Lifting Lug

1Lifting Lug Load Capacity Vs Crack length Calculation
Sample Calculation
Thickness of Lug (t) =
Width of Lug (W) =
Radius of Circular Section (R) =
Diameter of Hole ( Dh) =
Diameter of Pin ( Dp) =
Distance from centre of hole to Welding (h)=
Area of Cross Section =
Length of Crack ( a ) =
Distance from centre of hole to edge of crack = (Dh / 2 + a) =
Temperature (T) =
Fracture Toughness ( k1c) =
K1c =
Check For Geometry

We =R- Dh/2 = 100 - 60/ 2 =
We =R- Dh/2 = 100 - 60/ 2 =
We =R- Dh/2 = 100 - 60/ 2 =
By Yeild Theory
Yeild Strength of Plate = 345
Effective width of plate = 200 - 60- 2 x4.5 =
Tensile Load capacity = 0.9 x 345 x 131 x 20/1000 =
By Fracture Theory
K1c = Fd . . Sqrt(. a)
Fd = 0.5 x (3 - d) [ 1 + 1.243 x (1 - d)3 ]
Where, d= a / (Dh / 2 + a)
d= 4.5 / (60/ 2 + 4.5)
Fd = 0.5 x (3 -0.13) [ 1 + 1.243 x (1 -0.13)^3 ]

= 2.61
= Load (P) =
Area
K1c = Fd . . Sqrt( . a)
63 = 2.61 x 0.00025P x sqrt(3.1416 x 0.0045)
Load ( P) = 812 kN
Temp = 30 Degree Celcius
Length of Crack Temperature Fracture

( a ) (mm) (Dh / 2 + a) (T) oC Toughness ( k1c) d = a / (Dh / 2 + a)
1 31 30 66 0.032
1.5 31.5 30 66 0.048
2 32 30 66 0.063
2.5 32.5 30 66 0.077
3 33 30 66 0.091
3.5 33.5 30 66 0.104
4 34 30 66 0.118
5 35 30 66 0.143
5.8 35.8 30 66 0.162
7 37 30 66 0.189
8 38 30 66 0.211
9 39 30 66 0.231
10 40 30 66 0.25

1 31 15 63 0.032
1.5 31.5 15 63 0.048
2 32 15 63 0.063
2.5 32.5 15 63 0.077
3 33 15 63 0.091
3.5 33.5 15 63 0.104
4 34 15 63 0.118
4.5 34.5 15 63 0.13
6 36 15 63 0.167
7 37 15 63 0.189
8 38 15 63 0.211
9 39 15 63 0.231
10 40 15 63 0.25
Temp = Zero Degree Celcius

1 31 0 60 0.032
1.5 31.5 0 60 0.048
2 32 0 60 0.063
2.5 32.5 0 60 0.077
3 33 0 60 0.091
3.5 33.5 0 60 0.104
3.7 33.7 0 60 0.11
5 35 0 60 0.143
6 36 0 60 0.167
7 37 0 60 0.189
8 38 0 60 0.211
9 39 0 60 0.231
10 40 0 60 0.25
Temp = -15 Degree Celcius

1 31 -15 57 0.032
1.5 31.5 -15 57 0.048
2 32 -15 57 0.063
2.5 32.5 -15 57 0.077
3 33 -15 57 0.091
3.1 33.1 -15 57 0.094
4 34 -15 57 0.118
5 35 -15 57 0.143
6 36 -15 57 0.167
7 37 -15 57 0.189
8 38 -15 57 0.211
9 39 -15 57 0.231
10 40 -15 57 0.25

1 31 -30 54 0.032
1.5 31.5 -30 54 0.048
2 32 -30 54 0.063
2.5 32.5 -30 54 0.077
2.6 32.6 -30 54 0.08
3.5 33.5 -30 54 0.104
4 34 -30 54 0.118
5 35 -30 54 0.143
6 36 -30 54 0.167
7 37 -30 54 0.189
8 38 -30 54 0.211
9 39 -30 54 0.231
10 40 -30 54 0.25

1 31 -45 51 0.032
1.5 31.5 -45 51 0.048
2 32 -45 51 0.063
2.15 32.15 -45 51 0.067
3 33 -45 51 0.091
3.5 33.5 -45 51 0.104
4 34 -45 51 0.118
5 35 -45 51 0.143
6 36 -45 51 0.167
7 37 -45 51 0.189
8 38 -45 51 0.211
9 39 -45 51 0.231
10 40 -45 51 0.25
Kawish Shaikh P.Eng. UofC
20 mm > Dh/4 ; Hence OK

200 mm
100 mm Crack Length
(a)
60 mm
57 mm
100 mm > 1.5xDh ; Hence OK
mm
100
20 x 200 = 4000 mm2
4.5 mm Both side of Hole
35 mm
15 C o
(60 + 0.2 T) Mpa. Sqrt(m) (60 for Steel WT Caterary 4)

For -140 < T < 150
63 oC

70 mm < 5t ; Hence OK
70 mm > 2t ; Hence OK
MPa
131 mm
131 x 20/1000 = 814 kN
= 0.13
-0.13)^3 ]
P / 4000 = 0.0003 P
6 x 0.0045)
Fracture Theory Yeild Theory
Load (P) (kN) Load (P)

- Fracture Stress in the Effective width (kN) -Yeild Yeild Stress
Fd Theory Net Section of Plate (mm) Theory (s)
3.157 1492 601 138 857 345
3.059 1257 510 137 851 345
2.97 1121 458 136 845 345
2.89 1031 424 135 838 345
2.812 967 401 134 832 345
2.743 918 383 133 826 345
2.67 882 371 132 820 345
2.546 827 354 130 807 345
2.457 796 344 128.4 797 345
2.337 762 336 126 782 345
2.246 741 332 124 770 345
2.167 725 330 122 758 345
2.096 711 329 120 745 345

3.157 1424 573 138 857 345
3.059 1200 487 137 851 345
2.97 1070 437 136 845 345
2.89 984 405 135 838 345
2.812 923 383 134 832 345
2.743 876 366 133 826 345
2.67 842 354 132 820 345
2.61 812 344 131 814 345
2.434 754 327 128 795 345
2.337 727 321 126 782 345
2.246 708 317 124 770 345
2.167 692 315 122 758 345
2.096 678 314 120 745 345

3.157 1356 546 138 857 345
3.059 1143 463 137 851 345
2.97 1019 416 136 845 345
2.89 937 386 135 838 345
2.812 879 364 134 832 345
2.743 834 349 133 826 345
2.711 821 344 132.6 823 345
2.546 752 321 130 807 345
2.434 718 312 128 795 345
2.337 693 305 126 782 345
2.246 674 302 124 770 345
2.167 659 300 122 758 345
2.096 646 299 120 745 345

3.157 1289 519 138 857 345
3.059 1086 440 137 851 345
2.97 968 396 136 845 345
2.89 890 366 135 838 345
2.812 835 346 134 832 345
2.796 826 343 133.8 831 345
2.67 762 321 132 820 345
2.546 715 305 130 807 345
2.434 682 296 128 795 345
2.337 658 290 126 782 345
2.246 640 287 124 770 345
2.167 626 285 122 758 345
2.096 614 284 120 745 345

3.157 1221 491 138 857 345
3.059 1029 417 137 851 345
2.97 918 375 136 845 345
2.89 843 347 135 838 345
2.873 832 343 134.8 837 345
2.743 751 314 133 826 345
2.67 722 304 132 820 345
2.546 677 289 130 807 345
2.434 646 281 128 795 345
2.337 623 275 126 782 345
2.246 607 272 124 770 345
2.167 593 270 122 758 345
2.096 581 269 120 745 345

3.157 1153 464 138 857 345
3.059 971 394 137 851 345
2.97 867 354 136 845 345
2.947 842 345 135.7 843 345
2.812 747 310 134 832 345
2.743 709 296 133 826 345
2.67 682 287 132 820 345
2.546 639 273 130 807 345
2.434 610 265 128 795 345
2.337 589 260 126 782 345
2.246 573 257 124 770 345
2.167 560 255 122 758 345
2.096 549 254 120 745 345
kh P.Eng. UofC
LOAD (P)
Crack Length
(a)
mm
100
mm
100
60 mm Dia.
hole
200 mm
Crack Lenth (a) Vs Tensile Load (P)

Crack Length (a) VS Lug Capacity
Net Section will Yeild before Fracture 1600
Load (kN)
Net Section will Yeild before Fracture
1400
1000
600
Net Section will Fracture
Net Section will Fracture 400
200
0 2 4 a (mm)
6 8
Crack Length (a) VS Lug Capacit

1600
Load (kN)
1400
1000
600
0 2 4 a (mm)
6 8
Crack Length (a) VS Lug Capaci
1600
Load (kN)
1400
1000
600
200
0 2 4 a (mm)
6 8

1400
Load (kN)

1000
400
0 2 4 a (mm)
6 8

1400
d (kN)
1200
1400
Load (kN)
1000
400
0 2 4 a (mm)
6 8

1400
Load (kN)

1000
400
0 2 4 a (mm)
6 8
ack Length (a) VS Lug Capacity (kN) for 30 oC
Load (P) (kN) -

Fracture Theory
Load (P) (kN) -Yeild
Theory
2 4 a (mm)
6 8 10 12
Crack Length (a) VS Lug Capacity (kN) for 15 oC
Cr
Load (kN)
Load (P) (kN) - 1600

Fracture Theory
1400
Theory 1200
1000
800
600
400
0 2 4 a (mm)
6 8 10 12
200
0
0 2
0
0 2
Load (P) (kN) -

Fracture Theory
Theory
0 2 4 a (mm)
6 8 10 12
rack Length (a) VS Lug Capacity (kN) for -15 oC
Load (P) (kN) -

Fracture Theory
Theory
0 2 4 a (mm)
6 8 10 12

Load (P) (kN) -

Fracture Theory
Theory
0 2 4 a (mm)
6 8 10 12
Load (P) (kN) -

Fracture Theory
Theory
0 2 4 a (mm)
6 8 10 12
Crack Length (a) VS Lug Capacity (kN)
Load (kN)
1600
1400 Temp = 30
Degree Celcius
1200
Temp = 15
1000 Degree Celcius
800 Temp = Zero
Degree Celcius
600
Temp = -15
400 Degree Celcius
200 Temp = -45
Degree Celcius
0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 Load (P) (kN)
a (mm) -Yeild Theory
Degree Celcius
0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 Load (P) (kN)
s
s
s
1Lifting Lug Load Capacity Vs Crack length Calculation
Sample Calculation
Thickness of Lug (t) =
Width of Lug (W) =
Radius of Circular Section (R) =
Diameter of Hole ( Dh) =
Diameter of Pin ( Dp) =
Distance from centre of hole to Welding (h)=
Area of Cross Section =
Length of Crack ( a ) =
Distance from centre of hole to edge of crack = (Dh / 2 + a) =
Temperature (T) =
Fracture Toughness ( k1c) =
K1c =
Check For Geometry

We =R- Dh/2 = 100 - 60/ 2 =
We =R- Dh/2 = 100 - 60/ 2 =
We =R- Dh/2 = 100 - 60/ 2 =
By Yeild Theory
Yeild Strength of Plate = 345
Effective width of plate = 200 - 60- 2 x4.5 =
Tensile Load capacity = 0.9 x 345 x 131 x 20/1000 =
By Fracture Theory
K1c = Fd . . Sqrt(. a)
Fd = 0.5 x (3 - d) [ 1 + 1.243 x (1 - d)3 ]
Where, d= a / (Dh / 2 + a)
d= 4.5 / (60/ 2 + 4.5)
Fd = 0.5 x (3 -0.13) [ 1 + 1.243 x (1 -0.13)^3 ]

= 2.61
= Load (P) =
Area
K1c = Fd . . Sqrt( . a)
43 = 2.61 x 0.00025P x sqrt(3.1416 x 0.0045)
Load ( P) = 554 kN

1 31 30 46 0.032
1.5 31.5 30 46 0.048
2 32 30 46 0.063
2.5 32.5 30 46 0.077
3 33 30 46 0.091
3.5 33.5 30 46 0.104
4 34 30 46 0.118
5 35 30 46 0.143
5.8 35.8 30 46 0.162
7 37 30 46 0.189
8 38 30 46 0.211
9 39 30 46 0.231
10 40 30 46 0.25

1 31 15 43 0.032
1.5 31.5 15 43 0.048
2 32 15 43 0.063
2.5 32.5 15 43 0.077
3 33 15 43 0.091
3.5 33.5 15 43 0.104
4 34 15 43 0.118
4.5 34.5 15 43 0.13
6 36 15 43 0.167
7 37 15 43 0.189
8 38 15 43 0.211
9 39 15 43 0.231
10 40 15 43 0.25
Temp = Zero Degree Celcius

1 31 0 40 0.032
1.5 31.5 0 40 0.048
2 32 0 40 0.063
2.5 32.5 0 40 0.077
3 33 0 40 0.091
3.5 33.5 0 40 0.104
3.7 33.7 0 40 0.11
5 35 0 40 0.143
6 36 0 40 0.167
7 37 0 40 0.189
8 38 0 40 0.211
9 39 0 40 0.231
10 40 0 40 0.25

1 31 -15 37 0.032
1.5 31.5 -15 37 0.048
2 32 -15 37 0.063
2.5 32.5 -15 37 0.077
3 33 -15 37 0.091
3.1 33.1 -15 37 0.094
4 34 -15 37 0.118
5 35 -15 37 0.143
6 36 -15 37 0.167
7 37 -15 37 0.189
8 38 -15 37 0.211
9 39 -15 37 0.231
10 40 -15 37 0.25

1 31 -30 34 0.032
1.5 31.5 -30 34 0.048
2 32 -30 34 0.063
2.5 32.5 -30 34 0.077
2.6 32.6 -30 34 0.08
3.5 33.5 -30 34 0.104
4 34 -30 34 0.118
5 35 -30 34 0.143
6 36 -30 34 0.167
7 37 -30 34 0.189
8 38 -30 34 0.211
9 39 -30 34 0.231
10 40 -30 34 0.25

1 31 -45 31 0.032
1.5 31.5 -45 31 0.048
2 32 -45 31 0.063
2.15 32.15 -45 31 0.067
3 33 -45 31 0.091
3.5 33.5 -45 31 0.104
4 34 -45 31 0.118
5 35 -45 31 0.143
6 36 -45 31 0.167
7 37 -45 31 0.189
8 38 -45 31 0.211
9 39 -45 31 0.231
10 40 -45 31 0.25
Kawish Shaikh P.Eng. UofC

200 mm
100 mm Crack Length
(a)
60 mm
57 mm
100 mm > 1.5xDh ; Hence OK
mm
100
20 x 200 = 4000 mm2
4.5 mm Both side of Hole
35 mm
15 C o
(40 + 0.2 T) Mpa. Sqrt(m) (40 for Steel W 350)

For -140 < T < 150
43 oC

70 mm < 5t ; Hence OK
70 mm > 2t ; Hence OK
MPa
131 mm
131 x 20/1000 = 814 kN
= 0.13
-0.13)^3 ]
P / 4000 = 0.0003 P
6 x 0.0045)

3.157 1040 419 138 857 345
3.059 876 355 137 851 345
2.97 782 319 136 845 345
2.89 718 296 135 838 345
2.812 674 279 134 832 345
2.743 640 267 133 826 345
2.67 615 259 132 820 345
2.546 577 246 130 807 345
2.457 555 240 128.4 797 345
2.337 531 234 126 782 345
2.246 517 232 124 770 345
2.167 505 230 122 758 345
2.096 495 229 120 745 345

3.157 972 391 138 857 345
3.059 819 332 137 851 345
2.97 731 298 136 845 345
2.89 672 276 135 838 345
2.812 630 261 134 832 345
2.743 598 250 133 826 345
2.67 575 242 132 820 345
2.61 554 235 131 814 345
2.434 515 223 128 795 345
2.337 496 219 126 782 345
2.246 483 216 124 770 345
2.167 472 215 122 758 345
2.096 463 214 120 745 345

3.157 904 364 138 857 345
3.059 762 309 137 851 345
2.97 680 278 136 845 345
2.89 625 257 135 838 345
2.812 586 243 134 832 345
2.743 556 232 133 826 345
2.711 547 229 132.6 823 345
2.546 501 214 130 807 345
2.434 479 208 128 795 345
2.337 462 204 126 782 345
2.246 449 201 124 770 345
2.167 439 200 122 758 345
2.096 431 199 120 745 345

3.157 836 337 138 857 345
3.059 705 286 137 851 345
2.97 629 257 136 845 345
2.89 578 238 135 838 345
2.812 542 225 134 832 345
2.796 536 223 133.8 831 345
2.67 494 208 132 820 345
2.546 464 198 130 807 345
2.434 443 192 128 795 345
2.337 427 188 126 782 345
2.246 416 186 124 770 345
2.167 406 185 122 758 345
2.096 398 184 120 745 345

3.157 769 309 138 857 345
3.059 648 263 137 851 345
2.97 578 236 136 845 345
2.89 531 219 135 838 345
2.873 524 216 134.8 837 345
2.743 473 198 133 826 345
2.67 454 191 132 820 345
2.546 426 182 130 807 345
2.434 407 177 128 795 345
2.337 392 173 126 782 345
2.246 382 171 124 770 345
2.167 373 170 122 758 345
2.096 366 169 120 745 345

3.157 701 282 138 857 345
3.059 591 239 137 851 345
2.97 527 215 136 845 345
2.947 512 210 135.7 843 345
2.812 454 188 134 832 345
2.743 431 180 133 826 345
2.67 414 174 132 820 345
2.546 389 166 130 807 345
2.434 371 161 128 795 345
2.337 358 158 126 782 345
2.246 348 156 124 770 345
2.167 340 155 122 758 345
2.096 334 155 120 745 345
kh P.Eng. UofC
LOAD (P)
Crack Length
(a)
mm
100
mm
100
60 mm Dia.
hole
200 mm
Crack Lenth (a) Vs Tensile Load (P)

Load (kN)
0 2 4 a (mm)
6 8
Crack Length (a) VS Lug Capacit

1200
Load (kN)

0 2 4 a (mm)
6 8
Crack Length (a) VS Lug Capaci
1000
Load (kN)
800
700
200
100
0 2 4 a (mm)
6 8

900
Load (kN)
800
700
400
100
0 2 4 a (mm)
6 8

900
d (kN)
800
900
Load (kN)
800
700
400
100
0 2 4 a (mm)
6 8

900
Load (kN)
800
500
400
100
0 2 4 a (mm)
6 8
ack Length (a) VS Lug Capacity (kN) for 30 oC
Load (P) (kN) -

Fracture Theory
Theory
2 4 a (mm)
6 8 10 12
Cr
Load (kN)
Load (P) (kN) - 1200

Fracture Theory
Load (P) (kN) -Yeild 1000
Theory
800
600
400
0 2 4 a (mm)
6 8 10 12
200
0
0 2
0
0 2
Load (P) (kN) -

Fracture Theory
Theory
0 2 4 a (mm)
6 8 10 12
Load (P) (kN) -

Fracture Theory
Theory
2 4 a (mm)
6 8 10 12

Load (P) (kN) -

Fracture Theory
Theory
2 4 a (mm)
6 8 10 12
Load (P) (kN) -

Fracture Theory
Theory
2 4 a (mm)
6 8 10 12
Crack Length (a) VS Lug Capacity (kN)
Load (kN)
1200
Temp = 30
1000 Degree Celcius
Temp = 15
800
Degree Celcius
600 Temp = Zero
Degree Celcius
400 Temp = -15
Degree Celcius
200 Temp = -45
Degree Celcius
0
Load (P) (kN)
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Degree Celcius
0
Load (P) (kN)
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
s
s
s

Lifting Lug

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1Lifting Lug Load Capacity Vs Crack length Calculation

Check For Geometry

Fd = 0.5 x (3 -0.13) [ 1 + 1.243 x (1 -0.13)^3 ]

Temp = 30 Degree Celcius

Length of Crack Temperature Fracture

Temp = 15 Degree Celcius

Length of Crack Temperature Fracture

Length of Crack Temperature Fracture

Temp = -15 Degree Celcius

Length of Crack Temperature Fracture

Temp = -30 Degree Celcius

Temp = -45 Degree Celcius

Length of Crack Temperature Fracture

20 mm > Dh/4 ; Hence OK

(60 + 0.2 T) Mpa. Sqrt(m) (60 for Steel WT Caterary 4)

70 mm > Dh/2 ; Hence OK

Load (P) (kN) Load (P)

Fracture Theory Yeild Theory

Load (P) (kN) Load (P)

Load (P) (kN) Load (P)

Fracture Theory Yeild Theory

Load (P) (kN) Load (P)

Fracture Theory Yeild Theory

Fracture Theory Yeild Theory

Load (P) (kN) Load (P)

Crack Lenth (a) Vs Tensile Load (P)

Crack Length (a) VS Lug Capacit

Crack Length (a) VS Lug Capacity

Net Section will Yeild before Fracture 1200

Crack Length (a) VS Lug Capacity

Crack Length (a) VS Lug Capacity

Net Section will Yeild before Fracture 1200

Load (P) (kN) -

Crack Length (a) VS Lug Capacity (kN) for 15 oC

Load (P) (kN) - 1600

Crack Length (a) VS Lug Capacity (kN) for 0 oC

Load (P) (kN) -

rack Length (a) VS Lug Capacity (kN) for -15 oC

Load (P) (kN) -

rack Length (a) VS Lug Capacity (kN) for -30 oC

Load (P) (kN) -

rack Length (a) VS Lug Capacity (kN) for -45 oC

Load (P) (kN) -

Check For Geometry

Fd = 0.5 x (3 -0.13) [ 1 + 1.243 x (1 -0.13)^3 ]

Temp = 30 Degree Celcius

Length of Crack Temperature Fracture

Temp = 15 Degree Celcius

Length of Crack Temperature Fracture

Length of Crack Temperature Fracture

Temp = -15 Degree Celcius

Length of Crack Temperature Fracture

Temp = -30 Degree Celcius

Temp = -45 Degree Celcius

Length of Crack Temperature Fracture

20 mm > Dh/4 ; Hence OK

(40 + 0.2 T) Mpa. Sqrt(m) (40 for Steel W 350)

70 mm > Dh/2 ; Hence OK

Load (P) (kN) Load (P)

Fracture Theory Yeild Theory

Load (P) (kN) Load (P)

Load (P) (kN) Load (P)

Fracture Theory Yeild Theory

Load (P) (kN) Load (P)