of air pollution may increase up to one million tons annually in the recent decades.
Burning of fossil fuels such as coal, petroleum including other factory combustibles are the
major causes of air pollution. Variety of smoke emissions from the automobiles such as cars,
buses, motorcycles, trucks, jeeps, trains, aeroplanes, etc are also causing air pollution.
Increasing number of industries is causing release of toxic industrial smokes and harmful gases
(like carbon monoxide, organic compounds, hydrocarbons, chemicals, etc) from the factories
and mills to the environment. Some indoor activities of the people like innocent use of cleaning
products, washing powders, paints etc emits various toxic chemicals to the air.
The ever increasing level of air pollution also enhances its negative and harmful effects to the
health of living beings. Air pollution is causing global warming to increase because of increasing
atmospheric temperature due to the increasing level of green house gases. Such green house
gases again causing green house effect and forcing sea levels to increase, glaciers to melt,
weather to change, climate to change, etc. Increasing air pollution is causing many lethal
diseases (cancer, heart attack, asthma, bronchitis, kidney diseases, etc) and death to occur.
Various important animals and plants species have been destroyed completely from this
planet. Increasing level of harmful gases in the environment are causing the occurrence of acid
rain and depleting the ozone layer.
Man-made sources of the air pollution are industries, agriculture, power plants, automobiles,
domestic sources, etc. Some of the air pollutants from the man-made sources are like smokes,
dust, fumes, particulate matters, gases from kitchen, domestic heating, emissions from
different vehicles, use of insecticides, pesticides, herbicides, heat created from power plants,
smokes, fly ash, etc. Because of the increasing number of air pollutants, it has been divided into
two types such as primary pollutants and secondary pollutants. Primary pollutants are those
affecting the fresh air directly and emitted from smoke, ash, dust, fumes, mist, spray, inorganic
gases, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, sulphur dioxide, hydrogen sulphide, ammonia, nitric
oxide and radioactive compounds. Secondary pollutants are those affecting the air indirectly by
chemical interactions to the primary pollutants and other atmospheric constituents such as
sulphur-trioxide, ozone, hydrocarbons, nitrogen dioxide, etc.
The get together effort of the human beings all over the world may help in controlling the level
of air pollution. The establishment of industrial estates should be away from residential areas,
motivate use of tall chimneys (with filters and electrostatic precipitators) instead of small,
promote use of high temperature incinerators, use of non-combustive sources of energy,
promote use of non-lead antiknock agents in the gasoline, promote re-plantation and so many
positive efforts.