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. HENRY FORD
Henry Ford was an American inventor who is credited with
inventing the automobile assembly line. German
automaker, Karl Benz, is credited with inventing the first
motor vehicle in the late 1880s, but Ford was the man who
made it possible for everyday citizens to own one. Before
Ford came up with his assembly line process, cars were
built one at a time by hand, which was a very costly and
inefficient method of production. Ford's assembly line
revolutionized the way cars were built, and his methods are
still in use today.

In 1886, Benz patented his Motorwagen, which was a four-

wheel, two-passenger, self-powered motor coach that was
designed to replace the horse and carriage. These vehicles
were expertly crafted, but were available to only the
wealthiest people of the time. Thanks to Ford, that all
changed in 1906. His Ford Motor Company, the first
automobile company to use assembly line techniques to
build cars. transformed the automobile from an expensive
curiosity to a practical tool that could be used to transport
people and goods easily and efficiently. His first mass-
produced product was the Model T. It remains one of the
most sold vehicles ever, and was the first to reach 15 million
sales.
Ford's impact on the 20th Century cannot be overstated. At
one time it was estimated that nine out of 10 vehicles on
American roads were Fords. His cars spurred the American
economy like no other single factor. The country's roadways
were built in response to the great number of vehicles Ford
and subsequent American automakers produced.
Additionally, Ford's vehicles created a network of support
industries such as parts, repair, and maintenance services.
It also caused a revolution in how goods were transported
in the country. Henry Ford was a true American icon.

Vocabulary

1. assembly
2. carriage

3. coach

4. curiosity

5. inefficient

6. estimate

7. impact

8. inventor

9. maintenance

10.patent

11.spur

12.subsequent

13.transport
Comprehension

1. Ford is credited with inventing ____________.

1. ? cars
2. ? the automobile assembly line
3. ? the idea of car dealers
4. ? gas stops
2. What was wrong with Motorwagens?
5. ? they broke down easily
6. ? it was made by a bad person
7. ? it decrease the horse population
8. ? they're expensive
3. ____________ was Ford's first mass-produced product
9. ? Model T
10. ? Model F
11. ? Fordster
12. ? Wagon
4. ____________ were built because of the high number of
vehicles produced
13. ? traffic lights
14. ? roadways
15. ? stores
16. ? carriages
5. Ford's vehicles created a network of all these support
services, except ____________.
17. ? parts
18. ? repair
19. ? maintenance
20. ? honks
CLOZE
Henry Ford was an American inventor who is with inventing the
automobile assembly line. German automaker, Benz, is credited with
inventing the first motor in the late 1880s, but Ford was the who
made it possible for everyday citizens to one. Before Ford came up with
his assembly process, cars were built one at a time hand, which
was a very costly and inefficient of production. Ford's assembly line
revolutionized the way were built, and his methods are still in
today.

In 1886, Benz patented his Motorwagen, which a four-wheel, two-

passenger, self-powered motor coach that was to replace the horse and
carriage. These vehicles expertly crafted, but were available to only the
people of the time. Thanks to Ford, that changed in 1906. His
Ford Motor Company, the automobile company to use assembly line
techniques to cars. transformed the automobile from an expensive
curiosity a practical tool that could be used to people and
goods easily and efficiently. His first -produced product was the Model T.
It remains one the most sold vehicles ever, and was the to reach
15 million sales.

Ford's impact on 20th Century cannot be understated. At one time

was estimated that nine out of 10 vehicles American roads were Fords.
His cars spurred the economy like no other single factor. The country's
were built in response to the great number vehicles Ford and
subsequent American automakers produced. Additionally, 's vehicles
created a network of support industries such parts, repair, and
maintenance services. It also caused revolution in how goods were
transported in the . Henry Ford was a true American icon.
. STEVEN SPIELBERG
One of the finest Hollywood directors in the history of the
film industry is Steven Allan Spielberg. Spielberg has
directed some of the most significant and popular films in
recent Hollywood history. His list of films reads like a who's
who in the movie industry. He has directed such
blockbusters as E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial, Jurassic Park,
Close Encounters of the Third Kind, Schindler's List, and
Saving Private Ryan.
Born into a Jewish family on December 18, 1946 in
Cincinnati, Ohio, the young Spielberg showed an interest in
filmmaking during his teen years. When he was 12 years
old, Spielberg created a nine-minute film to earn his
photography badge in the Boy Scouts. This was the first film
he made. His parents divorced when he was 13, and
Spielberg moved with his family to California. After
graduating from high school, he applied to the University of
Southern California (USC) to learn filmmaking, but did not
graduate. Instead he attended Long Beach State, where he
earned his degree in Film Production and Electronic Arts,
35 years after first attending college.
His early work was as a television writer, having written
scripts for popular shows such as Night Gallery, Marcus
Welby, M.D., and Columbo in the 70s. His breakthrough film
in Hollywood was 1975's Jaws, which is one of the most
popular, highest-grossing blockbuster in the history of the
Silver Screen. He followed the success of Jaws with several
films that have earned him a spot in Hollywood lore. His
films have become household names.
Spielberg shows no signs of slowing down. He is involved in
several film projects as a director, and a producer. Spielberg
has been married twice, and has six children. He was voted
Forbes Magazine's Most Influential Celebrity in America in
2014. His personal wealth is estimated to be more than $3
billion.