SOAP in prewriting

Prewriting is the first stage of the writing process, and may include planning,
research, outlining, diagramming, storyboarding or clustering (see also mind-
mapping).

SOAP-STone is an acronym for a series of questions that you must first ask
yourself, and then answer, as you begin to plan your composition.

Subject: Who or what are you writing about? Is it abstract or concrete?

Is it current or timeless? Is it specific or general?
Occasion: What idea or incident is inspiring this need for persuasion?
What is the larger occasion or context (the broader issue) that prompted the
piece? What is the immediate occasion?
Audience: To whom is the writing/text addressed or directed? How is the
message tailored to the needs of a specific group? What do they believe about
the subject? Are they a supportive or skeptical audience?
Purpose: Why does the text exist? What is the goal of the speaker? What
specifically do you want the audience to realize? What action does the speaker
wish the audience to take?
The original SOAP was extended by two additional areas:
Speaker: Who is talking or writing? What authority does this person?
How did the person earn the opportunity to deliver the message?
Tone: The spoken word conveys the speaker's attitude and can thus help
to impart meaning through tone of voice. With the written word, it is tone that
extends meaning beyond the literal, and the diction (choice of words), syntax
(sentence construction), and imagery (metaphors, similes, and other types of
figurative language) should emphasize the intended purpose.

Transition Words and Phrases

This structured list of commonly used English transition words approximately 200, can be
considered as quasi complete. It can be used (by students and teachers alike) to find the right
expression. English transition words are essential, since they not only connect ideas, but also
can introduce a certain shift, contrast or opposition, emphasis or agreement, purpose, result or
conclusion, etc. in the line of argument.
The transition words and phrases have been assigned only once to somewhat artificial
categories, although some words belong to more than one category.
There is some overlapping with preposition and postposition, but for the purpose of clarity and
completeness of this concise guide, I did not differentiate.

Agreement / Addition / Similarity

The transition words like also, in addition, and, likewise, add
information, reinforce ideas, and express agreement with preceding
material.

in the first place

not only ... but also
as a matter of fact
in like manner
in addition
coupled with
in the same fashion / way
first, second, third
in the light of
not to mention
to say nothing of
equally important
by the same token
again
to
and
also
then
equally
identically
uniquely
like
as
too
 moreover
as well as
together with
of course
likewise
comparatively
correspondingly
similarly
furthermore
additionally

Opposition / Limitation / Contradiction

Transition phrases like but, rather and or, express that there is evidence to
thecontrary or point out alternatives, and thus introduce a change the line of
reasoning (contrast).

although this may be true

in contrast
different from
of course ..., but
on the other hand
on the contrary
at the same time
in spite of
even so / though
be that as it may
then again
above all
in reality
 after all
but
(and) still
unlike
or
(and) yet
while
albeit
besides
as much as
even though
although
instead
whereas
despite
conversely
otherwise
however
rather
nevertheless
nonetheless
regardless
notwithstanding

Cause / Condition / Purpose

These transitional phrases present specific conditions or intentions.

in the event that

granted (that)
as / so long as
on (the) condition (that)
for the purpose of
with this intention
with this in mind
in the hope that
to the end that
for fear that
in order to
seeing / being that
in view of
If
... then
unless

when
whenever
while

because of
as
since
while
lest
in case
provided that
given that
only / even if
so that
so as to
owing to
 inasmuch as
due to

Examples / Support / Emphasis

These transitional devices (like especially) are used to introduce examples
assupport, to indicate importance or as an illustration so that an idea is
cued to the reader.

in other words
to put it differently
for one thing
as an illustration
in this case
for this reason
to put it another way
that is to say
with attention to
by all means

important to realize
another key point
first thing to remember
most compelling evidence
must be remembered
point often overlooked
to point out
on the positive side
on the negative side
with this in mind
notably
including
like
to be sure
namely
chiefly
truly
indeed
certainly
surely
markedly
such as

especially
explicitly
specifically
expressly
surprisingly
frequently
significantly
particularly
in fact
in general
in particular
in detail
for example
for instance
to demonstrate
to emphasize
to repeat
 to clarify
to explain
to enumerate

Effect / Consequence / Result

Some of these transition words (thus, then, accordingly, consequently,
therefore, henceforth) are time words that are used to show that after a
particular time there was a consequence or an effect.
Note that for and because are placed before the cause/reason. The other
devices are placed before the consequences or effects.

as a result
under those circumstances
in that case
for this reason
in effect
for
thus
because the
then
hence
consequently
therefore
thereupon
forthwith
accordingly
henceforth
Conclusion / Summary / Restatement
These transition words and phrases conclude, summarize and /
or restate ideas, or indicate a final general statement. Also some words
(like therefore) from the Effect / Consequence category can be used to
summarize.

as can be seen
generally speaking
in the final analysis
all things considered
as shown above
in the long run
given these points
as has been noted
in a word
for the most part
after all
in fact
in summary
in conclusion
in short
in brief
in essence
to summarize
on balance
altogether
overall
ordinarily
usually
by and large
to sum up
 on the whole
in any event
in either case
all in all

Obviously
Ultimately
Definitely

Time / Chronology / Sequence

These transitional words (like finally) have the function of limiting, restricting,
and defining time. They can be used either alone or as part of adverbial
expressions.

at the present time

from time to time
sooner or later
at the same time
up to the present time
to begin with
in due time
as soon as
as long as
in the meantime
in a moment
without delay
in the first place
all of a sudden
at this instant
first, second
immediately
quickly
finally
after
later
last
until
till
since
then
before
hence
since
when
once
about
next
now

formerly
suddenly
shortly
henceforth
whenever
eventually
meanwhile
further
during
in time
 prior to
forthwith
straightaway

by the time
whenever

until now
now that

instantly
presently
occasionally

Many transition words in the time category (consequently; first, second,

third; further; hence; henceforth; since; then, when; and whenever) have
other uses.
Except for the numbers (first, second, third) and further they add a
meaning of timein expressing conditions, qualifications, or reasons. The
numbers are also used to add information or list examples. Further is also
used to indicate added space as well as added time.

Space / Location / Place

These transition words are often used as part of adverbial expressions and
have the function to restrict, limit or qualify space. Quite a few of these are
also found in theTime category and can be used to describe spatial order or
spatial reference.

in the middle
to the left/right
in front of
on this side
in the distance
here and there
in the foreground
in the background
in the center of

adjacent to
opposite to
here
there
next
where
from
over
near
above
below
down
up
under
further
beyond
nearby
wherever
around
between
before
alongside
amid
 among
beneath
beside
behind
across

List of Transition Words

 Transition Words are also sometimes called (or put in the category of)
Connecting Words. Please feel free todownload them via this link to the
category page:
Linking Words & Connecting Words as a PDF.

It contains all the transition words listed on this site. The image to the left
gives you an impression how it looks like.

Usage of Transition Words in Essays

Transition words and phrases are vital devices for essays, papers or other
literary compositions. They improve the connections and transitions between
sentences and paragraphs. They thus give the text a logical organization and
structure (see also: a List of Synonyms).
All English transition words and phrases (sometimes also called
'conjunctive adverbs') do the same work as coordinating conjunctions: they
connect two words, phrases or clauses together and thus the text is easier to
read and the coherence is improved.

Usage: transition words are used with a special rule for punctuation: a
semicolon or a period is used after the first 'sentence', and a comma is almost
always used to set off the transition word from the second 'sentence'.
Example 1:
People use 43 muscles when they frown; however, they use only 28
muscles when they smile.

Example 2:
However, transition words can also be placed at the beginning of a new
paragraph or sentence - not only to indicate a step forward in the
reasoning, but also to relate the new material to the preceding thoughts.

Use a semicolon to connect sentences, only if the group of words on either

side of the semicolon is a complete sentence each (both must have a subject
and a verb, and could thus stand alone as a complete thought).
Meaning of Synonyms

This collection of synonyms and antonyms also explains the meaning of synonyms to learn how to use them in
in spoken words or writing. The meaning of synonyms is highly important in writing essays, papers, abstracts,
etc. The selection of the words is centered mainly around words for communication, language and speech.

When moving the cursor over the marked words, a tooltip with the meaning of the synonym is displayed.

Communication: Synonyms for words related to speech

assume conjecture fancy guess hint at

hypothesize imagine imply indicate infer

ponder posit postulate predict premise

presume presuppose reckon suppose speculate

surmise suspect test theorize think

wonder

discuss analyze annotate chat chatter

check chime in chin chitchat comment on

communicate conclude confabulate confer consult

converse continue debate deliberate discourse

evaluate inquire of meet negotiate palaver

parley pass judgment powwow ramble on reason

on

review schmooze speak talk talk over

thrash out turn to wrangle

thrash out

approve accede accept accord acknowledg

add admit affirm agree allow

avow assure concede concur confess

confirm consent grant permit praise

promise recommend sanction welcome yield

 deny ban contradict contravene decline

dispute enjoin forbid gainsay impugn

interdict negate negative prohibit proscribe

rebuf refuse refute reject repudiate

spurn traverse

argue accuse balk at be at odds with bicker

caterwaul chide complain conflict correct

counter dare debate deviate difer

disagree disapprove dispute dissent fight

fling back frown on gossip hassle hurl back

interject nag object oppose protest

quarrel quibble retaliate revolt at shudder at

squabble tease urge vilify wrangle

lie bamboozle beguile betray counterfeit

deceive delude disguise distort dupe

fabricate falsify feign fib forge

forswear make believe mislead misrepresent perjure

pretend prevaricate rig sham simulate

Synonyms for idea

idea aim ambition apperception arrangement

aspiration belief blueprint clue composition

concept contrivance course of actiondesign device

diagram expedient figure format glimmer

goal grand design hunch intent image

inkling insight intention interpretation intimation

intuition maneuver master plan mental picture method

motif notion objective opinion pattern

perception picture plan plot premonition

procedure proposal project purpose resolution

road-map scheme strategy suspicion system

tactics target thought understanding view

way

agreement accord affinity alikeness analogy

concord congruity correspondence harmony homogeneit

likeness parallelism resemblance similarity uniformity

difference at odds conflict contention contradiction

contrast deviation diference disagreement discord

discrepancy disparity dissension dissidence dissimilarity

distinction divergence division feud friction

gap hornet's nest incompatibility inconsistency strife

unlikeness variance variation

Download

Synonyms for Ask

ask beg beseech delve

catechize

demand entreat examine explore

debrief

grill inquire insist interrogate investigate

petition plead pled pray propose to

probe pry query question quiz

request spy suggest to

Synonyms for Answer

answer quip react rebut rejoin

reply respond retort riposte sass

talk back write back

Synonyms for Say

say allege articulate assert avow

chorus contend enounce enunciate maintain

mouth profess pronounce speak sound

utter verbalize vocalize voice

The following words all describe manners of speaking or tones of voice (often reflecting the emotional state
of the speaker) and should be used when necessary and appropriate.

said babble bark bawl beam

bellow bleat blurt boast brag

cajole cheer choke chuckle cough

crow cry drawl fret fulminate

gasp giggle groan growl grumble

grunt hiss holler howl jeer

laugh lisp marvel mimic moan

mumble murmur mutter muse nod

pant pipe quaver rant roar

scold scream screech shout shriek

sigh sing smile smirk snap

snarl sneer sneeze snicker sniff

snort sob sputter squawk squeak

stammer storm thunder trumpet vociferate

wail weep whimper whine whisper

worry yell

It is not recommended to just use said. Try to balance your dialogue words between said and its synonyms.
Said is a mighty verb (to be exact: Past tense and past participle of say)! There are times when it makes sense
to use it. Other times, it's a proper idea to select a synonym instead of said. A distinguished writer employs
alternatives, often harmonizing the use of similar words. Have a look at some of your favorite novels, short
stories, newspaper and magazine articles to help you to dwell further into this subject.

Synonyms for Call

call baptize brand christen denominate

denote designate dub entitle label

name nickname peg stamp tag

term title trademark

Synonyms for Announce

announce address advert advertise advocate

allude animadvert beat the drum bespeak betoken

for

blazon boost bring up broadcast celebrate

champion claim comment confide declare

exclaim express extol hype indicate

mention name note observe play up

point to praise proclaim promote promulgate

propagandize publicize puff push publish

refer remark report restate reveal

sell state talk up touch upon tout

trumpet vow

Synonyms for Denounce

denounce accuse arraign asperse blame

brand calumniate censure challenge charge with

condemn correct criticize defame denunciate

deplore fault implicate incriminate inculpate

indict libel malign pillory shame

slander tax traduce vilify

Synonyms for Tell

tell adduce behest characterize cite

chronicle coax command communicate convince

dictate delineate divulge enumerate impart

mandate narrate quote recapitulate recite

relate report review spin stipulate

Synonyms for Repeat

repeat echo iterate rehash reiterate

restate retell
Synonyms for Describe
describe characterize couch express formulate
lay out narrate phrase recite record
recount relate report represent term
word

Synonyms for Explain

explain account for brief clarify construe
define demonstrate elaborate elucidate explicate
expound get across illuminate illustrate interpret
justify make clear portray spell out

Synonyms for Show

show disclose display divulge emerge
exhibit expose flaunt indicate manifest
materialize note parade point to / out present
prove reveal stage unfold unveil

Synonyms for Inform

inform acquaint advise apprise assure
caution clue in counsel edify familiarize
forewarn fill in guide impose instruct
lecture notify post ordain reassure
tip off warn wise up

Synonyms for Talkative

talkative articulate babbling boisterous chatty

deafening earsplitting eloquent gabby garrulous

glib gossipy high-pitched intense long-winded

loquacious loud noisy obstreperous pandemoniac

pealing prolix pronounced rambunctious raucous

resonant resounding roaring roisterous sonorous

stentorian strident talky thundering uproarious

vehement verbal vocal vocalized

verbose

voluble wordy

Synonyms for Quiet

quiet buttoned up clammed up close-mouthed dumb

hushed inarticulate incommunicative inefable

inaudible

inexpressible inexpressive low-pitched muffled mum

mute noiseless quiescent reserved restrained

reticent secretive shushed silent silentious

soundless speechless still taciturn tight-lippe

tongue-tied tranquil uncommunicative unspeakable whist

These english synonyms for words used in writing has been arranged by categories. For each
word (terrible, sad, poor,frustrated, stubborn, inflexible, horrible, ...) you will find about 10
to 40 synonyms. Antonyms are included in the sense, that the words consists mostly of pairs
which have the opposite meaning.
sad bleak dejected depressed desolate
dingy discouraged dismal doleful dreary
forlornly gloomy glum grievous grim
heart broken lonely lugubrious melancholic miserable
mopish morose mournful poor seamy
somber sordid sorrowful sulky sullen
temperamental unfortunate unhappy wistful wretched
frustrated balked disappointed discontented foiled
thwarted
stubborn adamant hardheaded inflexible obdurate
obstinate relentless unyielding
terrible abhorrent abominable appalling awful
bizarre calamitous dire disastrous dreadful
fearful formidable freakish frightful ghastly
grotesque gruesome heinous horrible horrid
lurid odious painful terrifying tragic
unctuous
aggressive bellicose belligerent combative hawkish
merciless presumptuous pugnacious ruthless self-assertive
angry enraged exasperated furious incensed
indignant livid mad outraged wrathful
evil abusive baneful contaminated contemptible
corrupt cruel demonic depraved despicable
devilish diabolic ferocious fiendish fierce
heartless hellish infernal inimical malicious
nasty nefarious nether perfidious putrefied
savage scrupulous sinister sneaky spiteful
spoiled tainted treacherous venal vile
villainous wicked
quarrelsome blatant boisterous cantankerous clamorous
conspicuously contentious cross deafening disagreeable
fretful hysterical jealous litigious mean
mean-spirited militant nasty noisy offensively
ornery peevish pugnacious rambunctious recalcitrant
renitent roisterous strident testy touchy
truculent unpleasant vociferous

This page provides some assorted information about Linguistics & Philosophy,
language related scientific studies and speech patterns.
English Synonyms

This assemblage of English synonyms would not be complete, without listing some commonly used synonyms for
the term "ACTION" - beginning and stopping , and related expressions.

Performing an Action

decide adopt agree call shots choose

commit oneself conclude decree determine elect

form an opinion go for judge opt for pick

rule resolve select settle on take a stan

plan aim arrange aspire assign

book concoct conspire contemplate contrive

coordinate design devise draft draw up

envisage establish fabricate fix foresee

frame get ready intend intrigue map out

orchestrate organize outline plot prearrange

prepare program register schedule scheme

set up slate straighten take measures take precautions

target think out

think calculate conjecture fancy guess

hypothesize imagine infer intuit presume

presuppose reason reckon speculate surmise

suspect theorize

action accomplishment achievement act activity

approach attempt behavior best practice bringing a

composition conduct consummation coup deed

discharge doing efectuation efort enactmen

endeavor enterprise execution exercise exploit

feat fruition fulfillment implementation maneuver

masterstroke modus operandi operation performance perpetrati

play presentation practice procedure proceeding

project realization running struggle stunt

transaction trial undertaking venture work

ability adeptness aptitude capability capacity

cleverness command competence craft efectiveness

efficacy endowment expertise expertness facility

faculty flair genius gift knack

know-how makings mastery material means

might mind potency potential productiveness

professionalism proficiency quality savvy skill

specialization stuf talent wherewithal

Synonyms - Action & Doing | Movement

Download all the English synonyms of this category related to the terms
of Actions and Doingas a PDF file (300KB).

Download all the synonyms with sentences of this category related to the
terms of Movementsas a PDF file (300KB).

Synonyms for Postpone

 postpone adjourn dally defer delay

hold off hold over hold up on lay over linger

mull play for time prorogue put off put on hold

put on ice put over remit respite shelve

stall stay stonewall suspend take one's

time

tarry temporize

Synonyms for Hesitate

hesitate alternate be irresolute be uncertain blow hot and

cold

dither falter hang back seesaw shift

shilly-shally switch vacillate waffle wag

waggle waver whiffle yo-yo

Synonyms for Resume

resume begin over carry on continue forge ahead

go on keep moving pick up proceed progress

recapitulate recommence reestablish reinstate renew

reopen restore return to take up

Synonyms for Follow

follow effect ensue replace result

succeed supplant supersede supervene

Synonyms for Result

result breed bring forth bring on bring to p

cause educe effect effectuate elicit

engender evoke excite get things rolling give rise

impel induce initiate kindle lead to

make mediate occasion open operate

originate precipitate procure produce prompt

provoke set in motion spark spur wreak

Synonyms for Sort

sort alphabetize arrange catalogue categorize
classify codify collate configure file
grade group harmonize index integrate
interfile order organize position rank
register reorder reorganize size space
systematize tidy type unify

Synonyms for Label

label brand call christen define
denominate designate determine diagnose dub
flag identify imprint price mark
name note sign stamp tab
tag tally term ticket title

Synonyms for Start

start activate begin bring forward commence
embark on enter upon get underway inaugurate initiate
introduce kick off launch open originate
set about set into motion start operation to boldly go

Synonyms for Stop

stop abandon abolish abrogate annul
avert bar block break up cancel
cease close conclude countermand cut off
dam desist discontinue disrupt eliminate
end expire finalize finish foreclose
forestall give up halt hamper hinder
impede interfere interrupt obstruct obviate
pause preclude prevent quit quash
settle shut down suspend terminate

Synonyms for Fast

fast accelerated alacritous breakneck brisk
celeritous expeditious fleet hasty hurried
hustling lightning-quick nimble quick rapid
responsive speedy swift

Synonyms for Slow

slow adagio andante behind creeping
deliberate dilatory gradual laggard late
leaden-footed leisurely slack slow-footed slow-going
sluggardly sluggish snail-like static steady
tardy tortoise-like unhurried

Synonyms for Move

move actuate advance budge change

dislocate dislodge drag drift evacuate

exchange fling initiate migrate proceed

progress propel push put in motion relocate

remove roam roll shift shove

shuffle slide slip slither slump

split stagger stir switch tear

transfer transpose traverse whisk wobble

Synonyms for Come

come advance appear approach arrive

break through check in emerge land make it

near pop in reach show up

Synonyms for Get

get accumulate acquire collect derive

fetch gain gather obtain procure

secure

Synonyms for Put

put assign attach attribute do

effect establish launch locate place

position send set set aside site

situate

Synonyms for Keep

keep detain guard hold look after

maintain pocket preserve reserve retain

save support sustain withhold

Synonyms for Take

take assume bereave buy capture

catch choose confiscate consume engage

gather grab grasp hold lift

occupy pick prefer purchase recall

remove retract rob seize select

steal win

Nouns: PLACE: A particular region or geographic sector / RANGE: A defined

area for action, influence, or control

Words for Place & Space

place abode area district domain
dwelling environment field habitat haunt
home locality location lot neighborhood
oasis plot precinct province quarter
realm region residence room set
section site space spot state
station terrain territory tract vault
zone

Words for Range & Scope

range ambit breadth circle compass
control extension extent horizon influence
orbit purview radius reach realm
scope span sphere spread stretch