Question 1

If the density of the sphere with the centre at (0, 0, 0) is given by (r, ) kg/m3, calculate the
total mass of top half of the sphere with radius r =2.

(A) (r, , ) 2r cos( ) (B) (r, , ) 2r sin( )

(C) (r , , ) r 2 cos( )

Solution

A)

2 2 2 2 2 2
M dV r sin( )d d dr
2
(2r cos( )r sin( )d d dr
2

r 0 0 0 r 0 0 0

2 2 2 2 2 2
2r sin( ) cos( )d d dr r 3dr 2sin( ) cos( )d d
3

r 0 0 0 r 0 0
2
2 2 r 4 cos(2 ) 2 2
0 8 kg
2
r dr sin(2 )d d
3

r 0 0 4 0 2 0

B)

2 2 2 2 2 2
M dV r sin( )d d dr
2
(2r sin( )r sin( )d d dr
2

r 0 0 0 r 0 0 0

2 2 2 2 2 2
2r sin ( )d d dr 2 r dr sin 2 ( )d d
3 2 3

r 0 0 0 r 0 0
2
r4 2
2 0 4 2 kg
4 0 4

1
(C)

2 2 2 2 2 2
M dV r sin( )d d dr
2
(r cos( )r sin( )d d dr
2 2

r 0 0 0 r 0 0 0

2 2 2 2 2 2
r sin( ) cos( )d d dr r 4 dr sin( ) cos( )d d
4

r 0 0 0 r 0 0

2 1 2 2
r 4 dr sin(2 )d d
r 0 2 0
2
r 5 1 cos(2 ) 2 2 32
0 kg
5 0 2 2 0 5

Question 2

Find the work done in moving a particle anti-clockwise around the semicircle in the x-y plane
centred at the origin with radius 2, if the force field is given by

(A) F(x, y ) = (3x - y ) i + (x - y ) j

(B) F(x, y ) = 2y 2 i + (x - y ) j
(C) F(x, y ) = (x - y ) i + 2x 2 j

Solution
(A)
r x i yj 2 cos( ) i 2sin( ) j
dr 2sin( )d i 2 cos( )d j
And F(x, y) =(3x - y) i + (x - y)j (3 2 cos( ) 2sin(( )) i + ( 2 cos( ) 2sin( )) j
Therefore F dr 3 2 cos( ) 2sin(( )) (2sin( )d ) + 2 cos( ) 2sin( ) (2 cos( )d )
12sin( ) cos( ) 4sin 2 ( ) 4 cos 2 ( ) 4sin( ) cos( ) d
16sin( ) cos( ) 4 d
Therefore

F dr (16sin( ) cos( ) 4)d (8sin(2 ) 4)d 4

c 0 0

(B)
r x i yj 2 cos( ) i 2sin( ) j
dr 2sin( )d i 2 cos( )d j
And F(x, y) = 2 y 2 i + (x - y)j (2 4sin 2 ( ))i + ( 2 cos( ) 2sin( )) j
Therefore F dr 8sin 2 ( ) (2sin( ) d ) + 2 cos( ) 2sin( ) (2 cos( )d )

2
 16sin 3 ( ) 4 cos 2 ( ) 4sin( ) cos( ) d
16sin 3 ( ) 4 cos 2 ( ) 2sin(2 ) d

In which

sin d
3

0


= sin 1 cos 2 d let cos t then -sin d dt therefore d
dt
-sin
0
1 1
1
t3
sin 1 t
dt 4
therefore = 2
2 1 t 2 dt 2 1
1
-sin 0 3 0 3

and (cos 2 ( )d
0
2

Therefore,

64
F dr (16sin ( ) 4 cos ( ) sin(2 ))d 2
3 2

c 0
3

(C)
r xi yj 2 cos( ) i 2sin( ) j
dr 2sin( )d i 2 cos( )d j
And F(x, y) = ( x y ) i + 2 x 2 j (2 cos( ) 2sin( ))i + 8 cos 2 ( )) j
Therefore F dr 2 cos( ) 2sin( ) ( 2sin( ))d + 8cos 2 ( ) 2 cos( )d )
4sin( ) cos( ) 4sin 2 ( ) 16 cos3 ( ) d
2sin(2 ) 4sin 2 ( ) 16 cos3 ( ) d

In which

cos d
3

0


= cos 1 sin 2 d let sin t then -sin d dt therefore d
dt
cos
0
0
therefore = cos 1 t 2 cosdt 0
0

F dr (2sin(2 ) 4sin ( ) 16 cos ( ))d 2

2 3

c 0

Question 3
(1,1)
Use Greens theorem to evaluate the line integral

(A) v y 3 i ( x 3 3 xy 2 ) j
c
(B) v 2 y 2 i (3 x 2 y 2 ) j
(C) v xy i ( 2 x 2 y 3 xy 2 ) j

where c is the path from (0,0) to (1.1) along the

graph of y x3 and from (1,1) to (0,0) along the graph of y = x. Also check your answer using
ling integral involving 2 separate lines.

Solution
(A) v y 3 i ( x 3 3 xy 2 ) j
Vy Vx
V .dr
C
{
A
x

y
} dx dy

x 1 y x
( x 3 xy ) y
3 2
( y3 ) ( x3 3 xy 2 ) y ( y3 )
{
} dx dy = { } dy dx
A
x y x 0 y x3
x y
x 1 y x

x 0 y x 3
{ 3 x 2 } dy dx 1/ 4

(B) v 2 y 2 i (3 x 2 y 2 ) j

x 1 y x
(3 x 2 y ) y (2 y 2 ) (3 x 2 y ) y (2 y 2 )
{

A
x

y
} dx dy =
x 0 y x3
{
x

y
} dy dx

x 1 y x
=
x 0 y x 3
{ 6 xy 2 4 y } dy dx = -0.162

(C) v xy i (2 x 2 y 3 xy 2 ) j
(2 x 2 y 3xy 2 ) y ( xy )
A {
x

y
} dx dy
x 1 y x
=
x 0 y x3
{ 4 xy 3 y 2 x } dy dx =4/15

4
Question 4:

In 3D the vector field v gives the velocity of a fluid at the point (x, y, z). Use Gausss theorem to
compute the total amount of the fluid flowing out of the cylinder C in bounded by the surfaces z =3,
z =4 and x 2 y 2 1 .

(A) v z i x 2 y j xy 2 k
(B) v x 3 i z j sin ( xy 2 )k
(C) v z i z j z 2 k

Solution

(A)
vx v vz
v dS {
y } dV
S V x y z
v v y vz
div( v ) x 0 x2 0 x2
Where x y z

In which x 2 r 2 cos 2 ( )
4 2 1
v dS r cos ( ) dV r cos ( )rdrd dz
2 2 2 2

S V z 3 0 r 0

4 2 1 4 2 1
r 3 cos 2 ( )drd dz dz cos 2( )d r 3dr
z 3 0 r 0 z 3 0 r 0

r 4 1

1
4 0 4

(B)

vx v y vz
v dS {
} dV
S V x y z
v v y vz
div( v ) x 3x 2 0 0 3x 2
Where x y z

In which 3x 2 3r 2 cos 2 ( )

5
 4 2 1
v dS 3r cos ( ) dV 3 r cos ( )rdrd dz
2 2 2 2

S V z 3 0 r 0

4 2 1 4 2 1
3 r 3 cos 2 ( )drd dz 3 dz cos 2( )d r 3dr
z 3 0 r 0 z 3 0 r 0

r 4 1
3
3 1
4 0 4

(C)
vx v y vz
v dS {
} dV
S V x y z
v v y vz
div( v ) x 0 0 2z 2z
Where x y z

4 2 1
v dS r cos ( ) dV r cos ( )rdrd dz
2 2 2 2

S V z 3 0 r 0

4 2 1 4 2 1
2 zrdrd dz 2 zdz d rdr
z 3 0 r 0 z 3 0 r 0
1
(16 9) 2 7
2

Question 5

Calculate the curl of each of the following vector fields (this can either be written as A or as
curl ( A) .

(A) A sin(yz ) i 2 xz 2 j x 2 y k (B) A cos( x 2 z ) i 2 z 3 j y 3 k

(C) A sin ( x 2 y ) i cos( 2 xy 2 ) j

Solution

i j k
curl( A ) A i y z j x z k x y
x y z Ay Az Ax Az Ax Ay
Ax Ay Az

Az Ay A A Ay Ax
i{ } j{ z x } k { }
y z x z x y

6
 (A)

( x 2 y ) (2 xz 2 ) ( x 2 y ) (sin( yz )) (2 xz 2 ) (sin( yz ))
curl( A ) A i { } j{ } k{ }
y z x z x y
( x 2 4 xz )i (2 xy y cos( yz )) j (2 z 2 z cos( yz ))k

(B)

( y 3 ) (2 z 3 ) ( y 3 ) (cos( x 2 z )) (2 z 3 ) (cos( x 2 z ))
curl( A ) i { } j{ } k{ }
y z x z x y
(3 y 2 6 z 2 )i (0 x 2 sin( x 2 z )) j

(C)

(0) (cos(2 xy 2 )) (0) (sin( x 2 y )) (cos(2 xy 2 )) (sin( x 2 y ))

curl( A ) i { } j{ } k{ }
y z x z x y
(2 y 2 sin(2 xy 2 ) x 2 cos( x 2 y ))k

Question 6

Determine the general and particular solution of the second-order differential equation.

d2y dy
(A) 2
6 9 y 4e3t
dt dt
2
d y dy
(B) tet
dt 2 dt
d2y dy
(C) 2
3 2 y sin(t )
dt dt

Solution

(A)

We look for a general solution of the form y et .

7
 d2y dy
Putting this into 2
6 9y 0
dt dt

d 2 et det
This gives 2
6 9e t 0
dt dt

So 2 et 6 et 9et 0

This is ( 2 6 9)et 0 - we can cancel the common term e t

We get 2 6 9 0 (characteristic equation)

Solving the equation 2 6 9 0

( 3) 2 0 and hence 3, 3 (common roots)

The general equation yh Ae Bte

3t 3t

Find a particular equation

3t
Guess the particular solution y p Ce
d( yp ) d 2 ( yp )
3Ce3t and 2
9Ce3t
dt dt
2
d y dy
2
6 9 y 4e 3t
dt dt
3t
Therefore 9Ce 6(3Ce 3t ) 9Ce3t 4e3t
1
C
9

1
And hence, y p e3t
9

1
y yh y p Ae3t Bte3t e3t
9

(B)

We get 2 1 0 (characteristic equation)

Solving the equation 2 1 0

hence i

The general equation yh A cos(t ) B sin(t )

8
Find a particular equation
Guess the particular solution y p Ce Dte
t t

d( yp ) d 2( yp )
Ce De Dte and
t t t
2
Cet Det Det Dtet
dt dt

d 2 y dy
2
tet
dt dt
(Ce Det Det Dtet ) Cet Dtet tet
t

(2C 2 D)et 0 and (2 D)tet tet

1 1
therefore D and C -
2 2

1 1
y yh y p A cos(t ) B sin(t ) et tet
2 2

(C)

d2y dy
2
3 2 y sin(t )
dt dt

We get 2 3 2 0 (characteristic equation)

Solving the equation 1, 2

The general equation yh Ae Be
t 2t

Find a particular equation

Guess the particular solution y p C sin(t ) D cos(t )
d( yp ) d 2( yp )
C cos(t ) D sin(t ) and C sin(t ) D cos(t )
dt dt 2

d2y dy
2
3 2 y sin(t )
dt dt
C sin(t ) D cos(t ) 3C cos(t ) D sin(t ) 2 C sin(t ) D cos(t ) sin(t )
(C 3D 2C ) sin(t ) sin(t ) and (- D - 3C 2 D) cos(t ) 0
1 3
therefore C and D
10 10

1 3
y yh y p Aet Be 2t sin(t ) cos(t )
10 10