LA REVISTA PARA APRENDER INGLES NEWGRANGE Language CULTURAL BUILDING © NEWYORK Noel Gallaghe LIFE AFTER OASIS Fighting Spirit a NA SWANKEASY ENGLISH // PROFILE YJONNRIGS SPEEKUPOX*LAINS BY RACHEL ROBERTS LANGUAGE LEVEL: A2 PRE-INTERMEDIATE THE EURO BRITAIN VS EUROPE El euro lleva ya 10 afios en circulaci6n y, no obstante, los britanicos nunca lo han aceptado. Con la crisis su antieuropeismo es mas visible y contradictorio que nunca. he euro was introduced in 12 countries on Janu- ary 1st, 2002, The Unit- ed Kingdom was notone ot them. ‘The UK opted out of the part of the Maastricht ‘Treaty that required it to adopt the ‘common currency! Ten years on, the Eurozone in- cludes 17 nations, but thanks to the crisis, itis unlikely that the UK will adopt the euro. In 2010, the co- alition government pledged? not to join the euro for its lifetime. In fact, does the UK want to remain in the European Union (EU) at all? PARIY POLITICS Conservative Party rebels want a national referendum on UK mem- bership. Conservative Prime Min- ister David Cameron says no. How- “No, no, no’ is the answer of the silent majority in England.” (P.Smith, The Daily Mal) “We are Europeans and must recognise that fact.” U. Cooper, The Guardian) Britain: “Europeis the way forward" (N.Johnson, The Independent] ever‘, Cameron promises to recu- perate constitutional powers* from the European Parliament. The so- cialist Labour Party is pro-Europe, but decided not to adopt the euro. ‘The Liberal Democrats are the only major party‘ that believes the euro is the future for the UK. EXTREMISM. ‘The anti-Europe movement in Brit- ain has a long history. The extreme right-wing’ — and racist ~ British National Front protested against UK membership" in the 1970s. To- day the British National Party is more popular. Another new party wants Britain to leave’ Europe: the United Kingdom Independence Party (UKIP). The UKIP leader, Ni- gel Farage, says: “We don't want the European flag. We don’t want ion published in the UK press “Idon'tlike the EU, but I prefer it to oblivion®.” (Lionheart, The Sun} “Ifthere was referendum tomorrow, uld say no to Europe.” (C. The Daly Mail Sorahan, the anthem", And we don’t want the euro.” Ironically, the only ma- jor elections the British National Party and UKIP have won" are for the European Parliament. Europe's proportional representation gives small parties power. The EU also offers them the chance to form in- fluential groups with similar par- ties across Europe ISOLATION What do the British people think about Europe? There is an old joke"* that demonstrates the traditional at- titude: “Heavy fog" over the English Channel, Continent isolated.” So Britain isn't part of Europe. Has Britain's attitude" to Europe changed in recent years? No! Eu- ropean Commission research tells us only 22 per cent of the British public wants to remain in the EU. 76 per cent do not trust the Euro- pean Parliament. And 54 per cent say Britain has not benefited from membership. CONTINENTAL But another survey" reveals Brit is the worst place to live in Europe. One in 10 UK citizens would like to emigrate, What reasons do they give? The terrible weather, the high cost of living and social prob- lems. Where do they want to live? ‘The EU's Spain, France and Italy are the top destinations.Esta no es una palabra precisamente facily sin | embargoesmuycominen Ff inglés. Setratadelanténimo de likelyque significa | ‘probable {aunque también | se puede decir probable I improbablel.Heaquidos fl i | ! Unlikely - Improbable p : 7 frases muy itiles: That's | highly untikely {es muy improbable) y A likely story! ‘Naya cuento! lliteralmente, “una historiacrefble'l,una frase sarcéstica muy util cuando nuestro interlocutor dice algo poco verosimil. | Aeuro-Eninglés, elarticuto I indeterminado tiene dos I formas: 2,cuando precedea tna consonanteyy an cuando J recede a unavocat Pero I) hay dos excepciones: ase J) usa también cuando una I palabra comienza conel I diptongo eufjui/ (a euro, a I) European country}; o bien con I} el diptongo /w2/ [a one-way i street, una calle de una J sola direccién’| i a IS DP er en iic) Ceraeteeniay NO to EU Rule & the Euro ‘NO to Immigration & Unemployment NO to High Taxes & Rip-Off Britain YES to putting pra NG. Cameo tac Ores Because We've Earned the Right! oe gov ‘Bottom: Ste, ; {CURRENCY moneda UNLIKELY: poco probable Iver Speak Up Explains) 3 TOPLEDOE:comprometerse “HOWEVER: in embargo SS POWER: poder MAJOR PARTY gran partido 1 EXTREME RIGHT-WING: uitraderechista ‘8 MEMBERSHIP: achesion TOLEAVE: abandonar SO ANTHEH: hin sr TOWIN: ganar 12 40K. broma {AD HEAWY Foseniebla espesa WATTITUDE: posture AB SURVEY: sondeo, encuesta {6THEWAY FORWARD: la saluci6n paral futuro AT OBLIVION: oldeEASY ENGLISH // TRAVEL @ON CD1 [B/JOHNRIGG SPEAKER CHUCK ROLANDOSTANDARD ANERICAN ACCENT TANGUAGELEVEL: A2 PRI THE BLUES HIGHWAY A MUSICAL JOURNEY INTERMEDIATE La legendaria autopista 61 atraviesa Estados Unidos de norte a sur. Asu paso por Misisipi se convierte en The Blues Highway, en honor a este género musical. ighway 61 is legendary. It follows" the ‘mighty* ‘Mississippi’ River all the way from Duluth, Min- nesota in the northern United States, down to New Orle- ans, Louisiana in the ‘Deep South’ ‘New Orleans is very famous, but what's the significance of Du- luth? Bob Dylan was born there. Dylan hitchhiked? down Highway 61 when he was a young man. He wanted to discover America’s au thentic folk music, the Blues of the Mississippi Delta. The southern section of Highway 61 has a nick- name: ‘The Blues Highway’ ROBERT JOHNSON The Mississippi is a river, but it is also the name of a state in the Deep South. A famous event took Muddy Waters and The Stovall Plantation Muddy Waters (1915-1983), reat ‘name McKinley A. Morganfield, moved to Stovall Plantation, Clarksdalewhen hewas three. Itwas 1918.He lived with his grandmother. She gave himhis nickname ‘Muddy’ because he always played inthe mud", They were poor. Muddy grew up with a love forthe blues. He listened and learned from local legends like Robert Johnson and Son House. He worked onthe plantation, toleave. SPEAK UP and sang the blues, ‘Muddy Waters played at bars up and down the Blues Highway. His real income"* was collecting bottles for bootleggers”. In 1941 music researcher Alan Lomax came to Stovall. He discovered Muddy and inspired him In 1943 Waters went north to Chicago. Hewarkedin factories" forafew years, and played in bands. He ought himselfan electric guitar. People loved his new sound, Waters then signed forthe legendary Chess Records. Finally, Muddy Waters wasa star. Hiahways 6 and 49 cross a'THe Desi: Crossroad in Clarksdale, Micsespe. ‘Opposita: Beate Street Morn place in Clarksdale, Mississippi Musician Robert Johnson met the Devil¥ there at tho crossroads* of Highways 61 and 49, Johnson sold his soul’ and the Devil gave him the secret of the blues. The ‘Dev- il's Crossroads’ is only a legend, of course, but Clarksdale is an impor tant musical location, It was the home townt of great bluesmen like John Lee Hooker and Muddy Wa- ters. Today Clarksdale is still home to the blues: you can visit clubs like Red's Lounge or Morgan Free man's Ground Zero Blues Club. COTTON John Lee Hookerand Muddy Waters were born on cotton plantations. Waters lived on the Stovall Planta- tion near Clarksdale. You can see his modest home, or ‘shack, today. Nearby Hopson Plantation offers music, barbecues and an idea of plantation life. In contrast, there is the beautiful town of Natchez with the plantation owners’ elegant, 19th century mansions. The Blues-Paes town’s market place still has the old iron shackles" for slaves™. CHICAGO. In the 20th century, Highway 61 was the road to freedom. Afro: American musicians escaped from the South’s plantations. They trav- elled north, to Memphis, St Louis and Chicago. Electric ‘Chicago Blues’ was one of the results of this migration. The Highway 61 high and mightyque significa ‘attaneria’ o’arrogancia’y God Almighty ‘Dios omnipotente’.¥ por supuesto existe el sustantivo mightque quiere decir fuerza’ o‘potencia’. The mighty Mississippi (Et imponente Misisipil- Eladjetivo mighty se emplea muy amenudo para describir algo grandioso. Se utiliza también en. expresiones como Highway 61 really does hold the secret ofthe blues - Aprimera vista, pareceria que es un NeiFortzans “MI musicians also inspired jazz, soul, rock ‘n roll and hip hop. MEMPHIS. ‘Memphis isa good example, Blues- men made the city’s Beale Street famous. They also influenced white singers like Elvis Presley. Memphis, was the home of Stax Records, the label" of Otis Redding and other great artists. Highway 61 really does hold the secret of the Blues. errorelauxiliar does enuna frase afirmativa yaque siempre nos han ensefiado dquese utiliza en frases negativase interrogatwvas. Pues bien, es correcto. Elavsiliar siempre se puede aitauir 4 una frase afirmativa para enfatizarla: La Highway 61 si que enciorra et secreto del blues’. EXERCISES Listening Questions 1. Put the following topics into the order in ‘which they appearin the report. althe Deep South b) Highway 61 «| mansions dl migration to Chicago te] Bub Dylan ‘Ground Zero Blues Club 2. Decide whether the folowing statements ‘are truer false. a] Highway 61 runs along the Mississippi River. (TRUEIFALSE] Bab Dylan was bornin New Orleans, (TRUEIFALSEL c Highway 61 and 49 never meot ITRUEJFALSE! 4) Slaves used tobe sold on Highnay 6. (TRUEIFALSE} ] Clarksdale was the home town of many blues musicians. (TRUEVFALSEL {1 The town of Natchez is ful of shacks that you can visit (TRUEIFALSEL {9] Musician Muddy Waters was born on 2 plantation. TRUE/EALSEL 3. insert vowel combinations to create ‘words used inthe report. Example: plttn +a +2-+i+0= plantation aletin el mdst bin ‘Aitedm dhghwy glerserds dit himsen Answers Lbeated 2al True, bl False, False, d False, e) True, fl False, g)True 3.al cotton, bl river, c highway dl devi ‘e] modest, 1 treecom, g) crossroads, fl musician one BERCISESONCD ‘TOFOLLOW: recorror 2MIGHTY: Inmenss, impenente ver Speak Up Explains! TOHITCRMIKE: hacer autostop ‘6 CROSSROADS: cruce 7500L: alms 1OME TOWN: ciudad natal SHACK: barraca,chabola IRON. hiorro ‘WSHACKLES: grilles s2stAvEesclav0 ‘LABEL, sella discograico s4MuDsbarro SSINCOME; lluentedelingresos sb TOCOLLEET. recoger ‘7BOOTLEDGER: contrabandista de alcohol FACTOR. fabrica SPEAKUPYEASY ENGLISH // THIS MONTH @ ON cp2 [BYJOHNRIOG SPEAKER JUSTIN RATCLIFFE STANDARD BRITISH ACCENT LANGUAGE LEVEL: A2 PRE-INTERMEDIATE THE JUGGLING CONVENTION SOUTHEND-ON-SEA iLe fascinan magos, payasos, malabaristas y trapecistas? No se pierda el congreso que tendré lugar en Inglaterra Una ocasién para conocer a estos artistas y su arte hildren dream of the ctr- cus life. They want to escape their ordinary" lives. They want to be Jugglers?, trapeze artists? and clowns. But how can some- one start a career in the circus? The British Juggling Convention (BUC) is the perfect introduction. It brings professionals and amateurs to- gether in different locations every year. This year, the BJC celebrates its 25th anniversary. It takes place* at Southend’s Leisure and Tennis Centre from April 11th to 16th. MAGIC! A great juggler is a magical per- son. The intemational stars at this year's BJC are no different. Award- winning* American juggler Tony Pezz0 is{ust 18 and does impossible things with clubs’, Gandini Jug- gling have performed over 4,000 shows in 40 countries. They make playing with juggling balls a spec- tacular entertainment. JUGGLING SKILLS The BJC offers the chance to meet these stars and many others. The convention offers workshops? for beginners" and beyond". Jugglers Planning a Trip Southend-on-Sea is con the south coast of England, just an hour away from London. There are two direct rail lines from the British capital: Fenchurch Street to Southend Central, and Liverpool Street to Southend Vietoria, Tickets for the convention can be purchased’ ontine and cost €85 (€102) for Sdays for anadult, and 55 (€66) for 11-15 year olds. Youcan book" ontine through the BJC website voww.bjc2072.co.uk or on the day, when tickets cost £95 (€114} foran adult or £65 practise their acts, exchange ideas nd socialise in the 24-Hour Jug- ing and Circus Skills"* Hall. There are speed” competitions where everyone can take part. See how many tricks'* you can do before you make a mistake. This year the convention cele- brates its anniversary with a party on the night of Friday 13th. It will be a great opportunity to dress up and play some traditional British party games, such as Pass the Par- cel, and Simon Says. INCREDIBLE What makes the BJC special? "It is outside normal life,” says organ- iser Jane Randall. "It is wonder- ful to watch jugglers practise new tricks. You see their mistakes, but also their incredible dedication.” (€78) for 11-15 year olds. Camping is available on site and is included in the price ofthe ticket, Southend Leisure and Tennis Centre, Garon Park, Eastern Avenue, Southend on Sea, Escex,SS24FAIsthe BIC the right place for new performers? Juggler Arron Sparks says: “Yes, definitely. You have the opportunity to perform" in public. That's rare for a beginner. And peo- ple help and encourage you. The BIC offers new jugglers the chance to perform at the prestig- ious British Young Juggler of the Year competition, Is circus life really so brilliant? “It's the best job in the world says Sparks. "You must travel a lot, and you work without holidays for months. But you see the world, meet extraordinary people, and you perform. It's the perfect job.” eer ei) hey mal | juggling entertainment - ;Por qué en este caso se utiliza la forma ~ing? Hay que recordar f} questa forma se emplea cuando el verbo funciona como sustantivo el juga) Por lo tanto, la traduccién de la frase seria: “Crean un | espectaculo maravilloso haciendo malabarismos con bolas”, EXERCISES Listening Questions ‘insert the corret wordto complete the sentence. fun competion entertainment. brillant trick socialise career beginner al Every weekend tryto have as much _aspossible. The singer's performance was, absolutely, ' cl Many who go a praessional evens are there to, : A] My sisters taking ballet lessons but she isjusta He taught his dog how to perform a funny toimpress the girs £1 The Juggling Oiympicsis juggling in Southend. {TSame young jugglers aspire toe inthe circus i} There are many forms of, nthe enise. 2. Ainseramhie the letters to create words eed inthe article. Tho firs letter of each ‘words given tohelp you. a} sucrie © b) salect c dlteiksmas rm. d).epsed s. e)rstait a flognecurae e_ me albjo Answers ‘al fun, bl brillant, cl socialse, beginner, el trick fl competition, career, hlentertainment 2al circus bl cast, c} mistakes, ) speed, artist fl encourage, ) job ORE EXERCISES OND Ea Ei ‘saUG9LING: malaberisme ‘ORDINARY: normal, cotdiano 2JUGGLER: malabarista ‘TRAPEZE ARTIST rapocista ‘CLOWN: payaso. ebrarse ‘GAWARD- WINNING: premiado “7ewue: galolde gol BENTERTAINMENT: espectéculo Iver Speak Up Explains) 9 WORKSHOP: ‘aller AOBESINNER, principiante {HDEYOND. me svanzace ‘A2SKILL:habiidad ‘SPEED: rapidez sw rRicK: rus TSPARCEL: pequet= S4PERFORMER: artista {770 PERFORM: actuar ‘$8 TOPURCHASE: comprar {9 TOBOOK: reservar| EASY ENGLISH // WHERE ARE THEY NOW? EYMARKWORDEN SPESKUP EXPLAINS BY RACHEL ROBERTS LANGUAGE LEVEL: A2 PRE-INTERMEDIATE BRIDGET FONDA AFAMILY IN FILM Perteneciente a una saga de grandes figuras del cine, Bridge Fonda fue una de las actrices mas cotizadas de los noventa. Hoy es una tranquila ama de casa. ridget Fonda was a film starin the 1990s, burtoday she isa motherand house- wife, Her professional ca- reer endad in 2002. AFAMOUS FAMILY The name Fonda is familiar! in Hollywood. Bridget's father, Peter Fonda, is an actor: he starved in the 1969 cult movie Easy Rider. Jane Fonda is Bridget's aunt®, Hollywood legend Henry Fonda died in 1982, He was the father of Peter and Jane and the grandfather of Bridget. MAKING MOVIES Bridget Jane Fonda was born in Los Angeles on January 27th, 1964. She appeared in her first movie when she was five: she played a ‘hippy’ child in Easy Rider. Bridget left school at 18 and studied act- ing in New York, at the prestigious Lee Strasberg Theatze Institute. In 1988 she had a role in the British movie Scandal. The film was about a famous political sex scandal of the 1960s. Bridget played a British girl, Mandy Rice-Davis: her accent was excellent! In 1990 she had a part in the Francis Ford Coppola movie The Godfather: Part 3. Bridget also ap- peared in Single White Female in 1992, with Jennifer Jason Leigh In 1993 she played a young mother in Bernardo Bertolucai's film Little ‘Scandal La pelicula cuenta \ahistoria de un escéndalo politico con trasfondo sexual estallé en 1963 en el Reino Unido-y se conoce como et “Escéndalo Profumo’. Elentonces ministro de Guerra, John Profumo, ‘mantuvo una relacién con ta exmodetoy corista inglesa Christine Keeler, mientras estaba casado con la actriz Valeria Hobson. Keeler erala presunta amante de un espia sovietico. Profumo fue interrogado sobre este hecho ante la Cmara de los Comunes y mintid al respecte. Elescéndolo obligé a Profumo dimitiry dane lareputacién del gobierno presidido por Harold Macmillan Buddha. In 1997 she met another director, Quentin Tarantino, on a plane. He gave her a part in his movie Jackie Brown, Some critics say it was Bridget Fonda's best film, CAR CRASH Fonda made more movies, but in 2003 two dramatic things hap- pened. She had a terrible car crash? and nearly died. The same year she married Danny Elfman. He isa composer and is the man who wrote the theme tune for The Simpsons. ‘They have one child, Bridget Fonda does not plan to make any more movies. This isa pity because she is agreat actress. 1 FAMILIAR: muy conocido AUNT ti ‘SCARCRASH: accidente de automévil, ‘G THEME TUNE: tama prinicipal imisical(ANGUAGE LEVEL: B1 INTERMEDIATE THE AMERICAN ANCHOR LESTER HOLT Presentador de programas como Todayo Nightly News en la NBC, Lester Holt es uno de los rostros mas conocidos de la televisidn estadounidense. Un profesional que est4 al dia de la actualidad nacional e internacional. he face of NBC's Nightly News, Today and Date- line presenterLester Holt is known to most Ameri- cans, but the first love in lifo of this famous TV anchor’ was radio. He worked for a local sta- tion in Sacramento when he was a student at California State Uni- versity. He had originally wanted to be a DJ, but his deep? voice got noticed and his media career took off, He was hired‘ by CBS radio in San Francisco, but he soon made the transition to television. Start- ing in 1981, he spent 19 years work- ing as a news anchor for a series of CBS-owned stations in New York, Los Angeles and Chicago, WAR ZONES. In Chicago Lester was primarily* an evening news anchor, but he also went on assignment to trouble spots’ like Northem Ireland, Iraq, El Salvador, Somalia and Haiti. In 1990 he received a Robert F Kennedy Journalism award!, but in 2000 his career reached a crossroads’, CBS didn't promote him and so he de- cided to quit™, in spite of having a young family to feed. Yet he was ea Prue ek soon contacted by MSNBC, a cable news channel. That year he cov- ered", and explained, the extremely complicated Florida vote in George ‘W Bush's first presidential election Lester's calmness under pressure ‘was impressive and in 2005 he was promoted to NBC news. In spite of his very successful ca- reer, Lester Holt is a modest person ‘who doesn't take himself too serious- ly, When asked to describe an amus- ing* TV moment, he chose: "Lress- ing up” as Susan Boyle for a Hallow- een edition of the Today show: a lot of people, including myself, thought that the idea of an African-Ameri- ‘can man pretending to be a Scottish ‘woman was pretty funny!" RE ‘ancHoR:presentadorestrella 20€P:profundo, grave STOTAKE OFF: despecar STOHIRE:contratar S PRIMARILY: (undamnentalmente, ante todo 61000 ON ACZIONMENT. sor dactinaso ‘TTROUBLESPOT: punto cabente, ona conictva ‘8 AWARD: premio, galardén ‘9 TOREACH ACROSSROADS: llegar aun punto crucial, decisvo soroaumdiitir s¥TocoveR: cubrir s2AMUSING:civeriido 9 TODRESSUP: distrazarseON CD3 srenncr chuck ROLANDO STANDARD AMERICAN ACCENT TANGUAGELEVEL: ‘B2UPPER INTERMEDIATE Obama and Amanda Lester Holt’s face is familiar to most Americans. He isa television journalist on the NBC network, where he anchors programmes like Today and Nightly News. This gives him an excellent view of political life in the United States and for this reason we asked him about his fellow African- American Barack Obama, wino will tryand get re-elected president at the end of this year. What are his, chances of doing so? Lester Holt (Standard American accent): President Obama no longer has the excitement that he built when he first ran for president Hewas elected ona mandate of change. voters found him very exciting, they found him, as we say, ‘abreath of fresh air’. Reality has taken hold’ now, the country is still feeling? the effects of the recession, the United States still has high ‘unemployment® and, looking back historically, when unemployment is this high, the incumbent* president usually is not re-elected, But the opposition right now is having trouble* coalescing’ or gelling? around*a particular candidate, so it’s really hard to say but, historically this is going to be avery tough election for President Obama THE KNOX TRIAL During his career asa TV journalist Lester Holt has reported froma ‘number of foreign countries. Most recently, he was in Italy for the ‘Amanda Knox trial. In October, Knox and Raffaele Sollecito were acquitted? for the 2007 murder of Meredith Kercher in Perugia. We asked Lester Holt what he thought about this controversial verdict: Lester Holt: don’t know whether they're guilty or innocent, and it's ashame that this story, this case, divided Americans and ttalians, because | think what Italians and Americans share™is a sense for justice. You know, at the end of the day, a court™ has to decide if there's enough evidence to convict™ ‘someone. It appeared to me that the evidence against Sollecito and Knox wes not sufficient but, asa journalist, that's not really my call™ ound the process fascinating: spending time in court, itwas my sense that the judges and the jury really took the evidence seriously and really wanted to know the facts, and they made the decision and | think we have to respect the decision of a court, just as we do in the United States. Sometimes the decision is ot what we think is right, or it may not be popular, but the system has. tobe allowed to work. AMERICAN STYLE And in conclusion we asked him about the differences in style between television news reporting in the United States and other countries: Lester Holt: American television tends tobe alittle more produced, We have more music, faster pace’ we try o really engage the viewer, we approach the news from the standpoint® that people don't have alot of time, and they're busy and they've turned on the television and ‘weneed to grab" them very quickly, so our writing isvery fast-paced; our writing is very conversational, we tend to do American news the way people talk, as opposed to the more formal way that you see ina lot of other countries, We also make the presenters a big partof our coverage, they become important personalities, and we try to make itso people watch, rot only because of the news, but because of who is delivering? the newstothem.RVATION ASS EXERCISES Listening Questions 1. insert the correct words) to complete the “antenee. call takenhold gellaround trouble re-elect share grab pace alltwasthe eteree’s___whether Ronald haul get a penalty Very high unemployment nas inSpain athe. ‘ofthe film was 50 iow that fellasteep, dl The town wil probably the mayor ths year. } The board didnot the idea of anew factory locaton, f1Bob has to _acar with his sister while fis at the mechanic, gli had some with math when l was at school 1] Companies ry to our attention wi attractive TV adverts. 2. indicate whieh ofthe words doesn't belongin the group, al candidate, election service bi pitch, judge, lawyer guilty, candidate, innocent 4) dul fascinating, interesting el news, anchor, trial fl election, political party, ruling largue, debatable, controversial Answers 1.a} catl,b} taken hold, c| pace, dl re-elect, ce) gell around, fl share, g) trouble, h] grab 2.) service, bl pitch, c| candidate, dl dull, ltl fring, argue NRE EXERISES OW CO [sss caren eR ‘REALITY HAS TAKEN HOLD: larealidad se haimpuesto 2TOFEEL:notar ‘UNEMPLOYMENT: desernpleo ‘INCUMBENT. ch el cargo lt. titular] STOHAVE TROUBLE: tarer problemas STOCOALESCE: unirse ‘TToGEL:encajar ‘BAROUND:enternoa 9 TOACQUIT:absolver 10 TOSHARE: compartir 4 COURT: tribunal s2TocONvICT. condenar oes de miincumbencia ‘ue pRODUCED: i2bajado SPACE: rime {6 TOENGAGE THE VIEWER: conseguir\aatencién del pico ATSTANDPOINT: punto desta s9 To GRAB: captar lit agarrarl $9 TODELIVER: dar preseniarPLACES [BY MARTIN SIMMONDS. LANGUAGE LEVEL: INTERMEDIATE ENGLAND'S STREETS LONDON GRAFFITI Londres cuenta con grandes pinturas murales en sus calles, algunas son auténticas piezas de arte. Deterioradas por el paso del tiempo, bien valen una visita antes de que desaparezcan para siempre. Giant skeleton striding’ actoss the Houses of Parliament, a street bat- tle between protestors and police, and a tiver- side? scene full oflife —justa few of the eye-catching? works of art on public display‘in London. But you won'tfind them in any gallery. Instead, the art ists have used the city as a canvas", painting on walls and houses. These are the murals of London. DIEGO RIVERA During the 20th century there were mural movements in the USA and Mexico, with artists such as Diego Rivera. Their work focused on com- munity and political expression, bringing art to people who might not visit art galleries and brighten- {ing* their urban environments. ‘This tradition reached London in the 1970s, with around 300-400 murals appearing in the following decade. They were painted by indi- vidual muralists and art collectives like the Greenwich Mural Work- shop - founded in 1975 and still creating murals today. Often found in the poorer parts of the capital, many have a political edge” and were made with the involvement of Jocal communities. The Mural Preservation Society ‘The London Mural Preservation Society aims to document all the murals created over the last 40 years, to bring them back to public attention and help preserve them where possible. Their website is full of useful information, including descriptions and phatos of London murals, an interactive map and directions to find each one. They also run mural walking tours in Brixton and North London, www.londonmuralpreservationsociety.com www. facebook.com/groups/117071 124970615 Contact: infot@londonmuralpreservationsociely.com AN ENDANGERED SPECIES Today, fewer than 80 of these murals have survived. They are vulnerable to the elements and the changing urban landscape". ‘Some have been knocked down? or painted over, others are forgotten and faded", However, many fine" examples still remain, giving un- expected drama to ordinary city streets, And last year the London Mural Preservation Society was set up" to preserve and celebrate them. The murals of London are pieces of social history and vivid examples of art for the people. But many are also fine paintings, witn ‘great attention paid to composition and detail. So next time you're in London, track down" some of these forgotten artworks, before more of ‘them disappear forever. {1 ToSTRIDE: Jar zancadas RIVERSIDE: rbera, margen deun rio EYE-CATCHING: visioso, lamatio DISPLAY: exposiciin 'SCANVAS: Lenzo GTOBRIGHTEN:urinar, car vida EDGE: care LANDSCAPE: paicsjo 9TOKNOCK DOWMNetira abajo, derribar AD TOFADE: perder color, intensidad ATFINE: magnifico, excelente sa ToseTuPscroar 19 TOTRACK DOWN: buscar, lecalizarx ie Ger eEouins 6 eter eccee decays raThe Battle of Cable Street - Probably London's most famous mural, this huge painting was completed in 1983, in Shadwell, East London. It depicts* fighting between police and protestors™ trying to stop a fascist marchin 1936. The scene has incredible detail - there's even a chamber pot"*being emptied” from a firs floor window! LANGUAGE LEVEL: B2 UPPER INTERMEDIATE Protect and Survive Ifand when you go to London, you might notice the impressive ‘mural art, In actual fact this art isunder threat. I's often painted over. or else the building that it covers gets knocked down, For this reason, a group of people decided toget together last year and form the London Mural Preservation Society. We asked the Society's founder, Ruth Miller, to name her favourite example of London mural art: Ruth Miller: One you probably won't see, but it’s in Brixton - and actually Brixton’s getting more Popular to visit, so people do tend to spot’it-is ‘Nuclear Dawn. It ‘wes actually produced as poster for the CND* in the ‘80s, so some people tend to know it, without knowing it's actually a mural. And ithas this giant skeleton striding across London, dropping atomic bombs, and in the background there's a cloud with children’s faces screaming. It's sort of not as horrific as it sounds, butit’s very Gramatic; as the skeleton marches over, destroying London, you can see the politicians cowering* under the Houses of Parliament. Soit’s incredibly political, but it's ‘awonderful composition, asa piece of artwork it's great, i's a great poster piece, and incredibly political too, VISIBILITY Politics aside, Ruth Miller loves the popular aspect of muratart. Let's faceiit, walls are far more visible than galleries: Ruth Miller: | think it allows ‘everybody to see them. Certainly when | was.a child, speaking to many people, they never went to artgalleries, they didn't see any art, they might get taught abit ‘aboutitat school. When you have murals on the street, it allows people to look at things and make Nuctear Dawn - (Fora descrip Ruth Miller]. Completed in 1981, this dramatic painting is partly hidden behind some trees, and the building it adorns in Brixton is under threat", This and the mural pictured above it lopposite pagel are part of the Brixton Mural Walking Tour. 1, see the interview with their own judgements, whether they ike it or not, and in some ways that was what some of the artists wanted to do, was putart out for the rest of the community. You can form an opinion, it even affects your own artwork sometimes, and it inspires. {IMACTUAL FACT: en realidad 2 TOBE UNDER THREAT: estar amenazado 3 T05PoT: ver '5CND [CAMPAIGN FOR NUCLEAR DISARMAMENT]: Campa‘ para el Desarme Nuclear STOCOWER: reugiarse ‘TO MAKE ONE'S OWN JUDGEMENT: {vzgar,valorar algo per simismmorraresmanaanes en Big Splash" - Also in Brixton, this colourful painting brings some rural tranquility to the city. A great example ‘of a community mural, it shows the River Effra - one of London's lost rivers —fullof life. Notice howan actual, house window has been incorporated into the mural. F iE e F 4 Ode to the West Wind - Just OIC : Peete neat i London, thismuralisnamed 46TODERGr: representa after a poem by Percy Bysshe aa patierseainPerspectivePaintedby he great muralist | EMCI ATPRNEzbane oMNERt-oea ec Ra eee reac bahaceoMull |Lieo rere chees nares Ae Ree ‘with portraits2® of local politicians and aviation reading ahookbeneatha tree t9sptastisalpicacura pioneers. It was described by Time Out magazine as Which has been split" by the 20PORTRAMT:retrato “Google Earth... but on a wall”! force of the wind. 21 TO SPLIT: rajar, partirCINEMA BYALEXPHILUPS (LANGUAGE LEVEL. B1 INTERMEDIATE HILARY SWANK THE STRONG UTSIDER Con tan solo 37 afios, Hilary Swank cuenta ya con dos Oscar a la mejor actriz por su papel en Boys Don't Cry y Million Dollar Baby. Dos peliculas que convirtieron en realidad su suefo de ser una actriz de talento. he has won not one but two Academy awards, yet 37-year-old Hilary Swank remains as humble as her origins are. When she ac- cepted the Oscar for Best Actress for Clint Eastwood's film Million Dol- Jar Baby (2004), Swank said, “I don't know what I did in this life to deserve this, I'm just a girl from a trailer park’ who hada dream.” TOUGH KID Hilary Swank was bom in Nebraska, a rural state in the centre of the Unit: ed States. Nebraska is famed for its Fighting for Justice The true story of avoman who works non-stop"to see her wrongly convicted” brother freed from prison”, Betty Anne Waters (2010) stars Hilary ‘Swank as the mother of two who puts herself through law schooltto fight her brother's case. When Kenny (Sam Rockwell) is convicted of a brutal harsh* weather system and is con- ‘inually ravaged? by violent thunder- stormst and tomadces! This was not the only thing that toughened Swank ‘up*asa girl, however. ‘Swank is famous for her physical fitness*, which derives from a love of sport that began at school, Her par- ticular aptitude for swimming and ‘gymnastics led her to compete at state level in both. She was encour- aged” by her parents; her mother was dancer and her father was an officer inthe Air National Guard, Swank’s real dream was to act, however, and it was her mother's murder, Betty Anne finds she has more than the evidence” to fight, the police are determined that their botched® investigation should remain a secret. support’, she says, that gave her the strength to follow her ambitions When Swank was 15, her parents separated and she and her mother moved to Los Angeles. ASTART IN ACTING Things were tough in California. Swankand her mother were forced to live in their car until they could save enough money to get an apartment, Additionally, at school Swank felt like she didn't fit in’, But these difficulties only strengthened” her resolve". “It ‘was natural that I became an actress because I longed” so much to be other people,” she said, ‘A fortunate role in the movie Butty the Vampire Slayer (1992) led to ‘Swank's first hig part in The Next Ka- rate Kid (1994), The role, in the fourth in the Karate Kid series, utilised her gymnastics background. Swank wasdelighted that her acting career was underway", yet she was soon to suf- fer a major setback. Having won a role on Beverly Hills, 90210, ner char- acter was written out of the series, GIRLS DON’T CRY! Happily, the setback worked to her adivantage as she could audition for the lead role in the film Boys Don't Cry (1999). The independent drama, directed by Kimberly Peirce, told the true, tragic story of the transgonder man, Brandon Teena. It proved tobe one of the most critically-acclaimed films of the year. She had earned just $75 (€56) per day for her work on the film, extremely low, at least foramovie star, yetshe worked hard. and won a Golden Globe and an Os- cat for Best Actress! After a series of smaller roles in films such as The Gift (2000) and In- sonia (2002), Swank finally played another leading part in Million Dol- Jar Baby (2004), which was to prove an even bigger success than Boys Don't Cry. Clint Eastwood's film, about a woman who dreams of be- coming a professional boxer, won four Oscars and earned Swank her second Oscar for Best Actress and another Golden Globe award SELECTIVE ‘Swank continues her acting career, playing diverse roles in movies such as British drama Red Dust (2004) and. Brian De Palma’ film noir The Black Dahlia (2006). In 2009, she played Amelia Earhart in the film Amelia, about the famous female pilot who flew around the world. Most recently she starred in thriller The Resident and played a role in the star-stud- doa" New Year's Bve (2011). EE {TRAILER PARK: camping para caravenas 2 HARSH: Severo 3 TORAVAGE: devasiar tormenta eléctrica ndurecer {6 PHYSICALFITNESS: buona for fisiea ‘7 TOENCOURAGE:alentar ‘8 SuPPORT:2poy0 9 TOFITIN:encajar 10 TOSTRENGINEN: fortalecer ‘1 RESOLVE: deterTninacion 42 TOLONG TO: anlar, desear 13 UNDERWAY: er ria cho 14 SETBACK: contratiempo 45 STAR-STUDDED, ropleto de estrellas 16 NON-STOP: sin parar 17 WRONGLY CONVICTED: injustamente condenado 18 TO FREE FROM PRISON; excarcelor {19 EVIDENCE: pruebas, 20 BOTCHED: chapucerade Nue\ Hombres valeri aia Tessiegrants and Nat dians from the wk nation have helped bi tinctive s) moving‘ story of these brave men who, in addition to risking* their 'y day, make a six-hour ome time Inher documentary, ws two legendary skywalk- ad and Sky, whose wife, Theresa, a and singer, is the subject { FEARLE 2STEELBEAM. V2 SA FOOT WDE‘ ui ‘MOVING: emt rriesgar. Dem de anche peligroof NPI The Movie and the Music The Skydancer DVDis available at Women Make Movies wnw.wmnm.com and the soundirack is available at www cdlbaby.com/cd/ shydancertitmsoundtrack {allthe proceeds are going tothe Akwesasne Freedom School) About the movie: www. skydancer- ‘documentary.com About the Mohawk nation wwvw.srmt-nsn.gov ‘Theresa Bear Fox's music: wnvw.bearfoxmusic.com of our audio interview (opposite page). As she says, life is tought and, according to the makers of Skydancer: “There are two ways to survive on the reservation: smug- gling’ or ironworking.” 1 This would explain the willing- ness" of men like Thundercloud to perform such dangerous work. As he tells us in the film, he was born in 1962 - three days before his fa- ther, who was also an ironworker, died after falling from a building et the Rockefeller Center. His father ‘was just 20 years old and “Every- one thought he was going to be the next Elvis Presley. My mother lit- erally drank herself to death. She died when I was 12.” And yet. in spite of their difficult lives, the sky- walkers are not bitter’. On the con trary, they are proud of their ole in building New York They were heartbroken" by the 9/11 attacks on the World Trade Center: “That's part of us be- cause we helped to build it, What ever it is they want to replace it with, we want to be part of it be- cause we're part of the backbone" of this country.” TOUGH: duro ‘TSMUGGLING: contrebardo WILLINGNESS: voluntad,aisposicién ‘9BITTER, resent do, amargado ADHEARTBROKEN: destrozado, hundide AN BACKBONE. Pilar (it colurina vertebral)(ON CD64 spcaren cnek ROLANDO STANDARD ANER(CAN ACCENT LANGUAGE LEVEL: ‘UPPER INTERMEDIATE, Reservations Theresa Foxis a member of the Mohawk nation and she tives on the Akwesasne reservation in upstate New York, Her husband, onthe other hand, isa skydancer: he spends the week in New York City, where he isa construction ‘worker"on the city’s skyscrapers, Theresa Fox talked about her life on the reservation: Theresa Fox (Native American accent]: 'ma Mohawklanguage teacher. Even though I don’t knowall of my language, teach whatever knowin my cultureto the students there. And then it's so ‘sad because alot ofthe kids, they don't even know that they're native anymore because, over the years, that got taken away from them" “couse at the school that lworkat, like my brothers and sisters that Used to go toattend this schoo, if they went to school and they were speaking Mohawk, they would ‘get punished fort, ike actually hit, because they're speaking in Mohawk: they wanted them just to speakin English.So, over the years, mybrothers and sisters (were) getting punished, and because 'm the fourteenth, the youngest in my family by the time it was getting towards like the thirteenth one ‘and the fourteenth one, the sister before me, we can’tunderstand or speak ourlanguage because ‘my mother was... said that she didn'twant us to get hitanymare, ‘you know, like punished. So now we're ina state where we're losing ‘our language and som teaching whatever | can andalot of times the students that 'm teaching Ihave to teach them that they're native. ONTHE BORDER The reservation is near the Canadian border and several of Theresa Fox's relatives liven Canada, but visiting them can be complicated: Ineresa Fox: My sister lives in Ontario, and when |want to go visit my sister, have to goreport™ ike kind of off the res, tolet them know I'm going to be going tothe. where she lives in Ontario, instead of mejust driving over to her house, I have to like go through” ‘a border™and then report and then | can govisit her. Allthese rules upon our people they do, it's annoying"! SUSPICIOUS ‘And the customs officers are far from friendly ‘Theresa Fox: One time |was going through itwith my kids and we were all laughing, we were having ‘a good day and we were laughing and then, when it came time to report, we looked at him and then he just looked* real like mad, and [don't know if he assumed ‘we were laughing at® like at him or whatever, but we were just laughing about something else before we pulled uptand then he had lke afn) attitude and he made ‘me go in, |hadto go inside and sign papers, like it delayed us from gelting to where we needed to get to. That kind of stuf happens to our people allt, especially like rmysons when they gothrough the border. Well, my sons, they're around the age™ of the ones that ‘smuggle drugs andall that, like around 20s or something like that, When they goto report, they're always looked down pon” because they (ire custorns officers - ed) automatically assume that they're smugaling something, you know, so they get pulled ina lot, just because of their ageand being native, EXERCISES [eftssces 1. chaose the best option. a} The Mohawk people bere placedchose to Weel on resarvatons 1} Theresa's husband works fot/n) the reservation. €} Native chitren nowadays are sometimes [unawarefeonseious] that hey are nave. €} Young Native Americans were (encouraged to speak / discouraged fom speaking) the Mohawk language el Visting her relatives ofthe resis (dtfcut/easy| for Theresa {Native parents used to encourage their childen to speak (Mohawk/Englsh at school «The Mohawk language is ave and well being lost because was repressed 2.. Write the correct word in the gap provided. “The firstleter of the ward and adetnton are siven in parentheses to help you. al Thejob of alel__Ibuiding) ‘worker is often cangerous. b) Mary native tl. Jenitdren) don't know anything about ther culture cllts the loss of their ative (tongue! that bothers Theresa, «dl You have to pass inspection atthe tb Irontir between countries}. el In the past, teachers had the right to h_“Iphysicaly punish their studens Answers 1a] wara placed bl off] unaware, €\eiscouraged from spesking, lfc, ‘English a being lost 2. aleonsricton, Kt, anguage, order it Mone Rees ONO Ea *2cCONSTRUCTIONWORKER: trabajador dela construccién {THAT GOT TAKEN AWAY FROM THEM: se es aparté de todo eso {LIKE ACTUALLY HITsncluso se les pegabe BTOOOREPORT:presenlarse SGOFF THERES: fverade a reserva $770 0OTHROUGH: cruzar BORDER: frontera APITSANNOYING: da rabia 29 701.0% parecer 2UMAD: eniadado 22TOASSUME:suponer 2STOLAUONAT:reiese de 24TOPULLUPs parar el coche ‘25 THATKINDOF STUFF: ese tipo de cosas 26 THEYRE AROUND THE AGE: estin on la edad 27 TOLOOK DOWNUPON: mirar por encima del hembra, mirarcon desprecioCULTURE // BEYOND LANGUAGE © 01 IN CDS BYRACHEL ROBERTS SPEAKER RACHEL ROBERTS STANDARD BRITISH ACCENT LANGUAGE LEVEL: B2 UPPER INTERMEDIATE SURVIVING ABROAD UNDERSTANDING THE BRITISH Cuando aprendemos un idioma estudiamos vocabulario, gramatica, pronunciacion, e1 ntonaci6n... Sin embargo, hay un aspecto que no se suele ensefar: las diferencias culturales. Muy importante para evitar equivocos. tudents of English spend a lot of time and money learning the language They sit exams to obtain certificates saying that their English is of a certain level, However, when they travel tothe UK or other English-speaking nations to work, study or simply for tour- ism, they often find themselves far less equipped’ to communicate in English than their exam certificates ‘would suggest. Thereare three main reasons for this: pronunciation, into- nation and cultural difference. REGIONAL In the UK alone there is a wide va- riety of accents, and familiar words can be pronounced quite differ ently, depending on the speaker's regional, ethnic and even social background, This can be confusing if you have only ever been exposed to standard English pronuncia- tion, Standard English is, however, a good place to start, and learning the phonetic symbols will help. Once you are proficient? in the standard pronunciation, you should expose yourself to as many differ- ‘ont accents as possible, in order to extend your repertoire of recognis able sounds. The BBC's podcasi? archive is a good source of listening material. There are even regional broadcasts 50, if you know you are going to Edinburgh, for example, you could try listening to some- thing from Radio Scotland, THAT SOUND... Of the more than 40 English sounds, perhaps the one that caus- es the most problems is the shwa /al. This is the sound of the articles ‘a’ and ‘the’ before consonants. It's often the sound of unstressed syl- lables in words Consider the words mother /'made/, actor /"wkta/ and pasta /porsta/. They all end with different letters, but the pronunciation of the second syllable in each word is iden- tical: /a/. It's no wonder that moth- er-tonque English speakers often have spelling* problems - we can’t ‘hear’ the way words are spelt! SILENCE Even more challenging’ are the un- stressed words within a sentence’, With correct intonation, only the important, information-bearing words" are pronounced clearly. All the ‘less important’ words, such as articles, prepositions and auxiliary verbs are run together" and as- sume weak /a/ sounds. Here's an example: I was bor in a small town near London. The words that convey" meaning? are ‘I, ‘bom’, ‘small town’, ‘near London’. These words are spoken clearly and the others are simply inserted as weak linking sounds®. The sentence becomes: Ivasborn inasmailtown nearlondon. Listening to and repeating re- corded sentences in English, or even singing along to songs, is en excellent way to master this com- plex intonation. GET TO THE POINT! More advanced students, who are pethaps thinking of going to the UK for an extended period of work or study, will almost certainly come up against the biggest hurdle* of all: the fact that British people rarely say exactly what they mean. Even foreigners who have lived in the UK for several years can have difficulty understanding them, sim- ply because Brits find some things difficult to say. ‘Two important British cultural val- ues are indirectness and politeness"and understatement” is the nom. If someone says, “The film was quite good," they probably mean they ‘thought it was very good indeed. CONFUSING Ambiguous language and even humour are often used to hide the speaker's real feelings and inten- tions. British people try to avoid di- rect confrontation and always try to ‘save face’ Ifyou ask a British person what they think of your new dress, new house or recent decision, they will say anything rather than admit that they don’t like it, [f you want them to give you a lift™ somewhere, or even put you up” at their house, be careful, because if they tell you, “It’s no trouble at alll”, in reality the opposite might be trae, Similarly. from a British person “I ‘see what you mean," or "Ihear what you say,” often means "I disagree- with you.” "I was a bit disappoint- ed” means “I was really annoyed,” ‘ell me if I'm wrong, but...” means “I'm certain I'm right" and “You must come to dinner some time,” means “Yes, we can probably meet again, somewhere neutral.” STRAIGHT TALK Unfortunately most Brits are com- pletely unaware” of their inability to talk straight™, and they often find themselves at odds® with people from other cultures, such as the Germans or Dutch, where speaking one’s mind and saying exactly what you think is considered a virtue. The intemet can help you im- prove your pronunciation and in- tonation, but where cultural val- ues are concemed, real life experi- ences are the only way to develop the necessary interpreting skills. If you're going to stay in the UK, you don'thave to try and be deliberately vague, but you should always try to be polite, especially when giv- ing negative feedback. You'll also have to leam to pay careful atten- tion to facial expression and body language, as these will provide* vi- tal clues* to what British people are really saying. EXERCISES Listening Questions 1. choose the best answer for each question, ‘al Whatis the biggest problem that visitng students hav in Britain? 1.the weather. 2 they cannot understand the natives. 3.they have no qualifications. b] What s suggested as a way to start learning English pronunciation? 1. studying lots of accents 2. earning the phonetic symbo'. 3, memarising BBC podcasts. lWhich isthe most common sound in English? “the schwa, 2.the'¢ sound, 2.the theta. «Inch word do you find the schwa sound? 1vsmke, 2 needle 3. baker. ‘What does a British person mean when they say “tell me ifm wrong”? 4. Tell meif thisis ok. 2.'m usually wrong 3.1 know | am right Answers 1.a)2, 612. 1,413.13 Nome EXERCISES ONCO Plea iT {TFARLESSEQUIPPED: mucho menos preparado PROFICIENT: hab, muy competente 3PODGAST: ivy de sunido que se tistribuye a través de a tecnologia RSS ‘AUNSTRESSED: Stono [sn acento prosdcico) I'S NOWONDER: no os de extrahar SPELLING: ortografia ‘CHALLENGING: complicado, que exige ungran estuerz0 dentro de une rase palabras que contienen informaci6n ARE RUN TOGETHER: se pronuncizn juntos $1 TO cONvER. transmitir A2MEANING. significado ‘YSLINKING SOUNDS: sonidos de enlace ‘4 T0 COME UP AGAINST: enfrentarse ASHURDLE: obstaculo {BPOLITENESS: educacién,cortesla ‘YTUNDERSTATEMENT: no decirlas cosas claras, porsu nombre $e TOGMES.O.ALIFT leva’ ealguien en coche 49 70PUTS.O.UP:alojar 201TSNOTROUBLE AT ALL: noesninguna molest 21 TOBEUNAWARE: no ser consciente 22TOTALKSTRAIGHTs hablar claro 2aToDDs: en desacuerdo 24 TOPROVIDE: proporcionar 2ECLUE: pistaSi\i8 Ermey pein ei ag ~ Irlanda también tiene su PNCIGs tay Stonehenge: Newgrange. La fecha magica para una STs i\i3 dae y Ty visita, el solsticio de invierno. LScFMol EN CTaTeMe/-TeUrey = apasionante fendmeno que _ se repite desde hace 5.000 nos. Hay mu Sevisit to Newgrange is one ofthe highlights! of any trip to ireland. Con- structed around 6,000 ‘years ago, the passage tomb? of Newgrange predates? the Egyptian Pyramids! The monument consists of a large mound! ot grass with a spec- tacular wall of white quartz and granite, Newgrange was built by a Stone Age community to house and honour the dead. The famous large stone in front of the entrance is engraved" with beautiful spirals and lozengest. The designs have been interpreted in many differ- ent ways: as representations of the sun and moon, as an astronomical chart’, as a map of the area, as a meditation aid, and as the effect of hallucinogenic drugs! A narcow* passageway leads to the burial chamber’. This is not for the claus- trophobic, But then the chamber opens up. One of the designs in the stone, a beautiful tri-spiral, has be- come the symbol of Newgrange. Look up to the roof: the interlac- ing" stones were put in place some 5,000 years ago and the roof is still waterproof" today! DISCOVERY ‘The Battle of the Boyne in 1690, the victory of the Protestant William IIT (William of Orange) over the Catholic EEE ‘A WIGHLIOMT, lugar] més destacado 2 PASSAGE TOMB: ps9) funerario (tomb: seputcro) STOPREDATE: cor anterior “4MOUND: monticule STOENGRAVE: grabar SLOZENGE:rombo ‘TOHART: carta BNARROW: estrecho 9 BURIAL CHAMBER: cérnara mortuoris AOTOINTERLACE: enirelazar IWATERPROOF: impermesble Planning a Trip There are three major passage tombs in Briina Béinne: Newgrange, Knowth and ie ec eamienace ora Dowth (which can't be visited). Newgrange is the largest and the most popular. Plan your visit for the morning, Having a car gives you time tosee both sites, ideally starting with Knowth. Knowth provides: aclose lookat the fabulous megalithic art, a collection of, photogenic satellite mounds aroundit, and awalk on top of the mound, then at the main monument at Newgrange, you can actually enter the chamber. Both visits start by shuttle bus from the Visitor Centre. For more background, the best website is wiv. worldheritageireland.ie For generalinformation get in contact with the Irish Tourist board based in Madrid, Spain Tel: 917456420 ww. discoverireland.com/es or wuwwvisitireland.comThe Lottery Every year, 25,000 people apply to witness winter solstice in the chamber of Newgrange. The shortest day of the year on 21 December was turning point" for the Stone Age community, as the days got longer and a new cycle of crops®- and lite -began. Today, only 110 people are allowed in the chamber for the spectacle, which takes place around am - if there aren't too many Clouds, of course! Lottery forms® for ‘one of the five days around the solstice are available from the Visitor Centre, ‘oryou can email your postal details anda contact telephone number to brunaboinnefGopw.ieand amember of staff will ili an application form foryou. The lottery takes place in late September. www.newgrange.comhas webcast of the 2007 solstice later, a ray of light still makes its ‘way through the rooftop" boxabove the entrance. The first archaeolo- gist to excavate Newgrange in the early 1960s was the first, person for centuries to witness" this natural spectacle. Today, the guides rep- licate this effect for visitors with a torch”. Even this artificial version is powerful. Every year, a few lucky Pronunciation point: tohouse ~ Cuidado con esta ———— i | beer aentee | | | hhouse se pronuncia /haus/, cuando se trata de la forma verbal entonces la‘s’ suena como una ‘2’ /hauz/. Some 5,000 years ago ~ Quizd parezca extrafia esta frase pero es que ‘cuando hablamos de cifras aproximadas, sobre todo sise refierena tiempos o distancias, somese usa para indicar ‘aproximadamente We were very tired because we'd walked some 10 miles. | | James Il, changed Irish history and the history of Newgrange. New set- tlers"came into the area. Until 1699, the tomb had been undisturbed” for hundreds of years. Superstition kept the monument intact. Newgrange ‘was discovered when a local landlord noeded stone for some building work and accidentally found the entrance. WHO BUILT NEWGRANGE? Welmow the builders ofNewgrange ‘wore a Stone Age farming commu- nity on some of the richest agricul- ‘tural land in Ireland. They had com- petence in architecture, engineer- ing, geology, art and astronomy. For example, they aligned'*the pas- sageway so that every year, at win- ter solstice, the shortest day of the year, the first sunlight entered the passage tomb. Thousands of years people are permitted to attend win- ter solstice in the passage tomb. MYSTERIES ‘There are still plenty of mysteries to be solved in this bend of the River Boyne. For example, archae- ologists continue to look for evi- dence of the houses of the people who moved 200,000 tons of stone. 5,000 years on, Newgrange is as fascinating as ever. Erie 1RSETTLER:colono ‘SHAD BEENUNDISTURBED: habla permanecido nalterado ‘WTOALIGN:clinear ROOFTOP: tejado, techo {WTOWITNESS: ser iestigo 7 TORCH: antoreha, linterna 1BBEND:cuna A9 TURNING POINT: momente decisivo 2acRoP: cutive 24 FORM: farrnulario.ON CDS sreaxeie sone YOUNG STANDARD BRITISH ACCENT LANGUAGELEVEL: C1 ADVANCED Time Travel Irelands a and with many mysteries. One of the more intriguing is Newgrange, a Neolithic site in County Meath. Claire Tuffy [pictured right. manager of the Newgrange Visitor Centre, thinks itis a special place: special because it's 5,000 years old. There are very few ‘opportunities anywhere to stand ina room which was built so long ‘ago and see it exactly like they did back then. It's wonderful to be at Newgrange at the winter solstice ‘when the sun shines into the chamber, and know that, when you're waiting for dawn’, that 5,000 years ago people stood on the same hill waiting for the same event. Now, there's no doubt, but for themit had a completely different meaning than it would have forus, but we're still waiting, glancing towards™ the same bit® of sky, looking around at the gorgeous Boyne Valley and waiting for the sun to rise on the shortest day. Soit'sagreat opportunity to be able to share an experience with your remote ancestors? — and feel pride in their achievement™ SOME THEORIE: Needless to say, there are many theories as to why thece remote ancestors built Newgrange: Claire Tuffy: The entrance stone itselfisa barrier between the world of the living and the world of the dead. It's rather like a threshold® or doorway, and it's coveredin five spirals and lots of swirly lines and zigzags and diamond shapes®. And some people suggest that the swirls and the spirals are to confuse the entrance into the spirit world, that it's somehow... is to make things more convoluted®. Other people suggest that it represents the sun and the stars, because, of course, we know that astronomy was extremely important to the people who built these monuments. And itis interesting that, at the winter solstice, when the sunis directly opposite the entrance of Newyraniye the light, because the sunis opposite the entrance, the art on the entrance stone seems quite flat it almost disappeers, there areno shadows, so perhaps on those days thebarriers are down between the world ofthe living and the world ofthe deed. But there's an even stranger theory: Claire Tutty: Other people suggest that the people who carved™ the stones used halluclinJogenic drugs so that they could anterinto the spirit ‘world and communicate with the ancestors, And tests that have been carried out by scientists using halluclinlogens report that these are theimages, they're called entopticimages, that are reported from, being seen from allover the world, not justin our culture, but from all over the world. And that might solve some of the queries, like how comie™ sometimes, when youlook at the artof our Neolithic tombs, it's 50 similar to something you'd see in Aboriginal Australia, or inthe Maori, or South America, thatall over the wortdwe use the same symbols in different combinations, so perhapsall of these holy men and women were using halluclinlogens to represent this sprit world! EXERCISES Beane eaten 1. Write the word that best fits the gap in ‘each sentence. The first letter anda definition are given in parentheses to help you a} The film about Marilyn Monroe's life wes fl {very interesting) in ts portrayal of the ion, | People sometimes havea party to colebrate the winters) (the shortest day ofthe year) We sav him fa), __ took quik in this direction when we sid is name. 4) The guide took usto same of the most (f___isolated) pacesin the Andean mountains The chocolate ice cream had ‘sh {eurved) bits of caramelinit. f) The newspaper is delivered before (d|____Isunrise} othe door of the houee. gl The construction workers put up a (b)_tborder, obstruction] ‘between the street and the pavement. Our office receives Ia {enguiris! from international customers. 2. Putthetliowing topics int the orderin ‘hich they appear inthe report 2} 5,00 years old blastronomy <1 Boyne Valley 4} County Meath el entoptic images fl doorway to the spirit world Answers ‘.alintriguing, bl solstice, glance, dl remote, el swirly, fl dawn, g) barrier, queries Ldactibe Mone S¥ERCISe5 NCO 2a pawneamanecer, alba 2ATOGLANCE: mira 24 TOWARDS: hac 2524 26 GORGEOUS: magnifico, precioso -TANCESTOR: antepasado zapRiveorgullo 29 ACHIEVEMENT. logro ‘0THRESHOLD- Umbra, ‘31 SWIRLY LINES: ineas en forma de rematino 32 DIAMOND SHAPE: forme de diamante 33 CONVOLUTED: inrincado, enrevesado 3G FLAT: plano STOCARVE: e=culpirtallar AG HOW COME: por queSOCIETY Cee feerltae i) Prentice <5 Telecel CMRI e- 1) en verano puet un shock para europeo. La dift de temperatur: cS UG lately oraes cise Felt (ete (Cle [e) los 20 grados. Un despilfarro Glerela (emis SieInegery Eee thas Peer m cries s anyone who has been to the United States knows, Americans LOVE airconditioning! The moment spring arrives and radiators are switched off', air conditioning (AC) systems are switched on... at full blast* LESS THAN ZERO For Europeans, who are used toleav- ing the window open on a hot day, a ‘summer trip to the States can be par- ticularly difficult: the temperature may be 40 degrees centigrade out- side, but inside it seems to be zero! Of course, not all Americans are in love with air conditioning. Stan Cox (see interview), for example, is an agricultural scientist at the Land Institute in Salina, Kansas. His previ- ous books include Sick Planet: Cor- porate Food and Medicine (2008), an angry attack on the destruction of the environment?. And he feels the same way about the USA's exces- sive use of air conditioning. Last year he published (with The New Press) Losing Our Coo! - Uncomfortable ‘Truths About Our Air-Conditioned World (and Finding New Ways to Get Through the Summer) The proposals Cox makes for ‘getting through the summer” in- clude using fans*, but with thermal* roofs? and insulated windows, using cold water, both for drinking and bathing your body. He also thinks that we should use more plants, both indoors and outdoors. Other tips* include tuming offlights on hot days and wearing clothes houses made of natural fibres and not poly- ester. Cox thinks that, like cows’, we should relax by moving about as little as possible in the heat" He believes in "constructive inertia” AVICIOUS CIRCLE While researching the book, Cox traveled widely", not only in the USA, but also in India, a country where people have learnt to sur- vive the heat without AC. In terms of the environment, Cox argues that AC is part of a vicious cixcle: it increases the use of oil and coal™ ‘This increases the production of greenhouse gases”: these in tum" increase the temperature of our planet, and so we use even more ait conditioning! And, says Cox, AC is also bad for our health (see inter- view). Not surprisingly, Cox's cniticism of AC is considered ‘UnAmerican’ Ifyou google Stan Cox, you will ind blogs where he is denounced as an “ignorant moron". Other com- ments include, “What a ridiculous waste of time"! Idiot!” and “Stan, an agricultural scientist. In other ‘words he grows” and smokes pot" Ban air conditioners? I say ban Itberals.” For others, he is even “a socialist’, Yes, the Americans love their air conditioning! a Toswrren oFF: apager 2ATFULLBLAST:a tope, al mSximo ‘ENVIRONMENT, medio ambiente ‘4TOGET THROUGH: aguanter, sobreviir SAN: ventiador STHERMAL: mica “7 ROOF: echo ‘TIP: consej practic ‘coWsvaca WHEAT: canicula, calor {AW TOTRAVEL WIDELY: viajar mucho OIL petrsleo $2C0AL carbén ‘1BGREENHOUSE GASES: gases defect irvernadero AWINTURN: 2 suver ‘IBMORON:mbéci, rade ‘GWASTEOF TIME: pércida de tiempo aToGROW, cultivar ‘por: maria |mariguanalON CD7 sreancn enucK ROLANDO STANDARD AMERICAN ACCENT LANGUAGE LEVEL: B2 UPPERINTERMEDIATE Losing his Cool When the writer Henry Miller retumedto his native United States during the Second World War, he was horrified by what he saw. He had spent 20years enjoying life in Paris and he found American society plastic and artificial. He traveled allover the country and wrote a book about it: he calledit The Air-Conditioned Nightmare”. Since then, Americe's dependence ‘onair conditoning has increased. According to Stan Cox, an ‘agricultural scientist tthe Land Institute in Kansas, this is cisastrous both forthe environment and health. He published Losing Our Cool - Uncomfortable Truths About Our Air-Conditioned Wortd fand Finding New Ways to Get Through the Summer}. He talked to Speak Up about America’s lve affair with airconditioning Stan Cox {Standard American accent}: Well, yeah, this is (4) phenomenon that has been noticed: even The New York Times did sort ofan informal survey, in which they went round to various clothing stores in Manhattan and some of the stores were very high-priced, upscale stores, other ones were less expensive stores and they found that the more expensive or upscale the store, the colder they kept the temperature, so that the highest-priced stores hada temperature of 68 Fahrenheit, and then the cheapest stores, were 12 degrees Fahrenheit warmer than that. And so there isan association with luxury so that, even though, on a hot humid day outside, you don't need to have it freezing cold, 20 degrees Fahrenheit colder in your flat but thats the waya lot of Americans seemto like it. DANGEROUS The environmental cost of air conditioning iswell known, but people knowles about its effects on healt ‘Stan Cox: There is evidence that use of air conditioning, although itsaves life in heat waves®, the more routine, lavish? use of air conditioning can actually undermine® our health, rnotonly our tolerance of heat, but also things like obesity and sleep prablems, hormone imbalance™ ‘and so forth may be associated with spending an entire summer. inwhatis, actually, refrigerated erwironment. There are certain diseases associated with moulds” and bacteria that... there have cases in which they've been spread” through air-conditioning systems, to infect lot of people. We've hada very rapid rise in the number of people, especially children, with allergies and asthma, andone theory that's gained alot of supportis that part of the reason for that rise inasthma andallergy is that children are less exposed to friendly micro-organisms in the soit and in the outdoors® because they're spending much more time in the surnmertime indoors™, with the windows sealed Up, so they may be protected fromatlergies, but, on the other hand, this may be disrupting their immune systems, sa they're also more susceptible toallergies. EMPTY STREETS ‘And Stan Cox believes there is also_a social cost: StanCox: Another thing that prompted me to write the book, actually, was going through att of suburban neighbourhoods, both in Kansasin the Central US, where llive, and alsoin the South, where I grew up, going through neighbourhoods ona pleasant, warm summer evening and you ‘see no humanity, the streets are empty, everyone is hiding inside in the airconditioning, and ithas, undermined our social fabric? inneighbourhoods, reduced the interaction between people in nsighbourhaods. Of course, that's not the only thing that has done that: we have electronic entertainment and so forth, but those different technologies work together, Ithink, to keep us indoors. EXERCISES Sao 1. choose the best answer for each question. ‘al How did Henry Miler feel about the US onhisreturn from France? 1 He found the people friendlier 2 He thought paope should recycle past 23, He found society arco. 1) Stan Cox says air conditioning {is very harmful to the environment. 2. doesnt work most of the time. 4s over-used in offices, )How id The New York Times conduct a survey? 1. They asked people what their favorite temperature was. 2, They measured the temperature in shoos. in New York. 43. They rang people task them ithey had airconditioning at home, tll What id the survey find? 1. The higher the temperature, the more Upscale the shop, 2 Most clothing stores were in Manhattan. 3. The lower the temperature, the more ‘expensive the shop. ‘]What do people associate very cold shops: vith? 4. usury tems. 2 lower prices. 3-chain stores. f1What kinds of health problems are linked to air conditioning? ‘obesity, allergies and asthma, 2. hormonal imbalance, 3.allof the above. Answers 1.a)5.0)1,0Z,015,e0 1.113, MORE EXERCISES ONO Rn 19 wioHTMaRE: pesacills 2OSURVEY:encuesta 21 CLOTHING STORE: tionda ce ropa 2RUPSCALE: exclusiva 23 6BFAHRENMEIT: 20 grados centigrados, 26 LUXURY uo 25 HEATWAVE: ola de calor 26 LAVISH, exageraco ZT TOUNDERMINE: miner, socevar 28 HORMONEIMBALANCE: desequilbris hormonal BPMoULD. mcho 0TOSPREAD: propagar Bt RISE-aumento ‘asolstierra| ‘33 0UTDOORS:al aire libre ‘34INDOORS: dentro de casa) BBTOSEALUP cerraracaly canto ‘36 SUBURBAN NEIGHBOURHOOD: barrie del extrarrasio ‘37 SOCIAL FABRIC: entrarmado sociakNEWS // FOOD & DRINK LANGUAGE LEVEL-B1 INTERMEDIATE BYALEX PHILLIPS Notes | caguotes an! | Homage to ie a eft Pretzels« National Pretzel Day, on April “aed 2518, nas teen celebrated in Pennsylvania since 2002 Brought tothe US by German immigrants, this baked dough" with its Unique shape, has become a national favourite, particularly in Philadelphia, where there is a museum dedicated to them! Lamb ~ or Ham InBritain, roast tambis commonly BBY eaten on Easter Sunday bul har is traditional in North America Thisis because, in the days before - fridges, fresh pork that wasn’t Tasty Simnel Cake eae ar spring. The frst harms were ready SIMNEL CAKE is a fruit cale filled with spices" and dried SE eee eee fruits, such as ginger’, sultanas and apricots’. Similar to a Christmas cake but lighter in texture, it is eaten for Easter ‘Sunday in the UK and Ireland. The cake, which dates back to medieval times, is decorated with 11 marzipan balls, meant torepresent the 11 disciples (Judasis left out), Almond? paste in is baked into the middle. Before slicing’, the Simnel cake uy Eat in placed imder a gill anf tnnstedl Ror an enay recipe, a Trae ena www.bbe.co.uk/food/recipes/simplesimneleake_71981 [Swiss chard™) pie. Itis made ‘wth 33 sheets o flopastry, one for each year of Christ's life, and seasoned with herbs, parsley I ‘and dill®, Fora recipe, check: Jesus Dy in Sheets i In New Zealand, a Greek-influenced , Chocolate hntpifrecipetindermsncone | | Cross Buns tin tere ATEMPTING'ersion oft Cross buns, asweet spicy bread SAEEEEN. bun’ eaten in Britain on Good ‘SPICES: especies ‘PLENTIFUL: Friday, replaces currants" and 2OINER: jong abundante CINNAMON carla mee eu chelate LTOLEAVEGUT, omit TBTREAT:deticia chips and cinnamon" Chocolate SaiMono.olnorurs paeTzet hot cross buns, popularin STOBAKE. galletesolada Australia, are adelicious TTOSLICE: cor oouGH so variation on the traditional partir en trozo SHEET: cana 3 TEMPTING sTsavouRy.saleso treat and still retain the cross SETS rere ontop, areligious symbol of ‘OCURRANT. ‘A9PARSLEY: pera the crucifixion. pasadeCorinto zopILtseneldoLITERATURE DYRITAMAMISSNELSON FICTION ASecret Love Una amistad sincera y un amor secreto. Sarah y Consuelo, las dos protagonistas de esta historia de Rita Mavis, descubriran que el ascensor averiado esconde una terrible desgracia. Consuelo verd truncado su futuro al lado del hombre amado. arah parked her car carefully. She had not intended to do a big shopt But, as nsnal she had ended up with a load? that would take her more time to put away than the actual time she had spent in the supermarket. The only con- solation was that she wouldn't need to shop again for a few days at least. She suddenly remembered that the lift? was out of ordert The lift door often jammed and could only be opened by the maintenance technician. Living on the fifth floor was not something to look forward to with four overflowing shop- ping bags, two cases’ of cans of beer and three packs of mineral water. Those she could always leave in the garage and bring them up when the maintenance technician had fixed the lift. She left the main door open to allow some fresh air to circulate, and get rid of* the stench’ in the hallway". IL aust be those new tenants" on the first floor, she thought, or stale" cooking odours, pethaps. She never asked for help, but on second thoughts" she tried calling her friend and neighbous* Sarah's neighbour, a young Spanish girl called Consuelo, was in love. There was just one problem: her lover was still married. Consuelo, a young Spanish girl ‘who lived on the second flocr. Consuelo lived alone. She had confided with Sarah that che was in love. Hor “hombre” was waiting for his divorce to be confirmed and then they would live together. He had kept their relationship secret as ‘he wanted his wife to be the one to leave. He had no intention of being the guilty party” and then having to pay alimony" to his ex wife. She had only married him {for his money and his important social position in the local com- snunity, and she had betrayed" ‘him with all and sundry”. Strange... Consuelo ap- peared not to be at home. Sarah sighed" and started her climb uptoher flat. Passing Consuelo’s door she could hear sounds. Perhaps sho hhad gone out, leaving the radio or TV on. This was normal prac- tice when going out, either leav- ing a light on or the TV, just to divert# possible burglars* Sarah rang the doorbell again, waiting a couple of min- utes, and Consuelo’s sad little face appeared. Eyes red and swollen®, visibly crying, she hadn't seen or heard from her “hombre” for over three days. She could not call him because his phone was being monitored, nor could she call him at work, ashe didn't want anyone to sus- pect that he was in any way in- volved with another woman. Sarah invited Consuelo to hhor flat and tried to comfort the poor girl between sobs™ inter: spersed* with Spanish. Sarah did not understand the lan- guage clearly, but made out™ that she was concemed” for her “hombre's" health, and all this aggravating stress was not ‘good for his “corazén". Over a cup of hot coffee Con- ouolo gradually calmed down. She was so grateful that Sarah was such a wonderful neigh- bour. She always had time for her friends in need and knew ‘what to say at the right moment. ‘The doorbell rang,YN Nos The stink had drifted around the hall, it was as if something were rotting... "Hello! Mike here, m nance come to fix the you open the main door, will someone come dow sign the form, please? Th will cost you! Third month...” Sarah sighed; th was always complai had repaired it properly the first, time. it wouldn't have jammed again. But she said nothing. She didn’t want to offend Mike. Knowing him, nex: time he probably wouldn’t come out, just to spite" her. Consuelo followed Sarah Mike offer hopping, down to the ground ing to help with the now that the lift wr ing again, Mike sto the open lift, his fa The stink® had drifte the entrance hall rotting™. Their ga: from Mike to the 1 BIGHOP: gran com, 2 LOAD: caniiad Ide ‘3UT ascensor ‘OUT OF ORDER. averiao it: fuera de servic 5 TO JAM: bloquears ‘6 TOOVERFLOW: el ToASE: caja STOCETRIDOF:climinsr ‘9 STENCH: hedor AOHALLWAY: rcibider AUTENANT:nguiine STALE: rancin 19 000UR; olor AWONSECOND THOUGHTS: 2ons2nco\c bien NEIGHBOUR: vecine 46 TOCONFIDE: conti {7THEGUILTY PARTY: ¢ AB ALIMONT: an oo ‘The lift was filled with roses, a large card taking up all the width" of the door NSUBLO, MARRY Mt! HAS BEEN CONFIRMED, ‘Under the roses protruded the decomposing corpse* of Con- suelo's “hombre 20 WITH ALAND SUNDRY: contoda el mundo 2iTOSIGH:suspirar 22CLIMB: sub 2a TODIVERT: dsuasir 26 BURGLAR: ladrén 25 SWOLLEN: hinchodo 26508: allozo 2UTOINTERSPERSE:intercalar 2B TOMAKEOUT. castr, entender 29 TOBE CONCERNED: estar pre BOLARY: hols 0 TOSPITE:astiiar ‘BZ ASHEN: ido, pido BASTINK: malolor, peste BE TODRIFT AROUND: circular, 35 TORO: pudrirs 36 GAZE: mirada sIWIOTH:ancho 38 CORPSE: cadiver 4ENTERTAINMENT// @ ON CD8 [BYMARCEL ANDERS SPEAKER JOHN YOUNG STANDERO BRITISH SEK "ANS EY RACHEL ROBERTS (LANGUAGE LEVEL: €1 ADVANCED LIFE AFTER OASIS NOEL GALLAGHER La ruptura del grupo Oasis fue especialmente dificil yamarga. Los hermanos Liam y Noel Gallagher se separaron después de haber cosechado grandes éxitos juntos. Ahora ambos triunfan por separado. hen The Beatles split up? in 1970, John Lennon and Paul McCartney went solo?. A simi- ler thing has happened to a band which has never denied its debt to The Beatles, namely* Oasis, This time the split is even more bitter‘ as the two main members are broth- ers. Liam Gallagher has formed the group Beady Eye*, while his hrath- er, who left Oasis after a backstaget fight in 2009, has formed Noe! Cial- lagher's High Flying Birds. Both groups have released new albums. Beady Eye's Different Gear, Still Speedingwentin atnumber3in the UK charts, while Noel Gallagh er's High Flying Birds’ eponymous album went straight to number one, Yet Noel Gallagher didn’t seem par- ticularly enthusiastic Noel Gallagher (Standard English/ Manchester accent}: I'm not really that excited about it. It's a bit of a pain in the arse” for me, do you know? I don't mean to sound all down® on it, but I'd rather this al- bum be’ the next Oasis album Yd rather still be in that band and looking forward to playing stadi- ums all over England and South America and Gesmany and wher ever. It’s a shamo" that it ended when it did. I got in my head that, after the last tour, Oasis wouldn't do anything for five years. And it's just a shame, because they could have gone off" and done Beady Eye, I could have gone off and done this. And then, two years from now, we could have been, you know, meeting up" to re-form and do Oasis. As it's worked out, that's nover going to happen, so Liam said it's never going to hap- pen, so there's... I don't need to add anything to that, He said that the thought of it makes him “want to vomit!” So we'll eave it at that! TECHNOPHOBE Noel Gallagher admits that it's diffi- cult "being 44 and pretending you're 24." He also admits that he only dis- ‘coverad the promotional benefits of the internet relatively recently: Noel Gallagher: I never, for the life of me, realised the wealth of stuff” that’s on there, from your enti life! From interviews from 1993 all the way up to interviews that you did fucking 10 minutes ago! It's incred- ible, it's mind-blowing“! But it's made me kind of realise: "Yeah, all right, OK, we can use that kind of thing, do you know what I mean?” So, instead of people now trying to have to... "Oh, well, this thing ‘about the internet.” And I'm al- ‘ways going: "Fuck the internet! You know. The Beatles never used it, Y'm not using it!" So T respect it a A TOSPLITUP. separarse 20L0%en solitario ver Spesk Up Explains) NAMELY. saber, concretamente ‘prrteR-amargo 'SBEADY EYES: ojos pequefios ybrilantes ‘BACKSTAGE: entre basidores ‘TITS ABIT OF APAIMINTHE ARSE: esunrollo, es muy pesado ‘8TOSOUND DOWN: parecer negative ‘9 TDRATHERTHIS ALBUM BE. preferrfa que este dlbum tuese ToSHAME: pena swTocoaFF: desaparecor iver Speak Up Explains| $2 TOMEETUP:reunirse, juntarse AS THE WEALTH OF STUFF: la gran cantidad de cosas {GMIND-BLOWING: aucinantebit more now. But what it does, it seems tome there's a load of people on there arguing™. They all argue between themselves about shit! TWITTER? NO THANKS! Not surprisingly, he isn't a great fan of social networks: Noel Gallagher: I've got enough friends: six! That will do me". I don't need followers. It’s a new form of religion, you know, people have followers. I don't understand it. I guess, in its inception”, it's like everything, you know, the internet was started for the noble purpose of shifting" information between people in different conti- nents around the world. So maybe, you know, the world is all con- nected. And then celebrities take over and then celebrities tum it into a fucking means to sell shit to the people, you know. So you get celebrities tweeting about what kind of fucking shit they're eating deorigen latino nos ayudan a comprender el significado de las frases. Por ejemplo. Joatways goes to San fot breakfast, do you know what I mean? And footballers tweeting about what boots they're wearing, and all that nonsense”. But I guess that's just the way of the world, ain’t it? That's just the way it is. We live ina commercial world. LABOUR? NO THANKS! In addition to their music and their colourful" private lives, the Gal- lagher brothers were also famous for supporting Manchester City Foot- ball Club and voting for the Labour Party. They still support Roberto Mancini's Man City, but Noel Gal- Jagher is disillusioned with Labour: Noel Gallagher: Well, you know, everybody should just fucking accept - you know what I mean? ~ that Labour and Conservative don't exist There's jnst-ane force moving forward, and the peo- ple are getting left behind, you know. That's just the way it is, T'm afraid, deducciones en elpasado. Ellos (asis) podian hab producido lo de Beady Eye’. Esta forma Francisco via New York verbal se compone (pronunciado /vaaf) went zalo ~Togo solose usa cuando tuna banda se separa ysus miembros comienzan una menudo las palabras They (Oasis) could have gone off and done Beady Eye ~ ‘Modal verbs of carreraensolitario.A deduction. Para hacer hipétesis y del verbo modal aquide del porfect infinitive thave + participio pasado). dada EXERCISES Ee estes 1. choose the best answer for each. ‘| How do Oasis fel about their connection to The Beatles? 1. They want to deny it 2 Theyare proud oft 3. Thoy ignore it. bIWhy ad Oasis spit up inthe frst place? 1. Their band made no money. 2 The brothers fought constantly 23. They lost interest in playing music. cl What does Noel mean when he says his ‘album isa “painin the arse"? 1. His music causes physical pain, 2 He thinks the album isnot successful 4. He has negative feelings about making the album. 4] How doos Noel fel now about Oasis? 1, He'd like toroferm the band, but Liam refuses 2. He's happy sal over: he wanted to facole, 3, He's upset, but thinks thatitis for the best. el What surprises Noel Gallagher about the internet? 4. That you can promote your band anit. 2. That tis so up-to-date and ‘comprehensive 3. Both ofthe above. How does Noel feel about social networks? 4. They are a noble endeavour, 2. They encourage people tobe religious, 3, Tey are being abused by celebrities, 2. tateh the word ite eynonye or definition. al bitter 1. seize control gear 2 interesting: vied cldabt 3 incredible dlbedown on 4. large quantity clwealth 5. equipment flimind-blowing 6. something oved altake ver 7 benegative about Hleolourtul 8 resentful Answers 4a} 2,b)2,c13, dl 1,e}3,113 2.al8,b)5,clé.d)7, 4,113, a1, m2 MORE XERCISES ON CO Pesscswcsn acres | WTOARGUE: discutir A6THATWILLDOME: me basta con es0 ATINCEPTION: inicio, comienzo sw TOSHIFT: ansierir TP NONSENSE: tonterias, estupideces 20.COLOURFUL: pintorescaNEWS //CITY LIGHTS =. INTERMEDIATE (AKER & ALEX PHILLIPS Notes fy Allfor the Young fationat Youth Week, an annual event based in Sydney, Australia, squeezes" hundreds of activities for the under-25s into just eight days. The event 13th-22nd April encourages” young people toshare* their opinions, and Creative or sporting talents. ww youthweek.com pay) Motorway | #9 Tour | ‘Abus company isoffering tour of Britain's imosttoathed™ destination: the M2 motorway! Tourists can view the Queen | Elizabeth Il Bridge at Dartford, Homa e to Freud the Lakeside Shopping Gentre,—— HeathrowAirport plusestensive | roadworks" and trafficjams”! LUCIEN FREUD, who ai ttp://bookings.buses.co.uk ented? painter. The grand founder of psychoanalysis, family fled? to Britain w an incredibly succ are praised for their ps debt’, he had many illegitim: ‘The National Portrait al retrospective of his work, un + yea, was a supremely Words and Pictures in Dublin, Ireland the event One City One Book encourages alt

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